251
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Vemireddy S, M.C. PP, Halmuthur M. SK. Chitosan stabilized nasal emulsion delivery system for effective humoral and cellular response against recombinant tetravalent dengue antigen. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 190:129-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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252
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He L, Sayers EJ, Watson P, Jones AT. Contrasting roles for actin in the cellular uptake of cell penetrating peptide conjugates. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7318. [PMID: 29743505 PMCID: PMC5943252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25600-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased need for macromolecular therapeutics, such as peptides, proteins and nucleotides, to reach intracellular targets necessitates more effective delivery vectors and a higher level of understanding of their mechanism of action. Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) can transport a range of macromolecules into cells, either through direct plasma membrane translocation or endocytosis. All known endocytic pathways involve cell-cortex remodelling, a process shown to be regulated by reorganisation of the actin cytoskeleton. Here using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and a variety of actin inhibitors we identify how actin disorganisation in different cell types differentially influences the cellular entry of three probes: the CPP octaarginine - Alexa488 conjugate (R8-Alexa488), octaarginine conjugated Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP-R8), and the fluid phase probe dextran. Disrupting actin organisation in A431 skin epithelial cells dramatically increases the uptake of EGFP-R8 and dextran, and contrasts strongly to inhibitory effects observed with transferrin and R8 attached to the fluorophore Alexa488. This demonstrates that uptake of the same CPP can occur via different endocytic processes depending on the conjugated fluorescent entity. Overall this study highlights how cargo influences cell uptake of this peptide and that the actin cytoskeleton may act as a gateway or barrier to endocytosis of drug delivery vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L He
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - E J Sayers
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - P Watson
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3AX, UK.
| | - A T Jones
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3NB, UK.
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253
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Owczarek K, Szczepanski A, Milewska A, Baster Z, Rajfur Z, Sarna M, Pyrc K. Early events during human coronavirus OC43 entry to the cell. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7124. [PMID: 29740099 PMCID: PMC5940804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25640-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronaviridae family clusters a number of large RNA viruses, which share several structural and functional features. However, members of this family recognize different cellular receptors and exploit different entry routes, what affects their species specificity and virulence. The aim of this study was to determine how human coronavirus OC43 enters the susceptible cell. Using confocal microscopy and molecular biology tools we visualized early events during infection. We found that the virus employs caveolin-1 dependent endocytosis for the entry and the scission of virus-containing vesicles from the cell surface is dynamin-dependent. Furthermore, the vesicle internalization process requires actin cytoskeleton rearrangements. With our research we strove to broaden the understanding of the infection process, which in future may be beneficial for the development of a potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Owczarek
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Artur Szczepanski
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Milewska
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Baster
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zenon Rajfur
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michal Sarna
- Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pyrc
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
- Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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Abstract
The symmetric tissue and body plans of animals are paradoxically constructed with asymmetric cells. To understand how the yin-yang duality of symmetry and asymmetry are reconciled, we asked whether apical polarity proteins orchestrate the development of the mirror-symmetric zebrafish neural tube by hierarchically modulating apical cell-cell adhesions. We found that apical polarity proteins localize by a pioneer-intermediate-terminal order. Pioneer proteins establish the mirror symmetry of the neural rod by initiating two distinct types of apical adhesions: the parallel apical adhesions (PAAs) cohere cells of parallel orientation and the novel opposing apical adhesions (OAAs) cohere cells of opposing orientation. Subsequently, the intermediate proteins selectively augment the PAAs when the OAAs dissolve by endocytosis. Finally, terminal proteins are required to inflate the neural tube by generating osmotic pressure. Our findings suggest a general mechanism to construct mirror-symmetric tissues: tissue symmetry can be established by organizing asymmetric cells opposingly via adhesions. Apical polarity proteins localize in a pioneer-intermediate-terminal order The orderly localized proteins orchestrate apical adhesion dynamics step by step Apical adhesions assemble asymmetric cells opposingly into a symmetric tissue
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255
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Preferential and Increased Uptake of Hydroxyl-Terminated PAMAM Dendrimers by Activated Microglia in Rabbit Brain Mixed Glial Culture. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051025. [PMID: 29702566 PMCID: PMC6102539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers are multifunctional nanoparticles with tunable physicochemical features, making them promising candidates for targeted drug delivery in the central nervous system (CNS). Systemically administered dendrimers have been shown to localize in activated glial cells, which mediate neuroinflammation in the CNS. These dendrimers delivered drugs specifically to activated microglia, producing significant neurological improvements in multiple brain injury models, including in a neonatal rabbit model of cerebral palsy. To gain further insight into the mechanism of dendrimer cell uptake, we utilized an in vitro model of primary glial cells isolated from newborn rabbits to assess the differences in hydroxyl-terminated generation 4 PAMAM dendrimer (D4-OH) uptake by activated and non-activated glial cells. We used fluorescently-labelled D4-OH (D-Cy5) as a tool for investigating the mechanism of dendrimer uptake. D4-OH PAMAM dendrimer uptake was determined by fluorescence quantification using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Our results indicate that although microglial cells in the mixed cell population demonstrate early uptake of dendrimers in this in vitro system, activated microglia take up more dendrimer compared to resting microglia. Astrocytes showed delayed and limited uptake. We also illustrated the differences in mechanism of uptake between resting and activated microglia using different pathway inhibitors. Both resting and activated microglia primarily employed endocytotic pathways, which are enhanced in activated microglial cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that hydroxyl terminated dendrimers are taken up by primary microglia using other mechanisms including pinocytosis, caveolae, and aquaporin channels for dendrimer uptake.
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256
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Popēna I, Ābols A, Saulīte L, Pleiko K, Zandberga E, Jēkabsons K, Endzeliņš E, Llorente A, Linē A, Riekstiņa U. Effect of colorectal cancer-derived extracellular vesicles on the immunophenotype and cytokine secretion profile of monocytes and macrophages. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:17. [PMID: 29690889 PMCID: PMC5937830 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0229-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophages are one of the most important players in the tumor microenvironment. The polarization status of tumor associated macrophages into a pro-inflammatory type M1 or anti-inflammatory type M2 may influence cancer progression and patient survival. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles containing different biomolecules that are involved in cell to cell signal transfer. Accumulating evidence suggests that cancer-derived EVs are taken up by macrophages and modulate their phenotype and cytokine profile. However, the interactions of cancer-derived EVs with monocytes and macrophages at various differentiation and polarization states are poorly understood. In the current study, we have analyzed the uptake and functional effects of primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) isogenic colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line-derived EVs on monocytes (M), inactive macrophages (M0) and M1 and M2 polarized macrophages. Methods THP-1 monocytes were differentiated into M0 macrophages by addition of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. Then M0 macrophages were further polarized into M1 and M2 macrophages in the presence of LPS, IFN- γ, IL-4, and IL-13 respectively. Internalization of SW480 and SW620-derived EVs was analyzed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Changes in monocyte and macrophage immunophenotype and secretory profile upon EV exposure were analyzed by flow cytometry, quantitative PCR and Luminex assays. Results THP-1 monocytes and M0 macrophages efficiently take up SW480 and SW620-derived EVs, and our results indicate that dynamin-dependent endocytic pathways may be implicated. Interestingly, SW480 and SW620-derived EVs increased CD14 expression in M0 macrophages whereas SW480-derived EVs decreased HLA-DR expression in M1 and M2 polarized macrophages. Moreover, SW480-derived EVs significantly increased CXCL10 expression in monocytes and M0 macrophages. In contrast, SW620-derived EVs induced secretion of IL-6, CXCL10, IL-23 and IL-10 in M0 macrophages. However, addition of CRC cell line-derived EVs together with LPS, IFN- γ (M1) and IL-4, IL-13 (M2) stimuli during macrophage polarization had no additional effect on cytokine expression in M1 and M2 macrophages. Conclusion Our results suggest that CRC cell line-derived EVs are internalized and reprogram the immunophenotype and secretory profile in monocytes and inactive macrophages inducing mixed M1 and M2 cytokine response. Although CRC EVs decreased HLA-DR expression in M1, M2 polarized macrophages, their effect on the secretory profile of M1 and M2 polarized macrophages was negligible. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0229-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ineta Popēna
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina blvd. 19, Riga, LV-1568, Latvia
| | - Artūrs Ābols
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Līga Saulīte
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina blvd. 19, Riga, LV-1568, Latvia
| | - Kārlis Pleiko
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina blvd. 19, Riga, LV-1568, Latvia
| | - Elīna Zandberga
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Jēkabsons
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina blvd. 19, Riga, LV-1568, Latvia
| | - Edgars Endzeliņš
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aija Linē
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Una Riekstiņa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina blvd. 19, Riga, LV-1568, Latvia.
