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Kono T, Satomi M, Chisato N, Ebisawa Y, Suno M, Asama T, Karasaki H, Matsubara K, Furukawa H. Topical Application of Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) in the Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis. World J Oncol 2011; 1:232-235. [PMID: 29147213 PMCID: PMC5649748 DOI: 10.4021/wjon263w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The optimal treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis is not well established. A recent study showed that hangeshashinto (TJ-14) might be useful for periodontal disease via downregulating pro-inflammatory prostaglandins in the cyclooxygenase pathway in human. Our study aimed to determine whether TJ-14 is effective in the management of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Methods Fourteen patients afflicted with chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis during mFOLFOX6 or FOLFIRI treatment for metastasis of advanced colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to topical TJ-14 treatment thrice daily for 7 days. Patients prepared a 50 ml solution with 2.5 g of TJ-14 dissolved in tap water and rinsed their oral mucosa for more than 5 seconds and then expectorated it. TJ-14 was also topically applied with a cotton pellet on the mucosal lesions. The severity of oral mucositis was evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4 before and after one-week TJ-14 treatment. Results After the one-week topical treatment with TJ-14, thirteen of the fourteen patients (92.8 %) showed improvements in oral mucositis, with significantly decreased mean CTCAE grades (P = 0.0012). Compared to baseline, none of the patients' CTCAE grades worsened. The compliance of TJ-14-treatment was good and side effects from TJ-14 were not observed. Conclusions Topical application of TJ-14 may have therapeutic effects in patients with chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis via downregulation of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins. A prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind studies are necessary to confirm the findings of this open-label, pilot study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Kono
- Division of Gastroenterologic and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Machiko Satomi
- Division of Chemotherapy, Higashi-Asahikawa Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Hospital Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Chisato
- Division of Gastroenterologic and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ebisawa
- Division of Gastroenterologic and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Manabu Suno
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Asama
- Division of Gastroenterologic and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Division of Chemotherapy, Higashi-Asahikawa Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hidenori Karasaki
- Division of Gastroenterologic and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuo Matsubara
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furukawa
- Division of Gastroenterologic and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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252
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Antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of water extract from Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. leaves. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 49:799-806. [PMID: 21130829 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 10/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. (Berberidaceae) leaves have been widely used as a tea leaf beverage south of the Qinling Mountains of China. In this study, the antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of M. bealei leaves were investigated. Our data showed that the water extract of M. bealei leaves (WML) exhibited extremely high antioxidant properties, which were demonstrated by its ability to scavenge 50% of 1,1-diphenyll-2-2-pricylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals at 60.46 μg/ml, and it eliminated approximately 71.19% of superoxide radicals at 500 μg/ml. In addition, the WML showed strong reducing abilities and provided protection against oxidative protein damage induced by hydroxyl radicals. Cellular proliferation and the induction of apoptosis were also examined by cellular proliferation assay, flow cytometry, and mRNA expression analysis. These results demonstrate that WML significantly inhibited the growth of human colon cancer (HT-29) cells in a concentration-dependent manner, and it gradually increased the proportion of apoptotic cells and reduced the expression of the survivin gene. The bioactivity-guided study of WML resulted in the isolation and identification of berberine, a known isoquinoline alkaloid. Berberine exhibited strong antiproliferative activity on HT-29 cells, with IC(50) values of 36.54 μM, suggesting it is, in part, responsible of the anticancer activity of WML.
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253
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Raffaele S, Win J, Cano LM, Kamoun S. Analyses of genome architecture and gene expression reveal novel candidate virulence factors in the secretome of Phytophthora infestans. BMC Genomics 2010; 11:637. [PMID: 21080964 PMCID: PMC3091767 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytophthora infestans is the most devastating pathogen of potato and a model organism for the oomycetes. It exhibits high evolutionary potential and rapidly adapts to host plants. The P. infestans genome experienced a repeat-driven expansion relative to the genomes of Phytophthora sojae and Phytophthora ramorum and shows a discontinuous distribution of gene density. Effector genes, such as members of the RXLR and Crinkler (CRN) families, localize to expanded, repeat-rich and gene-sparse regions of the genome. This distinct genomic environment is thought to contribute to genome plasticity and host adaptation. RESULTS We used in silico approaches to predict and describe the repertoire of P. infestans secreted proteins (the secretome). We defined the "plastic secretome" as a subset of the genome that (i) encodes predicted secreted proteins, (ii) is excluded from genome segments orthologous to the P. sojae and P. ramorum genomes and (iii) is encoded by genes residing in gene sparse regions of P. infestans genome. Although including only ~3% of P. infestans genes, the plastic secretome contains ~62% of known effector genes and shows >2 fold enrichment in genes induced in planta. We highlight 19 plastic secretome genes induced in planta but distinct from previously described effectors. This list includes a trypsin-like serine protease, secreted oxidoreductases, small cysteine-rich proteins and repeat containing proteins that we propose to be novel candidate virulence factors. CONCLUSIONS This work revealed a remarkably diverse plastic secretome. It illustrates the value of combining genome architecture with comparative genomics to identify novel candidate virulence factors from pathogen genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Raffaele
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
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254
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Maier L, Šolomek T, Pipíška M, Kříž Z, Nečas M, Marek R. Structural study of 8-azole derivatives of protoberberine alkaloids: experimental and quantum chemical approach. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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255
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Isoquinolines from the roots of Thalictrum flavum L. and their evaluation as antiparasitic compounds. Molecules 2010; 15:6476-84. [PMID: 20877237 PMCID: PMC6257762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15096476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids from Thalictrum flavum L. (Ranuculaceae) growing in the Loire valley (France) were isolated and evaluated for their antiplasmodial and leishmanicidal activities. Berberine was identified as a major component but its analogue, pseudoberberine, was isolated for the first time from this plant. As far as bisbenzylisoquinolines are concerned, thalfoetidine was also isolated and, besides, its nor- derivative, northalfoetidine, was identified as a new compound. Previously isolated alkaloids from Thalictrum species such as northalidasine, northalrugosidine, thaligosidine, thalicberine, thaliglucinone, preocoteine, O-methylcassythine and armepavine were newly described in the roots of T. flavum. Tertiary isoquinolines, and particularly bisbenzylisoquinolines, were found to be leishmanicidal against L. major. Thalfoetidine appeared as the most potent but its new nor- derivative northalfoetidine, as well as northalidasine, were of particular interest due to the fact that their potential leishmanicidal activity was not associated to a strong cytotoxicity.
