251
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Sahu A, Singhal U, Chinnaiyan AM. Long noncoding RNAs in cancer: from function to translation. Trends Cancer 2015; 1:93-109. [PMID: 26693181 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
While our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer has significantly improved, most of our knowledge focuses on protein-coding genes that make up a fraction of the genome. Recent studies have uncovered thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that populate the cancer genome. A subset of these molecules shows striking cancer- and lineage-specific expression patterns, suggesting they may be potential drivers of cancer biology and have utility as clinical biomarkers. Here, we discuss emerging modalities of lncRNA biology and their interplay with cancer-associated concepts, including epigenetic regulation, DNA damage and cell cycle control, microRNA silencing, signal transduction pathways, and hormone-driven disease. Additionally, we highlight the translational impact of lncRNAs, tools for their mechanistic investigation, and directions for future lncRNA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Sahu
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA. ; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA
| | - Udit Singhal
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA
| | - Arul M Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA. ; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA. ; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA. ; Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA
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252
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Wang Y, Wu P, Lin R, Rong L, Xue Y, Fang Y. LncRNA NALT interaction with NOTCH1 promoted cell proliferation in pediatric T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13749. [PMID: 26330272 PMCID: PMC4557127 DOI: 10.1038/srep13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) was referred to be participating in various malignant tumors. Location based analysis of the mechanism in lncRNA and genes have been highly focused. In this study, we reported that lncRNA named NALT which was located near NOTCH1 within 100 bp away. We confirmed that up-regulation of NALT associating with NOTCH1 in human samples. Increased expression of NALT dramatically promoted cell proliferation in cell lines via CCK8 assay and EDU stain. Further xenograft tumor also indicated the growth inducing affection of NALT while could be partial reversed by GSI. Besides, through sorting the side-population cells in T ALL cells treated with NALT shRNA could decrease percentage of SP cell which companied by the down-regulation of NOTCH1. Gal4-λN/BoxB reporter system revealed that the nuclear located NALT could function as a transcription activator which caused an activation of NOTCH signal pathway as confirmed by western blot. Taken together, we found a neighbor of NOTCH1, Lnc-RP11-611D20.2 (named NALT) which could regulate the NOTCH1 signal pathway through cis-regulation. This founding may trigger a comparable development of diagnosis or novel molecularly-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Rufeng Lin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liucheng Rong
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yao Xue
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongjun Fang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
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253
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Yuan SX, Zhang J, Xu QG, Yang Y, Zhou WP. Long noncoding RNA, the methylation of genomic elements and their emerging crosstalk in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 379:239-44. [PMID: 26282784 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The epigenetic mechanism that incorporates DNA methylation alterations, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA expression has been identified as a major characteristic in distinguishing physiological and pathological settings of cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of mortality related cancer. The advance in methylation modification of chromatin elements (for both genomic DNA and histone tails) and the emerging roles of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) have given us a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying HCC. Recently, methods like genome-wide lncRNA profiling and histone hallmark detection were reported to discover mass tumor-associated lncRNAs epigenetically deregulated by differential chromosome modification, mainly by genomic DNA and histone methylation. Therefore, aberrant methylation modification of certain particular lncRNA genes could be crucial events correlating with unfavorable outcomes in HCC. In addition, amount of lncRNAs could act as a manipulator for DNA methylation or a scaffold for histone modification to affect key signaling pathways in hepatocarcinogenesis. This suggests that methylation modification of chromatin elements may have functional crosstalk with lncRNA. Here, we aim to outline the emerging role of the methylation and lncRNA, and their crosstalk of molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Xian Yuan
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Guo Xu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhou
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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254
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Sun Q, Liu H, Li L, Zhang S, Liu K, Liu Y, Yang C. Long noncoding RNA-LET, which is repressed by EZH2, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell. Med Oncol 2015; 32:226. [PMID: 26243049 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in carcinogenesis and progression. LncRNA-LET, a recently identified lncRNA, has been shown to be a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the expression and functional of lncRNA-LET in other type of cancers remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that lncRNA-LET was significantly downregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues compared with corresponding normal tissues. Decreased LET expression is significantly correlated with advanced clinical stage, larger tumor size, increased lymph node tumor burden, and poor survival of NPC patients. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that enhanced LET expression inhibited NPC cells proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. By contrast, the knockdown of LET promoted NPC cells proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. Importantly, we found lncRNA-LET is transcriptional repressed by EZH2-mediated H3K27 histone methylation on the LET promoter. The expressions of EZH2 and lncRNA-LET are significantly inversely correlated in NPC tissues. Collectively, these findings indicate a pivotal role for lncRNA-LET in NPC cell proliferation and apoptosis, and reveal an epigenetic mechanism for lncRNA-LET dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzhen Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
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255
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Increased urothelial cancer associated 1 is associated with tumor proliferation and metastasis and predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1329-38. [PMID: 26238511 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA, urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1), is reported to play a critical role in progression of carcinogenesis. In the present study, we identified differential expression of UCA1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and paired peritumoral tissues using gene expression microarray analyses. qPCR analysis confirmed that UCA1 was upregulated in CRC (p<0.001) and the expression of UCA1 was statistically correlated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.040), distant metastasis (P=0.043) and tumor stage (P=0.010). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients with high UCA1 expression had a poor prognosis. Moreover, multivariate analysis identified UCA1 overexpression as an independent predictor for CRC. We also found that knockdown of UCA1 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis in CRC cells. Flow cytometry assays showed UCA1 silencing induced G0/G1 growth arrest and apoptosis of CRC cells. To further investigate the regulatory mechanisms of UCA1, we identified that Ets-2 bound to the UCA1 core promoter using luciferase assays. Collectively, our findings suggested that UCA1 might be an important prognostic indicator in CRC and may be a potential target for diagnosis and gene therapy.