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257
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Fang C, Li T, Li Y, Xu GJ, Deng QW, Chen YJ, Hou YN, Lee HC, Zhao YJ. CD38 produces nicotinic acid adenosine dinucleotide phosphate in the lysosome. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:8151-8160. [PMID: 29632067 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acid adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a Ca2+-mobilizing second messenger that regulates a wide range of biological activities. However, the mechanism of its biogenesis remains controversial. CD38 is the only enzyme known to catalyze NAADP synthesis from NADP and nicotinic acid. CD38-mediated catalysis requires an acidic pH, suggesting that NAADP may be produced in acidic endolysosomes, but this hypothesis is untested. In this study, using human cell lines, we specifically directed CD38 to the endolysosomal system and assessed cellular NAADP production. First, we found that nanobodies targeting various epitopes on the C-terminal domain of CD38 could bind to cell surface-localized CD38 and induce its endocytosis. We also found that CD38 internalization occurred via a clathrin-dependent pathway, delivered CD38 to the endolysosome, and elevated intracellular NAADP levels. We also created a CD38 variant for lysosome-specific expression, which not only withstood the degradative environment in the lysosome, but was also much more active than WT CD38 in elevating cellular NAADP levels. Supplementing CD38-expressing cells with nicotinic acid substantially increased cellular NAADP levels. These results demonstrate that endolysosomal CD38 can produce NAADP in human cells. They further suggest that CD38's compartmentalization to the lysosome may allow for its regulation via substrate access, rather than enzyme activation, thereby providing a reliable mechanism for regulating cellular NAADP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ting Li
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ying Li
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guan Jie Xu
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qi Wen Deng
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ya Jie Chen
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun Nan Hou
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hon Cheung Lee
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yong Juan Zhao
- Laboratory of Cytophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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258
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Zhao H, Wang S, Liu C, Han J, Tang J, Zhou L, Ge X, Guo X, Yang H. The pUL56 of pseudorabies virus variant induces downregulation of swine leukocyte antigen class I molecules through the lysosome pathway. Virus Res 2018; 251:56-67. [PMID: 29634995 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the causative agent of pseudorabies (PR) which causes large economic losses for Chinese swine industry since breaking out in late 2011. As a member of herpesviruses, PRV is able to escape the host immune elimination and establish latency, resulting in persistent infection. Here, we report that a currently prevalent Chinese PRV variant down-regulated swine leukocyte antigen class I (SLA-I) molecules on the surface of PK-15 cells and targeted them for degradation through lysosome pathway. Viral pUL56 protein, independent of other viral proteins, was associated with this function by inducing degradation of cellular SLA-I heavy chain (HC) in a manner that was dependent on the lysosome machinery. In addition, pUL56 interacted with SLA-I HC and increased its ubiquitination. Further studies demonstrated that the late domains (PPXY motifs) of pUL56 were required for the ubiquitination and degradation of SLA-I HC by pUL56. Together, our findings reveal the mechanisms by which PRV interferes with cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses and provide novel insights into the roles of PRV pUL56.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinna Ge
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hanchun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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259
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Parthasarathy G, Philipp MT. Intracellular TLR7 is activated in human oligodendrocytes in response to Borrelia burgdorferi exposure. Neurosci Lett 2018; 671:38-42. [PMID: 29408631 PMCID: PMC5889718 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lyme neuroborreliosis, caused by the gram-negative bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, may affect the central and/or peripheral nervous systems. In previous studies, we showed that human oligodendrocytes exposed to the bacteria undergo apoptosis in an inflammatory environment, and that inflammatory pathways trigger cell-death pathways. We further demonstrated that several receptor tyrosine kinases were involved in triggering downstream effects, leading to inflammation and apoptosis. Toll-like receptors TLR2 and TLR5, which are commonly studied receptors in Lyme disease, only had a minimal role in inflammatory processes. To delineate the role of other TLRs, if any, real-time RT-PCR array experiments were carried out as an initial screen. Along with several inflammatory genes, TLR7 mRNA was upregulated in cells exposed to B. burgdorferi. Further analysis by immunohistochemistry showed that the TLR7 protein is present in readily detectable amounts, although no discernible differences could be seen between medium and B. burgdorferi-exposed cells by this technique. Nevertheless, use of specific inhibitors and siRNA showed that TLR7 is involved in inducing IL-6 and CCL2 in a dose dependent manner, and likely CXCL8. Triggering an intracellular receptor such as TLR7, which senses RNA, in typically non-phagocytic oligodendrocytes indicates either a niche for the bacterium inside the cell or novel uptake of nucleic acids to initiate inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Parthasarathy
- Division of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703, Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA.
| | - Mario T Philipp
- Division of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703, Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA.
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260
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Bian J, Zhang S, Yi M, Yue M, Liu H. The mechanisms behind decreased internalization of angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 103-105:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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261
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Astrada S, Fernández Massó JR, Vallespí MG, Bollati-Fogolín M. Cell Penetrating Capacity and Internalization Mechanisms Used by the Synthetic Peptide CIGB-552 and Its Relationship with Tumor Cell Line Sensitivity. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040801. [PMID: 29601540 PMCID: PMC6017325 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
CIGB-552 is a twenty-amino-acid novel synthetic peptide that has proven to be effective in reducing tumor size and increasing lifespan in tumor-bearing mice. Such capability is conferred by its cell-penetrating peptide character, which allows it to enter cells and elicit a pro-apoptotic effect through its major mediator, COMMD1 protein. Cell-penetrating peptides are able to use different internalization mechanisms, such as endocytosis or direct transduction through the plasma membrane. Although CIGB-552 cytotoxicity has been evaluated in several non-tumor- and tumor-derived cell lines, no data regarding the relationship between cell line sensitivity, cell penetrating capacity, the internalization mechanisms involved, COMMD1 expression levels, or its subcellular localization has yet been produced. Here, we present the results obtained from a comparative analysis of CIGB-552 sensitivity, internalization capacity and the mechanisms involved in three human tumor-derived cell lines from different origins: mammary gland, colon and lung (MCF-7, HT-29 and H460, respectively). Furthermore, cell surface markers relevant for internalization processes such as phosphatidylserine, as well as CIGB-552 target COMMD1 expression/localization, were also evaluated. We found that both endocytosis and transduction are involved in CIGB-552 internalization in the three cell lines evaluated. However, CIGB-552 incorporation efficiency and contribution of each mechanism is cell-line dependent. Finally, sensitivity was directly correlated with high internalization capacity in those cell lines where endocytosis had a major contribution on CIGB-552 internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Astrada
- Cell Biology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Julio Raúl Fernández Massó
- Department of Genomic, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cubanacan, P.O. Box 6162, Havana 10600, Cuba.
| | - Maribel G Vallespí
- Pharmaceutical Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cubanacan, P.O. Box 6162, Havana 10600, Cuba.
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262
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Feng G, Mao D, Liu J, Goh CC, Ng LG, Kong D, Tang BZ, Liu B. Polymeric nanorods with aggregation-induced emission characteristics for enhanced cancer targeting and imaging. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:5869-5874. [PMID: 29560485 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09196f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nanorods loaded with AIEgens are synthesized via nano-precipitation under ultrasound sonication, where prolonged sonication time could induce a nanodot-to-nanorod transition. These AIE nanorods, but not the nanodots, could be selectively internalized into cancer cells, which show better tumor accumulation, higher tumor penetration and more efficient in vivo cancer cell uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxue Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Duo Mao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Chi Ching Goh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Deling Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials. Ministry of Education and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore.
