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Yang S, Pi J, Ma W, Gu W, Zhang H, Xu A, Liu Y, Shi T, Yang F, Chen L. Prognostic value of the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) in patients with chronic heart failure across the different ejection fraction spectrum. Libyan J Med 2024; 19:2309757. [PMID: 38290043 PMCID: PMC10829812 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2024.2309757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The ratio of fibrinogen to albumin (FAR) is considered a new inflammatory biomarker and a predictor of cardiovascular disease risk. However, its prognostic value for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with different ejection fractions (EFs) remains unclear. A total of 916 hospitalized patients with CHF from January 2017 to October 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were included in the study. Death occurred in 417 (45.5%) patients out of 916 patients during a median follow-up time of 750 days. Among these patients, 381 patients suffered from HFrEF (LVEF <40%) and 535 patients suffered from HFpEF or HFmrEF (HFpEF plus HFmrEF, LVEF ≥ 40%). Patients were categorized into high-level FAR (FAR-H) and low-level FAR (FAR-L) groups based on the optimal cut-off value of FAR (9.06) obtained from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Upon analysing the Kaplan - Meier plots, the incidence of death was significantly higher in all patients with FAR-H and patients in both HF subgroups (p < 0.001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses indicated that the FAR was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality, regardless of heart failure subtype. (HR 1.115, 95% CI 1.089-1.142, p < 0.001; HFpEF plus HFmrEF, HR 1.109, 95% CI 1.074-1.146, p < 0.0001; HFrEF, HR 1.138, 95% CI 1.094-1.183, p < 0.0001) The optimal cut-off value of FAR in predicting all-cause mortality was 9.06 with an area under the curve value of 0.720 (95% CI: 0.687-0.753, p < 0.001), a sensitivity of 68.8% and a specificity of 65.6%. After adjusting for the traditional indicators (LVEF, Lg BNP, etc.), the new model with the FAR had better prediction ability in patients with CHF. Elevated FAR is an independent predictor of death in CHF and is not related to the HF subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Jiangyuan Pi
- Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenfang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Wenyi Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Anyu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Fazhi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Lixing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, China
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Cordero A, Velasco I, Flores E, López-Ayala JM, Sánchez-Munuera S, Muñoz-Villalba MP, Selva-Mora A, Galán-Giménez F, de la Espriella R, Nuñez J. Heart failure biomarkers and prediction of early left ventricle remodeling after acute coronary syndromes. Clin Biochem 2024; 131-132:110814. [PMID: 39218335 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2024.110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several biomarkers are characteristically elevated in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Our hypothesis was they could predict early changes in left ventricular (LV) characteristics in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. The objective of this study was two-fold: a) compare circulating concentrations of NT-pro BNP, CA-125, ST2, galectin-3 and pro-adrenomedullin among 4 groups of individuals (healthy controls; patients with ACS without AHF; patients with ACS and AHF and patients admitted for AHF); and b) evaluate whether these biomarkers predict adverse LV remodeling and ejection fraction changes in ACS. METHODS 6 biomarkers (NT-pro BNP, CA-125, ST2, galectin-3, pro-adrenomedullin and C-reactive) were measured within the first 48 h of admission. Echocardiograms were performed during admission and at 3 months. Variables associated with LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) and ejection fraction (LVEF) change were assessed by multivariate linear regression. RESULTS We analyzed 51 patients with ACS, 16 with AHF and, 20 healthy controls. NT-pro BNP and ST2 concentrations were elevated at similar values in patients admitted for AHF and ACS complicated with HF but CA-125 concentrations were higher in AHF patients. NT-pro BNP concentrations were positively correlated with CA-125 (rho = 0.58; p < 0.001), ST2 (rho = 0.58; p < 0.001) and galectin-3 (rho = 0.37; p < 0.001) Median change (median days was 83 days after) in EDV and LVEF was 5 %. CA-125 concentrations were positively associated to LV EDV change (β-coefficient 1.56) and negatively with LVEF trend (β-coefficient = -0.86). No other biomarker predicted changes in EDV or LVEF. CONCLUSIONS CA-125 correlates with early LV remodeling and LVEF deterioration in ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cordero
- Cardiology Department, Hospital IMED Elche, Elche, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Cardiovascular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain.
| | - Irene Velasco
- Ginaecology Laboratory, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, Alicante, Spain
| | - Emilio Flores
- Departamento de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, Alicante, Spain
| | - José Mª López-Ayala
- Grupo de Investigación Cardiovascular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | | | | | - Alejandro Selva-Mora
- Departamento de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Rafael de la Espriella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain; Cardiology Department. Hospital, Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Nuñez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain; Cardiology Department. Hospital, Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain; Fundación de Investigación INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Bozkurt B, Ahmad T, Alexander K, Baker WL, Bosak K, Breathett K, Carter S, Drazner MH, Dunlay SM, Fonarow GC, Greene SJ, Heidenreich P, Ho JE, Hsich E, Ibrahim NE, Jones LM, Khan SS, Khazanie P, Koelling T, Lee CS, Morris AA, Page RL, Pandey A, Piano MR, Sandhu AT, Stehlik J, Stevenson LW, Teerlink J, Vest AR, Yancy C, Ziaeian B. HF STATS 2024: Heart Failure Epidemiology and Outcomes Statistics An Updated 2024 Report from the Heart Failure Society of America. J Card Fail 2024:S1071-9164(24)00232-X. [PMID: 39322534 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
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Lin X, Huang S, Li Z, Xie Y, Xia Y, Tan Y, Chen X. Effectiveness of the frailty index in predicting short-term and long-term mortality risk in patients with chronic heart failure. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 128:105635. [PMID: 39293216 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the effectiveness of a newly constructed frailty index (FI) for predicting short-term and long-term mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included inpatients aged ≥60 years diagnosed with chronic HF at a teaching hospital in western China. General data on the patients were collected from the electronic medical record system between January 1, 2017, and July 7, 2022, and death information was obtained from follow-up calls made from July 31, 2022, to August 1, 2022. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the accuracy of the FI in predicting death in patients with chronic HF. Logistic regression (during hospitalization and within 30 days after discharge) and Cox regression (within 180 days after discharge and one year after discharge) analyses were used to assess associations between frailty and mortality risk in elderly patients with chronic HF. RESULTS A total of 432 patients with chronic HF were included in the study. The non-frail group had FI values <0.3, while the FI values in the frail group were ≥0.3. Overall, 130 patients (30.09 %) were diagnosed with frailty, 66 (15.28 %) died during hospitalization or within 30 days after discharge, 55 (12.73 %) died within 180 days after discharge, and 68 (15.74 %) died within one year after discharge. The in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates, the 180-day mortality rates, and the 1-year mortality rates were higher in frail patients than in non-frail patients (in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates, 37.69 % vs. 5.63 %, P < 0.001; within 180 days, 30.61 % vs. 8.45 %, P < 0.001; within 1 year, 34.69 % vs. 11.49 %, P < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) values of FI for predicting in-hospital and 30-day mortality after discharge were 0.804, with values of 0.721 for 180-day mortality after discharge and 0.720 for 1-year mortality after discharge. Logistic regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounders indicated that frail HF patients had a higher risk of death during hospitalization and within 30 days than non-frail patients (odds ratio [OR] = 4.98, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 2.46-10.09). Cox regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounders showed that frail HF patients had a higher risk of death within 180 days (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.63, 95 %CI: 1.47-4.72) and within 1 year (HR = 2.01, 95 %CI: 1.19-3.38). CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that the new FI constructed according to the established construction rules could predict the in-hospital mortality and the risk of death within 30 days after discharge, 180 days after discharge, and 1 year after discharge in patients with chronic HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lin
- The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Department of Geriatric, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Sha Huang
- The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Department of Geriatric, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhouyu Li
- The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Department of Geriatric, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yukuan Xie
- The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Department of Geriatric, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Xia
- The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Department of Geriatric, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Youguo Tan
- The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Department of Geriatric, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Department of Geriatric, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.