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256
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González-Candelas L, Alamar S, Sánchez-Torres P, Zacarías L, Marcos JF. A transcriptomic approach highlights induction of secondary metabolism in citrus fruit in response to Penicillium digitatum infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 10:194. [PMID: 20807411 PMCID: PMC2956543 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-10-194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postharvest losses of citrus fruit due to green mold decay, caused by the fungus Penicillium digitaum, have a considerable economic impact. However, little is known about the molecular processes underlying the response of citrus fruit to P. digitatum. RESULTS Here we describe the construction of a subtracted cDNA library enriched in citrus genes preferentially expressed in response to pathogen infection followed by cDNA macroarray hybridization to investigate gene expression during the early stages of colonization of the fruit's peel by P. digitatum. Sequence annotation of clones from the subtracted cDNA library revealed that induction of secondary and amino acid metabolisms constitutes the major response of citrus fruits to P. digitatum infection. Macroarray hybridization analysis was conducted with RNA from either control, wounded, ethylene treated or P. digitatum infected fruit. Results indicate an extensive overlap in the response triggered by the three treatments, but also demonstrated specific patterns of gene expression in response to each stimulus. Collectively our data indicate a significant presence of isoprenoid, alkaloid and phenylpropanoid biosynthetic genes in the transcriptomic response of citrus fruits to P. digitatum infection. About half of the genes that are up-regulated in response to pathogen infection are also induced by ethylene, but many examples of ethylene-independent gene regulation were also found. Two notable examples of this regulation pattern are the genes showing homology to a caffeine synthase and a berberine bridge enzyme, two proteins involved in alkaloid biosynthesis, which are among the most induced genes upon P. digitatum infection but are not responsive to ethylene. CONCLUSIONS This study provided the first global picture of the gene expression changes in citrus fruit in response to P. digitatum infection, emphasizing differences and commonalities with those triggered by wounding or exogenous ethylene treatment. Interpretation of the differentially expressed genes revealed that metabolism is redirected to the synthesis of isoprenes, alkaloids and phenylpropanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis González-Candelas
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Apartado de Correos 73, Burjassot, E46100-Valencia, Spain
| | - Santiago Alamar
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Apartado de Correos 73, Burjassot, E46100-Valencia, Spain
| | - Paloma Sánchez-Torres
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Apartado de Correos 73, Burjassot, E46100-Valencia, Spain
- Insituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Carretera Moncada - Náquera, Km. 4,5. Moncada, E46113-Valencia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Zacarías
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Apartado de Correos 73, Burjassot, E46100-Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose F Marcos
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Apartado de Correos 73, Burjassot, E46100-Valencia, Spain
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257
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Enders D, Liebich J, Raabe G. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of trans-1,3-Disubstituted Tetrahydroisoquinolines via a Reductive Amination/Aza-Michael Sequence. Chemistry 2010; 16:9763-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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258
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Liu F, Ding X, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Zhao L, Jiang H, Liu H. Silver- and Gold-Mediated Intramolecular Cyclization to Substituted Tetracyclic Isoquinolizinium Hexafluorostilbates. J Org Chem 2010; 75:5810-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1006174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Linxiang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Hualiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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259
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Characterization of aromatase binding agents from the dichloromethane extract of Corydalis yanhusuo using ultrafiltration and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Molecules 2010; 15:3556-66. [PMID: 20657498 PMCID: PMC6263280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15053556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatase represents an important target for the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer. In the present study, nine alkaloids from the dichloromethane extract of Corydalis yanhusuo were identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and tested for their aromatase binding activities using an ultrafiltration LC-MS method by investigating the differences of peak areas of compounds before and after incubations with aromatase. It was demonstrated that the quaternary protoberberine alkaloids and the tertiary protoberberine alkaloids exhibited potent aromatase binding activities. The quaternary ammonium group and the methyl group at C-13 position of tertiary protoberberine alkaloids might be necessary for the activity. The findings should provide guidance for the discovery of potential aromatase inhibitors from natural products.
