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Leal LB, Nogueira MS, Mageski JGA, Martini TP, Barauna VG, Dos Santos L, de Carvalho LFDCES. Diagnosis of Systemic Diseases Using Infrared Spectroscopy: Detection of Iron Overload in Plasma-Preliminary Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3737-3751. [PMID: 33415581 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the important role of iron in cellular homeostasis, iron overload (IO) is associated with systemic and tissue deposits which damage several organs. In order to reduce the impact caused by IO, invasive diagnosis exams (e.g., biopsies) and minimally invasive methods were developed including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. However, current diagnostic methods are still time-consuming and expensive. A cost-effective solution is using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for real-time and molecular-sensitive biofluid analysis during conventional laboratory exams. In this study, we performed the first evaluation of the accuracy of FTIR for IO diagnosis. The study was performed by collecting FTIR spectra of plasma samples of five rats intravenously injected with iron-dextran and five control rats. We developed a classification model based on principal component analysis and supervised methods including J48, random forest, multilayer perceptron, and radial basis function network. We achieved 100% accuracy for the classification of the IO status and provided a list of possible biomolecules related to the vibrational modes detected. In this preliminary study, we give a first step towards real-time diagnosis for acute IO or intoxication. Furthermore, we have expanded the literature knowledge regarding the pathophysiological changes induced by iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Barbosa Leal
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Marechal Campos Ave, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29040-090, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Saito Nogueira
- Tyndall National Institute/University College Cork - Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork, T12R5CP, Ireland
| | - Jandinay Gonzaga Alexandre Mageski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Marechal Campos Ave, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Thiago Pereira Martini
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Valério Garrone Barauna
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Marechal Campos Ave, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Marechal Campos Ave, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe das Chagas E Silva de Carvalho
- Universidade de Taubaté. R. dos Operários, 09 - Centro, Taubaté, São Paulo, 12020-340, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Braz Cubas, Av. Francisco Rodrigues Filho, 1233 - Vila Mogilar, Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
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Applications of Mössbauer Spectroscopy in Biomedical Research. Cell Biochem Biophys 2018; 77:15-32. [PMID: 29704106 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-018-0843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A brief review on the applications of Mössbauer spectroscopy in biomedical research discusses the results of more than fifty years of experience in this field. Basing on the numerous results the main directions of biomedical applications of Mössbauer spectroscopy are considered as follows: 1) studies of the quantitative changes of iron-containing biomolecules related to pathological processes; 2) studies of the qualitative changes in iron-containing biomolecules related to pathological processes; 3) studies of the effect of various environmental factors (physical, chemical, and biological) on iron-containing biomolecules; 4) studies of metabolic processes by means of analysis of the Mössbauer nuclides pathways in organisms; 5) studies of dynamic processes; 6) studies of pharmaceutical compounds and blood substitutes containing Mössbauer nuclides; 7) miscellaneous studies. Some examples of biomedical research using 57Fe, 57Co, 119Sn, 153Sm, and 197Au Mössbauer nuclides are presented.
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Cheng CL, Chang HH, Chen TH, Tsai PJ, Huang YT, Huang PJ, Lin SY. Spectral and morphological classification of different chronic and acute Taiwanese gallstones via FTIR, SEM and ESEM-EDX microanalyses. Dig Liver Dis 2016; 48:519-527. [PMID: 26976784 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallstone disease is one of the leading upper gastrointestinal surgical problems in different countries. AIMS To analyze the chronic gallstones and acute gallbladder sludge retrieved from 36 Taiwanese patients. METHODS FTIR microspectroscopy was used to classify the types of gallstones, and an ESEM-EDX microanalysis was first applied to determine the microstructural features and elemental compositions of the various gallstones. Bacteria presented on the surface of gallstones were also detected by SEM. RESULTS Four types of gallstones were obtained from these 36 Taiwanese patients: calcium bilirubinate (CaBR) stones (30.6%), cholesterol stones (19.4%), mixed stones including 6 subtypes (47.2%), and acute gallbladder sludge (2.8%) made of CaBR and protein/insoluble biomaterials. Bacteria imprints and bacterial discharges or bacterial biofilms were also found on the surface of gallstones and acute sludge under a SEM observation. ESEM-EDX results revealed that calcium was found to be the main constituent of all of the types of stones except cholesterol stones, and aluminum was also presented in most of the stones and sludge samples. Chloride was only detected in the acute gallbladder sludge. CONCLUSION FTIR spectra, morphological features, and elemental compositions of the acute gallbladder sludge were different from those of the chronic gallstones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Li Cheng
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Institute of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Huang Chang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Tien-Hua Chen
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Jiun Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsin Chu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Jung Huang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shan-Yang Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsin Chu, Taiwan, ROC.