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Asar TO, Al-Abbasi FA, Sheikh RA, Zeyadi MAM, Nadeem MS, Naqvi S, Kumar V, Anwar F. Metformin's dual impact on Gut microbiota and cardiovascular health: A comprehensive analysis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117128. [PMID: 39079259 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) cause significant global morbidity, mortality and public health burden annually. CVD alters richness, diversity, and composition of Gut microbiota along with RAS and histopathological differences. Present study explores Metformin role in mitigating doxorubicin induced cardiovascular toxicity/remodeling. Animals were divided into 4 groups with n=6: Group I (N. Control) free access to diet and water; Group II (MET. Control) on oral Metformin (250 mg/kg) daily; Group III (DOX. Control) alternate day intraperitoneal Doxorubicin (3 mg/kg) totaling 18 mg/kg; Group IV (DOX. MET. Control) received both daily oral Metformin (250 mg/kg) and alternate day Doxorubicin (3 mg/kg). Gut microbial analysis was made from stool before animals were sacrificed for biochemical and histopathological analysis. Significant alterations were observed in ɑ and β-diversity with new genus from Firmicutes, specifically Clostridia_UCG-014, Eubacterium ruminantium, and Tunicibacter, were prevalent in both the DOX. Control and DOX.MET groups. Proteobacteria, represented by Succinivibrio, were absent in all groups. Additionally, Parabacteroides from the Bacteroidia phylum was absent in all groups except the N. control. In the DOX.MET Control group, levels of Angiotensin II ( 7.75± 0.49 nmol/min, p<0.01) and Renin (2.60±0.26 ng/ml/hr) were significantly reduced. Conversely, levels of CK-MB, Fibrinogen, Troponin, CRP ( p < 0.0001), and TNFɑ (p < 0.05) were elevated. Histopathological examination revealed substantial cardiac changes, including Fibrinogen and fat deposition and eosinophilic infiltration, as well as liver damage characterized by binucleated cells and damaged hepatocytes, along with altered renal tissues in the DOX.MET.Control group. The findings suggest that MET. significantly modifies gut microbiota, particularly impacting the Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla. The reduction in Angiotensin II levels, alongside increased inflammatory markers and myocardial damage, highlights the complex interactions and potential adverse effects associated with MET therapy on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turky Omar Asar
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts at Alkamil, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad A Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ryan Adnan Sheikh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salma Naqvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, SHUATS, Prayagraj, India.
| | - Firoz Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Tromp J, Teng THK. Regional Differences in the Epidemiology of Heart Failure. Korean Circ J 2024; 54:54.e87. [PMID: 39175346 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2024.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) epidemiology, patient characteristics, and clinical outcomes exhibit substantial regional variations, reflecting diverse etiologies and health system capacities. This review comprehensively analyses these variations, drawing on data from recent global registries and clinical trials. Our review indicates that ischemic and hypertensive heart diseases are prevalent globally but differ in dominance depending on the region. Notably, regions such as Africa and Latin America show higher instances of HF from hypertensive heart disease and Chagas cardiomyopathy, respectively. Moreover, disparities in age and comorbidity profiles across regions highlight younger populations with HF in lower-income countries compared to older populations in high-income regions. This review also highlights the global disparity in guideline-directed medical and device therapy, underscoring significant underuse in lower-income regions. These insights emphasize the need for targeted HF management strategies considering regional clinical and demographic characteristics to enhance global HF care and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Tromp
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Tiew-Hwa Katherine Teng
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
- School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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7
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Karthikeyan G, Ntsekhe M, Islam S, Rangarajan S, Avezum A, Benz A, Cabral TTJ, Changsheng M, Chillo P, Gonzalez-Hermosillo JA, Gitura B, Damasceno A, Dans AML, Davletov K, Elghamrawy A, ElSayed A, Fana GT, Gondwe L, Haileamlak A, Kayani AM, Lwabi P, Maklady F, Molefe-Baikai OJ, Musuku J, Ogah OS, Paniagua M, Rusingiza E, Sharma SK, Zuhlke L, Connolly S, Yusuf S. Mortality and Morbidity in Adults With Rheumatic Heart Disease. JAMA 2024; 332:133-140. [PMID: 38837131 PMCID: PMC11154374 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2024.8258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Importance Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a public health issue in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, there are few large studies enrolling individuals from multiple endemic countries. Objective To assess the risk and predictors of major patient-important clinical outcomes in patients with clinical RHD. Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter, hospital-based, prospective observational study including 138 sites in 24 RHD-endemic LMICs. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were cause-specific mortality, heart failure (HF) hospitalization, stroke, recurrent rheumatic fever, and infective endocarditis. This study analyzed event rates by World Bank country income groups and determined the predictors of mortality using multivariable Cox models. Results Between August 2016 and May 2022, a total of 13 696 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 43.2 years and 72% were women. Data on vital status were available for 12 967 participants (94.7%) at the end of follow-up. Over a median duration of 3.2 years (41 478 patient-years), 1943 patients died (15% overall; 4.7% per patient-year). Most deaths were due to vascular causes (1312 [67.5%]), mainly HF or sudden cardiac death. The number of patients undergoing valve surgery (604 [4.4%]) and HF hospitalization (2% per year) was low. Strokes were infrequent (0.6% per year) and recurrent rheumatic fever was rare. Markers of severe valve disease, such as congestive HF (HR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.50-1.87]; P < .001), pulmonary hypertension (HR, 1.52 [95% CI, 1.37-1.69]; P < .001), and atrial fibrillation (HR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.15-1.46]; P < .001) were associated with increased mortality. Treatment with surgery (HR, 0.23 [95% CI, 0.12-0.44]; P < .001) or valvuloplasty (HR, 0.24 [95% CI, 0.06-0.95]; P = .042) were associated with lower mortality. Higher country income level was associated with lower mortality after adjustment for patient-level factors. Conclusions and Relevance Mortality in RHD is high and is correlated with the severity of valve disease. Valve surgery and valvuloplasty were associated with substantially lower mortality. Study findings suggest a greater need to improve access to surgical and interventional care, in addition to the current approaches focused on antibiotic prophylaxis and anticoagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Karthikeyan
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Mpiko Ntsekhe
- Division of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shofiqul Islam
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alvaro Avezum
- International Research Center, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexander Benz
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Philly Chillo
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Bernard Gitura
- Kenyatta National Teaching & Referral Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Kairat Davletov
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Health Research Institute, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | | | | | - Abraham Haileamlak
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali
- Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Fathi Maklady
- Department of Cardiology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - John Musuku
- University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Okechukwu Samuel Ogah
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Maria Paniagua
- College of Medicine Sciences, National University of Concepción, Concepción, Paraguay
| | | | | | - Liesl Zuhlke
- Medical Research Council of South Africa, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Red Cross Children’s Hospital Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town
| | - Stuart Connolly