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260
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Liang YD, Yu CX, Song JF. Electrochemiluminescence of palmatine being oxidized by electrogenerated hydroxyl radical and its analytical application. LUMINESCENCE 2010; 26:178-84. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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261
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Extractions of isoquinoline alkaloids with butanol and octanol. Fitoterapia 2010; 81:565-8. [PMID: 20117181 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Revised: 01/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Six different isoquinoline alkaloids (sanguinarine, chelerythrine, berberine, coptisine, allocryptopine, and protopine) were extracted by butanol and octanol from aqueous solution, pH 4.5. The samples were analyzed by HPLC. Butanol extraction was non-selective, alkaloids passed into organic phase in 83-98%. Octanol extraction provided more selective yields: sanguinarine 99%, chelerythrine 94%, berberine 18%, coptisine 16%, allocryptopine 7.5%, protopine 7%. Further, we tested octanol treatment of extract from Dicranostigma lactucoides. The octanol extraction yields were also selective: sanguinarine 98%, chelerythrine 92%, chelirubine 92.5%, protopine 6% and allocryptopine 3.5%. 6-Butoxy-5,6-dihydrosanguinarine and 6-butoxy-5,6-dihydrochelerythrine were prepared and their NMR and MS data are reported and discussed.
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262
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Singh S, Singh TD, Singh VP, Pandey VB. Quaternary alkaloids of Argemone mexicana. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2010; 48:158-60. [PMID: 20645832 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903062622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Four quaternary isoquinoline alkaloids, dehydrocorydalmine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, and oxyberberine, have been isolated from the whole plant of Argemone mexicana Linn. (Papaveraceae) and their structures established by spectral evidence. This is the first report of these alkaloids (dehydrocorydalmine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, and oxyberberine) from Argemone mexicana and the Argemone genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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263
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Valpuesta M, Ariza M, Diaz A, Torres G, Suau R. Total Synthesis of New 8-(Arylmethyl)berbines. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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264
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Bhadra K, Kumar GS. Therapeutic potential of nucleic acid-binding isoquinoline alkaloids: Binding aspects and implications for drug design. Med Res Rev 2010; 31:821-62. [DOI: 10.1002/med.20202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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265
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Palmatine attenuates d-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced fulminant hepatic failure in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:222-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2009] [Revised: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 10/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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266
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Vacek J, Walterová D, Vrublová E, Šimánek V. The Chemical and Biological Properties of Protopine and Allocryptopine. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-10-673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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267
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Patil D, Gautam M, Mishra S, Kulkarni P, Suresh K, Gairola S, Jadhav S, Patwardhan B. Quantitative Determination of Protoberberine Alkaloids in Tinospora cordifolia by RP-LC-DAD. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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268
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Maiti M, Kumar GS. Polymorphic nucleic Acid binding of bioactive isoquinoline alkaloids and their role in cancer. J Nucleic Acids 2009; 2010. [PMID: 20814427 PMCID: PMC2915887 DOI: 10.4061/2010/593408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive alkaloids occupy an important position in applied chemistry and play an indispensable role in medicinal chemistry. Amongst them, isoquinoline alkaloids like berberine, palmatine and coralyne of protoberberine group, sanguinarine of the benzophenanthridine group, and their derivatives represent an important class of molecules for their broad range of clinical and pharmacological utility. In view of their extensive occurrence in various plant species and significantly low toxicities, prospective development and use of these alkaloids as effective anticancer agents are matters of great current interest. This review has focused on the interaction of these alkaloids with polymorphic nucleic acid structures (B-form, A-form, Z-form, HL-form, triple helical form, quadruplex form) and their topoisomerase inhibitory activity reported by several research groups using various biophysical techniques like spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, thermal melting, circular dichroism, NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, viscosity, isothermal titration calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, molecular modeling studies, and so forth, to elucidate their mode and mechanism of action for structure-activity relationships. The DNA binding of the planar sanguinarine and coralyne are found to be stronger and thermodynamically more favoured compared to the buckled structure of berberine and palmatine and correlate well with the intercalative mechanism of sanguinarine and coralyne and the partial intercalation by berberine and palmatine. Nucleic acid binding properties are also interpreted in relation to their anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motilal Maiti
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR), Kolkata 700032, India
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269
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Islam MM, Suresh Kumar G. RNA-binding potential of protoberberine alkaloids: spectroscopic and calorimetric studies on the binding of berberine, palmatine, and coralyne to protonated RNA structures. DNA Cell Biol 2009; 28:637-50. [PMID: 19715476 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2009.0930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of the protoberberine alkaloids berberine, palmatine, and coralyne with the two double-stranded RNA homopolymers of cytidine-guanosine (CG) and inosine-cytidine (IC) sequences in the protonated conformation was investigated using various biophysical techniques. All the three alkaloids bound polyC(+)G in a cooperative way. The binding of coralyne to both the polyribonucleotides was stronger than that of berberine and palmatine. Evidence for the intercalative binding of coralyne was revealed from fluorescence quenching studies. Isothermal titration calorimetry results suggested that the binding of berberine to both the polymers and palmatine to polyIC(+) was very weak while that of palmatine and coralyne to polyC(+)G and polyIC(+) was predominantly entropy driven. Circular dichroic results provided evidence for the perturbation of the RNA conformation with the bound coralyne in a more deeply intercalated position compared to berberine and palmatine as revealed by induced circular dichroism peaks. Taken together, the present study suggests that planarity of coralyne results in a more favorable and stronger binding to the double-stranded RNA conformations compared to berberine and palmatine that may potentiate its use in RNA-targeted drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Islam
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Kolkata 700032, India.