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Pramanik S, Ghosh S, Roy A, Mukherjee R, Mukherjee AK. Phase composition and morphological analysis of human gallstones using IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray Rietveld analysis. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2015-1881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Quantitative phase composition and morphological characterization of 12 human gallbladder stones (GS1–GS12) retrieved from patients of eastern India have been carried out using IR-spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The FTIR spectra indicated that the primary composition of gallstones studied was cholesterol. X-ray powder diffraction study revealed cholesterol monohydrate (CHM) as the major crystalline phase in GS1–GS12. The Rietveld analysis showed that nine of the gallstones were composed exclusively of CHM, while the remaining three stones contained in addition to CHM, small amounts (4.2–10.6 wt%) of calcium carbonate as aragonite and vaterite. The crystallite size of CHM in GS1–GS12 varied between 82(6) and 249(3) nm. The SEM images of gallstones showed different crystal habits of CHM such as plates, thin rods, rectangular and hexagonal blocks, which resulted into different levels of agglomeration at the mesoscopic scale. Presence of numerous parasitic eggs with a typical muskmelon surface in three gallstones (GS2, GS7 and GS9) suggests possible association between the liver fluke infection and biliary stone formation in these patients. To the best of our knowledge, the study constitutes the first report of X-ray quantitative phase analysis of gallstones using the Rietveld methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiran Pramanik
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumen Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Gour Mahavidyalaya, Malda-732142, West Bengal, India
| | - Arkaprovo Roy
- Department of Surgery, Malda Medical College and Hospital, Malda-732101, West Bengal, India
| | - Ramanuj Mukherjee
- R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata-700004, West Bengal, India
| | - Alok Kumar Mukherjee
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
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Tas AC. The use of physiological solutions or media in calcium phosphate synthesis and processing. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1771-92. [PMID: 24389317 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This review examined the literature to spot uses, if any, of physiological solutions/media for the in situ synthesis of calcium phosphates (CaP) under processing conditions (i.e. temperature, pH, concentration of inorganic ions present in media) mimicking those prevalent in the human hard tissue environments. There happens to be a variety of aqueous solutions or media developed for different purposes; sometimes they have been named as physiological saline, isotonic solution, cell culture solution, metastable CaP solution, supersaturated calcification solution, simulated body fluid or even dialysate solution (for dialysis patients). Most of the time such solutions were not used as the aqueous medium to perform the biomimetic synthesis of calcium phosphates, and their use was usually limited to the in vitro testing of synthetic biomaterials. This review illustrates that only a limited number of research studies used physiological solutions or media such as Earle's balanced salt solution, Bachra et al. solutions or Tris-buffered simulated body fluid solution containing 27mM HCO3(-) for synthesizing CaP, and these studies have consistently reported the formation of X-ray-amorphous CaP nanopowders instead of Ap-CaP or stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) at 37°C and pH 7.4. By relying on the published articles, this review highlights the significance of the use of aqueous solutions containing 0.8-1.5 mMMg(2+), 22-27mM HCO3(-), 142-145mM Na(+), 5-5.8mM K(+), 103-133mM Cl(-), 1.8-3.75mM Ca(2+), and 0.8-1.67mM HPO4(2-), which essentially mimic the composition and the overall ionic strength of the human extracellular fluid (ECF), in forming the nanospheres of X-ray-amorphous CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cuneyt Tas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Idris SA, Elsiddig KE, Hamza AA, Hafiz MM, Shalayel MHF. Extensive Quantitative Analysis of Gallstones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2014.51009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Stringer MD, Fraser S, Gordon KC, Sharples K, Windsor JA. Gallstones in New Zealand: composition, risk factors and ethnic differences. ANZ J Surg 2012; 83:575-80. [PMID: 22985390 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2012.06234.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallstone disease is a worldwide problem causing morbidity, mortality and a drain on health-care resources. This prospective study aimed to investigate the spectrum of gallstone types in New Zealand and relate these to known risk factors. METHODS Gallstone samples were collected from 107 patients undergoing surgery for gallstone disease at Auckland City Hospital between June 2009 and June 2010. Detailed chemical analyses were performed using Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy. The relationship between gallstone type and age, gender, ethnicity, obesity and positive family history were analysed. RESULTS Median age was 51 years (range 19-88), 75 (70%) were female, one third were obese (body mass index ≥ 30) and 41% had a positive family history. Major ethnic groups were European (51%), Asian (23%) and Māori/Pacific (18%). Gallstone