301
|
Oliveira LMA, Falomir-Lockhart LJ, Botelho MG, Lin KH, Wales P, Koch JC, Gerhardt E, Taschenberger H, Outeiro TF, Lingor P, Schüle B, Arndt-Jovin DJ, Jovin TM. Elevated α-synuclein caused by SNCA gene triplication impairs neuronal differentiation and maturation in Parkinson's patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1994. [PMID: 26610207 PMCID: PMC4670926 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have assessed the impact of α-synuclein overexpression on the differentiation potential and phenotypic signatures of two neural-committed induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from a Parkinson's disease patient with a triplication of the human SNCA genomic locus. In parallel, comparative studies were performed on two control lines derived from healthy individuals and lines generated from the patient iPS-derived neuroprogenitor lines infected with a lentivirus incorporating a small hairpin RNA to knock down the SNCA mRNA. The SNCA triplication lines exhibited a reduced capacity to differentiate into dopaminergic or GABAergic neurons and decreased neurite outgrowth and lower neuronal activity compared with control cultures. This delayed maturation phenotype was confirmed by gene expression profiling, which revealed a significant reduction in mRNA for genes implicated in neuronal differentiation such as delta-like homolog 1 (DLK1), gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 (GABABR2), nuclear receptor related 1 protein (NURR1), G-protein-regulated inward-rectifier potassium channel 2 (GIRK-2) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). The differentiated patient cells also demonstrated increased autophagic flux when stressed with chloroquine. We conclude that a two-fold overexpression of α-synuclein caused by a triplication of the SNCA gene is sufficient to impair the differentiation of neuronal progenitor cells, a finding with implications for adult neurogenesis and Parkinson's disease progression, particularly in the context of bioenergetic dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L M A Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen, Germany
| | - L J Falomir-Lockhart
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M G Botelho
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen, Germany
| | - K-H Lin
- Group of Membrane Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen, Germany
| | - P Wales
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, Waldweg 33, Göttingen, Germany
| | - J C Koch
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen, Germany
| | - E Gerhardt
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, Waldweg 33, Göttingen, Germany
| | - H Taschenberger
- Group of Membrane Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen, Germany
- DFG-Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - T F Outeiro
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, Waldweg 33, Göttingen, Germany
- DFG-Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - P Lingor
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen, Germany
- DFG-Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - B Schüle
- The Parkinson's Institute, 675 Almanor Ave., Sunnyvale, CA, USA
| | - D J Arndt-Jovin
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen, Germany
| | - T M Jovin
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen, Germany
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am FaÃberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany. Tel: +49 551 201 1381; Fax: +49 551 201 1467; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
302
|
Dissecting the role of Engrailed in adult dopaminergic neurons--Insights into Parkinson disease pathogenesis. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:3786-94. [PMID: 26459030 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The homeoprotein Engrailed (Engrailed-1/Engrailed-2, collectively En1/2) is not only a survival factor for mesencephalic dopaminergic (mDA) neurons during development, but continues to exert neuroprotective and physiological functions in adult mDA neurons. Loss of one En1 allele in the mouse leads to progressive demise of mDA neurons in the ventral midbrain starting from 6 weeks of age. These mice also develop Parkinson disease-like motor and non-motor symptoms. The characterization of En1 heterozygous mice have revealed striking parallels to central mechanisms of Parkinson disease pathogenesis, mainly related to mitochondrial dysfunction and retrograde degeneration. Thanks to the ability of homeoproteins to transduce cells, En1/2 proteins have also been used to protect mDA neurons in various experimental models of Parkinson disease. This neuroprotection is partly linked to the ability of En1/2 to regulate the translation of certain nuclear-encoded mitochondrial mRNAs for complex I subunits. Other transcription factors that govern mDA neuron development (e.g. Foxa1/2, Lmx1a/b, Nurr1, Otx2, Pitx3) also continue to function for the survival and maintenance of mDA neurons in the adult and act through partially overlapping but also diverse mechanisms.
Collapse
|
303
|
Abstract
There is increasing computational evidence that the exceptionally high vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease may be due to their unique axonal architecture and resulting metabolic needs. A new experimental study has actually demonstrated this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Franco-Iborra
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute-CIBERNED, Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celine Perier
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute-CIBERNED, Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|