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270
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Diculescu V, Enache T, Oliveira P, Oliveira-Brett A. Electrochemical Oxidation of Sanguinarine and of Its Oxidation Products at a Glassy Carbon Electrode - Relevance to Intracellular Effects. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200900367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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271
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Shariatgorji M, Spacil Z, Maddalo G, Cardenas LB, Ilag LL. Matrix-free thin-layer chromatography/laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry for facile separation and identification of medicinal alkaloids. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:3655-3660. [PMID: 19899183 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Quaternary protoberberine alkaloids belong to a pharmaceutically important class of isoquinoline alkaloids associated with bactericidal, fungicidal, insecticidal and antiviral activities. As traditional medicine gains wider acceptance, quick and robust analytical methods for the screening and analysis of plants containing these compounds attract considerable interest. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) is a powerful technique but suffers from dilution of the TLC bands resulting in decreased sensitivity and masking of signals in the low-mass region both due to addition of matrix. This study integrates for the first time conventional silica gel TLC and laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) thus eliminating the need for any external matrix. Successful separation of berberine (R(f) = 0.56) and palmatine (R(f) = 0.46) from Berberis barandana including their identification by MS are demonstrated. Furthermore, a robust electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS method utilizing residual sample from TLC for quantification of berberine applying selected reaction monitoring and standard addition method is presented. The amount of berberine in the plant root prepared for the study was determined to be 0.70% (w/w).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Shariatgorji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 12, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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272
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Mallavadhani U, Sahu G. HPTLC method for quantitative evaluation of preparations containing Indian ‘Elixir’ plant,Tinospora cordifolia, using jatrorrhizine as marker. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2009. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.22.2009.6.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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273
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Total synthesis of 8-oxypseudopalmatine and 8-oxypseudoberberine via ring-closing metathesis. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tang J, Feng Y, Tsao S, Wang N, Curtain R, Wang Y. Berberine and Coptidis rhizoma as novel antineoplastic agents: a review of traditional use and biomedical investigations. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 126:5-17. [PMID: 19686830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Revised: 08/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Coptidis rhizoma (huanglian) and its major component, berberine, have drawn extensive attention toward their antineoplastic effects in the recent years. The antineoplastic effects are related to the Chinese Medicine (CM) properties of huanglian in treating diseases by removing damp-heat and purging fire and counteracting toxicity. AIM OF THE REVIEW To trace the long history of the traditional use of huanglian from folk medicines, especially from Chinese medicine, to recent pharmacological studies of huanglian and berberine, with an emphasis on their antineoplastic effects and the promise as novel antineoplastic agents. METHODS A total of seven databases were extensively searched for literature research. The terms and keywords for searching included huanglian, berberine, Coptis, Coptidis rhizoma, anticancer, anti-invasion, antimatastasis and mechanism. The papers including ours with studies on anticancer and mechanism, pharmacology and toxicology of huanglian and/or berberine were focused. RESULTS In view of traditional use, the anticancer effects of huanglian can be ascribed to its CM trait by removing damp-heat, fire and toxicity. From modern biomedical studies, anticancer effects have been demonstrated in both huanglian and berberine. The underlying molecular mechanisms involve cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis induction and anti-inflammation. Berberine is an essential anticancer compound in huanglian. In some studies, the use of huanglian was shown to be more effective and beneficial than the use of berberine alone. The presence of other protoberberine-type alkaloids in huanglian might give synergistic effects for the anticancer effects. Berberine also demonstrates effects of antiangiogenesis, anti-invasion and anti-metastasis in some cancer cell lines, however, more investigations are required to unravel the underlying mechanisms involved. CONCLUSIONS The modern evidences of treating cancer with huanglian and berberine have a strong linkage with traditional concept and rules of using huanglian in CM practice. As anticancer candidates with low toxicity, berberine and its altered structure, as well as huanglian and its formulae, will attract scientists to pursue the potential anticancer effects and the mechanisms by using technologies of genomics, proteomics and other advanced approaches. On the other hand, relatively few in vivo studies have been conducted on anticancer effects of huanglian and berberine. The clinical application of berberine or huanglian as novel cancer therapeutic agents requires in vivo validations and further investigations of their anticancer mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, PR China
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275
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Deevanhxay P, Suzuki M, Maeshibu N, Li H, Tanaka K, Hirose S. Simultaneous characterization of quaternary alkaloids, 8-oxoprotoberberine alkaloids, and a steroid compound in Coscinium fenestratum by liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 50:413-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 05/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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276
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Cicero AF, Ertek S. Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of berberine: from preclinical evidences to clinical trial results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.09.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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277
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Giri P, Suresh Kumar G. Molecular recognition of poly(A) targeting by protoberberine alkaloids: in vitro biophysical studies and biological perspectives. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2009; 6:81-8. [PMID: 20024069 DOI: 10.1039/b910706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The use of small molecules to specifically control important cellular functions through binding to nucleic acids is an area of major current interest at the interface of chemical biology and medicinal chemistry. The polyadenylic acid [poly(A)] tail of mRNA has been recently established as a potential drug target due to its significant role in the initiation of translation, maturation and stability of mRNA as well as in the production of alternate proteins in eukaryotic cells. Very recently some small molecule alkaloids of the isoquinoline group have been found to bind poly(A) with remarkably high affinity leading to self-structure formation. Plant alkaloids are small molecules known to have important traditional roles in medicinal chemistry due to their extensive biological activity. Especially, noteworthy are the protoberberine alkaloids that are widely distributed in several botanical families exhibiting myriad therapeutic applications. This review focuses on the structural and biological significance of poly(A) and interaction of protoberberine alkaloids with this RNA structure for the development of new small molecule alkaloids targeted to poly(A) structures as futuristic therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabal Giri
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.