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256
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MEG3 long noncoding RNA regulates the TGF-β pathway genes through formation of RNA-DNA triplex structures. Nat Commun 2015. [PMID: 26205790 PMCID: PMC4525211 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression by association with chromatin,
but how they target chromatin remains poorly understood. We have used chromatin RNA
immunoprecipitation-coupled high-throughput sequencing to identify 276 lncRNAs
enriched in repressive chromatin from breast cancer cells. Using one of the
chromatin-interacting lncRNAs, MEG3, we explore the mechanisms by which
lncRNAs target chromatin. Here we show that MEG3 and EZH2 share common
target genes, including the TGF-β pathway genes. Genome-wide mapping of
MEG3 binding sites reveals that MEG3 modulates the activity of
TGF-β genes by binding to distal regulatory elements. MEG3 binding
sites have GA-rich sequences, which guide MEG3 to the chromatin through
RNA–DNA triplex formation. We have found that RNA–DNA triplex
structures are widespread and are present over the MEG3 binding sites
associated with the TGF-β pathway genes. Our findings suggest that
RNA–DNA triplex formation could be a general characteristic of target gene
recognition by the chromatin-interacting lncRNAs. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression by association
with chromatin. Here, the authors show that lncRNA MEG3 regulates the
TGF-β pathway by bridging the interactions between polycomb repressive complex
2 and the distal regulatory elements of the TGF-β pathway genes via formation
of RNA–DNA triplexes.
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257
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Zeng S, Xiao YF, Tang B, Hu CJ, Xie R, Yang SM, Li BS. Long Noncoding RNA in Digestive Tract Cancers: Function, Mechanism, and Potential Biomarker. Oncologist 2015; 20:898-906. [PMID: 26156325 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive tract cancers (DTCs) are a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Current therapeutic tools for advanced stage DTCs have limitations, and patients with early stage DTCs frequently have a missed diagnosis due to shortage of efficient biomarkers. Consequently, it is necessary to develop novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and novel therapeutic targets for treatment of DTCs. In recent years, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of noncoding RNAs with >200 nucleotides, have been shown to be aberrantly expressed in DTCs and to have an important role in DTC development: the expression profiles of lncRNAs strongly correlated with poor survival of patients with DTCs, and lncRNAs acted as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in DTC progression. In this review, we summarized the functional lncRNAs and expounded on their regulatory mechanisms in DTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Feng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Jiang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rei Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Sheng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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258
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Russell MR, Penikis A, Oldridge DA, Alvarez-Dominguez JR, McDaniel L, Diamond M, Padovan O, Raman P, Li Y, Wei JS, Zhang S, Gnanchandran J, Seeger R, Asgharzadeh S, Khan J, Diskin SJ, Maris JM, Cole KA. CASC15-S Is a Tumor Suppressor lncRNA at the 6p22 Neuroblastoma Susceptibility Locus. Cancer Res 2015; 75:3155-66. [PMID: 26100672 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome 6p22 was identified recently as a neuroblastoma susceptibility locus, but its mechanistic contributions to tumorigenesis are as yet undefined. Here we report that the most highly significant single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations reside within CASC15, a long noncoding RNA that we define as a tumor suppressor at 6p22. Low-level expression of a short CASC15 isoform (CASC15-S) associated highly with advanced neuroblastoma and poor patient survival. In human neuroblastoma cells, attenuating CASC15-S increased cellular growth and migratory capacity. Gene expression analysis revealed downregulation of neuroblastoma-specific markers in cells with attenuated CASC15-S, with concomitant increases in cell adhesion and extracellular matrix transcripts. Altogether, our results point to CASC15-S as a mediator of neural growth and differentiation, which impacts neuroblastoma initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike R Russell
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Annalise Penikis
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Derek A Oldridge
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Juan R Alvarez-Dominguez
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Lee McDaniel
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maura Diamond
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Olivia Padovan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pichai Raman
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Center for Biomedical Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yimei Li
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jun S Wei
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shile Zhang
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Janahan Gnanchandran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Saban Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert Seeger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Saban Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Saban Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Javed Khan
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sharon J Diskin
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristina A Cole
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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259