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263
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Zhao M, Zhao M, Fu C, Yu Y, Fu A. Targeted therapy of intracranial glioma model mice with curcumin nanoliposomes. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:1601-1610. [PMID: 29588587 PMCID: PMC5858816 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s157019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most aggressive and lethal brain tumor in humans, it comprises about 30 per cent of all brain tumors and central nervous system tumors. Purpose The objective of this study was to create novel brain-targeting nanoliposomes to encapsulate curcumin as a promising option for glioma therapy. Patients and methods Human glioma cells (U251MG) were used to determine cell uptake efficiency and possible internalization mechanism of the curcumin-loaded nanoliposomes modified by a brain-targeting peptide RDP. In addition, intracranial glioma mice model was prepared by transplantation of U251MG cells into the mice striatum, and then the liposomes were intravenously administered into the glioma-bearing mice to evaluate the anti-glioma activity. Results RDP-modified liposomes (RCL) could enter the brain and glioma region, and were internalized by the glioma cells perhaps through acetylcholine receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway. Furthermore, the RCL prolonged the survival time of the glioma-bearing mice from 23 to 33 days, and the inhibition mechanism of the RCL on glioma cell was partly due to cell cycle arrest at the S phase and induction of cell apoptosis. Conclusion This study would provide a potential approach for targeted delivery of drug-loaded liposomes for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ailing Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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264
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Saito-Diaz K, Benchabane H, Tiwari A, Tian A, Li B, Thompson JJ, Hyde AS, Sawyer LM, Jodoin JN, Santos E, Lee LA, Coffey RJ, Beauchamp RD, Williams CS, Kenworthy AK, Robbins DJ, Ahmed Y, Lee E. APC Inhibits Ligand-Independent Wnt Signaling by the Clathrin Endocytic Pathway. Dev Cell 2018; 44:566-581.e8. [PMID: 29533772 PMCID: PMC5884143 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutations cause Wnt pathway activation in human cancers. Current models for APC action emphasize its role in promoting β-catenin degradation downstream of Wnt receptors. Unexpectedly, we find that blocking Wnt receptor activity in APC-deficient cells inhibits Wnt signaling independently of Wnt ligand. We also show that inducible loss of APC is rapidly followed by Wnt receptor activation and increased β-catenin levels. In contrast, APC2 loss does not promote receptor activation. We show that APC exists in a complex with clathrin and that Wnt pathway activation in APC-deficient cells requires clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Finally, we demonstrate conservation of this mechanism in Drosophila intestinal stem cells. We propose a model in which APC and APC2 function to promote β-catenin degradation, and APC also acts as a molecular "gatekeeper" to block receptor activation via the clathrin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyi Saito-Diaz
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hassina Benchabane
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Ajit Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ai Tian
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Joshua J Thompson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Annastasia S Hyde
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Leah M Sawyer
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jeanne N Jodoin
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Eduardo Santos
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Laura A Lee
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - R Daniel Beauchamp
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Christopher S Williams
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Anne K Kenworthy
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - David J Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yashi Ahmed
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| | - Ethan Lee
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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265
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Boehringer S, Ruzgys P, Tamò L, Šatkauskas S, Geiser T, Gazdhar A, Hradetzky D. A new electrospray method for targeted gene delivery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4031. [PMID: 29507307 PMCID: PMC5838090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A challenge for gene therapy is absence of safe and efficient local delivery of therapeutic genetic material. An efficient and reproducible physical method of electrospray for localized and targeted gene delivery is presented. Electrospray works on the principle of coulombs repulsion, under influence of electric field the liquid carrying genetic material is dispersed into micro droplets and is accelerated towards the targeted tissue, acting as a counter electrode. The accelerated droplets penetrate the targeted cells thus facilitating the transfer of genetic material into the cell. The work described here presents the principle of electrospray for gene delivery, the basic instrument design, and the various optimized parameters to enhance gene transfer in vitro. We estimate a transfection efficiency of up to 60% was achieved. We describe an efficient gene transfer method and a potential electrospray-mediated gene transfer mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Boehringer
- Institute for Medical and Analytical Technologies, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Paulius Ruzgys
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Biophysical Research Group, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Luca Tamò
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Saulius Šatkauskas
- Biophysical Research Group, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Thomas Geiser
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amiq Gazdhar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - David Hradetzky
- Institute for Medical and Analytical Technologies, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland.
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266
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Bai M, Vozdek R, Hnízda A, Jiang C, Wang B, Kuchar L, Li T, Zhang Y, Wood C, Feng L, Dang Y, Ma DK. Conserved roles of C. elegans and human MANFs in sulfatide binding and cytoprotection. Nat Commun 2018; 9:897. [PMID: 29497057 PMCID: PMC5832864 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein that can be secreted and protects dopamine neurons and cardiomyocytes from ER stress and apoptosis. The mechanism of action of extracellular MANF has long been elusive. From a genetic screen for mutants with abnormal ER stress response, we identified the gene Y54G2A.23 as the evolutionarily conserved C. elegans MANF orthologue. We find that MANF binds to the lipid sulfatide, also known as 3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide present in serum and outer-cell membrane leaflets, directly in isolated forms and in reconstituted lipid micelles. Sulfatide binding promotes cellular MANF uptake and cytoprotection from hypoxia-induced cell death. Heightened ER stress responses of MANF-null C. elegans mutants and mammalian cells are alleviated by human MANF in a sulfatide-dependent manner. Our results demonstrate conserved roles of MANF in sulfatide binding and ER stress response, supporting sulfatide as a long-sought lipid mediator of MANF's cytoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Bai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Roman Vozdek
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Aleš Hnízda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Chenxiao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bingying Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Ladislav Kuchar
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, 12808, Czech Republic
| | - Tiejun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuefan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chase Wood
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Liang Feng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yongjun Dang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dengke K Ma
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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267
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Alshehri A, Grabowska A, Stolnik S. Pathways of cellular internalisation of liposomes delivered siRNA and effects on siRNA engagement with target mRNA and silencing in cancer cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3748. [PMID: 29491352 PMCID: PMC5830644 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Design of an efficient delivery system is a generally recognised bottleneck in translation of siRNA technology into clinic. Despite research efforts, cellular processes that determine efficiency of siRNA silencing achieved by different delivery formulations remain unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanism(s) of cellular internalisation of a model siRNA-loaded liposome system in a correlation to the engagement of delivered siRNA with its target and consequent silencing by adopting siRNA molecular beacon technology. Probing of cellular internalisation pathways by a panel of pharmacological inhibitors indicated that clathrin-mediated (dynamin-dependent) endocytosis, macropinocytosis (dynamine independent), and cell membrane cholesterol dependent process(es) (clathrin and caveolea-independent) all play a role in the siRNA-liposomes internalization. The inhibition of either of these entry routes was, in general, mirrored by a reduction in the level of siRNA engagement with its target mRNA, as well as in a reduction of the target gene silencing. A dramatic increase in siRNA engagement with its target RNA was observed on disruption of endosomal membrane (by chloroquine), accompanied with an increased silencing. The work thus illustrates that employing molecular beacon siRNA technology one can start to assess the target RNA engagement - a stage between initial cellular internalization and final gene silencing of siRNA delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alshehri
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Anna Grabowska
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Snow Stolnik
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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268
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Hayes BME, Bleackley MR, Anderson MA, van der Weerden NL. The Plant Defensin NaD1 Enters the Cytoplasm of Candida Albicans via Endocytosis. J Fungi (Basel) 2018; 4:jof4010020. [PMID: 29415460 PMCID: PMC5872323 DOI: 10.3390/jof4010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are widespread in nature and are produced by many organisms as a first line of defence against pathogens. These peptides have a broad range of biological activities, such as antibacterial or antifungal activities and act with varied mechanisms of action. A large number of the peptides are amphipathic α-helices which act by disrupting plasma membranes and allowing leakage of intracellular contents. However, some peptides have more complex mechanisms of action that require internalisation into the target organisms’ cytoplasm. The method by which these peptides enter the cytoplasm varies, with some requiring the energy dependent processes of endocytosis or polyamine transport and others entering via passive transport. Here we describe the mechanism that the antimicrobial peptide, the plant defensin NaD1, uses to transverse the fungal membrane and gain access to the fungal cytoplasm. By inhibiting ATP synthesis and using an inhibitor of actin polymerisation, we show that NaD1 is internalised into C. albicans yeast cells by the energy-dependent process of endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte M E Hayes
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, 3086 Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Mark R Bleackley
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, 3086 Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Marilyn A Anderson
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, 3086 Melbourne, Australia.