types included pure or mixed cholesterol stones (74%), black pigment stones (20%) and brown pigment stones (5%). Asians had a higher proportion of black pigment stones and NZ Europeans had more cholesterol and mixed cholesterol stones (odds ratio 3.6 (95% CI 1.1 to 11.5)). The frequency of cholesterol/mixed cholesterol stones was not significantly different between NZ Europeans and Māori/Pacific groups (P = 0.7). Black pigment stones were more common in older patients (mean 68.0 years compared with 47.6 for cholesterol/mixed cholesterol stones) (P = 0.0001). There was no significant relationship between stone type and family history (P = 0.16) or gender (P = 0.17). CONCLUSION This novel prospective study highlights risk factors and ethnic differences in gallstone composition in New Zealand. These may be important when considering gallstone prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Stringer
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Kleiner O, Ramesh J, Huleihel M, Cohen B, Kantarovich K, Levi C, Polyak B, Marks RS, Mordehai J, Cohen Z, Mordechai S. A comparative study of gallstones from children and adults using FTIR spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. BMC Gastroenterol 2002; 2:3. [PMID: 11872150 PMCID: PMC65695 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2001] [Accepted: 02/11/2002] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholelithiasis is the gallstone disease (GSD) where stones are formed in the gallbladder. The main function of the gallbladder is to concentrate bile by the absorption of water and sodium. GSD has high prevalence among elderly adults. There are three major types of gallstones found in patients, White, Black and Brown. The major chemical component of white stones is cholesterol. Black and brown stones contain different proportions of cholesterol and bilirubin. The pathogenesis of gallstones is not clearly understood. Analysis of the chemical composition of gallstones using various spectroscopic techniques offers clues to the pathogenesis of gallstones. Recent years has seen an increasing trend in the number of cases involving children. The focus of this study is on the analysis of the chemical composition of gallstones from child and adult patients using spectroscopic methods. METHODS In this report, we present FTIR spectroscopic studies and fluorescence microscopic analysis of gallstones obtained from 67 adult and 21 child patients. The gallstones were removed during surgical operations at Soroka University Medical Center. RESULTS Our results show that black stones from adults and children are rich in bilirubin. Brown stones are composed of varying amounts of bilirubin and cholesterol. Green stones removed from an adult, which is rare, was found to be composed mainly of cholesterol. Our results also indicated that cholesterol and bilirubin could be the risk factors for gallstone formation in adults and children respectively. Fluorescence micrographs showed that the Ca-bilirubinate was present in all stones in different quantities and however, Cu-bilirubinate was present only in the mixed and black stones. CONCLUSIONS Analysis based on FTIR suggest that the composition of black and brown stones from both children and adults are similar. Various layers of the brown stone from adults differ by having varying quantities of cholesterol and calcium carbonate. Ring patterns observed mainly in the green stone using fluorescence microscopy have relevance to the mechanism of the stone formation. Our preliminary study suggests that bilirubin and cholesterol are the main risk factors of gallstone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Kleiner
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84101 Israel
| | | | - Mahmoud Huleihel
- The Institute for Applied Biosciences, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Beny Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Keren Kantarovich
- Department of Physics, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Chen Levi
- Department of Physics, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Boris Polyak
- The Institute for Applied Biosciences, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Robert S Marks
- The Institute for Applied Biosciences, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Jacov Mordehai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84101 Israel
| | - Zahavi Cohen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84101 Israel
| | - Shaul Mordechai
- Department of Physics, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
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Chua-anusorn W, Webb J. Infrared spectroscopic studies of nanoscale iron oxide deposits isolated from human thalassemic tissues. J Inorg Biochem 2000; 79:303-9. [PMID: 10830881 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(99)00233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ferritin and hemosiderin isolated from human thalassemic tissues have been characterized by infrared spectroscopy. Spectral features due to both the organic components and the inorganic iron oxyhydroxide have been identified. In particular, spectral evidence for the presence of the goethite (alpha-FeOOH) form of hemosiderin has been obtained in the < 800 cm(-1) range. Various treatments of the hemosiderin isolates result in only small changes in the infrared spectrum indicating the close association of the organic components with the nanoscale iron particles present.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Chua-anusorn
- Division of Science and Engineering, Murdoch University, WA, Australia
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