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Perkins AD, Awori JO, Jobe M, Lucinde RK, Siemonsma M, Oyando R, Leon DA, Herrett E, Prentice AM, Shah ASV, Perel P, Etyang A. Determining the optimal diagnostic and risk stratification approaches for people with hypertension in two rural populations in Kenya and The Gambia: a study protocol for IHCoR-Africa Work Package 2. NIHR OPEN RESEARCH 2024; 3:68. [PMID: 39139279 PMCID: PMC11319908 DOI: 10.3310/nihropenres.13509.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Background Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has one of the highest prevalences of hypertension worldwide. The impact of hypertension is of particular concern in rural SSA, where access to clinics and hospitals is limited. Improvements in the management of people with hypertension in rural SSA could be achieved by sharing diagnosis and care tasks between the clinic and the community. To develop such a community-centred programme we need optimal approaches to identify and risk stratify patients with elevated blood pressure. The aim of the study is to improve the evidence base for diagnosis and risk estimation for a community-centred hypertension programme in two rural settings in SSA. Methods We will conduct a cross-sectional study of 1250 adult participants in Kilifi, Kenya and Kiang West, The Gambia. The study has five objectives which will determine the: (1) accuracy of three blood pressure (BP) measurement methods performed by community health workers in identifying people with hypertension in rural SSA, compared to the reference standard method; (2) relationship between systolic BP and cardiovascular risk factors; (3) prevalence of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD); (4) accuracy of innovative point-of-care (POC) technologies to identify patients with HMOD; and (5) cost-effectiveness of different combinations of BP and HMOD measurements for directing hypertension treatment initiation. Expected findings This study will determine the accuracy of three methods for community BP measurement and POC technologies for HMOD assessment. Using the optimal methods in this setting it will estimate the prevalence of hypertension and provide the best estimate to date of HMOD prevalence in SSA populations. The cost-effectiveness of decision-making approaches for initiating treatment of hypertension will be modelled. These results will inform the development of a community-centred programme to improve care for hypertensive patients living in rural SSA. Existing community engagement networks will be used to disseminated within the research setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Perkins
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Juliet Otieno Awori
- Department of Epidemiology and Demography, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Modou Jobe
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at LSHTM, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Ruth K Lucinde
- Department of Epidemiology and Demography, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Meike Siemonsma
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at LSHTM, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Robinson Oyando
- Health Economics Research Unit, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David A Leon
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Emily Herrett
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | | | - Anoop SV Shah
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Pablo Perel
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Anthony Etyang
- Department of Epidemiology and Demography, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - The IHCoR-Africa Collaborators
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Demography, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at LSHTM, Banjul, The Gambia
- Health Economics Research Unit, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
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9
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Zhao Z, Qi D, Zhang Z, Du X, Zhang F, Ma R, Liang Y, Zhao Y, Gao Y, Yang Y. Prognostic Value of Inflammatory Cytokines in Predicting Hospital Readmissions in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3003-3012. [PMID: 38764501 PMCID: PMC11102073 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s459989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and the risk of heart failure (HF) readmission in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Patients and Methods We enrolled 429 patients with HFpEF admitted to the cardiology department in our hospital from January 2020 to July 2022. The patients were divided into the readmission or non-readmission groups according to whether they were readmitted for heart failure within 1 year of discharge. The clinical features and laboratory date of the subjects were collected and analyzed. Multivariate cox regression analysis was used to identify predictors of HF readmission. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the prognostic value of each factor. Results The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, NT-proBNP, heart rate, total cholesterol and NYHA class were significantly higher in the readmission group than in the non-readmission group (p < 0.05). IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, NT-proBNP, heart rate and NYHA class were identified as independent predictors of HF readmission. Conclusion Inflammatory markers, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α were related to the HF readmission in patients with HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Diya Qi
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeqing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengyun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruicong Ma
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuewu Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Harikrishnan S, Rath PC, Bang V, McDonagh T, Ogola E, Silva H, Rajbanshi BG, Pathirana A, Ng GA, Biga C, Lüscher TF, Daggubati R, Adivi S, Roy D, Banerjee PS, Das MK. Heart failure, the global pandemic: A call to action consensus statement from the global presidential conclave at the platinum jubilee conference of cardiological society of India 2023. Indian Heart J 2024; 76:147-153. [PMID: 38609052 PMCID: PMC11331725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is emerging as a major public health problem both in high- and low - income countries. The mortality and morbidity due to HF is substantially higher in low-middle income countries (LMICs). Accessibility, availability and affordability issues affect the guideline directed therapy implementation in HF care in those countries. This call to action urges all those concerned to initiate preventive strategies as early as possible, so that we can reduce HF-related morbidity and mortality. The most important step is to have better prevention and treatment strategies for diseases such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease (IHD), type-2 diabetes, and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) which predispose to the development of HF. Setting up dedicated HF-clinics manned by HF Nurses, can help in streamlining HF care. Subsidized in-patient care, financial assistance for device therapy, use of generic medicines (including polypill strategy) will be helpful, along with the use of digital technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prathap Chandra Rath
- Apollo Health City, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, President, Cardiological Society of India (CSI), India
| | - Vijay Bang
- Lilavati Hospital, Bandra West, Mumbai, Immediate Past-President, CSI, India
| | | | - Elijah Ogola
- University of Nairobi (Kenya), President Pan African Society of Cardiology, Kenya
| | - Hugo Silva
- Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Treasurer, Argentinian Cardiac Society, Argentina
| | - Bijoy G Rajbanshi
- Nepal Mediciti, Lalitpur, Past-President, Cardiac Society of Nepal, Nepal
| | - Anidu Pathirana
- National Hospital of SriLanka, Past-President SriLanka Heart Association, Sri Lanka
| | - G Andre Ng
- University of Leicester, President-Elect, British Cardiovascular Society, United Kingdom
| | - Cathleen Biga
- President and CEO of Cardiovascular Management of Illinois, Vice President, American College of Cardiology, USA
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Royal Brompton Hospital Imperial College London, London, President-Elect European Society of Cardiology, United Kingdom
| | - Ramesh Daggubati
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Shirley Adivi
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Debabrata Roy
- Rabindranath Tagore Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Kolkata, Hon. General Secretary, CSI, India
| | - P S Banerjee
- Manipal Hospital, Kolkata, Past-President, CSI, India
| | - M K Das
- B.M. Birla Heart Research Centre, Kolkata, Past-President CSI, India
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11
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Yan LD, Sufra R, St Sauveur R, Jean-Pierre MC, Apollon A, Malebranche R, Théard M, Pierre G, Dévieux J, Lau J, Mourra N, Roberts NL, Rasul R, Nash D, Pirmohamed AM, Devereux RB, Lee MH, Kwan GF, Safford MM, Adrien L, Alfred JP, Deschamps M, Severe P, Fitzgerald DW, Pape JW, Rouzier V, McNairy ML. Spectrum of prevalent cardiovascular diseases in urban Port-au-Prince, Haiti: a population-based cross-sectional study. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2024; 33:100729. [PMID: 38590326 PMCID: PMC11000196 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2024.100729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Eighty percent of global cardiovascular disease (CVD) is projected to occur in low- and middle -income countries (LMICs), yet local epidemiological data are scarce. We provide the first population-based, adjudicated CVD prevalence estimates in Port-au-Prince, Haiti to describe the spectrum of heart disease and investigate associated risk factors. Methods Demographic, medical history, clinical, imaging and laboratory data were collected among adults recruited using multistage random sampling from 2019 to 2021. Prevalent CVD (heart failure, stroke, ischemic disease) were adjudicated using epidemiological criteria similar to international cohorts. Multivariable Poisson regressions assessed relationships between risk factors and prevalent CVD. Findings Among 3003 participants, median age was 40 years, 58.1% were female, 70.2% reported income <1 USD/day, and all identified as Black Haitian. CVD age-adjusted prevalence was 14.7% (95% CI 13.3%, 16.5%), including heart failure (11.9% [95% CI 10.5%, 13.5%]), stroke (2.4% [95% CI 1.9%, 3.3%]), angina (2.1% [95% CI 1.6%, 2.9%]), myocardial infarction (1.0% [95% CI 0.6%, 1.8%]), and transient ischemic attack (0.4% [95% CI 0.2%, 1.0%]). Among participants with heart failure, median age was 57 years and 68.5% of cases were among women. The most common subtype was heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (80.4%). Heart failure was associated with hypertension, obesity, chronic kidney disease, depression, and stress. Interpretation Early-onset heart failure prevalence is alarmingly high in urban Haiti and challenge modelling assumptions that ischemic heart disease and stroke dominate CVDs in LMICs. These data underscore the importance of local population-based epidemiologic data within LMICs to expedite the selection and implementation of evidence-based cardiovascular health policies targeting each country's spectrum of heart disease. Funding This study was funded by NIH grants R01HL143788, D43TW011972, and K24HL163393, clinicaltrials.govNCT03892265.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily D. Yan
- Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
| | - Rodney Sufra
- Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO), Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Reichling St Sauveur
- Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO), Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Marie Christine Jean-Pierre
- Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO), Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Alexandra Apollon
- Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO), Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Rodolphe Malebranche
- Collège Haïtien de Cardiologie, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Université d'État d'Haïti, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Michel Théard
- Collège Haïtien de Cardiologie, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Gerard Pierre
- Collège Haïtien de Cardiologie, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Jessy Dévieux
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer Lau
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
| | - Nour Mourra
- Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
| | | | - Rehana Rasul
- City University of New York Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Denis Nash
- City University of New York Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Myung Hee Lee
- Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
| | - Gene F. Kwan
- Division of Cardiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monika M. Safford
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
| | - Lauré Adrien
- Director General, Ministry of Public Health and Population, Haiti
| | - Jean Patrick Alfred
- Director of Studies and Programming, Ministry of Public Health and Population, Haiti
| | - Marie Deschamps
- Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO), Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Patrice Severe
- Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO), Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | | | - Jean W. Pape
- Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
- Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO), Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Vanessa Rouzier
- Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
- Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO), Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Margaret L. McNairy
- Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
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12
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Peikert A, Bart BA, Vaduganathan M, Claggett BL, Kulac IJ, Kosiborod MN, Desai AS, Jhund PS, Lam CSP, Inzucchi SE, Martinez FA, de Boer RA, Hernandez AF, Shah SJ, Petersson M, Langkilde AM, McMurray JJV, Solomon SD, Vardeny O. Contemporary Use and Implications of Beta-Blockers in Patients With HFmrEF or HFpEF: The DELIVER Trial. JACC. HEART FAILURE 2024; 12:631-644. [PMID: 37767674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although beta-blockers are not recommended for the treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) according to the latest European Society of Cardiology and American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/Heart Failure Society of America guidelines, these therapies remain commonly used for comorbidity management. There has been concern that beta-blockers may adversely influence clinical outcomes by limiting chronotropic response in HFpEF. OBJECTIVES This study sought to examine the contemporary use and implications of beta-blockers in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) or HFpEF. METHODS In the DELIVER (Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure) trial, a total of 6,263 patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF) with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >40% were randomized to dapagliflozin or placebo across 20 countries. In this prespecified analysis, efficacy and safety outcomes were examined according to beta-blocker use at randomization. The primary outcome was cardiovascular death or worsening HF. RESULTS Overall, beta-blockers were used in 5,177 patients (83%), with wide variation by geographic region. Beta-blocker use was associated with a lower risk of the primary outcome in covariate-adjusted models (HR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.60-0.83). Dapagliflozin consistently reduced the risk of the primary outcome in patients taking beta-blockers (HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.72-0.94) and in patients not taking beta-blockers (HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.61-1.03; Pinteraction = 0.85), with similar findings for key secondary endpoints. Adverse events were balanced between patients randomized to dapagliflozin and placebo, regardless of background beta-blocker use. CONCLUSIONS In patients with HFmrEF or HFpEF who were enrolled in DELIVER, 4 out of 5 participants were treated with a beta-blocker. Beta-blocker use was not associated with a higher risk of worsening HF or cardiovascular death. Dapagliflozin consistently and safely reduced clinical events, irrespective of background beta-blocker use. (Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure [DELIVER]; NCT03619213).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Peikert
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bradley A Bart
- Minneapolis VA Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Muthiah Vaduganathan
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian L Claggett
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ian J Kulac
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mikhail N Kosiborod
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Akshay S Desai
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore & Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Magnus Petersson
- Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Maria Langkilde
- Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John J V McMurray
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Orly Vardeny
- Minneapolis VA Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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13
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Klassen SL, Okello E, Ferrer JME, Alizadeh F, Barango P, Chillo P, Chimalizeni Y, Dagnaw WW, Eiselé JL, Eberly L, Gomanju A, Gupta N, Koirala B, Kpodonu J, Kwan G, Mailosi BGD, Mbau L, Mutagaywa R, Pfaff C, Piñero D, Pinto F, Rusingiza E, Sanni UA, Sanyahumbi A, Shakya U, Sharma SK, Sherpa K, Sinabulya I, Wroe EB, Bukhman G, Mocumbi A. Decentralization and Integration of Advanced Cardiac Care for the World's Poorest Billion Through the PEN-Plus Strategy for Severe Chronic Non-Communicable Disease. Glob Heart 2024; 19:33. [PMID: 38549727 PMCID: PMC10976983 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatic and congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathies, and hypertensive heart disease are major causes of suffering and death in low- and lower middle-income countries (LLMICs), where the world's poorest billion people reside. Advanced cardiac care in these counties is still predominantly provided by specialists at urban tertiary centers, and is largely inaccessible to the rural poor. This situation is due to critical shortages in diagnostics, medications, and trained healthcare workers. The Package of Essential NCD Interventions - Plus (PEN-Plus) is an integrated care model for severe chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) that aims to decentralize services and increase access. PEN-Plus strategies are being initiated by a growing number of LLMICs. We describe how PEN-Plus addresses the need for advanced cardiac care and discuss how a global group of cardiac organizations are working through the PEN-Plus Cardiac expert group to promote a shared operational strategy for management of severe cardiac disease in high-poverty settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila L. Klassen
- Center for Integration Science, Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Emmy Okello
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Faraz Alizadeh
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Prebo Barango
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | - Pilly Chillo
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Yamikani Chimalizeni
- Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Wubaye Walelgne Dagnaw
- Center for Integration Science, Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, United States
| | | | - Lauren Eberly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, Cardiovascular Institute, Penn Cardiovascular Center for Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Anu Gomanju
- Kathmandu Institute of Child Health, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Global Alliance for Rheumatic and Congenital Hearts, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Neil Gupta
- Center for Integration Science, Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Program in Global NCDs and Social Change, Harvard University, Boston, United States
| | - Bhagawan Koirala
- Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery – Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Jacques Kpodonu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, United States
| | - Gene Kwan
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, United States
- Partners In Health, Boston, United States
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, United States
| | | | | | - Reuben Mutagaywa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Colin Pfaff
- Center for Integration Science, Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Daniel Piñero
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Fausto Pinto
- Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, CAML, CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Emmanuel Rusingiza
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology Unit, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Usman Abiola Sanni
- Partners in Health, Sierra Leone
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria
| | - Amy Sanyahumbi
- Pediatric Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, United States
- Baylor Center of Excellence, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Urmila Shakya
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal
- National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sanjib Kumar Sharma
- Cardiology and Internal Medicine, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Kunjang Sherpa
- Department of Cardiology, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Isaac Sinabulya
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Emily B. Wroe
- Center for Integration Science, Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Gene Bukhman
- Center for Integration Science, Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, United States
| | - Ana Mocumbi
- Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
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14
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Brooman-White R, Blakeman T, McNab D, Deaton C. Informing understanding of coordination of care for patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a secondary qualitative analysis. BMJ Qual Saf 2024; 33:232-245. [PMID: 37802647 DOI: 10.1136/bmjqs-2023-016583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are a complex and underserved group. They are commonly older patients with multiple comorbidities, who rely on multiple healthcare services. Regional variation in services and resourcing has been highlighted as a problem in heart failure care, with few teams bridging the interface between the community and secondary care. These reports conflict with policy goals to improve coordination of care and dissolve boundaries between specialist services and the community. AIM To explore how care is coordinated for patients with HFpEF, with a focus on the interface between primary care and specialist services in England. METHODS We applied systems thinking methodology to examine the relationship between work-as-imagined and work-as-done for coordination of care for patients with HFpEF. We analysed clinical guidelines in conjunction with a secondary applied thematic analysis of semistructured interviews with healthcare professionals caring for patients with HFpEF including general practitioners, specialist nurses and cardiologists and patients with HFpEF themselves (n=41). Systems Thinking for Everyday Work principles provided a sensitising theoretical framework to facilitate a deeper understanding of how these data illustrate a complex health system and where opportunities for improvement interventions may lie. RESULTS Three themes (working with complexity, information transfer and working relationships) were identified to explain variability between work-as-imagined and work-as-done. Participants raised educational needs, challenging work conditions, issues with information transfer systems and organisational structures poorly aligned with patient needs. CONCLUSIONS There are multiple challenges that affect coordination of care for patients with HFpEF. Findings from this study illuminate the complexity in coordination of care practices and have implications for future interventional work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie Brooman-White
- Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Blakeman
- Centre for Primary Care, University of Manchester Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Duncan McNab
- Medical Directorate, NHS Education for Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christi Deaton
- Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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15
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Beattie JM, Castiello T, Jaarsma T. The Importance of Cultural Awareness in the Management of Heart Failure: A Narrative Review. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2024; 20:109-123. [PMID: 38495057 PMCID: PMC10944309 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s392636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a commonly encountered clinical syndrome arising from a range of etiologic cardiovascular diseases and manifests in a phenotypic spectrum of varying degrees of systolic and diastolic ventricular dysfunction. Those affected by this life-limiting illness are subject to an array of burdensome symptoms, poor quality of life, prognostic uncertainty, and a relatively onerous and increasingly complex treatment regimen. This condition occurs in epidemic proportions worldwide, and given the demographic trend in societal ageing, the prevalence of heart failure is only likely to increase. The marked upturn in international migration has generated other demographic changes in recent years, and it is evident that we are living and working in ever more ethnically and culturally diverse communities. Professionals treating those with heart failure are now dealing with a much more culturally disparate clinical cohort. Given that the heart failure disease trajectory is unique to each individual, these clinicians need to ensure that their proposed treatment options and responses to the inevitable crises intrinsic to this condition are in keeping with the culturally determined values, preferences, and worldviews of these patients and their families. In this narrative review, we describe the importance of cultural awareness across a range of themes relevant to heart failure management and emphasize the centrality of cultural competence as the basis of appropriate care provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Beattie
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Teresa Castiello
- Department of Cardiology, Croydon University Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Tiny Jaarsma
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Nursing Science, Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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16
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Ouyang J, Zhao L, Song Y, Qu H, Du T, Shi L, Cui Z, Jiang Z, Gao Z. Trends in gut-heart axis and heart failure research (1993-2023): A bibliometric and visual analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25995. [PMID: 38404792 PMCID: PMC10884449 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of heart failure, the terminal stage of several cardiovascular diseases, is increasing owing to population growth and aging. Bidirectional crosstalk between the gut and heart plays a significant role in heart failure. This study aimed to analyze the gut-heart axis and heart failure from a bibliometric perspective. Methods We extracted literature regarding the gut-heart axis and heart failure from the Web of Science Core Collection database (January 1, 1993, to June 30, 2023) and conducted bibliometric and visualization analyses using Microsoft Excel, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the R package "bibliometrix." Results The final analysis included 1646 articles with an average of 35.38 citations per article. Despite some fluctuations, the number of articles published per year has steadily increased over the past 31 years, particularly since 2018. A total of 9412 authors from 2287 institutions in 86 countries have contributed to this field. The USA and China have been the most productive countries, with the Cleveland Clinic in the USA and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin in Germany being the most active institutions. The cooperation between countries/regions and institutions was relatively close. Professor Tang WHW was the most productive author in the field and the journal Shocks published the highest number of articles. "Heart failure," "gut microbiota," "trimethylamine N-oxide," and "inflammation" were the most common keywords, representing the current research hotspots. The keyword burst analysis indicated that "gut microbiota" and "short-chain fatty acids" are the current frontier research topics in this field. Conclusion Research on the gut-heart axis and heart failure is increasing. This bibliometric analysis indicated that the mechanisms associated with the gut-heart axis and heart failure, particularly the gut microbiota, trimethylamine N-oxide, inflammation, and short-chain fatty acids, will become hotspots and emerging trends in research in this field. These findings provide valuable insights into current research and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Ouyang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Lingli Zhao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yewen Song
