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Ghazaryan G, Zanginyan H, Hovsepyan L, Azatyan A, Ghazaryan M, Mardanyan L. Cronassial Ameliorates Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Inhibiting Lipid Oxidation and Carbonyl Stress in the Brain and Spinal Cord of Rats. Biochem Res Int 2023; 2023:5552740. [PMID: 38024159 PMCID: PMC10656202 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5552740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the pathogenetic role of oxidative stress in damaging myelin cells, a precursor to the development of myelin-related diseases such as multiple sclerosis, has gained increasing significance. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rats serves as an experimental model for human multiple sclerosis. Our study elucidates and demonstrates the antioxidant properties of Cronassial, a drug containing gangliosides, on the processes of free radical lipid oxidation and oxidative modification of proteins in the brains and spinal cords of rats with EAE. Our research results reveal an elevated production of oxidative stress products, including peroxides, hydroperoxides, and oxidized proteins, in experimental animals. This phenomenon is one of the factors contributing to myelin damage. Administering a ganglioside-containing drug normalizes the consequences of oxidative stress and inhibits the formation of reactive oxygen species. Consequently, the data obtained highlight the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of Cronassial when administered to animals with autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayane Ghazaryan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Laboratory Experimental Biology, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hasmik Zanginyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Laboratory Experimental Biology, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Laura Hovsepyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Laboratory Experimental Biology, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Artyom Azatyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Laboratory Experimental Biology, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Maria Ghazaryan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Laboratory Experimental Biology, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Lusine Mardanyan
- Davidyants Laboratories, 10, 3 Sasna Tzrer St, Yerevan 0054, Armenia
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Paesani C, Degano AL, Zalosnik MI, Fabi JP, Pérez GT. Enzymatic modification of arabinoxylans from soft and hard Argentinian wheat inhibits the viability of HCT-116 cells. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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3
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Ditamo Y, Rupil LL, Sendra VG, Nores GA, Roth GA, Irazoqui FJ. In vivo immunomodulatory effect of the lectin from edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Food Funct 2016; 7:262-9. [PMID: 26399519 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are glycan-binding proteins that are resistant to digestion in the gastrointestinal tract and enter intact to blood circulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus lectin (ABL) on innate and adaptive immune responses as well as its effect in two different experimental pathologies that involve the immune system. ABL inhibited in vitro nitric oxide (NO) production by mouse peritoneal macrophages in response to the pro-inflammatory stimuli lipopolysaccharides (LPS). However, it did not modify the activity of arginase, showing that while ABL downregulates M1 activation, it does not affect M2 activation. ABL also inhibited mononuclear cell proliferation in response to mitogen Con A, or in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. During the in vivo studies, oral administration of ABL to BALB/c mice induced a marked inhibition of NO production by peritoneal macrophages after LPS stimuli. The influence of ABL on tumor growth was studied in BALB/c mice receiving daily oral doses of ABL and implanted with CT26 tumor cells. ABL treatment induced significantly higher rate of tumor growth when compared with control mice. On the other hand, oral ABL administration in Wistar rats induced a marked diminution of the incidence of the disease and the severity of the clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. We can conclude that ABL has an in vivo immunomodulatory effect reducing the innate and adaptive responses. This food lectin shows potential therapeutic application on control of inflammatory autoimmune pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanina Ditamo
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Lucia L Rupil
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Victor G Sendra
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Gustavo A Nores
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - German A Roth
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Fernando J Irazoqui
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
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Chanaday NL, Roth GA. Microglia and astrocyte activation in the frontal cortex of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Neuroscience 2015; 314:160-9. [PMID: 26679600 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a widely used animal model for the human disease multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating and neurodegenerative pathology of the central nervous system. Both diseases share physiopathological and clinical characteristics, mainly associated with a neuroinflammatory process that leads to a set of motor, sensory, and cognitive symptoms. In MS, gray matter atrophy is related to the emergence of cognitive deficits and contributes to clinical progression. In particular, injury and dysfunction in certain areas of the frontal cortex (FrCx) have been related to the development of cognitive impairments with high incidence, like central fatigue and executive dysfunction. In the present work we show the presence of region-specific microglia and astrocyte activation in the FrCx, during the first hours of acute EAE onset. It is accompanied by the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α, in the absence of detectable leukocyte infiltration. These findings expand previous studies showing presynaptic neural dysfunction occurring at the FrCx and might contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the genesis and prevalence of common MS symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Chanaday