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278
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Passeri R, Aloisi GG, Elisei F, Latterini L, Caronna T, Fontana F, Sora IN. Photophysical properties of N-alkylated azahelicene derivatives as DNA intercalators: counterion effects. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2009; 8:1574-82. [PMID: 19862416 DOI: 10.1039/b9pp00015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, three compounds having the same organic moiety (N-methyl-5-azahelicenium salts) but different counterions (I-, NO3- and COOCF3-) have been investigated in buffered aqueous solutions and in the presence of DNA to give information on the counterion effects on the binding. In particular, the absorption spectra, fluorescence quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes in aqueous solution for free organic molecules have been determined by steady-state and time-resolved spectrofluorimetric measurements. The obtained values are compared with those of the chromophores in the presence of increasing concentrations of DNA. The results allow determination of the association constants (K(a)) and the number of base couples per chromophore molecule (n) by means of the McGhee Von Hippel model. The binding parameters are strongly affected by the nature of counterions since the highest K(a) value was determined for the compound having COOCF3-; on the other hand the NO3- derivative is able to interact with the highest number of binding sites. The morphology and structural properties of the DNA-chromophore complexes were investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The data revealed that I- and COOCF3- derivatives preferentially form intercalation complexes, while the NO3- salt is able to form intercalation and grove binding complexes at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Passeri
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centro di Eccellenza Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN), Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
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279
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Lee CS, Yu TC, Luo JW, Cheng YY, Chuang CP. Radical-initiated cyclization as a key step for the synthesis of oxoprotoberberine alkaloids. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.05.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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280
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Winkler A, Puhl M, Weber H, Kutchan TM, Gruber K, Macheroux P. Berberine bridge enzyme catalyzes the six electron oxidation of (S)-reticuline to dehydroscoulerine. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1092-1097. [PMID: 19570558 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2009] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Berberine bridge enzyme catalyzes the stereospecific oxidation and carbon-carbon bond formation of (S)-reticuline to (S)-scoulerine. In addition to this type of reactivity the enzyme can further oxidize (S)-scoulerine to the deeply red protoberberine alkaloid dehydroscoulerine albeit with a much lower rate of conversion. In the course of the four electron oxidation, no dihydroprotoberberine species intermediate was detectable suggesting that the second oxidation step leading to aromatization proceeds at a much faster rate. Performing the reaction in the presence of oxygen and under anoxic conditions did not affect the kinetics of the overall reaction suggesting no strict requirement for oxygen in the oxidation of the unstable dihydroprotoberberine intermediate. In addition to the kinetic characterization of this reaction we also present a structure of the enzyme in complex with the fully oxidized product. Combined with information available for the binding modes of (S)-reticuline and (S)-scoulerine a possible mechanism for the additional oxidation is presented. This is compared to previous reports of enzymes ((S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine oxidase and canadine oxidase) showing a similar type of reactivity in different plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Winkler
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Puhl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Hansjörg Weber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Toni M Kutchan
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, Missouri 63132, USA
| | - Karl Gruber
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/III, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Peter Macheroux
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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281
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Rao GX, Zhang S, Wang HM, Li ZM, Gao S, Xu GL. Antifungal alkaloids from the fresh rattan stem of Fibraurea recisa Pierre. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 123:1-5. [PMID: 19429331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Revised: 02/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The rattan stem of Fibraurea recisa Pierre. is known as an ethno-remedy commonly used for the treatment of various skin diseases by the minority Yao, Zhuang and Miao in Yunnan Province of China. The present study was designated to evaluate its antifungal activity, and to root out the antifungal substances from this ethical herb. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro antifungal assay was performed by agar diffusion test for extracts and fractions. Then, the active fractions were submitted to column chromatography on silica gel and LH-20 to isolate their compounds. And the antifungal activity of pure compounds has been examined by checkerboard microdilution test. Nine Candida strains and one Cryptococcus strain were used for the bioassay. RESULTS The MeOH extract exhibited significant antifungal activity, and the alkaloidal fractions were deduced as main active component. Subsequent studies led to the identification of a new alkaloid fibrecisine (1) and 21 known alkaloids including berberines, tetrahydroberberines and aporphine derivatives. The bioassay result indicated that the berberines showed more potent activity than aporphine derivatives against the test Candida strains, while tetrahydroberberines showed very weak activity against Cryptococcus neoformans. CONCLUSION The new alkaloid fibrecisine (1) was identified as 1,2-methylenedioxy-8-hydroxy-6a(R)-aporphine by detailed spectral analysis. The rattan stem of Fibraurea recisa Pierre. is an effective antifungal herb, and its major active component is alkaloidal compounds. Bioassay tests revealed that the water-soluble berberines are the most important antifungal substances. The study provides preliminary scientific validation for the traditional medicinal use of this ethno-remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Xiong Rao
- Department of Pharmacy, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, 212 Da-Guan Road, Kunming 650032, PR China
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282
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Diculescu V, Enache T, Oliveira P, Oliveira-Brett A. Electrochemical Oxidation of Berberine and of Its Oxidation Products at a Glassy Carbon Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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283
