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Niemelä PE, Leppänen HA, Voutilainen A, Möykkynen EM, Virtanen KA, Ruusunen AA, Rintamäki RM. Prevalence of eating disorder symptoms in people with insulin-dependent-diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eat Behav 2024; 53:101863. [PMID: 38452627 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the prevalence of eating disorder symptoms (EDS) in 16 years and older individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes including both clinical and subclinical eating disorder symptoms. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases to discover studies reporting prevalence of eating disorder symptoms in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (both type 1 and type 2). We performed a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of eating disorder symptoms and an independent meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of insulin omission. RESULTS A total of 45 studies were included in the meta-analysis of eating disorder symptoms. Diabetes Eating Problem Survey (DEPS-R) was the most frequently used screening tool (in 43 % of studies, n = 20). The pooled prevalence of eating disorder symptoms was 24 % (95 % CI 0.21-0.28), whereas in studies using DEPS-R, it was slightly higher, 27 % (95 % CI 0.24-0.31), with the prevalence ratio (PR) of 1.1. The prevalence differed between screening tools (χ2 = 85.83, df = 8, p < .0001). The sex distribution was associated with the observed prevalences; in studies with a higher female prevalence (>58 %), the pooled eating disorder symptom prevalence was higher [30 % (95 % CI 0.26-0.34) vs. 18 % (95 % Cl 0.14-0.22), PR 1.7]. The prevalence of insulin omission was 21 % (95 % CI 0.13-0.33). CONCLUSIONS Eating disorder symptoms and insulin omission are common in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes regardless of age. DEPS-R is the most used screening tool. Studies with a higher proportion of female participants report higher prevalence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia E Niemelä
- Department of Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hanna A Leppänen
- Department of Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Ari Voutilainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Essi M Möykkynen
- Department of Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsi A Virtanen
- Faculty of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Anu A Ruusunen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo, Kuopio, Finland; IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Reeta M Rintamäki
- Department of Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
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da Silva BB, Lima MHDM, Saidel MGB. Mental health nursing care for people with diabetes mellitus: An integrative review. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2023; 31:e4073. [PMID: 38055591 PMCID: PMC10695291 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6827.4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE evaluate the evidence available on mental health nursing care for people with diabetes mellitus at different levels of health care. METHOD integrative literature review. The search was conducted in five databases. The sample consisted of 14 studies. The studies were exported to the EndNote manager and their data to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Sampling, categorization, evaluation, interpretation of the results, and synthesis of the included studies were carried out by two reviewers independently. The descriptive analysis of the results is presented in three categories. RESULTS self-care guidelines enhanced by the social support network, encompassing physical and psychological tools and strategies; therapeutic communication and psychotherapy strategies, focusing on psychotherapy and therapeutic communication; and self-management interventions, addressing self-care based on behavioral theories. CONCLUSION the synthesis of knowledge revealed that guidelines for self-care enhanced by the social support network, psychotherapy and therapeutic communication strategies, and self-management interventions are positive interventions that contribute to people with mental disorders and diabetes mellitus in the prevention of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Brandão da Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Campinas, SP, Brasil
- Becaria de la Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brasil
| | | | - Maria Giovana Borges Saidel
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Campinas, SP, Brasil
- Becaria del Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasil
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Goldstein SP, Olson KL, Thomas JG. Association of weight and shape concern with weight change and weight-related behaviors in behavioral weight loss treatment. J Behav Med 2023; 46:1049-1056. [PMID: 37740874 PMCID: PMC10577101 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Weight and shape concern (WSC) is a facet of negative body image that is common among individuals with overweight/obesity seeking behavioral weight loss treatment (BWL), but remains understudied. This secondary analysis evaluates associations between WSC, weight change, and weight-related behaviors among individuals in a 24-week BWL. Adults (n = 32) with body mass index 25-50 kg/m2 completed a baseline WSC questionnaire, measured weight at 12 and 24 weeks, measured physical activity via accelerometer, and completed 24-hour dietary recalls. Adherence to self-monitoring dietary intake and weight were assessed. A series of linear mixed models were used to evaluate associations between baseline WSC and weight change, as well as weight-related behaviors. Results revealed no significant effect of WSC on weight change. There were significant WSC x time interactions, such that those rating WSC "very important" decreased self-weighing and the "low importance" group decreased their caloric intake during treatment. The "pretty important" group had greater minutes of activity than the "low importance" group. Findings indicated that WSC may impact weight-related behaviors that contribute to BWL success. This trial was pre-registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03739151).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie P Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Miriam Hospital/Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 196 Richmond St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
| | - KayLoni L Olson
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Miriam Hospital/Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 196 Richmond St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - J Graham Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Miriam Hospital/Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 196 Richmond St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
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Lobo I, da Luz FQ, Hay P, Gaeta TL, Teixeira PC, Cordás TA, Sainsbury A, Salis Z. Is binge eating associated with poor weight loss outcomes in people with a high body weight? A systematic review with meta-analyses. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:89. [PMID: 37889364 PMCID: PMC10611631 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01613-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to compare the weight change in people with or without binge eating who underwent various weight loss treatments. METHODS We searched for studies in PubMed, American Psychological Association, and Embase from inception to January 2022. The studies selected included assessment of binge eating and body weight before and after weight loss treatment in people of any age. The meta-analyses were conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA). We used Egger's regression test, the funnel plot, and the Trim and Fill test to assess the risk of publication bias. RESULTS Thirty-four studies were included in the systematic review, with a total of 10.184 participants. The included studies were divided into three categories according to types of weight loss treatments, namely, (1) bariatric surgery; (2) pharmacotherapy isolated or combined with behavioral interventions; and (3) behavioral and/or nutritional interventions. The meta-analyses showed no significant difference in weight loss between people with or without binge eating engaged in weight loss treatments, with an overall effect size of - 0.117 (95% CI - 0.405 to 0.171; P = 0.426). CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed no difference in weight loss in people with or without pre-treatment binge eating who received various weight loss treatments. Weight loss treatments should not be withheld on the basis that they will not be effective in people with pre-treatment binge eating, albeit their safety and longer term impacts are unclear. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I, at least one properly designed randomized controlled trials; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Lobo
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Q da Luz
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Phillipa Hay
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tamiris L Gaeta
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Costa Teixeira
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Táki Athanássios Cordás
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Sainsbury
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zubeyir Salis
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
- Division of Rheumatology, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Levine MD, Tavernier RLE, Conlon RPK, Grace JL, Sweeny GM, Wang B, Cheng Y. Loss of control eating during pregnancy is associated with excessive gestational weight gain among individuals with overweight and obesity. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:340. [PMID: 37173628 PMCID: PMC10176920 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) predicts negative health outcomes among individuals with overweight or obesity. Loss of control eating (LOC), the ingestion of food associated with being unable to control eating, is the core psychopathology of binge eating disorders. We evaluated the contribution of LOC to GWG among pregnant individuals with prepregnancy overweight/obesity. METHODS In a prospective longitudinal study, individuals with prepregnancy BMI ≥ 25 (N = 257) were interviewed monthly to assess LOC and reported demographic, parity, and smoking information. GWG was abstracted from medical records. RESULTS Among individuals with prepregnancy overweight/obesity, 39% endorsed LOC prior to or during pregnancy. After adjusting for factors that have previously been linked to GWG, LOC during pregnancy, uniquely predicted higher GWG and greater likelihood of exceeding GWG recommendations. Participants with prenatal LOC gained 3.14 kg (p = 0.03) more than did those without LOC during pregnancy and 78.7% (n = 48/61) exceeded IOM guidelines for GWG. The frequency of LOC episodes was also associated with greater weight gain. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal LOC is common among pregnant individuals with overweight/obesity and predicts greater GWG and increased likelihood of exceeding IOM GWG guidelines. LOC may represent a modifiable behavioral mechanism to prevent excessive GWG among individuals at risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele D Levine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Rebecca L Emery Tavernier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rachel P K Conlon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jennifer L Grace
- Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gina M Sweeny
- Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bang Wang