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET-UNC), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - G A Roth
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET-UNC), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
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Fernández Hurst N, Bibolini MJ, Roth GA. Diazepam Inhibits Proliferation of Lymph Node Cells Isolated from Rats with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Neuroimmunomodulation 2015; 22:293-302. [PMID: 25721617 DOI: 10.1159/000369277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease with similarities to human multiple sclerosis involving peripheral activation of autoreactive T cells which infiltrate the central nervous system and react to self antigens leading to damage. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that treatment with diazepam decreases the incidence and histological signs associated with the disease and diminishes immunological responses. The aim of the present work was to evaluate direct effects of diazepam on isolated T cells involved in immune responses during the development of EAE. METHODS Animals were sensitized with whole myelin to induce EAE and sacrificed during the acute phase of the disease. In mononuclear cells isolated from popliteal lymph nodes, cell viability, apoptosis induction, proliferation and cytokine production were evaluated. RESULTS Diazepam did not have a toxic or proapoptotic effect on the cells, at least up to the concentration of 25 μM, but proliferation, CD8+ T-cell activation and proinflammatory cytokine production were dose-dependently decreased. CONCLUSIONS Diazepam has a direct inhibitory effect on the proliferation and activation of T lymphocytes isolated from the main lymphoid organ involved in disease onset and this could be one of the mechanisms that contribute to the beneficial effect previously observed with diazepam in vivo during EAE development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Fernández Hurst
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, UNC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Chanaday NL, Vilcaes AA, de Paul AL, Torres AI, Degano AL, Roth GA. Glutamate Release Machinery Is Altered in the Frontal Cortex of Rats with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:1353-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Chanaday NL, de Bem AF, Roth GA. Effect of diphenyl diselenide on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Neurochem Int 2011; 59:1155-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Bibolini M, Chanaday N, Báez N, Degano A, Monferran C, Roth G. Inhibitory role of diazepam on autoimmune inflammation in rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Neuroscience 2011; 199:421-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Cid M, Vilcaes A, Rupil L, Salvatierra N, Roth G. Participation of the GABAergic system on the glutamate release of frontal cortex synaptosomes from Wistar rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Neuroscience 2011; 189:337-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Scerbo MJ, Rupil LL, Bibolini MJ, Roth GA, Monferran CG. Protective effect of a synapsin peptide genetically fused to the B subunit ofEscherichia coliheat-labile enterotoxin in rat autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neurosci Res 2009; 87:2273-81. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Macció DR, Ditamo Y, Degano AL, Roth GA. Interaction between Gonadal Steroids and Neuroimmune System in Acute Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Wistar Rats. Autoimmunity 2009; 37:17-25. [PMID: 15115307 DOI: 10.1080/08916930310001624647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an inflammatory disease of the CNS mediated by autoreactive T lymphocytes directed against myelin antigens. Since neuroendocrine-immune dysfunction appears to contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, the present work was designed to study the effect of changes in the endocrine system on the development of acute EAE and the immune response against myelin basic protein (MBP). Intact and sham males and intact female Wistar rats showed the most severe clinical symptoms (acute period) 12-14 days post-inoculation (dpi). Then, they began gradually to recover, regaining the total ability to walk by 15-17 dpi. Male Wistar rats with altered levels of gonadal hormones by surgical castration showed an onset of the symptoms retarded 2-3 days with respect to the other EAE groups, showing neuropathological symptoms up to 27-28 dpi, and remaining with lower body weight even at 40 dpi. The castrated animals exhibited a specific delay in MBP-stimulated DTH reactivity that correlates with the delay in the onset of the clinical symptoms. Also significant lymphocyte proliferation to MBP was still present at 35 dpi that was absent in the sham group. The distribution of the IgG subclasses indicated that at 35 dpi castrated animals have a higher IgG2b/IgG1 ratio (35.1) in comparison to that presented by sham rats (4.8). Considering that at this time the castrated animals were not completely recuperated, these results could indicate an ongoing inflammatory immune response associated with Th1 activity in these animals. Also castrated animals developed antibodies to a diversity of MBP epitopes in comparison to sham rats, which presented a dominance of antibodies to MBP peptide p96-128. These results indicate that sex hormones levels regulate cell-mediated immunity and the specificity of anti-MBP antibodies related to the induction and development of acute EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela R Macció