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269
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Zhang JF, Xiong HL, Cao JL, Wang SJ, Guo XR, Lin BY, Zhang Y, Zhao JH, Wang YB, Zhang TY, Yuan Q, Zhang J, Xia NS. A cell-penetrating whole molecule antibody targeting intracellular HBx suppresses hepatitis B virus via TRIM21-dependent pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:549-562. [PMID: 29290826 PMCID: PMC5743566 DOI: 10.7150/thno.20047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) mostly targeting extracellular or cell surface molecules have been widely used in the treatment of various diseases. However, mAbs cannot pass through the cell membrane as efficiently as small compounds, thus limiting their use against intracellular targets. Methods to shuttle antibodies into living cells may largely expand research and application in areas based on mAbs. Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) is an important intracellular multi-functional viral protein in the life cycle of hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBx plays essential roles in virus infection and replication and is strongly associated with HBV-related carcinogenesis. Methods: In this study, we developed a cell-penetrating whole molecule antibody targeting HBx (9D11-Tat) by the fusion of a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) on the C-terminus of the heavy chain of a potent mAb specific to HBx (9D11). The anti-HBV effect and mechanism of 9D11-Tat were investigated in cell and mouse models mimicking chronic HBV infection. Results: Our results demonstrated that the recombinant 9D11-Tat antibody could efficiently internalize into living cells and significantly suppress viral transcription, replication, and protein production both in vitro and in vivo. Further analyses suggested the internalized 9D11-Tat antibody could greatly reduce intracellular HBx via Fc binding receptor TRIM21-mediated protein degradation. This process simultaneously stimulated the activations of NF-κB, AP-1, and IFN-β, which promoted an antiviral state of the host cell. Conclusion: In summary, our study offers a new approach to target intracellular pathogenesis-related protein by engineered cell-penetrating mAb expanding their potential for therapeutic applications. Moreover, the 9D11-Tat antibody may provide a novel therapeutic agent against human chronic HBV infection.
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270
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Harasztosi C, Klenske E, Badum S, Harasztosi E, Gummer AW. Double fluorescent labelling of a bipolar epithelial cell in vitro: The outer hair cell. J Neurosci Methods 2018; 293:310-320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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271
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Li Z, Wang X, Teng D, Mao R, Hao Y, Yang N, Chen H, Wang X, Wang J. Improved antibacterial activity of a marine peptide-N2 against intracellular Salmonella typhimurium by conjugating with cell-penetrating peptides-bLFcin 6/Tat 11. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 145:263-272. [PMID: 29329001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Salmonellae, gram-negative bacteria, are facultative intracellular pathogens that cause a number of diseases in animals and humans. The poor penetration ability of antimicrobial agents limits their use in the treatment of intracellular bacterial infections. In this study, the cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) bLFcin6 and Tat11 were separately conjugated to the antimicrobial peptide N2, and the antibacterial activity and pharmacodynamics of the CPPs-N2 conjugates were first evaluated against Salmonellae typhimurium in vitro and in macrophage cells. The cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and mechanism of cellular internalization of the CPPs-N2 conjugates were also examined in RAW264.7 cells. Similar to N2, CPPs-N2 have two reverse β-sheets and three loops. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CPPs-N2 was approximately 2 μM, which was higher than that of N2 (0.8 μM). The dose-time curves and cytotoxicity assay showed that both peptide conjugates were more effective than N2 alone at concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 1 × MIC, and they exhibited low cytotoxicity (9.78%-13.54%) at 100 μM. After 0.5 h incubation, the cell internalization ratio of B6N2 and T11N2 exceeded 28.3% and 93.5%, respectively, which was higher than that of N2. The uptake of B6N2 and T11N2 was reduced by low temperature (82.1%-91.7%), chlorpromazine (35.7%-75.1%), and amiloride (26.0%-52.1%), indicating that macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis may be involved. Approximately 98.85% and 91.35% of bacteria were killed within 3 h by T11N2 and B6N2, respectively, which was higher than the percentage killed by N2 (69.74%). Compared with the bactericidal activity of N2 alone, the bactericidal activity of T11N2 and B6N2 was increased by 53.7%-99.6% and 85.3-85.8%, respectively. Both CPPs-N2 conjugates may be excellent candidates for novel antimicrobial agents to treat infectious diseases caused by intracellular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanzhan Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Teng
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Hao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
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272
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Phagocytosis of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) in Macrophages Induces Cell Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8419035. [PMID: 29430285 PMCID: PMC5752849 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8419035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are the products of a series of nonenzymatic modifications of proteins by reducing sugars. AGEs play a pivotal role in development of diabetic complications and atherosclerosis. Accumulation of AGEs in a vessel wall may contribute to the development of vascular lesions. Although AGEs have a diverse range of bioactivities, the clearance process of AGEs from the extracellular space, including the incorporation of AGEs into specific cells, subcellular localization, and the fate of AGEs, remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the kinetics of the uptake of AGEs by mouse macrophage J774.1 cells in vitro and characterized the process. We demonstrated that AGEs bound to the surface of the cells and were also incorporated into the cytoplasm. The temperature- and time-dependent uptake of AGEs was saturable with AGE concentration and was inhibited by cytochalasin D but not chlorpromazine. We also observed the granule-like appearance of AGE immunoreactivity in subcellular localizations in macrophages. Higher concentrations of AGEs induced intracellular ROS and 4-HNE, which were associated with activation of the NF-κB pathway and caspase-3. These results suggest that incorporation of AGEs occurred actively by endocytosis in macrophages, leading to apoptosis of these cells through NF-κB activation.
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273
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de la Puente P, Luderer MJ, Federico C, Jin A, Gilson RC, Egbulefu C, Alhallak K, Shah S, Muz B, Sun J, King J, Kohnen D, Salama NN, Achilefu S, Vij R, Azab AK. Enhancing proteasome-inhibitory activity and specificity of bortezomib by CD38 targeted nanoparticles in multiple myeloma. J Control Release 2017; 270:158-176. [PMID: 29196043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of more effective treatments that can circumvent chemoresistance in Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a priority. Although bortezomib (BTZ) is one of the most potent proteasome inhibitors available, still possesses limitations related to dose limiting side effects. Several strategies have been developed to improve the delivery of chemotherapies to MM by targeting different moieties expressed on MM cells to nanoparticle delivery systems (NPs), which have failed mainly due to their heterogeneous expression on these cells. Our goal was to test CD38 targeted chitosan NPs as novel targeting moiety for MM to improve the potency and efficacy of BTZ in MM cells and reduce the side effects in healthy tissue. We have showed preferential BTZ release in tumor-microenvironment, specific binding to MM cells, and an improved drug cellular uptake through BTZ diffusion from the surface and endocytosed NPs, which translated in enhanced proteasome inhibition and robust cytotoxic effect on MM cells when BTZ was administered through anti-CD38 chitosan NPs. Furthermore, the anti-CD38 chitosan NPs specifically delivered therapeutic agents to MM cells improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects in vivo. The anti-CD38 chitosan NPs showed low toxicity profile allowing enhancement of proteasome-inhibitory activity and specificity of BTZ by endocytosis-mediated uptake of CD38 representing a promising therapy in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar de la Puente
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, MO, USA
| | - Micah J Luderer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, MO, USA
| | - Cinzia Federico
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, MO, USA
| | - Abbey Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, MO, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, MO, USA
| | - Rebecca C Gilson
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, MO, USA
| | - Christopher Egbulefu
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, MO, USA
| | - Kinan Alhallak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, MO, USA
| | - Shruti Shah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, MO, USA
| | - Barbara Muz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, MO, USA
| | - Justin King
- Section of Stem Cell Transplant and Leukemia, Division of Medical Oncology, USA
| | - Daniel Kohnen
- Section of Stem Cell Transplant and Leukemia, Division of Medical Oncology, USA
| | - Noha Nabil Salama
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, MO, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Cairo University Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, MO, USA
| | - Ravi Vij
- Section of Stem Cell Transplant and Leukemia, Division of Medical Oncology, USA
| | - Abdel Kareem Azab
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, MO, USA.
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274
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Liu P, Weinreb V, Ridilla M, Betts L, Patel P, de Silva AM, Thompson NL, Jacobson K. Rapid, directed transport of DC-SIGN clusters in the plasma membrane. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:eaao1616. [PMID: 29134199 PMCID: PMC5677337 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao1616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins, including dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), are all-purpose pathogen receptors that exist in nanoclusters in plasma membranes of dendritic cells. A small fraction of these clusters, obvious from the videos, can undergo rapid, directed transport in the plane of the plasma membrane at average speeds of more than 1 μm/s in both dendritic cells and MX DC-SIGN murine fibroblasts ectopically expressing DC-SIGN. Surprisingly, instantaneous speeds can be considerably greater. In MX DC-SIGN cells, many cluster trajectories are colinear with microtubules that reside close to the ventral membrane, and the microtubule-depolymerizing drug, nocodazole, markedly reduced the areal density of directed movement trajectories, suggesting a microtubule motor-driven transport mechanism; by contrast, latrunculin A, which affects the actin network, did not depress this movement. Rapid, retrograde movement of DC-SIGN may be an efficient mechanism for bringing bound pathogen on the leading edge and projections of dendritic cells to the perinuclear region for internalization and processing. Dengue virus bound to DC-SIGN on dendritic projections was rapidly transported toward the cell center. The existence of this movement within the plasma membrane points to an unexpected lateral transport mechanism in mammalian cells and challenges our current concepts of cortex-membrane interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Violetta Weinreb
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Marc Ridilla
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Laurie Betts
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Pratik Patel
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Aravinda M. de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nancy L. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ken Jacobson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Corresponding author.