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Barana L, Colleluori G, Sulpizi MT, Ortenzi K, Farano L, Fanelli CG, Calafiore R, Dalla Ragione L, Pampanelli S. Efficacy of the holistic, psychonutritional approach of Centro DAI e Obesità di Città della Pieve in the management of type 2 diabetes among patients with obesity and dysfunctional eating. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:1883-1893. [PMID: 35891980 PMCID: PMC9305049 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Dysfunctional eating is strongly associated with obesity and worsens type 2 diabetes (T2DM) outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the psycho-nutritional treatment (PNT) of "Centro DAI e Obesità" of Città della Pieve on weight loss and glucose management in dysfunctional eaters with obesity and T2DM. Methods PNT includes psychotherapeutical, nutritional, physical and social activities. Subjects with obesity, T2DM and dysfunctional eating habits who completed the 8 weeks residential program between 2010 and 2019 were compared with obese, T2DM, dysfunctional eaters who underwent to a conventional, hospital-based, nutritional treatment (CT). Anthropometric variables, glucolipid panel, and body composition were assessed at baseline and at the end of the program. Weight and HbA1c were also measured after one year from the completion. Results Sixty-nine patients completed the PNT and reduced weight (-7 ± 3.2%; p < 0.001), BMI (-7 ± 3.1%; p < 0.001), and triglycerides, AST, GGT and ALT (p ≤ 0.008); glycemic control improved (HbA1c: -1.1 ± 1.5%, mean fasting glucose: -41 ± 46 mg/dl, p < 0.001). Eleven% of subjects requiring diabetes medications at baseline discontinued the therapy. In the insulin treated group (49%), mean daily units were halved (-32.6 ± 26.0, p < 0.001). At one year, weight loss (-6 ± 7.4%, p < 0.001) and HbA1c reduction (-0.52 ± 1.4%, p = 0.029) persisted. Fifty-five patients completed the CT: HbA1c reduced (p = 0.02), but weight (-0.6 ± 3.7%), BMI (-0.7 ± 3.8%), and insulin units' reduction (-2.5 ± 11.7, p = 0.20) were lower compared to the PNT. Conclusion PNT is effective in improving T2DM management in patients with obesity and dysfunctional eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Barana
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06129 Perugia, Italy
- Centro DAI e Obesità of Città della Pieve, USL Umbria1 Città della Pieve, Via Beato Giacomo Villa 1, 06062 Città della Pieve, PG Italy
| | - Georgia Colleluori
- Centro DAI e Obesità of Città della Pieve, USL Umbria1 Città della Pieve, Via Beato Giacomo Villa 1, 06062 Città della Pieve, PG Italy
- Center for the Study of Obesity, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, via Tronto 10 A, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Sulpizi
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Kathleen Ortenzi
- Center for the Study of Obesity, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, via Tronto 10 A, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Farano
- Center for the Study of Obesity, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, via Tronto 10 A, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Carmine Giuseppe Fanelli
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calafiore
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Dalla Ragione
- Center for the Study of Obesity, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, via Tronto 10 A, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Simone Pampanelli
- Center for the Study of Obesity, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, via Tronto 10 A, 60020 Ancona, Italy
- U.O. M.I.S.E.M., Torre Ellittica piano +1, Ospedale S.Maria della Misericordia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1/8, 06129 S.Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, PG Italy
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Papini NM, Foster RNS, Lopez NV, Ptomey LT, Herrmann SD, Donnelly JE. Examination of three-factor eating questionnaire subscale scores on weight loss and weight loss maintenance in a clinical intervention. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:101. [PMID: 35428328 PMCID: PMC9013121 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00806-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to examine three-factor eating questionnaire (TFEQ) scores at baseline and post-intervention (6 months) on successful weight loss and weight maintenance in an 18-month behavioral weight management intervention for adults with overweight and obesity. Methods TFEQ and weight were assessed at baseline, 6, and 18 months. Logistic regression models were used to examine scores at baseline on disinhibition, restraint, and perceived hunger factors in the TFEQ on 5% body weight loss at 6 months and 6-month scores to predict 5% weight maintenance at 18 months while controlling for age, sex, and baseline weight.
Results Participants (n = 287; age = 43.8 ± 10.36 years; female = 64.1%; weight = 222.5 ± 39.02 pounds; BMI = 34.73 ± 4.56) were included for analysis. Dietary restraint at baseline was the only significant predictor of 5% weight loss at 6 months. None of the TFEQ subscale scores at 6 months predicted 5% weight maintenance at 18 months. The model examining weight loss at 6 months accounted for 7% of the variance of the outcome and 11% of the variance of weight maintenance at 18 months. Conclusion Dietary restraint is a unique eating behavior associated with weight loss at 6 months beyond other eating behaviors measured by the TFEQ in an adult sample enrolled in a weight loss intervention. No other subscale scores were significant at 6 months or at 18 months. Future research should consider how to promote flexible control and discourage adoption of rigid restraint behaviors since the latter is associated with disordered eating patterns.
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Sherwood NE, Crain AL, Seburg EM, Butryn ML, Forman EM, Crane MM, Levy RL, Kunin-Batson AS, Jeffery RW. BestFIT Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial Results: A SMART Approach to Developing Individualized Weight Loss Treatment Sequences. Ann Behav Med 2021; 56:291-304. [PMID: 34415011 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND State-of-the-art behavioral weight loss treatment (SBT) can lead to clinically meaningful weight loss, but only 30-60% achieve this goal. Developing adaptive interventions that change based on individual progress could increase the number of people who benefit. PURPOSE Conduct a Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) to determine the optimal time to identify SBT suboptimal responders and whether it is better to switch to portion-controlled meals (PCM) or acceptance-based treatment (ABT). METHOD The BestFIT trial enrolled 468 adults with obesity who started SBT and were randomized to treatment response assessment at Session 3 (Early TRA) or 7 (Late TRA). Suboptimal responders were re-randomized to PCM or ABT. Responders continued SBT. Primary outcomes were weight change at 6 and 18 months. RESULTS PCM participants lost more weight at 6 months (-18.4 lbs, 95% CI -20.5, -16.2) than ABT participants (-15.7 lbs, 95% CI: -18.0, -13.4), but this difference was not statistically significant (-2.7 lbs, 95% CI: -5.8, 0.5, p = .09). PCM and ABT participant 18 month weight loss did not differ. Early and Late TRA participants had similar weight losses (p = .96), however, Early TRA PCM participants lost more weight than Late TRA PCM participants (p = .03). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest adaptive intervention sequences that warrant further research (e.g., identify suboptimal responders at Session 3, use PCMs as second-stage treatment). Utilizing the SMART methodology to develop an adaptive weight loss intervention that would outperform gold standard SBT in a randomized controlled trial is an important next step, but may require additional optimization work. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier; NCT02368002.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy E Sherwood
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Meghan L Butryn
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Evan M Forman
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Melissa M Crane
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rona L Levy
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Robert W Jeffery
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Moustafa AF, Quigley KM, Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, Chao AM. A systematic review of binge eating, loss of control eating, and weight loss in children and adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:1259-1271. [PMID: 34227229 PMCID: PMC8319063 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review synthesizes literature on changes in binge eating (BE) and loss of control eating (LOC) following weight loss and the association between BE/LOC and weight loss in children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and PsycInfo. Eligible studies included all peer-reviewed journal articles of primary research that assessed BE/LOC and weight change following a weight-loss intervention in individuals under 18 years of age. RESULTS The 29 articles included studies on behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, and surgical interventions. Of the 14 studies that assessed the relationship between weight loss and BE/LOC at baseline, 4 showed that higher baseline BE/LOC was associated with less weight loss, whereas 10 showed no significant association. BE/LOC behaviors significantly decreased following weight-loss interventions in 20 of 21 studies. A greater decrease in BE/LOC was associated with improved weight loss in 4 of 9 studies that assessed this change. CONCLUSIONS Weight-loss interventions are associated with improved BE/LOC in youth with obesity. The persistence of BE/LOC symptoms may be associated with less weight loss. These results can aid in guiding future treatment for youth with BE/LOC seeking weight-loss treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kerry M. Quigley
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, US
| | - Thomas A. Wadden
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, US
| | - Robert I. Berkowitz
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, US
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ariana M. Chao
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, US
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Vela AM, Palmer B, Gil-Rivas V, Cachelin F. The Role of Disordered Eating in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study. Am J Lifestyle Med 2021; 17:131-139. [PMID: 36636384 PMCID: PMC9830250 DOI: 10.1177/15598276211002459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus continue to rise around the world, largely due to lifestyle factors such as poor diet, overeating, and lack of physical activity. Diet and eating is often the most challenging aspect of management and, when disordered, has been associated with increased risk for diabetes-related complications. Thus, there is a clear need for accessible and evidence-based interventions that address the complex lifestyle behaviors that influence diabetes management. The current study sought to assess the efficacy and acceptability of a pilot lifestyle intervention for women with type 2 diabetes and disordered eating. The intervention followed a cognitive behavioral therapy guided-self-help (CBTgsh) model and included several pillars of lifestyle medicine, including: diet, exercise, stress, and relationships. Ten women completed the 12-week intervention that provided social support, encouraged physical activity, and addressed eating behaviors and cognitions. Results indicate the lifestyle intervention was a feasible treatment for disordered eating behaviors among women with type 2 diabetes and was also associated with improved diabetes-related quality of life. The intervention was also acceptable to participants who reported satisfaction with the program. The current CBTgsh lifestyle intervention is a promising treatment option to reduce disordered eating and improve diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M. Vela
- Alyssa M. Vela, Department of Surgery,
Division of Cardiac Surgery, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St.