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Islam MM, Chowdhury SR, Kumar GS. Spectroscopic and calorimetric studies on the binding of alkaloids berberine, palmatine and coralyne to double stranded RNA polynucleotides. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:1210-24. [PMID: 19132839 DOI: 10.1021/jp806597w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of two natural protoberberine plant alkaloids berberine and palmatine and a synthetic derivative coralyne to three double stranded ribonucleic acids, poly(A). poly(U), poly(I).poly(C) and poly(C).poly(G) was studied using various biophysical techniques. Absorbance and fluorescence studies showed that the alkaloids bound cooperatively to these RNAs with the binding affinities of the order 10(4) M(-1). Circular dichroic results suggested that the conformation of poly(A). poly(U) was perturbed by all the three alkaloids, that of poly(I).poly(C) by coralyne only and that of poly(C).poly(G) by none. Fluorescence quenching studies gave evidence for partial intercalation of berberine and palmatine and complete intercalation of coralyne to these RNA duplexes. Isothermal titration calorimetric studies revealed that the binding was characterized by negative enthalpy and positive entropy changes and the affinity constants derived were in agreement with the overall binding affinity from spectral data. The binding of all the three alkaloids considerably stabilized the melting of poly(A). poly(U) and poly(I).poly(C) and the binding data evaluated from the melting data were in agreement with that obtained from other techniques. The overall binding affinity of the alkaloids to these double stranded RNAs varied in the order, berberine = palmatine < coralyne. The temperature dependence of the enthalpy changes afforded large negative values of heat capacity changes for the binding of palmatine and coralyne to poly(A).poly(U) and of coralyne to poly(I).poly(C), suggesting substantial hydrophobic contribution in the binding process. Further, enthalpy-entropy compensation was also seen in almost all the systems that showed binding. These results further advance our understanding on the binding of small molecules that are specific binders to double stranded RNA sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Maidul Islam
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Kolkata 700 032, India
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284
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Jung HA, Min BS, Yokozawa T, Lee JH, Kim YS, Choi JS. Anti-Alzheimer and Antioxidant Activities of Coptidis Rhizoma Alkaloids. Biol Pharm Bull 2009; 32:1433-8. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.32.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Jung
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University
| | | | | | - Je-Hyun Lee
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University
| | - Yeong Shik Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University
- Blue-Bio Industry RIC
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285
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Deevanhxay P, Suzuki M, Maeshibu N, Hirose S. Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Protoberberine Alkaloids from Coscinium fenestratum. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2009. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.09we133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phengxay Deevanhxay
- Department of International Development Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of International Development Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Nariaki Maeshibu
- Department of International Development Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Sachio Hirose
- Department of International Development Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
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286
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Grycová L, Hulová D, Maier L, Standara S, Necas M, Lemière F, Kares R, Dostál J, Marek R. Covalent bonding of azoles to quaternary protoberberine alkaloids. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2008; 46:1127-1134. [PMID: 18781707 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Adducts of the quaternary protoberberine alkaloids (QPA) berberine, palmatine, and coptisine were prepared with nucleophiles derived from pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, and 1,2,4-triazole. The products, 8-substituted 7,8-dihydroprotoberberines, were identified by mass spectrometry and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, including (1)H--(15)N shift correlations at natural abundance. In addition, two adducts of QPA with chloroform and methanethiolate were characterized by using NMR data. Single-crystal X-ray structures of 8-pyrrolyl-7,8-dihydroberberine, 8-pyrazolyl-7,8-dihydroberberine, and 8-imidazolyl-7,8-dihydroberberine are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Grycová
- National Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A4, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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287
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Preparation and structural elucidation of (−)-tetrahydroberberine-(+)-2,3-di(p-toluyl) tartaric acid complex. J Mol Struct 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2008.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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288
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Lee GE, Lee HS, Lee SD, Kim JH, Kim WK, Kim YC. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel, substituted 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium P2X7 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:954-8. [PMID: 19110420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Iminium quaternary protoberberine alkaloids (QPA) have been found to be novel P2X(7) antagonists. To assess their structure-activity relationships, these compounds were modified at their R(1) and R(2) groups and assayed for their ability to inhibit the 2'(3')-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)-ATP (BzATP)-induced uptake of fluorescent ethidium by HEK-293 cells stably expressing the human P2X(7) receptor, and their ability to inhibit BzATP-induced IL-1beta release by differentiated THP-1 cells. Compounds 15a and 15d, with alkyl groups at the R(1) position, and especially compound 19h, with the 2-NO(2)-4,5-dimethoxy-benzyl group at the R(2) position, had potent inhibitory efficacy as P2X(7) antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Eun Lee
- Research Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Department of Life Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
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289
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Chaumontet M, Piccardi R, Baudoin O. Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydroisoquinolines by a C(sp3)H Activation/Electrocyclization Strategy: Total Synthesis of Coralydine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 48:179-82. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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290