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Hua Qu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Tianyi Du
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Liu Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhijie Cui
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zhonghui Jiang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zhuye Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo
- Dr Bibbins-Domingo is Editor in Chief, Dr Curfman is Executive Editor, Ms Park is Managing Director of Strategy and Planning, and Ms Flanagin is Executive Managing Editor, JAMA and the JAMA Network
| | - Gregory Curfman
- Dr Bibbins-Domingo is Editor in Chief, Dr Curfman is Executive Editor, Ms Park is Managing Director of Strategy and Planning, and Ms Flanagin is Executive Managing Editor, JAMA and the JAMA Network
| | - Hannah Park
- Dr Bibbins-Domingo is Editor in Chief, Dr Curfman is Executive Editor, Ms Park is Managing Director of Strategy and Planning, and Ms Flanagin is Executive Managing Editor, JAMA and the JAMA Network
| | - Annette Flanagin
- Dr Bibbins-Domingo is Editor in Chief, Dr Curfman is Executive Editor, Ms Park is Managing Director of Strategy and Planning, and Ms Flanagin is Executive Managing Editor, JAMA and the JAMA Network
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18
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Yokoshiki H, Shimizu A, Mitsuhashi T, Ishibashi K, Kabutoya T, Yoshiga Y, Kondo Y, Abe H, Shimizu W. Improved outcomes of cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator in systolic heart failure: Analysis of the Japan cardiac device treatment registry database. J Arrhythm 2024; 40:30-37. [PMID: 38333398 PMCID: PMC10848589 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Temporal change in outcomes of heart failure patients receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator (CRT-D) is unknown. Methods We assess outcomes and underlying heart diseases of patients receiving CRT-D with analyzing database of the Japan cardiac device treatment registry (JCDTR) at the implantation year 2011-2015 and New JCDTR at the implantation year 2018-2021. Results Proportion of nonischemic heart diseases was about 70% in both the groups (JCDTR: 69%; New JCDTR: 72%). Cardiac sarcoidosis increased with the rate of 5% in the JCDTR to 9% in the New JCDTR group. During an average follow-up of 21 months, death from any cause occurred in 167 of 906 patients in the JCDTR group (18%) and 79 of 611 patients in the New JCDTR group (13%) (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] in the New JCDTR group, 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55-0.94; p = .017). The superiority was mainly driven by reduction in the risk of noncardiac death. With regard to appropriate and inappropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy, there was a significant reduction in the New JCDTR group versus the JCDTR group (aHR in the New JCDTR group, 0.76; 95% CI: 0.59-0.98; p = .032 for appropriate ICD therapy; aHR in the New JCDTR group, 0.24; 95% CI: 0.12-0.50; p < .0001 for inappropriate ICD therapy). Conclusions All-cause mortality was reduced in CRT-D patients implanted during 2018-2021 compared to those during 2011-2015, with a significant reduction in noncardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Yokoshiki
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineSapporo City General HospitalSapporoJapan
| | | | - Takeshi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineHoshi General HospitalKoriyamaJapan
| | - Kohei Ishibashi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterSuitaJapan
| | - Tomoyuki Kabutoya
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineJichi Medical University School of MedicineShimotsukeJapan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshiga
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Clinical ScienceYamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineUbeJapan
| | - Yusuke Kondo
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineChiba University Graduate School of MedicineChibaJapan
| | - Haruhiko Abe
- Department of Heart Rhythm ManagementUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushuJapan
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineNippon Medical SchoolBunkyo‐kuJapan
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19
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Greene SJ, Khan MS, Butler J. Why do clinicians not prescribe quadruple medical therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction? Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:338-341. [PMID: 38235943 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Greene
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Javed Butler
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
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20
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Ogungbe O, Longenecker CT, Beaton A, de Loizaga S, Brant LCC, Turkson Ocran RN, Bastani P, Sarfo FS, Commodore‐Mensah Y. Advancing Cardiovascular Health Equity Globally Through Digital Technologies. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e031237. [PMID: 38226506 PMCID: PMC10926780 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Digital health technologies are important public health interventions for addressing the burden of cardiovascular disease. In this article, we discuss the importance of translating digital innovations in research-funded projects to low-resource settings globally to advance global cardiovascular health equity. We also discuss current global cardiovascular health inequities and the digital health divide within and between countries. We present various considerations for translating digital innovations across different settings across the globe, including reciprocal innovation, a "bidirectional, co-constituted, and iterative exchange of ideas, resources, and innovations to address shared health challenges across diverse global settings." In this case, afferent reciprocal innovations may flow from high-income countries toward low- and middle-income countries, and efferent reciprocal innovations may be exported to high-income countries from low- and middle-income countries with adaptation. Finally, we discuss opportunities for bidirectional learning between local and global institutions and highlight examples of projects funded through the American Heart Association Health and Innovation Strategically Funded Research Network that have been adapted to lower-resource settings or have the potential to be adapted to lower-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris T. Longenecker
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Global HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Andrea Beaton
- Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Sarah de Loizaga
- Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
- University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Luisa Campos Caldeira Brant
- Faculty of Medicine and Telehealth Center, Hospital das ClínicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Ruth‐Alma N. Turkson Ocran
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of General MedicineBostonMAUSA
- Havard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Pouya Bastani
- Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Fred Stephen Sarfo
- Division of Neurology, Department of MedicineKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Yvonne Commodore‐Mensah
- Johns Hopkins School of NursingBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyBloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
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21
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Wang X, Dai M, Xu J. Association of living alone and living alone time with hypertension among Chinese men aged 80 years and older: a cohort study. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1274955. [PMID: 38249394 PMCID: PMC10796616 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1274955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective There is little evidence of the influence of living alone on hypertension risk among men 80 years or older. Additionally, the influence of living alone duration on hypertension risk lacks thorough investigation. Hence, this cohort study examines living alone and its duration's link to hypertension risk in this specific group. Methods We included 2009 older men aged ≥80 years without hypertension from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in the 2008 wave. Follow-up was conducted in the 2011 wave. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess hypertension risk related to living alone and living alone time. Results We included 2,009 older men, with a mean age of 90.7 years (standard deviation: 6.8). Over a median follow-up of 2.9 (1.3-3.0) years, 573 participants (28.5%) developed hypertension. Living alone was significantly associated with a higher hypertension risk than living with family (HR: 1.42; 95% CI 1.11-1.80). When compared to living with family, the hypertension risk was increased in the first quartile of living alone time (0-6.1 years) (HR: 1.76; 95% CI 1.16-2.66), the second quartile (6.1-10.6 years) (HR: 1.56; 95% CI 1.07-2.29), and the third quartile (10.6-19.3 years) (HR: 1.66; 95% CI 1.08-2.55). Surprisingly, no significant association was found in the fourth quartile (≥19.3 years) with hypertension risk. Stratified and Interaction analyses indicated no significant interaction effects between subgroups. Sensitivity analyses yielded consistent results. Conclusion Living alone was independently associated with an increased risk of hypertension in older men. The highest risk was found in those with the least time alone. These findings imply that social isolation and lack of companionship could be pivotal in hypertension development. Furthermore, the study highlights the need to consider living alone duration when assessing its impact on health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Cardiology, Jiujiang First People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Miao Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiujiang First People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Jingsong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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22