Clair, Suite 7-336, Chicago, IL 60611; e-mail:
| | - Brooke Palmer
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota
Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Virginia Gil-Rivas
- Department of Psychology, The University of
North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Fary Cachelin
- Wellbeing, Education, and Language Studies, The
Open University, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, UK
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Psychometric proprieties of the Italian version of the questionnaire on eating and weight patterns (QEWP-5) and its accuracy in screening for binge-eating disorder in patients seeking treatment for obesity. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:1739-1745. [PMID: 31784945 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the current study was to assess the psychometric proprieties of the Italian version of the latest edition of the Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns (QEWP-5), evaluating its accuracy in screening patients with binge-eating disorder (BED). METHODS The Italian translation of the tool was administered to 604 Italian-speaking adults seeking treatment for obesity. The clinical sample was given the Eating Disorder Examination interview to assess for BED. Participants also completed the Symptom Checklist 90, the Obesity-Related Well-Being and the Binge-Eating Scale. RESULTS The sensitivity of the QEWP-5 was 0.49, and its specificity 0.93. The positive and negative predictive values were 0.34 and 0.96, respectively. Agreement between QEWP-5 and EDE using Cohen's kappa was 0.35. Nevertheless, among patients with an EDE diagnosis of no BED, those 'QEWP-5-positive' for BED displayed higher eating-disorder and general psychopathology scores, poorer weight-related quality of life, and greater severity of binge-eating behaviours than those 'QEWP-5-negative' for BED. CONCLUSION Despite the low concordance with the EDE interview in terms of detecting the presence of BED, the QEWP-5 may be a useful initial screening tool for the clinical assessment of adults seeking treatment for obesity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, Descriptive study.
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12
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Dalle Grave R, Misconel A, Fasoli D, Calugi S. Overvaluation of Shape and Weight and Associated Features in Patients Without Eating Disorders Seeking Treatment for Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:733-739. [PMID: 32108444 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the presence of the overvaluation of shape and weight and its associated features in patients with obesity but no eating disorder who were seeking treatment from a specialist unit. METHODS Overall, 1,134 patients with obesity but no Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders eating disorder diagnosis were included. The Eating Disorder Examination interview was administered by expert clinicians to assess the eating disorder psychopathology and overvaluation of shape and weight. Patients also completed the Symptom Check List-90-Revised and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey to assess general psychopathology and quality of life, respectively. RESULTS Roughly 20% of the patients with obesity presented with clinical overvaluation of shape and weight, which was associated with the female gender, higher expected weight loss, more severe eating-related psychopathology, higher general psychopathology, and lower mental quality of life. Linear and logistic regression analyses indicated that the clinical variables independently correlated with overvaluation of shape and weight in these patients were female gender, Eating Disorder Examination Eating Concern subscale score, and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey mental component summary score. CONCLUSIONS These findings are sufficient to justify routine assessment of overvaluation of shape and weight in patients seeking treatment for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Dalle Grave
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - Arianna Misconel
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - Deborah Fasoli
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Calugi
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda, Verona, Italy
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13
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Chevinsky JD, Wadden TA, Chao AM. Binge Eating Disorder in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Diagnostic and Management Challenges. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1117-1131. [PMID: 32341661 PMCID: PMC7166070 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s213379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk of disordered eating behaviors including binge eating disorder (BED). Comorbid BED in patients with T2DM has been associated with adverse clinical outcomes such as higher body mass index (BMI) and depressive symptoms. Identifying and addressing this disorder in patients with T2DM is a significant challenge for health-care providers. The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss current perspectives on BED in the context of T2DM with implications for screening and management of these highly comorbid conditions. BED continues to be underrecognized and underdiagnosed. However, there are established tools that providers can use to screen for BED such as the SCOFF Questionnaire and Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-5. There are several effective treatments for BED including cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and lisdexamfetamine dimesylate. However, few studies have examined the effects of these treatments in patients with co-morbid T2DM and BED.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas A Wadden
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ariana M Chao
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Correspondence: Ariana M Chao University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA19104, USATel +1215-746-7183Fax +1215-898-2878 Email
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14
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Eating behaviors and weight loss outcomes in a 12-month randomized trial of diet and/or exercise intervention in postmenopausal women. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:113. [PMID: 31775800 PMCID: PMC6882083 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Certain eating behaviors are common among women with obesity. Whether these behaviors influence outcomes in weight loss programs, and whether such programs affect eating behaviors, is unclear. Methods Our aim was to examine the effect of baseline eating behaviors on intervention adherence and weight among postmenopausal women with overweight or obesity, and to assess intervention effects on eating behaviors. Four hundred and 39 women (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) were randomized to 12 months of: i) dietary weight loss with a 10% weight loss goal (‘diet’; n = 118); ii) moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic exercise for 225 mins/week (‘exercise’; n = 117); iii) combined dietary weight loss and exercise (‘diet + exercise’; n = 117); or iv) no-lifestyle change control (n = 87). At baseline and 12 months, restrained eating, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and binge eating were measured by questionnaire; weight and body composition were assessed. The mean change in eating behavior scores and weight between baseline and 12 months in the diet, exercise, and diet + exercise arms were each compared to controls using the generalized estimating equation (GEE) modification of linear regression adjusted for age, baseline BMI, and race/ethnicity. Results Baseline restrained eating was positively associated with change in total calories and calories from fat during the dietary intervention but not with other measures of adherence. Higher baseline restrained eating was associated with greater 12-month reductions in weight, waist circumference, body fat and lean mass. Women randomized to dietary intervention had significant reductions in binge eating (− 23.7%, p = 0.005 vs. control), uncontrolled eating (− 24.3%, p < 0.001 vs. control), and emotional eating (− 31.7%, p < 0.001 vs. control) scores, and a significant increase in restrained eating (+ 60.6%, p < 0.001 vs. control); women randomized to diet + exercise reported less uncontrolled eating (− 26.0%, p < 0.001 vs. control) and emotional eating (− 22.0%, p = 0.004 vs. control), and increased restrained eating (+ 41.4%, p < 0.001 vs. control). Women randomized to exercise alone had no significant change in eating behavior scores compared to controls. Conclusions A dietary weight loss intervention helped women modify eating behaviors. Future research should investigate optimal behavioral weight loss interventions for women with both disordered eating and obesity. Trial registration NCT00470119 (https://clinicaltrials.gov). Retrospectively registered May 7, 2007.