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Chaumontet M, Piccardi R, Baudoin O. Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydroisoquinolines by a C(sp3)H Activation/Electrocyclization Strategy: Total Synthesis of Coralydine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200804444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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291
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Jung HA, Yoon NY, Bae HJ, Min BS, Choi JS. Inhibitory activities of the alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma against aldose reductase. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 31:1405-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-001-2124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 11/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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292
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Binding of DNA-binding alkaloids berberine and palmatine to tRNA and comparison to ethidium: Spectroscopic and molecular modeling studies. J Mol Struct 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2008.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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293
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Cheng XY, Shi Y, Zheng SL, Jin W, Sun H. Two new protoberberine quaternary alkaloids from Corydalis yanhusuo. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2008; 10:1117-21. [PMID: 19031256 DOI: 10.1080/10286020802410615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Two new protoberberine quaternary alkaloids, 13-methyl-palmatrubine (1) and 13-methyl-dehydrocorydalmine (2), were isolated from the tubers of Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang. 1 was isolated as a natural product for the first time, and 2 a new compound. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence, especially 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Ye Cheng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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294
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Berberine-DNA complexation: new insights into the cooperative binding and energetic aspects. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2008; 1780:1054-61. [PMID: 18549823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Revised: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The equilibrium binding of the cytotoxic plant alkaloid berberine to various DNAs and energetics of the interaction have been studied. At low ratios of bound alkaloid to base pair, the binding exhibited cooperativity to natural DNAs having almost equal proportions of AT and GC sequences. In contrast, the binding was non-cooperative to DNAs with predominantly high AT or GC sequences. Among the synthetic DNAs, cooperative binding was observed with poly(dA).poly(dT) and poly(dG).poly(dC) while non-cooperative binding was seen with poly(dA-dT).poly(dA-dT) and poly(dG-dC).poly(dG-dC). Both cooperative and non-cooperative bindings were remarkably dependent on the salt concentration of the media. Linear plots of ln K(a) versus [Na(+)] for poly(dA).poly(dT) and poly(dA-dT).poly(dA-dT) showed the release of 0.56 and 0.75 sodium ions respectively per bound alkaloid. Isothermal titration calorimetry results revealed the binding to be exothermic and favoured by both enthalpy and entropy changes in all DNAs except the two AT polymers and AT rich DNA, where the same was predominantly entropy driven. Heat capacity values (DeltaCp(o)) of berberine binding to poly(dA).poly(dT), poly(dA-dT).poly(dA-dT), Clostridium perfringens and calf thymus DNA were -98, -140, -120 and -110 cal/mol K respectively. This study presents new insights into the binding dependent base pair heterogeneity in DNA conformation and the first complete thermodynamic profile of berberine binding to DNAs.
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295
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Bhadra K, Maiti M, Kumar GS. Thermodynamics of the binding of cytotoxic protoberberine molecule coralyne to deoxyribonucleic acids. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2008; 1780:298-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2007.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2007] [Revised: 11/14/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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296
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Wu DZ, Yuan JY, Shi HL, Hu ZB. Palmatine, a protoberberine alkaloid, inhibits both Ca(2+)- and cAMP-activated Cl(-) secretion in isolated rat distal colon. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 153:1203-13. [PMID: 18204477 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The protoberberine alkaloid berberine has been reported to inhibit colonic Cl(-) secretion. However, it is not known if other protoberberine alkaloids share these effects. We have therefore selected another protoberberine alkaloid, palmatine, to assess its effects on active ion transport across rat colonic epithelium. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rat colonic mucosa was mounted in Ussing chambers and short circuit current (I (SC)), apical Cl(-) current and basolateral K(+) current were recorded. Intracellular cAMP content was determined by an enzyme immunoassay. Intracellular Ca(2+) concentration was measured with Fura-2 AM. KEY RESULTS Palmatine inhibited carbachol-induced Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) secretion and the carbachol-induced increase of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Palmatine also inhibited cAMP-activated Cl(-) secretion induced by prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) or forskolin. Palmatine prevented the elevation of intracellular cAMP by forskolin. Determination of apical Cl(-) currents showed that palmatine suppressed the forskolin-stimulated, apical cAMP-activated Cl(-) current but not the carbachol-stimulated apical Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) current. Following permeabilization of apical membranes with nystatin, we found that palmatine inhibited a carbachol-stimulated basolateral K(+) current that was sensitive to charybdotoxin and resistant to chromanol 293B. However, the forskolin-stimulated basolateral K(+) current inhibited by palmatine was specifically blocked by chromanol 293B and not by charybdotoxin. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Palmatine attenuated Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) secretion through inhibiting basolateral charybdotoxin-sensitive, SK4 K(+) channels, whereas it inhibited cAMP-activated Cl(-) secretion by inhibiting apical CFTR Cl(-) channels and basolateral chromanol 293B-sensitive, KvLQT1 K(+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Z Wu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, PR China
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297
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Osorio EJ, Robledo SM, Bastida J. Alkaloids with antiprotozoal activity. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2008; 66:113-90. [PMID: 19025098 DOI: 10.1016/s1099-4831(08)00202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edison J Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Química-Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia, A. A. 1226, Medellín, Colombia.