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Lessard L, Liu M, Marzese DM, Wang H, Chong K, Kawas N, Donovan NC, Kiyohara E, Hsu S, Nelson N, Izraely S, Sagi-Assif O, Witz IP, Ma XJ, Luo Y, Hoon DSB. The CASC15 Long Intergenic Noncoding RNA Locus Is Involved in Melanoma Progression and Phenotype Switching. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:2464-2474. [PMID: 26016895 PMCID: PMC4567947 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, considerable advances have been made in the characterization of protein-coding alterations involved in the pathogenesis of melanoma. However, despite their growing implication in cancer, little is known about the role of long non-coding RNAs in melanoma progression. We hypothesized that copy number alterations of intergenic non-protein coding domains could help identify long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) associated with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. Among several candidates, our approach uncovered the chromosome 6p22.3 CASC15 lincRNA locus as a frequently gained genomic segment in metastatic melanoma tumors and cell lines. The locus was actively transcribed in metastatic melanoma cells, and up-regulation of CASC15 expression was associated with metastatic progression to brain metastasis in a mouse xenograft model. In clinical specimens, CASC15 levels increased during melanoma progression and were independent predictors of disease recurrence in a cohort of 141 patients with AJCC stage III lymph node metastasis. Moreover, siRNA knockdown experiments revealed that CASC15 regulates melanoma cell phenotype switching between proliferative and invasive states. Accordingly, CASC15 levels correlated with known gene signatures corresponding to melanoma proliferative and invasive phenotypes. These findings support a key role for CASC15 in metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Lessard
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Michelle Liu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Diego M Marzese
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Hayward, California, USA
| | - Kelly Chong
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Neal Kawas
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Nicholas C Donovan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Eiji Kiyohara
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Sandy Hsu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Nellie Nelson
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Sivan Izraely
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Sagi-Assif
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Isaac P Witz
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Xiao-Jun Ma
- Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Hayward, California, USA
| | - Yuling Luo
- Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Hayward, California, USA
| | - Dave S B Hoon
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA.
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260
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Wang B, Su Y, Yang Q, Lv D, Zhang W, Tang K, Wang H, Zhang R, Liu Y. Overexpression of Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Human Osteosarcoma. Mol Cells 2015; 38:432-40. [PMID: 25728753 PMCID: PMC4443285 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.2327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human osteosarcoma usually presented a high tendency to metastatic spread and caused poor outcomes, however, the underlying mechanism was still largely unknown. In the present study, using a series of in vitro experiments and an animal model, we investigated the roles of HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) during the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma. According with our results, HOTAIR was commonly overexpressed in osteosarcoma, which significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage, highly histological grade and poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that knockdown of HOTAIR could notably suppress cellular proliferation, inhibit invasion and decrease the secretion of MMP2 and MMP9 in osteosarcoma. Collectively, our results suggested that HOTAIR might be a potent therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011,
China
| | - Yun Su
- Department of Orthopeadics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116001,
China
| | - Qun Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011,
China
| | - Decheng Lv
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011,
China
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011,
China
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011,
China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011,
China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011,
China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011,
China
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261
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Yarmishyn AA, Kurochkin IV. Long noncoding RNAs: a potential novel class of cancer biomarkers. Front Genet 2015; 6:145. [PMID: 25954300 PMCID: PMC4407501 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a novel class of RNA molecules defined as transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that lack protein coding potential. They constitute a major, but still poorly characterized part of human transcriptome, however, evidence is growing that they are important regulatory molecules involved in various cellular processes. It is becoming increasingly clear that many lncRNAs are deregulated in cancer and some of them can be important drivers of malignant transformation. On the one hand, some lncRNAs can have highly specific expression in particular types of cancer making them a promising tool for diagnosis. The expression of other lncRNAs can correlate with different pathophysiological features of tumor growth and with patient survival, thus making them convenient biomarkers for prognosis. In this review we outline the current state of knowledge about the fast growing field of application of lncRNAs as tumor biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksandr A Yarmishyn
- Department of Genome and Gene Expression Data Analysis, Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore Singapore
| | - Igor V Kurochkin
- Department of Genome and Gene Expression Data Analysis, Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore Singapore
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262
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Pandey GK, Kanduri C. Fighting Neuroblastomas with NBAT1. Oncoscience 2015; 2:79-80. [PMID: 25859549 PMCID: PMC4381699 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar Pandey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chandrasekhar Kanduri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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