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Yuan X, Chen CW, Mao J, Bao W, Chen CW, Xu T. Association between estimated pulse wave velocity and all-cause death in patients with heart failure. Rev Clin Esp 2024; 224:17-23. [PMID: 38142976 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arteriosclerosis has been proven to be a risk factor for the development of heart failure and readmission. ePWV is a novel non-invasive and simple indicator of arterial stiffness, and this study aims to investigate its relationship with all-cause mortality rate in patients with heart failure. METHODS This study is a cohort study that included 1272 patients with heart failure from NHANES data from 1999 to 2018. The ePWV was divided into three groups, and the cumulative mortality rate of heart failure patients was calculated using KM survival curves. The relationship between ePWV and all-cause mortality rate in heart failure patients was represented by a smoothed curve fitting. COX regression analysis was used to assess the association between ePWV and all-cause mortality rate in heart failure patients. RESULTS The average age of the study population was 67.8 ± 12.6 years, with 862 males and 650 females. During the 12-month follow-up period, there were 790 cases of all-cause mortality. Cox regression analysis was used to validate the relationship between ePWV and all-cause mortality rate in patients with heart failure. Patients with higher levels of ePWV tended to have a higher all-cause mortality rate. After adjustment for multiple factors, an increase in ePWV was positively associated with all-cause mortality rate (HR = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.12, 1.22)). Compared to the lowest tertile, the multivariable-adjusted HR and 95% CI for the highest tertile of ePWV were 1.81 (95% CI: (1.45, 2.27)). Additionally, a smoothed curve fitting was used to observe the relationship between ePWV and mortality rate, where the curve demonstrated a positive correlation between ePWV and all-cause mortality rate. Furthermore, KM survival curves indicated that all-cause mortality rate increased with the increase in ePWV. Subgroup analysis suggested a correlation between ePWV and mortality rate. CONCLUSION Our study shows that ePWV is positively associated with all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yuan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Mao
- China Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng-Wen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tie Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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23
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Damasceno A, Lunet N. Comorbidities and heart failure: heterogeneity and challenges to fill in the gaps. Lancet Glob Health 2023; 11:e1830-e1831. [PMID: 37973325 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuno Lunet
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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24
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Leong DP, Joseph P, McMurray JJV, Rouleau J, Maggioni AP, Lanas F, Sharma SK, Núñez J, Mohan B, Celik A, Abdullakutty J, Ogah OS, Mielniczuk LM, Balasubramanian K, McCready T, Grinvalds A, Yusuf S. Frailty and outcomes in heart failure patients from high-, middle-, and low-income countries. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:4435-4444. [PMID: 37639487 PMCID: PMC10635666 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is little information on the incremental prognostic importance of frailty beyond conventional prognostic variables in heart failure (HF) populations from different country income levels. METHODS A total of 3429 adults with HF (age 61 ± 14 years, 33% women) from 27 high-, middle- and low-income countries were prospectively studied. Baseline frailty was evaluated by the Fried index, incorporating handgrip strength, gait speed, physical activity, unintended weight loss, and self-reported exhaustion. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 39 ± 14% and 26% had New York Heart Association Class III/IV symptoms. Participants were followed for a median (25th to 75th percentile) of 3.1 (2.0-4.3) years. Cox proportional hazard models for death and HF hospitalization adjusted for country income level; age; sex; education; HF aetiology; left ventricular ejection fraction; diabetes; tobacco and alcohol use; New York Heart Association functional class; HF medication use; blood pressure; and haemoglobin, sodium, and creatinine concentrations were performed. The incremental discriminatory value of frailty over and above the MAGGIC risk score was evaluated by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve. RESULTS At baseline, 18% of participants were robust, 61% pre-frail, and 21% frail. During follow-up, 565 (16%) participants died and 471 (14%) were hospitalized for HF. Respective adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for death among the pre-frail and frail were 1.59 (1.12-2.26) and 2.92 (1.99-4.27). Respective adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for HF hospitalization were 1.32 (0.93-1.87) and 1.97 (1.33-2.91). Findings were consistent among different country income levels and by most subgroups. Adding frailty to the MAGGIC risk score improved the discrimination of future death and HF hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS Frailty confers substantial incremental prognostic information to prognostic variables for predicting death and HF hospitalization. The relationship between frailty and these outcomes is consistent across countries at all income levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl P Leong
- The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, C2-238 David Braley Building, 237 Barton St. East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Philip Joseph
- The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, C2-238 David Braley Building, 237 Barton St. East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Jean Rouleau
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Aldo P Maggioni
- ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation, Via La Marmora, 36 – 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Fernando Lanas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Sanjib K Sharma
- B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Buddha Road, Dharan 56700, Nepal
| | - Julio Núñez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Bishav Mohan
- Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Civil Lines, Tagore Nagar, Ludhiana 141001, India
| | - Ahmet Celik
- Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, 31168 Sokak, Ritim Ofis, A Blok 1 Kat, 33000 Mersin, Türkiye
| | | | - Okechukwu S Ogah
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital Ibadan, PO Box 14343, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Lisa M Mielniczuk
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin St, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Kumar Balasubramanian
- The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, C2-238 David Braley Building, 237 Barton St. East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Tara McCready
- The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, C2-238 David Braley Building, 237 Barton St. East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Alex Grinvalds
- The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, C2-238 David Braley Building, 237 Barton St. East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Salim Yusuf
- The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, C2-238 David Braley Building, 237 Barton St. East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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25