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Gorin AA, Gokee LaRose J, Espeland MA, Tate DF, Jelalian E, Robichaud E, Coward P, Hatley KE, Garcia KR, Lang W, Bahnson J, Lewis CE, Wing RR. Eating pathology and psychological outcomes in young adults in self-regulation interventions using daily self-weighing. Health Psychol 2018; 38:143-150. [PMID: 30550313 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Self-regulation interventions encouraging daily weighing prevent weight gain in young adults; however, concerns have been raised that such interventions may have undesirable effects on eating pathology, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQL). The present study examined whether self-regulation interventions and self-weighing frequency were associated with these indices in normal weight individuals and those with overweight or obesity. METHODS Young adults (n = 599), 18-35 years with a body mass index (BMI) 21.0-30.9 kg/m² were randomized to control, self-regulation with small changes (SC) or self-regulation with large changes (LC). Interventions taught frequent self-weighing to guide behavioral changes. SC prescribed daily small decreases in intake and increases in physical activity. LC prescribed a 5- to 10-lb weight loss to buffer against anticipated gains. Psychological indices were assessed at baseline and periodically over 2 years of follow-up. RESULTS There was no evidence that the interventions increased depressive symptoms or compensatory behaviors or decreased HRQL relative to control. LC increased flexible and rigid control and SC decreased disinhibition. Results did not differ by weight status with the exception of rigid control; here, differences between LC and the other conditions were smaller among those with BMI ≥ 25. Greater self-weighing frequency over time was associated with increases in flexible and rigid control, dietary restraint, and improvements in HRQL. CONCLUSIONS The self-regulation interventions and increases in self-weighing had no untoward effects. Encouraging weight gain prevention in young adults through frequent weighing and self-regulation appears to be safe for normal weight young adults and those with overweight. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A Gorin
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy
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16
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Avenell A, Robertson C, Skea Z, Jacobsen E, Boyers D, Cooper D, Aceves-Martins M, Retat L, Fraser C, Aveyard P, Stewart F, MacLennan G, Webber L, Corbould E, Xu B, Jaccard A, Boyle B, Duncan E, Shimonovich M, Bruin MD. Bariatric surgery, lifestyle interventions and orlistat for severe obesity: the REBALANCE mixed-methods systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess 2018; 22:1-246. [PMID: 30511918 PMCID: PMC6296173 DOI: 10.3310/hta22680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with severe obesity [body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 35 kg/m2] have an increased risk of comorbidities and psychological, social and economic consequences. OBJECTIVES Systematically review bariatric surgery, weight-management programmes (WMPs) and orlistat pharmacotherapy for adults with severe obesity, and evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of treatment. DATA SOURCES Electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the NHS Economic Evaluation Database were searched (last searched in May 2017). REVIEW METHODS Four systematic reviews evaluated clinical effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and qualitative evidence for adults with a BMI of ≥ 35 kg/m2. Data from meta-analyses populated a microsimulation model predicting costs, outcomes and cost-effectiveness of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery and the most effective lifestyle WMPs over a 30-year time horizon from a NHS perspective, compared with current UK population obesity trends. Interventions were cost-effective if the additional cost of achieving a quality-adjusted life-year is < £20,000-30,000. RESULTS A total of 131 randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 26 UK studies, 33 qualitative studies and 46 cost-effectiveness studies were included. From RCTs, RYGB produced the greatest long-term weight change [-20.23 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI) -23.75 to -16.71 kg, at 60 months]. WMPs with very low-calorie diets (VLCDs) produced the greatest weight loss at 12 months compared with no WMPs. Adding a VLCD to a WMP gave an additional mean weight change of -4.41 kg (95% CI -5.93 to -2.88 kg) at 12 months. The intensive Look AHEAD WMP produced mean long-term weight loss of 6% in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (at a median of 9.6 years). The microsimulation model found that WMPs were generally cost-effective compared with population obesity trends. Long-term WMP weight regain was very uncertain, apart from Look AHEAD. The addition of a VLCD to a WMP was not cost-effective compared with a WMP alone. RYGB was cost-effective compared with no surgery and WMPs, but the model did not replicate long-term cost savings found in previous studies. Qualitative data suggested that participants could be attracted to take part in WMPs through endorsement by their health-care provider or through perceiving innovative activities, with WMPs being delivered to groups. Features improving long-term weight loss included having group support, additional behavioural support, a physical activity programme to attend, a prescribed calorie diet or a calorie deficit. LIMITATIONS Reviewed studies often lacked generalisability to UK settings in terms of participants and resources for implementation, and usually lacked long-term follow-up (particularly for complications for surgery), leading to unrealistic weight regain assumptions. The views of potential and actual users of services were rarely reported to contribute to service design. This study may have failed to identify unpublished UK evaluations. Dual, blinded numerical data extraction was not undertaken. CONCLUSIONS Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was costly to deliver, but it was the most cost-effective intervention. Adding a VLCD to a WMP was not cost-effective compared with a WMP alone. Most WMPs were cost-effective compared with current population obesity trends. FUTURE WORK Improved reporting of WMPs is needed to allow replication, translation and further research. Qualitative research is needed with adults who are potential users of, or who fail to engage with or drop out from, WMPs. RCTs and economic evaluations in UK settings (e.g. Tier 3, commercial programmes or primary care) should evaluate VLCDs with long-term follow-up (≥ 5 years). Decision models should incorporate relevant costs, disease states and evidence-based weight regain assumptions. STUDY REGISTRATION This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42016040190. FUNDING The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme. The Health Services Research Unit and Health Economics Research Unit are core funded by the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Avenell
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Clare Robertson
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Zoë Skea
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Elisabet Jacobsen
- Health Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Dwayne Boyers
- Health Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - David Cooper
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | | | - Cynthia Fraser
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Paul Aveyard
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona Stewart
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Graeme MacLennan
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Bonnie Boyle
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Eilidh Duncan
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Olson KL, Neiberg RH, Tate DF, Garcia KR, Gorin AA, Lewis CE, Unick J, Wing RR. Weight and Shape Concern Impacts Weight Gain Prevention in the SNAP Trial: Implications for Tailoring Intervention Delivery. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:1270-1276. [PMID: 29956495 PMCID: PMC6437682 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention (SNAP) trial demonstrated that two self-regulatory interventions prevented weight gain in young adults. Weight and shape concern (WSC) at baseline was evaluated as a moderator of weight outcomes at 24 months. METHODS Young adults (n = 599) were randomized to self-regulation with small changes (to create 200 kcal/day deficit), self-regulation with large changes (to facilitate preemptive weight loss of 5-10 lb), or self-guided control. WSC was assessed by using one item from the Eating Disorders Assessment. ANOVA was used to examine whether the association between baseline level of WSC and percent weight change over 24 months differed across treatment conditions. RESULTS Approximately 22% of participants reported high WSC (37% moderate; 41% low). WSC and treatment condition interacted to influence weight change at 24 months (P = 0.03). Individuals with high WSC gained weight in the large changes group (WSC least squares means ± SE, high: + 0.73% ± 1.19%; moderate: -2.74% ± 0.84%; low: -2.41% ± 0.79%). The small changes condition was particularly effective for those with high WSC (high WSC: -2.49% ± 1.16%; moderate: -0.60% ± 0.88%; low: -0.71% ± 0.80%). WSC did not impact weight change among control participants. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with high WSC may benefit from a small-changes approach to weight gain prevention. These findings indicate WSC may be used to match individuals to weight gain prevention treatment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- KayLoni L. Olson
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence RI
| | - Rebecca H. Neiberg
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC
| | | | - Katelyn R. Garcia
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC
| | - Amy A. Gorin
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT
| | - Cora E. Lewis
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL
| | - Jessica Unick
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence RI
| | - Rena R. Wing
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence RI
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19
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Escobar M, Scherer JN, Soares CM, Guimarães LSP, Hagen ME, von Diemen L, Pechansky F. Active Brazilian crack cocaine users: nutritional, anthropometric, and drug use profiles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 40:354-360. [PMID: 29451589 PMCID: PMC6899369 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of crack users and to analyze its correlation with drug use profiles. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 108 crack users. Anthropometric data were assessed through body mass index (BMI) and bioimpedance (BIA) measurements. A blood test to analyze hematocrit, hemoglobin, glucose, and lipid profiles was also performed. Crack use was determined through a standardized interview. Results: Based on BMI and BIA, most individuals were eutrophic (about 70%). Regarding hematological parameters, we found that hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were below normal for 32.4 and 30.6% of patients, respectively. Considering normal parameters, a large part of the sample (60.2%) had low levels of HDL cholesterol and high levels of triglycerides (38%). There were no significant correlations between drug profile and nutritional variables. Conclusion: This is a pioneering study that examines the nutritional status of crack users. Our results showed that most crack users present normal anthropometric findings and the prevalence of underweight is low. However, blood analysis showed changes and a specific type of malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Escobar
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Estudos em Alimentação e Nutrição (CESAN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana N Scherer
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cassia M Soares
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Martine E Hagen
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Estudos em Alimentação e Nutrição (CESAN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flavio Pechansky
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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20
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Atlantis E, Ghassem Pour S, Girosi F. Incremental predictive value of screening for anxiety and depression beyond current type 2 diabetes risk models: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e018255. [PMID: 29362254 PMCID: PMC5786131 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to determine whether screening for anxiety and depression, an emerging risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), adds clinically meaningful information beyond current T2D risk assessment tools. DESIGN Prospective cohort. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The 45 and Up Study is a large-scale prospective cohort of men and women aged 45 years and over, randomly sampled from the general population of New South Wales, Australia. 51 588 participants without self-reported diabetes at baseline (2006-2009) were followed up for approximately 3 years (2010). METHODS T2D status was determined by self-reported doctor who diagnosed diabetes after the age of 30 years, and/or current use of metformin. Current symptoms of anxiety and/or depression were measured by the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). We determined the optimal cut-off point for K10 for predicting T2D using Tjur's R2 and tested risk models with and without the K10 using logistic regression. We assessed performance measures for the incremental value of the K10 using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AROC), net reclassification improvement (NRI) and net benefit (NB) decision analytics with sensitivity analyses. RESULTS T2D developed in 1076 individuals (52.4% men). A K10 score of ≥19 (prevalence 8.97%), adjusted for age and gender, was optimal for predicting incident T2D (sensitivity 77%, specificity 53% and positive predictive value 3%; OR 1.70 (95% CI 1.41 to 2.03, P<0.001). K10 score predicted incident T2D independent of current risk models, but did not improve corresponding AROC, NRI and NB statistics. Sensitivity analyses showed that this was partially explained by the baseline model and the small effect size of the K10 that was similar compared with other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety and depressing screening with the K10 adds no meaningful incremental value in addition to current T2D risk assessments. The clinical importance of anxiety and depression screening in preventing T2D requires ongoing consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Atlantis