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275
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Lokau J, Agthe M, Flynn CM, Garbers C. Proteolytic control of Interleukin-11 and Interleukin-6 biology. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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276
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Vergote V, Laenen L, Vanmechelen B, Van Ranst M, Verbeken E, Hooper JW, Maes P. A lethal disease model for New World hantaviruses using immunosuppressed Syrian hamsters. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0006042. [PMID: 29077702 PMCID: PMC5678717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hantavirus, the hemorrhagic causative agent of two clinical diseases, is found worldwide with variation in severity, incidence and mortality. The most lethal hantaviruses are found on the American continent where the most prevalent viruses like Andes virus and Sin Nombre virus are known to cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. New World hantavirus infection of immunocompetent hamsters results in an asymptomatic infection except for Andes virus and Maporal virus; the only hantaviruses causing a lethal disease in immunocompetent Syrian hamsters mimicking hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in humans. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Hamsters, immunosuppressed with dexamethasone and cyclophosphamide, were infected intramuscularly with different New World hantavirus strains (Bayou virus, Black Creek Canal virus, Caño Delgadito virus, Choclo virus, Laguna Negra virus, and Maporal virus). In the present study, we show that immunosuppression of hamsters followed by infection with a New World hantavirus results in an acute disease that precisely mimics both hantavirus disease in humans and Andes virus infection of hamsters. CONCLUSIONS/ SIGNIFICANCE Infected hamsters showed specific clinical signs of disease and moreover, histological analysis of lung tissue showed signs of pulmonary edema and inflammation within alveolar septa. In this study, we were able to infect immunosuppressed hamsters with different New World hantaviruses reaching a lethal outcome with signs of disease mimicking human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentijn Vergote
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Zoonotic Infectious Diseases unit, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lies Laenen
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Zoonotic Infectious Diseases unit, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Vanmechelen
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Zoonotic Infectious Diseases unit, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Van Ranst
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Zoonotic Infectious Diseases unit, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik Verbeken
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jay W. Hooper
- Department of Molecular Virology, Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, United States
| | - Piet Maes
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Zoonotic Infectious Diseases unit, Leuven, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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277
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Gagat M, Zielińska W, Grzanka A. Cell-penetrating peptides and their utility in genome function modifications (Review). Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1615-1623. [PMID: 29039455 PMCID: PMC5716439 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
For almost 30 years, studies have confirmed the effectiveness of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) in the facilitation of the intracellular delivery of various cargo molecules, including RNA, DNA, plasmids, proteins or nanoparticles, under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The cellular uptake of CPPs occurs via energy-dependent, as well as -independent mechanisms. In this relatively new direction of research, studies have attempted to introduce genome modification systems into cells by CPPs. Cellular uptake of CPPs carrying either covalently bound or electrostatically conjugated cargo, has several advantages over viral delivery systems, as it does not lead to any significant cytotoxicity or immunogenicity, and simultaneously it is more efficient than other non-viral systems. So far, CPPs have been successfully used to introduce Cre recombinase, zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats systems into cells. The present article systematically reviewed the information obtained from studies on CPPs and assessed their utility with regard to their effectiveness and safety of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Gagat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Pl-85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Wioletta Zielińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Pl-85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alina Grzanka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Pl-85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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278
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Garcia MD, Formoso K, Aparicio GI, Frasch ACC, Scorticati C. The Membrane Glycoprotein M6a Endocytic/Recycling Pathway Involves Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis and Affects Neuronal Synapses. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:296. [PMID: 28979185 PMCID: PMC5611492 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Single point mutations or variations in the expression of the gene encoding the neuronal glycoprotein M6a have been associated with psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, depression and schizophrenia. In cultured neurons, M6a positively contributes to neurite extension, axon guidance, filopodia/spine outgrowth, and synapse formation. The endocytic processes of neuronal membrane proteins are linked to the differentiation, growth, signaling and plasticity of neurons. However, the roles of M6a and the precise mechanisms through which M6a internalizes and recycles back to the neuronal membrane are unknown. Here, by using a controlled in vitro assay, we showed that if 30–40% of M6a is endocytosed, the number of synapses in hippocampal neurons decreases. When re-establishing the levels of M6a at the cell surface, the number of synapses returned to normal values. M6a internalization involves clathrin-coated pits, probably by association between the adaptor protein 2 and the 251YEDI254 “tyrosine-based” motif located within the C-tail of M6a. Upon endocytosis, M6a is sorted to early endosome antigen 1- and Rab5-positive endosomes and then sorted back to the cell surface via Rab11-positive endosomes or to degradation via Rab7 and, finally LAMP-1-positive endosomes. Our results demonstrated that the levels of M6a at the cell surface modified the formation/maintenance of synapses, without altering the protein levels of synaptophysin or N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor type-1. This novel mechanism might be relevant during neuronal development, pruning and/or many of the neurological disorders in which the number of synapses is affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela D Garcia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karina Formoso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Católica ArgentinaBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela I Aparicio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alberto C C Frasch
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Camila Scorticati
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
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279
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Lee JH, Mandakhbayar N, El-Fiqi A, Kim HW. Intracellular co-delivery of Sr ion and phenamil drug through mesoporous bioglass nanocarriers synergizes BMP signaling and tissue mineralization. Acta Biomater 2017; 60:93-108. [PMID: 28713017 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inducing differentiation and maturation of resident multipotent stem cells (MSCs) is an important strategy to regenerate hard tissues in mal-calcification conditions. Here we explore a co-delivery approach of therapeutic molecules comprised of ion and drug through a mesoporous bioglass nanoparticle (MBN) for this purpose. Recently, MBN has offered unique potential as a nanocarrier for hard tissues, in terms of high mesoporosity, bone bioactivity (and possibly degradability), tunable delivery of biomolecules, and ionic modification. Herein Sr ion is structurally doped to MBN while drug Phenamil is externally loaded as a small molecule activator of BMP signaling, for the stimulation of osteo/odontogenesis and mineralization of human MSCs derived from dental pulp. The Sr-doped MBN (85Si:10Ca:5Sr) sol-gel processed presents a high mesoporosity with a pore size of ∼6nm. In particular, Sr ion is released slowly at a daily rate of ∼3ppm per mg nanoparticles for up to 7days, a level therapeutically effective for cellular stimulation. The Sr-MBN is internalized to most MSCs via an ATP dependent macropinocytosis within hours, increasing the intracellular levels of Sr, Ca and Si ions. Phenamil is loaded maximally ∼30% into Sr-MBN and then released slowly for up to 7days. The co-delivered molecules (Sr ion and Phenamil drug) have profound effects on the differentiation and maturation of cells, i.e., significantly enhancing expression of osteo/odontogenic genes, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization of cells. Of note, the stimulation is a result of a synergism of Sr and Phenamil, through a Trb3-dependent BMP signaling pathway. This biological synergism is further evidenced in vivo in a mal-calcification condition involving an extracted tooth implantation in dorsal subcutaneous tissues of rats. Six weeks post operation evidences the osseous-dentinal hard tissue formation, which is significantly stimulated by the Sr/Phenamil delivery, based on histomorphometric and micro-computed tomographic analyses. The bioactive nanoparticles releasing both Sr ion and Phenamil drug are considered to be a promising therapeutic nanocarrier platform for hard tissue regeneration. Furthermore, this novel ion/drug co-delivery concept through nanoparticles can be extensively used for other tissues that require different therapeutic treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This study reports a novel design concept in inorganic nanoparticle delivery system for hard tissues - the co-delivery of therapeutic molecules comprised of ion (Sr) and drug (Phenamil) through a unique nanoparticle of mesoporous bioactive glass (MBN). The physico-chemical and biological properties of MBN enabled an effective loading of both therapeutic molecules and a subsequently sustained/controlled release. The co-delivered Sr and Phenamil demonstrated significant stimulation of adult stem cell differentiation in vitro and osseous/dentinal regeneration in vivo, through BMP signaling pathways. We consider the current combination of Sr ion with Phenamil is suited for the osteo/odontogenesis of stem cells for hard tissue regeneration, and further, this ion/drug co-delivery concept can extend the applications to other areas that require specific cellular and tissue functions.