- Departamento de Química Biológica-CIQUIBIC (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
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12
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Vilcaes AA, Furlan G, Roth GA. Inhibition of Ca2+-dependent glutamate release from cerebral cortex synaptosomes of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neurochem 2009; 108:881-90. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05809.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Vilcaes AA, Degano AL, López PHH, Nores GA, Roth GA. Antibodies which block anti-myelin basic protein antibodies associated with development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Wistar rats. J Neuroimmunol 2005; 164:31-6. [PMID: 15950291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2005.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2004] [Accepted: 03/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In sera from normal rats and from rats injected with whole myelin in complete Freund adjuvant to induce EAE we study the presence of antibodies capable to inhibit the reactivity of autoantibodies directed to myelin basic protein (MBP). METHODS Sera from rats that developed or not clinical signs of EAE were obtained previously to immunization, at acute stage of the disease and when the animals were completely recuperated, and chromatographied on a protein G-Sepharose column to obtain the retained (IgG) fractions. Then these fractions were depleted of anti-MBP reactivity by affinity chromatography and the ability of these depleted sera to block the reactivity of anti-MBP IgG antibodies was analyzed by an immunoblot technique. RESULTS IgG fractions from preimmune sera inhibited the anti-MBP IgG reactivity associated to EAE. The analysis of sick EAE animals showed that the inhibitory activity faded away with the onset of the clinical signs but returned at its maximum value during the spontaneous remission. Animals that never developed clinical EAE did not show changes in the level of inhibitory activity that was similar to that observed in the preimmune sera. CONCLUSIONS The presence of IgG antibodies blocking the anti-MBP IgG reactivity correlates with the development of the clinical signs of EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alejandro Vilcaes
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
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Ditamo Y, Degano AL, Maccio DR, Pistoresi-Palencia MC, Roth GA. Age-related changes in the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunol Cell Biol 2005; 83:75-82. [PMID: 15661044 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2004.01294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A prominent feature of multiple sclerosis is its high incidence of onset in the third decade of life and its relatively rare onset in persons older than 50 years. In order to study age-related restriction of clinical expression, a comparative biochemical, immunological and histological study was undertaken during development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in young (7 weeks) and middle-aged (15 months) Wistar rats. Young rats showed characteristic clinical signs 12-16 days postinduction, and then they spontaneously recuperated. In middle-aged rats, the incidence of clinical signs was significantly reduced, with a later onset of the disease. Similar biochemical and histological alterations were detected in both age groups, but they were present in a later stage in middle-aged animals. However, cellular and humoral immune responses to myelin basic protein (MBP) were observed 15 days postinduction in all EAE animals. The study of anti-MBP IgG isotype pattern in 7-week-old animals indicated a predominant Th1-type immune response during the acute stage of EAE, with antibodies predominantly recognizing the MBP 96-128 peptide. In contrast, 15-month-old animals showed a less prominent Th1 response, without any epitope dominance. The changes in immune function found in middle-aged animals may account for the different susceptibility and expression of EAE, and may also be relevant to the different clinical expression observed in multiple sclerosis with maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanina Ditamo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, CIQUIBIC (CONICET), Faculty of Chemical Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Macció DR, Calfa G, Roth GA. Oral testosterone in male rats and the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Neuroimmunomodulation 2005; 12:246-54. [PMID: 15990455 DOI: 10.1159/000085656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2004] [Accepted: 02/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Considering that sex steroids can influence the immune system, we studied the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, and the concomitant cell-mediated immunity in gonadally intact and gonadectomized male Wistar rats given testosterone supplementation. METHODS/RESULTS Sham-operated rats and surgically castrated animals were orally self-administered with vehicle or testosterone added in the water bottle for 20 days before EAE induction. The androgenic effect of oral testosterone self-administration was evidenced by changes in body weight, and in the weights of androgen-dependent testes and seminal vesicles. Testosterone administration reduced the incidence of clinical signs of EAE in sham-operated animals and reversed the clinical symptoms of the disease associated with castrated EAE animals. The clinical signs observed in the different groups correlated with changes in delayed-type hypersensitivity and mononuclear cell-proliferative responses to the encephalitogenic myelin basic protein. Moreover, testosterone but not cholesterol supplementation in vitro suppressed the proliferative response of mononuclear cells to myelin basic protein suggesting that testosterone may affect specific immune functions through direct actions on immune cells. Finally, self-administration of testosterone induced also elevated corticosterone levels that in sham-operated rats correlated with the low incidence of the disease and in gonadectomized animals could be involved in the remission of clinical symptoms of EAE. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that orally self-administered testosterone can modulate specific cellular immune responses and serum corticosterone levels leading to changes in the development of EAE.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Body Weight/drug effects