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Capital Markets CRC, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shima Ghassem Pour
- Capital Markets CRC, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Translation Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Federico Girosi
- Capital Markets CRC, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Translation Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
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Chao AM, Wadden TA, Gorin AA, Tronieri JS, Pearl RL, Bakizada ZM, Yanovski SZ, Berkowitz RI. Binge Eating and Weight Loss Outcomes in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: 4-Year Results from the Look AHEAD Study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:1830-1837. [PMID: 29086498 PMCID: PMC5678986 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess whether an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) for weight reduction precipitates binge eating (BE) and whether BE attenuates 4-year weight loss among participants with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity. METHODS Participants (N = 4,901) were from Look AHEAD, a randomized controlled trial that compared ILI to diabetes support and education (DSE). Annual assessments of measured weight and self-reported BE were used. By using the yearly time points when a person endorsed BE, participants were classified as no BE, remitted BE, incident BE, inconsistent BE (2-3 years, including baseline), and consistent BE (≥ 4 years, including baseline). Cox regression and mixed-effects models were used for analyses. RESULTS ILI participants were marginally more likely to report incident BE at year 4 than those in DSE (P = 0.06). At year 4, ILI participants with remitted BE lost more weight (4.7 ± 0.8%) than those with consistent BE (1.9 ± 1.0%; P = 0.03). ILI participants with no BE lost more weight (4.6 ± 0.2%) than those with incident BE (3.1 ± 0.6%; P = 0.02) and consistent BE (P = 0.01). DSE participants with remitted BE lost more weight than those with incident and consistent BE. CONCLUSIONS Preexisting BE did not seem to be a contraindication for ILI, although persistent BE attenuated weight loss. Patients who report new or ongoing BE may need additional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana M. Chao
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas A. Wadden
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy A. Gorin
- University of Connecticut, Department of Psychology, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Jena Shaw Tronieri
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Pearl
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zayna M. Bakizada
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan Z. Yanovski
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert I. Berkowitz
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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22
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McCuen-Wurst C, Ruggieri M, Allison KC. Disordered eating and obesity: associations between binge-eating disorder, night-eating syndrome, and weight-related comorbidities. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1411:96-105. [PMID: 29044551 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Binge-eating disorder (BED) and night-eating syndrome (NES) are two forms of disordered eating associated with overweight and obesity. While these disorders also occur in nonobese persons, they seem to be associated with weight gain over time and higher risk of diabetes and other metabolic dysfunction. BED and NES are also associated with higher risk of psychopathology, including mood, anxiety, and sleep problems, than those of similar weight status without disordered eating. Treatments are available, including cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), interpersonal psychotherapy, lisdexamfetamine, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for BED; and CBT, SSRIs, progressive muscle relaxation, and bright light therapy for NES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney McCuen-Wurst
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Madelyn Ruggieri
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly C Allison
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Abstract
IN BRIEF Although the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) trial, which spanned more than 8 years, did not find significant differences in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality between study groups, it did demonstrate significant differences in weight loss and maintenance. Using lessons learned from the Look AHEAD protocol, clinicians can help people with type 2 diabetes lose weight, improve glucose management, increase physical activity, alter eating patterns, and support long-term positive health outcomes. It remains important, however, to avoid assigning a higher priority to weight loss goals than to improvements in glucose management, long-term health outcomes, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg G Salvia
- Meg Salvia Nutrition, Walden Behavioral Care, Cambridge, MA
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Abstract
PURPOSE To gain further understanding of the general medical comorbidity of binge eating disorder (BED) beyond its association with obesity. METHOD We reviewed studies of general medical comorbidity in people with BED or clinically significant binge eating behavior beyond obesity. We also reviewed studies of BED in specific medical conditions. RESULTS Three broad study categories of medical comorbidity in BED were found: cross-sectional studies of medical conditions in BED; prospective studies of medical conditions in BED; and studies of BED in specific medical conditions. Cross-sectional epidemiologic data suggest that BED is associated with medical conditions related to obesity, including diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemias, sleep problems/disorders, and pain conditions, and that BED may be related to these conditions independent of obesity and co-occurring psychiatric disorders. Prospective data suggest that BED may be associated with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. BED or binge eating behavior is also associated with asthma and gastrointestinal symptoms and disorders, and among women, menstrual dysfunction, pregnancy complications, intracranial hypertension, and polycystic ovary syndrome. CONCLUSIONS BED is associated with substantial medical comorbidity beyond obesity. Further study of the general medical comorbidity of BED and its relationship to obesity and co-occurring psychiatric disorders is greatly needed.
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Ikhsan M, Siregar MFG, Muharam R. The relationship between Ramadan fasting with menstrual cycle pattern changes in teenagers. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Ariel AH, Perri MG. Effect of dose of behavioral treatment for obesity on binge eating severity. Eat Behav 2016; 22:55-61. [PMID: 27086049 PMCID: PMC4983214 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effects of three doses of a behavioral intervention for obesity (High dose=24 sessions, Moderate=16 sessions, Low=8 sessions) compared with a nutrition education control group (Control) on binge eating. We also examined whether participants with clinically significant improvements in binge eating had better treatment adherence and weight-loss outcomes than those who did not experience clinically significant improvements in binge eating. Finally, we examined the relation of pretreatment binge eating severity to changes at six months. METHODS Participants included 572 adults (female=78.7%; baseline mean±SD: age=52.7±11.2years, BMI=36.4±3.9kg/m(2)) who provided binge eating data at baseline. We evaluated binge eating severity (assessed via the Binge Eating Scale) and weight status at baseline and six months, as well as treatment adherence over six months. RESULTS At six months, participants in the Moderate and High treatment conditions reported greater reductions in binge eating severity than participants in the Low and Control conditions, ps<.02. Participants who demonstrated improvements in binge eating severity reported greater dietary self-monitoring adherence and attained larger weight losses than those who did not experience clinically significant reductions, ps<.001. Pretreatment binge eating severity predicted less improvement in binge eating severity over six months and fewer days with dietary self-monitoring records completed, ps≤.002. CONCLUSION A moderate or high dose of behavioral weight-loss treatment may be required to produce clinically significant reductions in binge eating severity in adults with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva H. Ariel
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida
| | - Michael G. Perri
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida
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Nicolau J, Simó R, Sanchís P, Ayala L, Fortuny R, Zubillaga I, Masmiquel L. Eating disorders are frequent among type 2 diabetic patients and are associated with worse metabolic and psychological outcomes: results from a cross-sectional study in primary and secondary care settings. Acta Diabetol 2015; 52:1037-44. [PMID: 25841588 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-015-0742-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Data regarding the prevalence of eating disorders (ED) and their influence on clinical outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are scarce. Our aim is to investigate the frequency of positive screening for ED, specifically binge eating disorder (BED), in a T2DM sample and analyze whether there are any differences among T2DM subjects with a positive screening for ED or BED. METHODS Three hundred and twenty subjects with T2DM were recruited randomly. All participants were evaluated for the presence of ED by completing the "Eating Attitudes Test-26" (EAT-26). In addition, the "Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised" (QEWP-R) for the screening of BED was also implemented. Sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical parameters were also recorded. RESULTS According to EAT-26, 14 % of subjects screened positive for ED. Regarding QEWP-R, 16 % had a positive screening for ED, with BED having a frequency of 12.2 %, being the most prevalent one. There was a positive correlation between the scores obtained with the EAT-26 and the Beck Depression Inventory (p = 0.0014). Patients with BED were younger (57.5 ± 11.1 vs 63.3 ± 10.3 years; p = 0.004), with a lesser T2DM duration (8.5 ± 6.1 vs 12.1 ± 9.6 years; p = 0.002). Weight and BMI among subjects with BED were greater (89.1 ± 1.3 vs 82.4 ± 16.7 kg; p = 0.04 and 39.4 ± 10.3 vs 30.7 ± 5.5 kg/m(2); p = 0.01). The frequency of subjects with one admission related to T2DM or any other condition during the last year was higher (10 vs 3 %; p = 0.04 and 33 vs 21 %; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS ED among T2DM are frequent. Due to their deleterious effect on different metabolic and psychological outcomes, they should be diagnosed promptly, especially BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Nicolau
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son LLàtzer, University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), Ctra, Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Sanchís
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son LLàtzer, University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), Ctra, Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Luisa Ayala
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son LLàtzer, University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), Ctra, Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Regina Fortuny
- Hormonal Laboratory Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ivana Zubillaga
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son LLàtzer, University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), Ctra, Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Lluís Masmiquel
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son LLàtzer, University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), Ctra, Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
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Abstract
We performed a qualitative review of treatment studies of binge eating disorder (BED), focusing on randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Limited effectiveness has been demonstrated for self-help strategies, and substantial effectiveness has been shown for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT). CBT and IPT may each be more effective than behavior weight loss therapy (BWLT) for reducing binge eating over the long term. The stimulant pro-drug lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is the only drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of BED in adults based on 2 pivotal RCTs. Topiramate also decreases binge eating behavior, but its use is limited by its adverse event profile. Antidepressants may be modestly effective over the short term for reducing binge eating behavior and comorbid depressive symptoms, but are not associated with clinically significant weight loss. A RCT presented in abstract form suggests that intranasal naloxone may decrease time spent binge eating. There is no RCT of obesity surgery in BED, but many patients with BED seek and receive such surgery. While some studies suggest patients with BED and obesity do just as well as patients with obesity alone, other studies suggest that patients with BED have more post-operative complications, less weight loss, and more weight regain. This evidence suggests that patients with BED would benefit from receiving highly individualized treatment.