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280
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Fast therapeutic DNA internalization – A high potential transfection system based on a peptide mimicking cationic lipid. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 118:38-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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281
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Impact of surface functionalization on the uptake mechanism and toxicity effects of silver nanoparticles in HepG2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:349-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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282
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Feng G, Liu J, Liu R, Mao D, Tomczak N, Liu B. Ultrasmall Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles with High Specificity for Targeted Cancer Cell Imaging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1600407. [PMID: 28932655 PMCID: PMC5604381 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent and biocompatible organic nanoparticles have attracted great interest in cancer detection and imaging, but the nonspecific cellular uptake has limited the detection specificity and sensitivity. Herein, the authors report the ultrasmall conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) with bright far-red/near-infrared emission for targeted cancer imaging with high specificity. The sizes of the ultrasmall CPNs are around 6 nm (CPN6), while large CPNs show sizes around 30 nm (CPN30). Moreover, CPN6 exhibits largely improved fluorescence quantum yield (η) of 41% than CPN30 (25%). Benefiting from the ultrasmall size, bare CPN6 shows largely suppressed nonspecific cellular uptake as compared to CPN30, while cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) functionalized CPN6 (cRGD-CPN6) possesses excellent selectivity toward αvβ3 integrin overexpressed MDA-MB-231 cells over other cells in cell mixtures. The faster body clearance of CPN6 over CPN30 indicates its greater potentials as a noninvasive nanoprobe for in vivo and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxue Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4117585Singapore
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4117585Singapore
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)2 Fusionopolis WayInnovis136834Singapore
| | - Duo Mao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4117585Singapore
| | - Nikodem Tomczak
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)2 Fusionopolis WayInnovis136834Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4117585Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)2 Fusionopolis WayInnovis136834Singapore
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283
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Harwardt MLIE, Young P, Bleymüller WM, Meyer T, Karathanasis C, Niemann HH, Heilemann M, Dietz MS. Membrane dynamics of resting and internalin B-bound MET receptor tyrosine kinase studied by single-molecule tracking. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:1422-1440. [PMID: 28904870 PMCID: PMC5586345 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The human MET receptor tyrosine kinase contributes to vertebrate development and cell proliferation. As a proto-oncogene, it is a target in cancer therapies. MET is also relevant for bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes and is activated by the bacterial protein internalin B. The processes of ligand binding, receptor activation, and the diffusion behavior of MET within the plasma membrane as well as its interconnections with various cell components are not fully understood. We investigated the receptor diffusion dynamics using single-particle tracking and imaging fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and elucidated mobility states of resting and internalin B-bound MET. We show that internalin B-bound MET exhibits lower diffusion coefficients and diffuses in a more confined area in the membrane. We report that the fraction of immobile receptors is larger for internalin B-bound receptors than for resting MET. Results of single-particle tracking in cells treated with various cytotoxins depleting cholesterol from the membrane and disrupting the actin cytoskeleton and microtubules suggest that cholesterol and actin influence MET diffusion dynamics, while microtubules do not have any effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lena I E Harwardt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt Germany
| | - Phoebe Young
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt Germany
| | - Willem M Bleymüller
- Structural Biochemistry Department of Chemistry Bielefeld University Germany
| | - Timo Meyer
- Structural Biochemistry Department of Chemistry Bielefeld University Germany
| | - Christos Karathanasis
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt Germany
| | - Hartmut H Niemann
- Structural Biochemistry Department of Chemistry Bielefeld University Germany
| | - Mike Heilemann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt Germany
| | - Marina S Dietz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt Germany
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284
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Castro-Smirnov FA, Ayache J, Bertrand JR, Dardillac E, Le Cam E, Piétrement O, Aranda P, Ruiz-Hitzky E, Lopez BS. Cellular uptake pathways of sepiolite nanofibers and DNA transfection improvement. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5586. [PMID: 28717157 PMCID: PMC5514060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepiolite is a nanofibrous natural silicate that can be used as a nanocarrier because it can be naturally internalized into mammalian cells, due to its nano-size dimension. Therefore, deciphering the mechanisms of sepiolite cell internalization constitutes a question interesting biotechnology, for the use of sepiolite as nanocarrier, as well as environmental and public health concerns. Though it is low, the perfectly stable and natural intrinsic fluorescence of sepiolite nanofibers allows to follow their fate into cells by specifically sensitive technics. By combining fluorescence microscopy (including confocal analysis), time-lapse video microscopy, fluorescence activated cell sorting and transmission electron microscopy, we show that sepiolite can be spontaneously internalized into mammalian cells through both non-endocytic and endocytic pathways, macropinocytosis being one of the main pathways. Interestingly, exposure of the cells to endocytosis inhibitors, such as chloroquine, two-fold increase the efficiency of sepiolite-mediated gene transfer, in addition to the 100-fold increased resulting from sepiolite sonomechanical treatment. As sepiolite is able to bind various biological molecules, this nanoparticulate silicate could be a good candidate as a nanocarrier for simultaneous vectorization of diverse biological molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidel Antonio Castro-Smirnov
- CNRS UMR 8200, Gustave-Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, team labeled "Ligue 2014", 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France.,Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas, Carretera a San Antonio de los Baños, km 2 1⁄2, La Habana, 19370, Cuba
| | - Jeanne Ayache
- CNRS UMR 8126, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Rémi Bertrand
- Vectorology and Anticancer therapies, CNRS UMR 8203, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Elodie Dardillac
- CNRS UMR 8200, Gustave-Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, team labeled "Ligue 2014", 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Le Cam
- CNRS UMR 8126, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Olivier Piétrement
- CNRS UMR 8126, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernard S Lopez
- CNRS UMR 8200, Gustave-Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, team labeled "Ligue 2014", 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France.
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285
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Ho LWC, Yung WY, Sy KHS, Li HY, Choi CKK, Leung KCF, Lee TWY, Choi CHJ. Effect of Alkylation on the Cellular Uptake of Polyethylene Glycol-Coated Gold Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2017; 11:6085-6101. [PMID: 28562003 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl groups (CnH2n+1) are prevalent in engineered bionanomaterials used for many intracellular applications, yet how alkyl groups dictate the interactions between nanoparticles and mammalian cells remains incomprehensively investigated. In this work, we report the effect of alkylation on the cellular uptake of densely polyethylene glycol-coated nanoparticles, which are characterized by their limited entry into mammalian cells. Specifically, we prepare densely PEGylated gold nanoparticles that bear alkyl chains of varying carbon chain lengths (n) and loading densities (termed "alkyl-PEG-AuNPs"), followed by investigating their uptake by Kera-308 keratinocytes. Strikingly, provided a modest alkyl mass percentage of 0.2% (2 orders of magnitude lower than that of conventional lipid-based NPs) in their PEG shells, dodecyl-PEG-AuNPs (n = 12) and octadecyl-PEG-AuNPs (n = 18) can enter Kera-308 cells 30-fold more than methoxy-PEG-AuNPs (no alkyl groups) and hexyl-PEG-AuNPs (n = 6) after 24 h of incubation. Such strong dependence on n is valid for all serum concentrations considered (even under serum-free conditions), although enhanced serum levels can trigger the agglomeration of alkyl-PEG-AuNPs (without permanent aggregation of the AuNP cores) and can attenuate their cellular uptake. Additionally, alkyl-PEG-AuNPs can rapidly enter Kera-308 cells via the filipodia-mediated pathway, engaging the tips of membrane protrusions and accumulating within interdigital folds. Most alkyl-PEG-AuNPs adopt the "endo-lysosomal" route of trafficking, but ∼15% of them accumulate in the cytosol. Regardless of intracellular location, alkyl-PEG-AuNPs predominantly appear as individual entities after 24 h of incubation. Our work offers insights into the incorporation of alkyl groups for designing bionanomaterials for cellular uptake and cytosolic accumulation with intracellular stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lok Wai Cola Ho
- Department of Electronic Engineering (Biomedical Engineering), §School of Pharmacy,⊥Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Yin Yung
- Department of Electronic Engineering (Biomedical Engineering), §School of Pharmacy,⊥Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwun Hei Samuel Sy
- Department of Electronic Engineering (Biomedical Engineering), §School of Pharmacy,⊥Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho Yin Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering (Biomedical Engineering), §School of Pharmacy,⊥Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Kit K Choi
- Department of Electronic Engineering (Biomedical Engineering), §School of Pharmacy,⊥Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ken Cham-Fai Leung
- Department of Electronic Engineering (Biomedical Engineering), §School of Pharmacy,⊥Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas W Y Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering (Biomedical Engineering), §School of Pharmacy,⊥Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung Hang Jonathan Choi
- Department of Electronic Engineering (Biomedical Engineering), §School of Pharmacy,⊥Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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286