- Body Weight/immunology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cholesterol/immunology
- Cholesterol/pharmacology
- Corticosterone/blood
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/physiopathology
- Immune Tolerance/drug effects
- Immune Tolerance/immunology
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Immunity, Cellular/immunology
- Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage
- Immunosuppressive Agents/immunology
- Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Male
- Myelin Basic Protein/immunology
- Myelin Basic Protein/pharmacology
- Orchiectomy
- Organ Size/drug effects
- Organ Size/immunology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Self Administration
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Testis/drug effects
- Testis/immunology
- Testosterone/administration & dosage
- Testosterone/immunology
- Testosterone/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela R Macció
- Departamento de Química Biológica y Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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16
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Ditamo Y, Degano AL, Maccio DR, Pistoresi‐Palencia MC, Roth GA. Age‐related changes in the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunol Cell Biol 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanina Ditamo
- Department of Biological Chemistry – CIQUIBIC (CONICET)
| | | | | | | | - German A Roth
- Department of Biological Chemistry – CIQUIBIC (CONICET)
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17
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Degano AL, Ditamo Y, Roth GA. Neuronal antigens modulate the immune response associated with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunol Cell Biol 2004; 82:17-23. [PMID: 14984590 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2004.01200.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rats primed with bovine myelin (BM) in complete Freunds adjuvant, develop acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We have previously described that intraperitoneal administration prior to the active induction of the disease of a bovine synaptosomal fraction (BSF) and BM were effective ways of suppressing EAE. We found that both treatments diminish the incidence of the disease and reduced biochemical and histological alterations of the central nervous system (CNS). To characterize this suppression process, in this study we examined the antigen-specific immune response in animals protected from EAE. Lymph node mononuclear cells derived from sick EAE rats, as well as from those protected by BM and BSF, showed strong myelin basic protein (MBP) proliferation. Analysis of the humoral response against MBP showed a significant diminution of IgG2b anti-MBP titres in protected BM and BSF rats in contrast to sick EAE rats whose condition could be related to a diminished anti-MBP Th1 response. Finally, cells from rats protected by BSF and BM reduced the incidence of EAE when they were adoptively transferred into animals prior to active induction of the disease. These results suggest that a mechanism based on the generation of regulatory cells and immune deviation could account for the EAE suppression mediated by myelin as well as synaptosomal antigens.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Antigens/immunology
- Cell Division
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/therapy
- Female
- Immunoglobulin G/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/cytology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/transplantation
- Myelin Basic Protein/immunology
- Neurons/immunology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Synaptosomes/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia L Degano
- Departamento de Química Biológica, CIQUIBIC, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
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Merodio M, Irache JM, Eclancher F, Mirshahi M, Villarroya H. Distribution of albumin nanoparticles in animals induced with the experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J Drug Target 2001; 8:289-303. [PMID: 11328657 DOI: 10.3109/10611860008997907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an autoimmune disease characterised by a disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), demyelination and a relevant inflammatory reaction with an intense infiltration of macrophages. These neurological disorders are similar to those observed in the multiple sclerosis (MS) disease. The use of different liposomes and adeno-associated virus has been proposed for improving the treatment of this pathogenesis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential and capacity of albumin nanoparticles to reach the central nervous system (CNS) in EAE-induced rats. For this purpose, the distribution of biotinylated nanoparticles within the CNS was studied. Albumin carriers were mainly found in the lumbar portion of the spinal cord, overlying the meningeal and perivascular areas. The optic chiasma, iris and the area of the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum revealed also an intense presence of these carriers. Finally, immunohistochemical studies also revealed that circulating macrophages (ED1), which migrate to damaged sites, and resident activated microglial cells (OX42) were involved in the distribution of albumin nanoparticles. In summary, the use of nanoparticles may be useful for the design of new pharmaceutical dosage forms able to target the lesions associated with alterations of the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Merodio
- Centro Galénico. Universidad de Navarra. Ap. 177-31080 Pamplona. Spain
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