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Braden AL, Madowitz J, Matheson BE, Bergmann K, Crow SJ, Boutelle KN. Parent binge eating and depressive symptoms as predictors of attrition in a family-based treatment for pediatric obesity. Child Obes 2015; 11:165-9. [PMID: 25715322 PMCID: PMC4382825 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2014.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attrition is a significant problem in family-based treatment (FBT) for childhood obesity. Despite this, very few studies have examined factors associated with attrition. The current study examined parent symptoms of depression and binge eating as predictors of attrition in FBT. METHODS Participants included 77 parents of overweight children enrolled in FBT for childhood obesity. Data were collected at baseline and post-treatment. Binary logistic regression was used to assess associations between parent binge eating symptoms, depressive symptoms, and attrition. RESULTS Results showed that parent binge eating symptoms (p=0.02), but not depressive symptoms (p=0.07), were significantly associated with attrition, after controlling for parent BMI, treatment group assignment, and family income. CONCLUSIONS Higher reported parent binge eating symptoms were significantly related to attrition in FBT. Assessment of parent binge eating may be important in identifying families at risk for dropping out of FBT. Further, FBT may need to be adapted for families with parents who have a high level of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby L. Braden
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jennifer Madowitz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Brittany E. Matheson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Kristie Bergmann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Alliant International University, San Diego, CA
| | - Scott J. Crow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.,Emily Program, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Kerri N. Boutelle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Brownley KA, Boettiger CA, Young L, Cefalu WT. Dietary chromium supplementation for targeted treatment of diabetes patients with comorbid depression and binge eating. Med Hypotheses 2015; 85:45-8. [PMID: 25838140 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dietary chromium supplementation for the treatment of diabetes remains controversial. The prevailing view that chromium supplementation for glucose regulation is unjustified has been based upon prior studies showing mixed, modest-sized effects in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Based on chromium's potential to improve insulin, dopamine, and serotonin function, we hypothesize that chromium has a greater glucoregulatory effect in individuals who have concurrent disturbances in dopamine and serotonin function--that is, complex patients with comorbid diabetes, depression, and binge eating. We propose, as suggested by the collective data to date, the need to go beyond the "one size fits all" approach to chromium supplementation and put forth a series of experiments designed to link physiological and neurobehavioral processes in the chromium response phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Brownley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Charlotte A Boettiger
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura Young
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - William T Cefalu
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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Dietary Adherence, Glycemic Control, and Psychological Factors Associated with Binge Eating Among Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Chileans with Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Behav Med 2015; 22:792-8. [PMID: 25786595 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-015-9478-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the strong association between obesity and binge eating, limited research has examined the implications of binge eating on dietary adherence and psychological factors in ethnically diverse type 2 diabetes patients. PURPOSE This study investigated the prevalence of binge eating and its association with dietary adherence, glycemic control, and psychological factors among indigenous and non-indigenous type 2 diabetes patients in Chile. METHOD Participants were 387 indigenous (Mapuche) and non-indigenous (non-Mapuche) adults with type 2 diabetes. Self-report measures of binge eating, dietary adherence, diet self-efficacy, body image dissatisfaction, and psychological well-being were administered. Participants' weight, height, and glycemic control (HbA(1c)) were also obtained. RESULTS Approximately 8 % of the type 2 diabetes patients reported binge eating. The prevalence among Mapuche patients was 4.9 %, and among non-Mapuche patients, it was 9.9 %. Compared to non-binge eaters, binge eating diabetes patients had greater body mass index values, consumed more high-fat foods, were less likely to adhere to their eating plan, and reported poorer body image and emotional well-being. CONCLUSION Results of this study extend previous research by examining the co-occurrence of binge eating and type 2 diabetes as well as the associated dietary behaviors, glycemic control, and psychological factors among indigenous and non-indigenous patients in Chile. These findings may increase our understanding of the health challenges faced by indigenous populations from other countries and highlight the need for additional research that may inform interventions addressing binge eating in diverse patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Masheb RM, Lutes LD, Kim HM, Holleman RG, Goodrich DE, Janney CA, Kirsh S, Richardson CR, Damschroder LJ. High-frequency binge eating predicts weight gain among veterans receiving behavioral weight loss treatments. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23:54-61. [PMID: 25385705 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess for the frequency of binge eating behavior and its association with weight loss in an overweight/obese sample of veterans. METHODS This study is a secondary analysis of data from the ASPIRE study, a randomized effectiveness trial of weight loss among veterans. Of the 481 enrolled veterans with overweight/obesity, binge eating frequency was obtained by survey for 392 (82%). RESULTS The majority (77.6%) reported binge eating, and 6.1% reported high-frequency binge eating. Those reporting any binge eating lost 1.4% of body weight, decreased waist circumference by 2.0 cm, and had significantly worse outcomes than those reporting never binge eating who lost about double the weight (2.7%) and reduced waist circumference by twice as much (4.2 cm). The high-frequency binge group gained 1.4% of body weight and increased waist circumference by 0.3 cm. CONCLUSIONS High rates of binge eating were observed in an overweight/obese sample of veterans enrolled in weight loss treatment. The presence of binge eating predicted poorer weight loss outcomes. Furthermore, high-frequency binge eating was associated with weight gain. These findings have operational and policy implications for developing effective strategies to address binge eating in the context of behavioral weight loss programs for veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M Masheb
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Abstract
Diabetes is an increasingly common health problem, and accounts for one-tenth of NHS spending, chiefly managing avoidable complications. Approximately one-third of people with diabetes have psychological and/or social problems which impede their ability to self-manage their diabetes. Identifying certain indicators which suggest high risk of co-morbid mental health problems will allow these to be identified and treated early. Ensuring that any mental health problems are treated and social needs are met, will be valuable in improving the individuals health. Addressing the psychiatric and psychological barriers to good glucose control can help to reduce the burden of diabetes and its complications, on both the individual and the wider health service.
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Danielsen KK, Sundgot-Borgen J, Mæhlum S, Svendsen M. Beyond weight reduction: improvements in quality of life after an intensive lifestyle intervention in subjects with severe obesity. Ann Med 2014; 46:273-82. [PMID: 24491067 DOI: 10.3109/07853890.2013.874660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We examined the effects of 10-14 weeks of inpatient intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI), including a minimum of 90 minutes of adapted physical activity 5 days/week, with regard to changes in quality of life and associations with weight loss in subjects with severe obesity. METHODS A total of 100 severely obese subjects (BMI 42.6 ± 5.3 kg/m(2); 42.7 ± 10.6 years) were included. Quality of life was assessed by Binge Eating Scale, Hospital Anxiety, and Depression Scale, and SF- 36. The ILI group completed the questionnaires at inclusion, after 10-14 weeks and 12 months, and controls at inclusion and after 10-14 weeks. RESULTS Compared to controls, self-reported binge eating (-6.4, P < 0.0001), anxiety (-1.7, P = 0.005), and depression (-3.0, P < 0.0001) were reduced, and physical (8.0, P < 0.0001) and mental (7.6, P < 0.0001) health increased in the ILI group. After 12 months, reduction in self-reported binge eating (-7.2, P < 0.0001) and depression (-3.4, P < 0.0001) and increase in physical (8.9, P < 0.0001) and mental (3.6, P = 0.035) health were maintained. Decreased self-reported binge eating (β = 0.555, P = 0.010) and increased physical health (β = -0.554, P = 0.003) were associated with weight loss. CONCLUSION ILI including a high volume of physical activity in subjects with severe obesity improved quality of life by favorable changes in self-reported binge eating, depression, and mental and physical health. Improvements in binge eating and physical health were associated with weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjersti Karoline Danielsen
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences , PO Box 4014 Ullevaal Stadion, 0806 Oslo , Norway
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35