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Serfass JM, Takahashi Y, Zhou Z, Kawasawa YI, Liu Y, Tsotakos N, Young MM, Tang Z, Yang L, Atkinson JM, Chroneos ZC, Wang HG. Endophilin B2 facilitates endosome maturation in response to growth factor stimulation, autophagy induction, and influenza A virus infection. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:10097-10111. [PMID: 28455444 PMCID: PMC5473216 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.792747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis, and the subsequent trafficking of endosomes, requires dynamic physical alterations in membrane shape that are mediated in part by endophilin proteins. The endophilin B family of proteins contains an N-terminal Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs (N-BAR) domain that induces membrane curvature to regulate intracellular membrane dynamics. Whereas endophilin B1 (SH3GLB1/Bif-1) is known to be involved in a number of cellular processes, including apoptosis, autophagy, and endocytosis, the cellular function of endophilin B2 (SH3GLB2) is not well understood. In this study, we used genetic approaches that revealed that endophilin B2 is not required for embryonic development in vivo but that endophilin B2 deficiency impairs endosomal trafficking in vitro, as evidenced by suppressed endosome acidification, EGFR degradation, autophagic flux, and influenza A viral RNA nuclear entry and replication. Mechanistically, although the loss of endophilin B2 did not affect endocytic internalization and lysosomal function, endophilin B2 appeared to regulate the trafficking of endocytic vesicles and autophagosomes to late endosomes or lysosomes. Moreover, we also found that despite having an intracellular localization and tissue distribution similar to endophilin B1, endophilin B2 is dispensable for mitochondrial apoptosis. Taken together, our findings suggest that endophilin B2 positively regulates the endocytic pathway in response to growth factor signaling, autophagy induction, and viral entry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhixiang Zhou
- the Department of Pediatrics
- the College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- From the Department of Pharmacology
- the Institute for Personalized Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and
| | - Ying Liu
- From the Department of Pharmacology
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zissis C Chroneos
- the Department of Pediatrics
- the Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 and
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- From the Department of Pharmacology,
- the Department of Pediatrics
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287
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Teplensky MH, Fantham M, Li P, Wang TC, Mehta JP, Young LJ, Moghadam PZ, Hupp JT, Farha OK, Kaminski CF, Fairen-Jimenez D. Temperature Treatment of Highly Porous Zirconium-Containing Metal–Organic Frameworks Extends Drug Delivery Release. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7522-7532. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle H. Teplensky
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Marcus Fantham
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Peng Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Timothy C. Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Joshua P. Mehta
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Laurence J. Young
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Peyman Z. Moghadam
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Joseph T. Hupp
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Omar K. Farha
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - David Fairen-Jimenez
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
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288
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Alekseeva AA, Moiseeva EV, Onishchenko NR, Boldyrev IA, Singin AS, Budko AP, Shprakh ZS, Molotkovsky JG, Vodovozova EL. Liposomal formulation of a methotrexate lipophilic prodrug: assessment in tumor cells and mouse T-cell leukemic lymphoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:3735-3749. [PMID: 28553111 PMCID: PMC5439940 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s133034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, a formulation of methotrexate (MTX) incorporated in the lipid bilayer of 100-nm liposomes in the form of diglyceride ester (MTX-DG, lipophilic prodrug) was developed. In this study, first, the interactions of MTX-DG liposomes with various human and mouse tumor cell lines were studied using fluorescence techniques. The liposomes composed of egg phosphatidylcholine (PC)/yeast phosphatidylinositol/MTX-DG, 8:1:1 by mol, were labeled with fluorescent analogs of PC and MTX-DG. Carcinoma cells accumulated 5 times more MTX-DG liposomes than the empty liposomes. Studies on inhibitors of liposome uptake and processing by cells demonstrated that the formulation used multiple mechanisms to deliver the prodrug inside the cell. According to the data from the present study, undamaged liposomes fuse with the cell membrane only 1.5-2 hours after binding to the cell surface, and then, the components of liposomal bilayer enter the cell separately. The study on the time course of plasma concentration in mice showed that the area under the curve of MTX generated upon intravenous injection of MTX-DG liposomes exceeded that of intact MTX 2.5-fold. These data suggested the advantage of using liposomal formulation to treat systemic manifestation of hematological malignancies. Indeed, the administration of MTX-DG liposomes to recipient mice bearing T-cell leukemic lymphoma using a dose-sparing regimen resulted in lower toxicity and retarded lymphoma growth rate as compared with MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Alekseeva
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - Ekaterina V Moiseeva
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - Natalia R Onishchenko
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - Ivan A Boldyrev
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - Alexander S Singin
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey P Budko
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Zoya S Shprakh
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Julian G Molotkovsky
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - Elena L Vodovozova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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289
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Nakata H, Lin CY, Abolhassani M, Ogawa T, Tateno H, Hirabayashi J, Muramoto K. Isolation of Rice Bran Lectins and Characterization of Their Unique Behavior in Caco-2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051052. [PMID: 28505081 PMCID: PMC5454964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice bran lectins, named as RBA1 and RBA2, were isolated from Oryza sativa in two chromatography steps: affinity chromatography and cation-exchange chromatography. RBA1 was found to be composed of a covalently linked heterodimer of 20- and 12-kDa subunits, and RBA2 was a noncovalently linked dimer of 12-kDa subunits. Both RBA1 and RBA2 bound to desialylated complex glycoproteins such as fetuin, α1-acid glycoprotein, and transferrin, and agalactosylated complex glycoproteins such as agalacto fetuin, agalacto-α1-acid glycoprotein, and agalacto-transferrin, in addition to chitooligosacchrides. RBAs were heat stable up to 80 °C and stable at pH 4–10. RBA1 increased the transport of the fluorescent marker, rhodamine 123, which is known to be transported via the P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux pathway across human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers. Furthermore, RBA1 itself was transported to the basolateral side of the monolayers via an endocytotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Nakata
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Ching Yu Lin
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Maryam Abolhassani
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Tomohisa Ogawa
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Tateno
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan.
| | - Jun Hirabayashi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan.
| | - Koji Muramoto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
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290
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Chloramidine/Bisindolylmaleimide-I-Mediated Inhibition of Exosome and Microvesicle Release and Enhanced Efficacy of Cancer Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051007. [PMID: 28486412 PMCID: PMC5454920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvesicle (MV) release from tumour cells influences drug retention, contributing to cancer drug resistance. Strategically regulating MV release may increase drug retention within cancer cells and allow for lower doses of chemotherapeutic drugs. The contribution of exosomes to drug retention still remains unknown. Potential exosome and MV (EMV) biogenesis inhibitors, tested on human prostate cancer (PC3) cells for their capacity to inhibit EMV release, were also tested on PC3 and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cells for improving chemotherapy. Agents inhibiting EMV release most significantly, whilst maintaining cell viability, were chloramidine (Cl-amidine; 50 µM) and bisindolylmaleimide-I (10 µM). Apoptosis mediated by the chemotherapy drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly enhanced in PC3 cells in the presence of both these EMV inhibitors, resulting in a 62% (Cl-amidine + 5-FU) and 59% (bisindolylmaleimide-I + 5-FU) decrease in numbers of viable PC3 cells compared to 5-FU alone after 24 h. For MCF-7 cells, there were similar increased reductions of viable cells compared to 5-FU treatment alone ranging from 67% (Cl-amidine + 5-FU) to 58% (bisindolylmaleimide-I + 5-FU). Using combinatory treatment, the two EMV inhibitors further reduced the number of viable cancer cells tested. Neither inhibitor affected cell viability. Combining selected EMV inhibitors may pose as a novel strategy to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drug-mediated apoptosis.
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291
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Functional implication of the common evolutionary origin of nuclear pore complex and endomembrane management systems. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 68:10-17. [PMID: 28473267 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are the sole gateway between the cytoplasm and the nucleus serving both as stringent permeability barrier and active transporters between the two compartments of eukaryotic cells. Complete mechanistic understanding of how these two functions are implemented within one and the same transport machine has not been attained to date. Based on several lines of structural evidence, a hypothesis was proposed postulating that NPCs shares common evolutionary origin with other intracellular systems responsible for active management of endomembranes. In this review we attempt to summarize the evidence supporting this hypothesis. The structural data obtained so far is evaluated and supplemented with the analysis of the functional evidence. Based on this analysis, a model is proposed which integrates the knowledge from the field of NPC function with that obtained from other endomembrane management systems in an attempt to shed new light on the mechanism of the NPC active transport.