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Burger PM, Savarese G, Tromp J, Adamson C, Jhund PS, Benson L, Hage C, Tay WT, Solomon SD, Packer M, Rossello X, McEvoy JW, De Bacquer D, Timmis A, Vardas P, Graham IM, Di Angelantonio E, Visseren FLJ, McMurray JJV, Lam CSP, Lund LH, Koudstaal S, Dorresteijn JAN, Mosterd A. Personalized lifetime prediction of survival and treatment benefit in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: The LIFE-HF model. Eur J Heart Fail 2023; 25:1962-1975. [PMID: 37691140 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although trials have proven the group-level effectiveness of various therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), important differences in absolute effectiveness exist between individuals. We developed and validated the LIFEtime-perspective for Heart Failure (LIFE-HF) model for the prediction of individual (lifetime) risk and treatment benefit in patients with HFrEF. METHODS AND RESULTS Cox proportional hazards functions with age as the time scale were developed in the PARADIGM-HF and ATMOSPHERE trials (n = 15 415). Outcomes were cardiovascular death, heart failure (HF) hospitalization or cardiovascular death, and non-cardiovascular mortality. Predictors were age, sex, New York Heart Association class, prior HF hospitalization, diabetes mellitus, extracardiac vascular disease, systolic blood pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and glomerular filtration rate. The functions were combined in life-tables to predict individual overall and HF hospitalization-free survival. External validation was performed in the SwedeHF registry, ASIAN-HF registry, and DAPA-HF trial (n = 51 286). Calibration of 2- to 10-year risk was adequate, and c-statistics were 0.65-0.74. An interactive tool was developed combining the model with hazard ratios from trials to allow estimation of an individual's (lifetime) risk and treatment benefit in clinical practice. Applying the tool to the development cohort, combined treatment with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, and angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor was estimated to afford a median of 2.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 1.7-3.7) and 3.7 (IQR 2.4-5.5) additional years of overall and HF hospitalization-free survival, respectively. CONCLUSION The LIFE-HF model enables estimation of lifelong overall and HF hospitalization-free survival, and (lifetime) treatment benefit for individual patients with HFrEF. It could serve as a tool to improve the management of HFrEF by facilitating personalized medicine and shared decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal M Burger
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jasper Tromp
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Health System Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carly Adamson
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lina Benson
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Hage
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wan Ting Tay
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xavier Rossello
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - John W McEvoy
- National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dirk De Bacquer
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adam Timmis
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Ian M Graham
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Frank L J Visseren
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lars H Lund
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jannick A N Dorresteijn
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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26
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Bozkurt B, Ahmad T, Alexander KM, Baker WL, Bosak K, Breathett K, Fonarow GC, Heidenreich P, Ho JE, Hsich E, Ibrahim NE, Jones LM, Khan SS, Khazanie P, Koelling T, Krumholz HM, Khush KK, Lee C, Morris AA, Page RL, Pandey A, Piano MR, Stehlik J, Stevenson LW, Teerlink JR, Vaduganathan M, Ziaeian B. Heart Failure Epidemiology and Outcomes Statistics: A Report of the Heart Failure Society of America. J Card Fail 2023; 29:1412-1451. [PMID: 37797885 PMCID: PMC10864030 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Biykem Bozkurt
- Winters Center for Heart Failure, Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
| | - Tariq Ahmad
- Heart Failure Program Yale School of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kevin M Alexander
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Kelly Bosak
- KU Medical Center, School Of Nursing, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Khadijah Breathett
- Division of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Gregg C Fonarow
- Division of Cardiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul Heidenreich
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jennifer E Ho
- Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eileen Hsich
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nasrien E Ibrahim
- Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant, Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Lenette M Jones
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sadiya S Khan
- Northwestern University, Cardiology Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Prateeti Khazanie
- Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiology, UC Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Todd Koelling
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Harlan M Krumholz
- Heart Failure Program Yale School of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kiran K Khush
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Christopher Lee
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alanna A Morris
- Division of Cardiology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Robert L Page
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Physical Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Josef Stehlik
- Advanced Heart Failure Section, Cardiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - John R Teerlink
- Cardiology University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Muthiah Vaduganathan
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Boback Ziaeian
- Division of Cardiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Joseph
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Entezari-Maleki T. Global Variations in Heart Failure. JAMA 2023; 330:1191-1192. [PMID: 37750885 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.13773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
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29
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Incorrect Results Detail and Author Names; Incomplete List of Study Investigators and Nonauthor Collaborators. JAMA 2023; 330:880. [PMID: 37668639 PMCID: PMC10481226 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
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30
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Vergallo R, Patrono C. Heart failure and socioeconomic status: global differences and inequalities. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:3038-3039. [PMID: 37452730 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Vergallo
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department (DICATOV), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), Università di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 6-16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Carlo Patrono
- Department of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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31
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Greene SJ, Fonarow GC. Targeting sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:2994-2997. [PMID: 37403607 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Greene
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, 300 West Morgan Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gregg C Fonarow
- Division of Cardiology, Ahmanson-UCLA Cardiomyopathy Center, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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32
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Batista JPT, Faria AOVD, Ribeiro TFS, Simões E Silva AC. The Role of Renin-Angiotensin System in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: A Narrative Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1598. [PMID: 37511973 PMCID: PMC10381689 DOI: 10.3390/life13071598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy refers to myocardial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes, but without the traditional cardiovascular risk factors or overt clinical atherosclerosis and valvular disease. The activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, maladaptive immune responses, imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, impaired myocyte autophagy, increased myocyte apoptosis, and fibrosis contribute to diabetic cardiomyopathy. This review summarizes the studies that address the link between cardiomyopathy and the RAS in humans and presents proposed pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association. The RAS plays an important role in the development and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy. The over-activation of the classical RAS axis in diabetes leads to the increased production of angiotensin (Ang) II, angiotensin type 1 receptor activation, and aldosterone release, contributing to increased oxidative stress, fibrosis, and cardiac remodeling. In contrast, Ang-(1-7) suppresses oxidative stress, inhibits tissue fibrosis, and prevents extensive cardiac remodeling. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers improve heart functioning and reduce the occurrence of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Experimental studies also show beneficial effects for Ang-(1-7) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 infusion in improving heart functioning and tissue injury. Further research is necessary to fully understand the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy and to translate experimental findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Thimotheo Batista
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - André Oliveira Vilela de Faria
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Thomas Felipe Silva Ribeiro
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
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