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Wharton S, Sharma AM, Lau DC. Prise en charge du poids en présence de diabète. Can J Diabetes 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Huggins GS, Papandonatos GD, Erar B, Belalcazar LM, Brautbar A, Ballantyne C, Kitabchi AE, Wagenknecht LE, Knowler WC, Pownall HJ, Wing RR, Peter I, McCaffery JM. Do genetic modifiers of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels also modify their response to a lifestyle intervention in the setting of obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus?: The Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 6:391-9. [PMID: 23861364 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.113.000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides are cardiovascular risk factors susceptible to lifestyle behavior modification and genetics. We hypothesized that genetic variants identified by genome-wide association studies as associated with HDL-C or triglyceride levels modify 1-year treatment response to an intensive lifestyle intervention, relative to a usual care of diabetes mellitus support and education. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated 82 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which represent 31 loci demonstrated by genome-wide association studies to be associated with HDL-C and triglycerides, in 3561 participants who consented for genetic studies and met eligibility criteria. Variants associated with higher baseline HDL-C levels, cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) rs3764261 and hepatic lipase (LIPC) rs8034802, were found to be associated with HDL-C increases with intensive lifestyle intervention (P=0.0038 and 0.013, respectively) and had nominally significant treatment interactions (P=0.047 and 0.046, respectively). The fatty acid desaturase-2 rs1535 variant, associated with low baseline HDL-C (P=0.017), was associated with HDL-C increases with intensive lifestyle intervention (0.0037) and had a nominal treatment interaction (P=0.035). Apolipoprotein B (rs693) and LIPC (rs8034802) single-nucleotide polymorphisms showed nominally significant associations with HDL-C and triglyceride changes with intensive lifestyle intervention and a treatment interaction (P<0.05). Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase-1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs4082919) showed the most significant triglyceride treatment interaction in the full cohort (P=0.0009). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to identify genetic variants modifying lipid responses to a randomized lifestyle behavior intervention in overweight or obese individuals with diabetes mellitus. The effects of genetic factors on lipid changes may differ from the effects on baseline lipids and are modifiable by behavioral intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon S Huggins
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Halpern CH, Tekriwal A, Santollo J, Keating JG, Wolf JA, Daniels D, Bale TL. Amelioration of binge eating by nucleus accumbens shell deep brain stimulation in mice involves D2 receptor modulation. J Neurosci 2013; 33:7122-9. [PMID: 23616522 PMCID: PMC3703148 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3237-12.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedonic overconsumption contributing to obesity involves altered activation within the mesolimbic dopamine system. Dysregulation of dopamine signaling in the nucleus accumbens shell (NAS) has been implicated in reward-seeking behaviors, such as binge eating, which contributes to treatment resistance in obesity (Wise, 2012). Direct modulation of the NAS with deep brain stimulation (DBS), a surgical procedure currently under investigation in humans for the treatment of major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addiction, may also be effective in ameliorating binge eating. Therefore, we examined the ability of DBS of the NAS to block this behavior in mice. c-Fos immunoreactivity was assessed as a marker of DBS-mediated neuronal activation. NAS DBS was found to reduce binge eating and increased c-Fos levels in this region. DBS of the dorsal striatum had no influence on this behavior, demonstrating anatomical specificity for this effect. The dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, raclopride, attenuated the action of DBS, whereas the D1 receptor antagonist, SCH-23390, was ineffective, suggesting that dopamine signaling involving D2 receptors underlies the effect of NAS DBS. To determine the potential translational relevance to the obese state, chronic NAS DBS was also examined in diet-induced obese mice and was found to acutely reduce caloric intake and induce weight loss. Together, these findings support the involvement of the mesolimbic dopamine pathways in the hedonic mechanisms contributing to obesity, and the efficacy of NAS DBS to modulate this system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anand Tekriwal
- Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, and
| | - Jessica Santollo
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260
| | | | | | - Derek Daniels
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260
| | - Tracy L. Bale
- Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, and
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Yavangi M, Amirzargar MA, Amirzargar N, Dadashpour M. Does Ramadan fasting has any effects on menstrual cycles? IRANIAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 2013; 11:145-50. [PMID: 24639740 PMCID: PMC3941357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND During the month of Ramadan, millions of Muslims abstain from food and drink daily from dawn to sunset and people actually experience repeated cycles of fasting and refeeding. Menstruation is a normal physiological process that its regularity is controlled by hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Etiology of menstrual dysfunction includes weight loss, hypoleptinemia, abnormal eating behaviors, exercise, and psychological stressors. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on menstrual cycles. MATERIALS AND METHODS This analytic cross-sectional study was performed on 80 female college students resident in a dormitory of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences. A questionnaire including demographic characteristics and menstrual calendar was filled by all participants. All analyses were performed using the statistical software SPSS for Windows version 11.5. RESULTS We found 11.3%, 30%, and 16.3% of participates had abnormal menstrual pattern three months before, during and three months after Ramadan, respectively. In participates who fast more than 15 days, menstrual period had significantly more abnormality than participants who fast less than 15 days. Considering our results we demonstrated that menstrual abnormalities during Ramadan month reach to their peak and three months after Ramadan reduce but do not return to previous condition. CONCLUSION This study confirms that menstrual abnormalities including oligomenorrhea, polymenorrhea and hypermenorrhea increased during Ramadan especially in participates with more than 15 days of fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Yavangi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fatemieh Infertility Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Brownstone LM, Bardone-Cone AM, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Printz KS, Le Grange D, Mitchell JE, Crow SJ, Peterson CB, Crosby RD, Klein MH, Wonderlich SA, Joiner TE. Subjective and objective binge eating in relation to eating disorder symptomatology, negative affect, and personality dimensions. Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:66-76. [PMID: 23109272 PMCID: PMC3832259 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study explored the clinical meaningfulness of distinguishing subjective (SBE) from objective binge eating (OBE) among individuals with threshold/subthreshold bulimia nervosa (BN). We examined relations between OBEs and SBEs and eating disorder symptoms, negative affect, and personality dimensions using both a group comparison and a continuous approach. METHOD Participants were 204 adult females meeting criteria for threshold/subthreshold BN who completed questionnaires related to disordered eating, affect, and personality. RESULTS Group comparisons indicated that SBE and OBE groups did not significantly differ on eating disorder pathology or negative affect, but did differ on two personality dimensions (cognitive distortion and attentional impulsivity). Using the continuous approach, we found that frequencies of SBEs (not OBEs) accounted for unique variance in weight/shape concern, diuretic use frequency, depressive symptoms, anxiety, social avoidance, insecure attachment, and cognitive distortion. DISCUSSION SBEs in the context of BN may indicate broader areas of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Daniel Le Grange
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago
| | | | | | | | - Ross D. Crosby
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota
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Heinberg LJ. Comment on: Optimizing long-term weight control after bariatric surgery: a pilot study. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2012; 8:715-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kiernan M, Brown SD, Schoffman DE, Lee K, King AC, Taylor CB, Schleicher NC, Perri MG. Promoting healthy weight with "stability skills first": a randomized trial. J Consult Clin Psychol 2012; 81:336-46. [PMID: 23106759 DOI: 10.1037/a0030544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although behavioral weight-loss interventions produce short-term weight loss, long-term maintenance remains elusive. This randomized trial examined whether learning a novel set of "stability skills" before losing weight improved long-term weight management. Stability skills were designed to optimize individuals' current satisfaction with lifestyle and self-regulatory habits while requiring the minimum effort and attention necessary. METHOD Overweight/obese women (N = 267) were randomly assigned to one of two 6-month interventions and assessed at baseline and at 6, 12, and 18 months. Maintenance First women participated first in an 8-week stability skills maintenance module and then in a standard 20-week behavioral weight-loss program. Weight Loss First women participated first in a standard 20-week behavioral weight-loss program and then in a standard 8-week problem-solving skills maintenance module. There was no intervention staff contact during the 12-month follow-up period (6-18 months). RESULTS As designed, Maintenance First participants lost the same percentage of initial weight during the 6-month intervention period as Weight Loss First participants (M = -8.6%, SD = 5.7, vs. M = -9.1%, SD = 6.9; t = -0.6, p = .52). However, Maintenance First participants regained significantly less weight during the 12-month follow-up period (6-18 months) than Weight Loss First participants (M = 3.2 lb, SD = 10.4, vs. M = 7.3 lb, SD = 9.9 [M = 1.4 kg, SD = 4.7, vs. M = 3.3 kg, SD = 4.5]; t = 3.3, p = .001, d = 0.4). CONCLUSION Learning stability skills before losing weight was successful in helping women to maintain weight loss without intervention staff contact during follow-up. These results can inform the study design of future innovative interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kiernan
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5411, USA.