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292
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Studzian M, Szulc A, Janaszewska A, Appelhans D, Pułaski Ł, Klajnert-Maculewicz B. Mechanisms of Internalization of Maltose-Modified Poly(propyleneimine) Glycodendrimers into Leukemic Cell Lines. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1509-1520. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Łukasz Pułaski
- Laboratory
of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology PAS, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
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293
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A new inhibitor of the β-arrestin/AP2 endocytic complex reveals interplay between GPCR internalization and signalling. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15054. [PMID: 28416805 PMCID: PMC5399295 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization and endocytosis, β-arrestin recruitment to ligand-stimulated GPCRs promotes non-canonical signalling cascades. Distinguishing the respective contributions of β-arrestin recruitment to the receptor and β-arrestin-promoted endocytosis in propagating receptor signalling has been limited by the lack of selective analytical tools. Here, using a combination of virtual screening and cell-based assays, we have identified a small molecule that selectively inhibits the interaction between β-arrestin and the β2-adaptin subunit of the clathrin adaptor protein AP2 without interfering with the formation of receptor/β-arrestin complexes. This selective β-arrestin/β2-adaptin inhibitor (Barbadin) blocks agonist-promoted endocytosis of the prototypical β2-adrenergic (β2AR), V2-vasopressin (V2R) and angiotensin-II type-1 (AT1R) receptors, but does not affect β-arrestin-independent (transferrin) or AP2-independent (endothelin-A) receptor internalization. Interestingly, Barbadin fully blocks V2R-stimulated ERK1/2 activation and blunts cAMP accumulation promoted by both V2R and β2AR, supporting the concept of β-arrestin/AP2-dependent signalling for both G protein-dependent and -independent pathways. Beta-arrestins play central roles in the mechanisms regulating GPCR signalling and trafficking. Here the authors identify a selective inhibitor of the interaction between β-arrestin and the β2-adaptin subunit of the clathrin adaptor protein AP-2, which they use to dissect the role of the β-arrestin/β2-adaptin interaction in GPCR signalling.
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294
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Im SW, Pravinsagar P, Im SR, Jang YJ. Variable Heavy Chain Domain Derived from a Cell-Penetrating Anti-DNA Monoclonal Antibody for the Intracellular Delivery of Biomolecules. Immunol Invest 2017; 46:500-517. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1301466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Woo Im
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Pavithra Pravinsagar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Ran Im
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ju Jang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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295
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Bacterium-Derived Cell-Penetrating Peptides Deliver Gentamicin To Kill Intracellular Pathogens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.02545-16. [PMID: 28096156 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02545-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Commonly used antimicrobials show poor cellular uptake and often have limited access to intracellular targets, resulting in low antimicrobial activity against intracellular pathogens. An efficient delivery system to transport these drugs to the intracellular site of action is needed. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) mediate the internalization of biologically active molecules into the cytoplasm. Here, we characterized two CPPs, α1H and α2H, derived from the Yersinia enterocolitica YopM effector protein. These CPPs, as well as Tat (trans-activator of transcription) from HIV-1, were used to deliver the antibiotic gentamicin to target intracellular bacteria. The YopM-derived CPPs penetrated different endothelial and epithelial cells to the same extent as Tat. CPPs were covalently conjugated to gentamicin, and CPP-gentamicin conjugates were used to target infected cells to kill multiple intracellular Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli K1, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Shigella flexneri Taken together, CPPs show great potential as delivery vehicles for antimicrobial agents and may contribute to the generation of new therapeutic tools to treat infectious diseases caused by intracellular pathogens.
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296
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Mottas I, Milosevic A, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Bourquin C. A rapid screening method to evaluate the impact of nanoparticles on macrophages. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:2492-2504. [PMID: 28150827 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08194k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an emerging and highly promising field to develop new approaches for biomedical applications. There is however at present an unmet need for a rapid and universal method to screen nanoparticles (NP) for immunocompatibility at early stages of their development. Indeed, although many types of highly diverse NP are currently under investigation, their interaction with immune cells remains fairly unpredictable. Macrophages which are professional phagocytic cells are believed to be among the first cell types that take up NP, mediating inflammation and thus immunological responses. The present work describes a highly reproducible screening method to study the NP interaction with macrophages. Three essential questions are answered in parallel, in a single multiwell plate: Are the NP taken up by macrophages? Do the NP cause macrophage cell death? Do the NP induce inflammatory reactions? This assay is proposed as a standardized screening protocol to obtain a rapid overview of the impact of different types of NP on macrophages. Due to high reproducibility, this method also allows quality control assessment for such aspects as immune-activating contaminants and batch-to-batch variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Mottas
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, and Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Intensive Care, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Ana Milosevic
- Adolphe-Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe-Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland and Chemistry Department, University of Fribourg, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Carole Bourquin
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, and Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Intensive Care, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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297
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Selby LI, Cortez-Jugo CM, Such GK, Johnston APR. Nanoescapology: progress toward understanding the endosomal escape of polymeric nanoparticles. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 9. [PMID: 28160452 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Using nanoparticles to deliver drugs to cells has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of many diseases, including HIV, cancer, and diabetes. One of the major challenges facing this field is controlling where the drug is trafficked once the nanoparticle is taken up into the cell. In particular, if drugs remain localized in an endosomal or lysosomal compartment, the therapeutic can be rendered completely ineffective. To ensure the design of more effective delivery systems we must first develop a better understanding of how nanoparticles and their cargo are trafficked inside cells. This needs to be combined with an understanding of what characteristics are required for nanoparticles to achieve endosomal escape, along with methods to detect endosomal escape effectively. This review is focused into three sections: first, an introduction to the mechanisms governing internalization and trafficking in cells, second, a discussion of methods to detect endosomal escape, and finally, recent advances in controlling endosomal escape from polymer- and lipid-based nanoparticles, with a focus on engineering materials to promote endosomal escape. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1452. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1452 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura I Selby
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina M Cortez-Jugo
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Georgina K Such
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angus P R Johnston
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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298
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Sahin A, Esendagli G, Yerlikaya F, Caban-Toktas S, Yoyen-Ermis D, Horzum U, Aktas Y, Khan M, Couvreur P, Capan Y. A small variation in average particle size of PLGA nanoparticles prepared by nanoprecipitation leads to considerable change in nanoparticles’ characteristics and efficacy of intracellular delivery. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 45:1657-1664. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1276924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adem Sahin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Firat Yerlikaya
- Elixir Pharmaceutical Research and Development Corporation, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Secil Caban-Toktas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Digdem Yoyen-Ermis
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Utku Horzum
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yesim Aktas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mansoor Khan
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud UMR CNRS 8612, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Paris-Sud XI, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Yilmaz Capan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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299
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The Effect of Surface Charges on the Cellular Uptake of Liposomes Investigated by Live Cell Imaging. Pharm Res 2017; 34:704-717. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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300
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Lima S, Milstien S, Spiegel S. Sphingosine and Sphingosine Kinase 1 Involvement in Endocytic Membrane Trafficking. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:3074-3088. [PMID: 28049734 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.762377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between cholesterol and sphingolipids within the plasma membrane has long been implicated in endocytic membrane trafficking. However, in contrast to cholesterol functions, little is still known about the roles of sphingolipids and their metabolites. Perturbing the cholesterol/sphingomyelin balance was shown to induce narrow tubular plasma membrane invaginations enriched with sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), the enzyme that converts the bioactive sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine to sphingosine-1-phosphate, and suggested a role for sphingosine phosphorylation in endocytic membrane trafficking. Here we show that sphingosine and sphingosine-like SphK1 inhibitors induced rapid and massive formation of vesicles in diverse cell types that accumulated as dilated late endosomes. However, much smaller vesicles were formed in SphK1-deficient cells. Moreover, inhibition or deletion of SphK1 prolonged the lifetime of sphingosine-induced vesicles. Perturbing the plasma membrane cholesterol/sphingomyelin balance abrogated vesicle formation. This massive endosomal influx was accompanied by dramatic recruitment of the intracellular SphK1 and Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs domain-containing proteins endophilin-A2 and endophilin-B1 to enlarged endosomes and formation of highly dynamic filamentous networks containing endophilin-B1 and SphK1. Together, our results highlight the importance of sphingosine and its conversion to sphingosine-1-phosphate by SphK1 in endocytic membrane trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298.
| | - Sheldon Milstien
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298.
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