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298
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Nies AT, Herrmann E, Brom M, Keppler D. Vectorial transport of the plant alkaloid berberine by double-transfected cells expressing the human organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1, SLC22A1) and the efflux pump MDR1 P-glycoprotein (ABCB1). Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2007; 376:449-61. [PMID: 18157518 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-007-0219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An important function of hepatocytes is the biliary elimination of endogenous and xenobiotic small molecules, many of which are organic cations. To study this vectorial transport of organic cations, we constructed a double-transfected Madin-Darby canine kidney strain II (MDCKII) cell line permanently expressing the human organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1, SLC22A1) in the basolateral membrane and MDR1 P-glycoprotein (MDR1 P-gp, ABCB1), an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent efflux pump for organic cations, in the apical membrane. Additionally, MDCKII single transfectants stably expressing OCT1, MDR1 P-gp, or human organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2, SLC22A2) were generated. Antisera directed against OCT1 or OCT2 specifically detected OCT1 in the basolateral membrane of human hepatocytes, OCT2 in tubular epithelial cells of human kidney, and the respective recombinant transporter in the basolateral membrane of MDCKII transfectants. We identified the lipophilic organic cation berberine, a fluorescent plant alkaloid exhibiting a broad range of biological activities, as substrate of OCT1 and OCT2 with Michaelis-Menten constants of 14.8 microM and 4.4 microM, respectively. Berberine also inhibited the uptake of the prototypic cations tetraethylammonium and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium by MDCK-OCT1 and MDCK-OCT2 transfectants. When transfected cells were grown polarized on permeable filter supports, berberine was transferred from the basolateral to the apical compartments many times faster by MDCK-OCT1/MDR1 P-gp double transfectants than by MDCK-OCT1 or MDCK-MDR1 P-gp single transfectants. The specific MDR1 P-gp inhibitor, zosuquidar trihydrochloride (LY335979), strongly inhibited berberine efflux into the apical compartment. The MDCK-OCT1/MDR1 P-gp double transfectants may be useful to identify additional cationic substrates and inhibitors of OCT1 and MDR1 P-gp, including drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne T Nies
- Division of Tumor Biochemistry, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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299
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Serafim TL, Oliveira PJ, Sardao VA, Perkins E, Parke D, Holy J. Different concentrations of berberine result in distinct cellular localization patterns and cell cycle effects in a melanoma cell line. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2007; 61:1007-18. [PMID: 17661039 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-007-0558-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Natural products represent a rich reservoir of potential small molecule inhibitors exhibiting antiproliferative and tumoricidal properties. An example is the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine, which is found in plants such as goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis). Studies have shown that berberine is able to trigger apoptosis in different malignant cell lines, and can also lead to cell cycle arrest at sub-apoptotic doses. A particularly interesting feature of berberine is the fact that it is a fluorescent molecule, and its uptake and distribution in cells can be studied by flow cytometry and epifluorescence microscopy. To test the relationships between berberine uptake, distribution and cellular effect in melanoma cells, K1735-M2 mouse and WM793 human melanoma cells were treated with different concentrations of berberine, and alterations in cell cycle progression, DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and cell death measured. METHODS Cell proliferation was measured by sulforhodamine B assays, cell death by flow cytometry, berberine uptake and distribution by laser scanning confocal microscopy and flow cytometry, cell cycle progression by flow cytometry, and DNA synthesis, M-phase, and mitochondrial effects by immunolabeling and epifluorescence microscopy methods. RESULTS In these melanoma cell lines, berberine at low doses (12.5-50 muM) is concentrated in mitochondria and promotes G1 arrest. In contrast, higher doses (over 50 muM) result in cytoplasmic and nuclear berberine accumulation, and G2 arrest. DNA synthesis is not markedly affected by low doses of berberine, but 100 muM is strongly inhibitory. Even at 100 muM, berberine inhibits cell growth with relatively little induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSION Berberine displays multiphasic effects in these malignant cell lines, which are correlated with the concentration and intracellular distribution of this alkaloid. These results help explain some of the conflicting information in the literature regarding the effects of berberine, and suggest that its use in clinical development may be more as a cytostatic agent than a cytotoxic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L Serafim
- Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, P3004-597 Coimbra, Portugal
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300
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Bhadra K, Maiti M, Kumar GS. Molecular recognition of DNA by small molecules: AT base pair specific intercalative binding of cytotoxic plant alkaloid palmatine. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2007; 1770:1071-80. [PMID: 17434677 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2007.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2006] [Revised: 02/27/2007] [Accepted: 03/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The base dependent binding of the cytotoxic alkaloid palmatine to four synthetic polynucleotides, poly(dA).poly(dT), poly(dA-dT).poly(dA-dT), poly(dG).poly(dC) and poly(dG-dC).poly(dG-dC) was examined by competition dialysis, spectrophotometric, spectrofluorimetric, thermal melting, circular dichroic, viscometric and isothermal titration calorimetric (ITC) studies. Binding of the alkaloid to various polynucleotides was dependent upon sequences of base pairs. Binding data obtained from absorbance measurements according to neighbour exclusion model indicated that the intrinsic binding constants decreased in the order poly(dA).poly(dT)>poly(dA-dT).poly(dA-dT)>poly(dG-dC).poly(dG-dC)>poly(dG).poly(dC). This affinity was also revealed by the competition dialysis, increase of steady state fluorescence intensity, increase in fluorescence quantum yield, stabilization against thermal denaturation and perturbations in circular dichroic spectrum. Among the polynucleotides, poly(dA).poly(dT) showed positive cooperativity at binding values lower than r=0.05. Viscosity studies revealed that in the strong binding region, the increase of contour length of DNA depended strongly on the sequence of base pairs being higher for AT polymers and induction of unwinding-rewinding process of covalently closed superhelical DNA. Isothermal titration calorimetric data showed a single entropy driven binding event in the AT homo polymer while that with the hetero polymer involved two binding modes, an entropy driven strong binding followed by an enthalpy driven weak binding. These results unequivocally established that the alkaloid palmatine binds strongly to AT homo and hetero polymers by mechanism of intercalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakali Bhadra
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700 032, India
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