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Faulconbridge LF, Wadden TA, Rubin RR, Wing RR, Walkup MP, Fabricatore AN, Coday M, Van Dorsten B, Mount DL, Ewing LJ. One-year changes in symptoms of depression and weight in overweight/obese individuals with type 2 diabetes in the Look AHEAD study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2012; 20:783-93. [PMID: 22016099 PMCID: PMC3298842 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2011.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Depressed individuals are frequently excluded from weight loss trials because of fears that weight reduction may precipitate mood disorders, as well as concerns that depressed participants will not lose weight satisfactorily. The present study examined participants in the Look AHEAD study to determine whether moderate weight loss would be associated with incident symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation, and whether symptoms of depression at baseline would limit weight loss at 1 year. Overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 5,145) were randomly assigned to an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI) or a usual care group, Diabetes Support and Education (DSE). Of these, 5,129 participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and had their weight measured at baseline and 1 year. Potentially significant symptoms of depression were defined by a BDI score ≥10. Participants in ILI lost 8.6 ± 6.9% of initial weight at 1 year, compared to 0.7 ± 4.8% for DSE (P < 0.001, effect size = 1.33), and had a reduction of 1.4 ± 4.7 points on the BDI, compared to 0.4 ± 4.5 for DSE (P < 0.001, effect size = 0.23). At 1 year, the incidence of potentially significant symptoms of depression was significantly lower in the ILI than DSE group (6.3% vs. 9.6%) (relative risk (RR) = 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.5, 0.8; P < 0.001). In the ILI group, participants with and without symptoms of depression lost 7.8 ± 6.7% and 8.7 ± 6.9%, respectively, a difference not considered clinically meaningful. Intentional weight loss was not associated with the precipitation of symptoms of depression, but instead appeared to protect against this occurrence. Mild (or greater) symptoms of depression at baseline did not prevent overweight/obese individuals with type 2 diabetes from achieving significant weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy F Faulconbridge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Carvalho-Ferreira JPD, Cipullo MAT, Caranti DA, Masquio DCL, Andrade-Silva SG, Pisani LP, Dâmaso AR. Interdisciplinary lifestyle therapy improves binge eating symptoms and body image dissatisfaction in Brazilian obese adults. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2012; 34:223-33. [DOI: 10.1590/s2237-60892012000400008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Obesity is related to numerous negative consequences for physical and mental health. It is often associated with the presence of binge eating disorder, body image dissatisfaction, and general psychopathology. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of an interdisciplinary lifestyle therapy on binge eating symptoms, depression, anxiety, body dissatisfaction, and quality of life in obese adults. METHODS: A total of 49 obese adults (body mass index = 37.35±5.82 kg/m²; age = 44.14±10.00 years) participated in a weight-loss program for 6 months. Symptoms suggestive of binge eating, body dissatisfaction, depression, anxiety, and quality of life were measured using self-reported questionnaires. Food intake was assessed using a 3-day dietary record. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: ANOVA results showed a reduction in binge eating symptoms and in body dissatisfaction results. Depression and anxiety symptoms also decreased, and an increase was observed in quality of life scores. After therapy, a significant improvement was observed in dietary patterns, as well as significant weight loss. A positive correlation was found between variation of anxiety symptoms and lipid intake. Binge eating symptoms were associated with anxiety symptoms and body image dissatisfaction, and body image dissatisfaction correlated positively with anxiety symptoms in males only. In females, a positive correlation was observed between depression and binge eating symptoms. CONCLUSION: The interdisciplinary therapy was effective in promoting positive physical and psychological changes and in improving the quality of life of obese adults.
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Webb JB, Applegate KL, Grant JP. A comparative analysis of Type 2 diabetes and binge eating disorder in a bariatric sample. Eat Behav 2011; 12:175-81. [PMID: 21741014 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An emerging literature has illuminated an important link between Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and binge eating disorder (BED) within obese cohorts. However, prior work has not examined this relationship specifically in a weight loss surgery (WLS) sample or fully explored potential psychosocial factors associated with this co-occurrence. Therefore, the present investigation sought to identify socio-demographic (i.e. age, education, BMI, ethnicity, gender, age of obesity onset) and psychological (i.e. depressive symptoms, hedonic hunger/food locus of control beliefs, severity of binge eating-related cognitions) correlates of the co-occurrence of Type 2 DM and BED among bariatric surgery candidates. An archival sample of 488 patients seeking surgical treatment for clinical obesity completed a standard battery of pre-operative psychosocial measures. The presence of BED was evaluated using a semi-structured clinical interview based on the DSM-IV TR (APA, 2000) and was further corroborated by responses on the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised (QEWP-R; Spitzer, Yanovski, & Marcus, 1993). Results indicated that 8.2% of the sample was classified as having both Type 2 DM and BED concurrently. A multivariate logistic regression model revealed that in addition to other psychological (e.g., binge eating-related cognitions, hedonic hunger) and demographic variables (i.e. male gender), African American ethnicity (OR=3.3: 1.41-7.73) was a particularly robust indicator of comorbid status. Findings support and extend previous health disparity research urging greater attention to the needs of traditionally underserved, at-risk populations seeking treatment for obesity complicated by dysregulated eating and metabolism. Additionally, these preliminary results underscore the relevance of considering the potential benefits of providing quality comprehensive pre- and post-operative psychological care among bariatric patients towards optimizing both short- and long-term health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B Webb
- UNC Charlotte Department of Psychology, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
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Bishop-Gilyard CT, Berkowitz RI, Wadden TA, Gehrman CA, Cronquist JL, Moore RH. Weight reduction in obese adolescents with and without binge eating. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2011; 19:982-7. [PMID: 20948512 PMCID: PMC3082597 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2010.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about binge eating (BE) in adolescents. The primary aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between BE and weight loss in adolescents (BMI ≥95th percentile) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of behavioral and pharmacologic treatment of obesity. Participants were 82 treatment-seeking adolescents (BMI = 37.9 ± 3.8 kg/m(2); age = 14.1 ± 1.2 years; 67% females; 42% African American, 55% white). Participants completed the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the Piers Harris Self-Esteem Questionnaire, and the Eating Inventory (including cognitive restraint, disinhibition, and hunger scales). BE was assessed by a questionnaire and a confirmatory interview. At baseline, 24% of participants met criteria for BE (N = 13 met full BE disorder (BED) criteria; N = 7 met subthreshold BE). There were no significant differences in percentage reduction in initial BMI between participants with or without BE at month 6 (-7.0 ± 1.6 vs. -6.9 ± 0.9%) or month 12 (-8.8 ± 2.4 vs. -8.3 ± 1.3%) (omnibus main effect BE P = 0.89, interaction BE × time P = 0.84, interaction BE × drug P = 0.61). The rate of BE declined significantly over time from 24% (n = 20) at baseline to 8% (n = 6) at month 6 and 3% (n = 2) at month 12 (P = 0.003). There were significant decreases in hunger and disinhibition as well as an increase in cognitive restraint over time (all P ≤ 0.0001). Findings suggest a combination of behavioral and pharmacologic therapy may produce both weight loss and improvement in BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanelle T Bishop-Gilyard
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Dalle Grave R, Calugi S, Ruocco A, Marchesini G. Night eating syndrome and weight loss outcome in obese patients. Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:150-6. [PMID: 20127932 DOI: 10.1002/eat.20786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The clinical significance of diagnosing the night eating syndrome (NES) in obese individuals has not been clearly demonstrated. We aimed to test the effect of NES on weight loss outcome in obesity. METHOD In an observational case-control study, we measured weight loss outcome in obese individuals with NES (32 cases) and 68 non-NES matched participants entering a weight-loss program. The diagnosis of NES was generated by a two-stage assessment, including the Night Eating Questionnaire (screening test) and the Night Eating Syndrome History and Inventory. The program included a 21-day inpatient treatment based on a low-calorie diet, exercise, and psycho-educational groups, followed by a 6-month outpatient follow-up. Body weight, metabolic parameters, and questionnaires of psychopathology were assessed at baseline, at the end of the inpatient period and at the end of follow-up. RESULTS NES participants were only characterized by significantly higher scores of the Beck Depression Inventory and the Night Eating Questionnaire. The time course of weight loss did not differ between groups throughout the study period. Only eight NES participants were still classified as NES at study end. DISCUSSION The presence of NES does not affect weight loss outcome of an obesity treatment based on lifestyle modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Dalle Grave
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorder, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda (Vr), Italy
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Lo Presti R, Lai J, Hildebrandt T, Loeb KL. Psychological Treatments for Obesity in Youth and Adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 77:472-87. [DOI: 10.1002/msj.20205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Dalle Grave R, Calugi S, Petroni ML, Di Domizio S, Marchesini G. Weight management, psychological distress and binge eating in obesity. A reappraisal of the problem. Appetite 2010; 54:269-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2009.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2009] [Revised: 11/01/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wonderlich SA, Gordon KH, Mitchell JE, Crosby RD, Engel SG. The validity and clinical utility of binge eating disorder. Int J Eat Disord 2009; 42:687-705. [PMID: 19621466 DOI: 10.1002/eat.20719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review attempted to examine the validity and clinical utility of the DSM-IV binge eating disorder (BED) diagnosis across a wide range of validating strategies. METHOD Various electronic databases (Pub Med, Psych Info) were searched for terms relevant to the diagnosis of BED (e.g., binge eating disorder, binge eating) in order to identify papers. Additionally, published papers were reviewed in order to locate additional manuscripts and papers that were presented at meetings. RESULTS The validity and utility of BED varied substantially according to the validator chosen. There is reasonable evidence that BED can be differentiated from other existing eating disorders and is associated with significant impairment and clinical levels of eating disorder psychopathology. The relationship of BED to obesity is complex, and in spite of some positive findings, further research examining the predictive power of BED, beyond the simple presence of obesity and associated psychopathology, in relationship to clinically relevant outcomes is needed. DISCUSSION Binge eating disorder is being considered for inclusion in the DSM-V and various options regarding this decision are reviewed based upon the empirical findings in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Wonderlich
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 120 8th Street South, P.O. Box 1415, Fargo, North Dakota 58107-1415, USA.
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