1
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Seki A, Yoshio M, Mori Y, Funahashi M. Ferroelectric Liquid-Crystalline Binary Mixtures Based on Achiral and Chiral Trifluoromethylphenylterthiophenes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:53029-53038. [PMID: 33198454 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a new family of ferroelectric smectic liquid-crystalline binary mixtures composed of achiral and chiral trifluoromethylphenylterthiophenes. The chiral symmetry breaking of the ferroelectric smectic phases can lead to chiral photovoltaic (CPV) effects, as a type of ferroelectric photovoltaic (FePV) effect, which is caused by the internal electric field originating from the spontaneous polarization. These ferroelectric properties were examined using the Sawyer-Tower method, and the CPV effect was confirmed by measuring the steady-state photocurrent response under zero bias. We found that the remnant polarization and photocurrent density in the polarized ferroelectric phases increased nonlinearly with the increase in the content of the chiral component in the mixture. Moreover, the hole mobility evaluated by time-of-flight measurements was kept constant by varying the composition. More than 40 mol % of the chiral component was required to form the polar structure, inducing the CPV effect. Binary mixture systems are advantageous for not only optimizing liquid crystal structures and temperature ranges but also facilitating the design of materials exhibiting CPV effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Seki
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yoshio
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yuki Mori
- Program in Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kagawa University, 2217-20 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0396, Japan
| | - Masahiro Funahashi
- Program in Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kagawa University, 2217-20 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0396, Japan
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
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2
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Yang H, Wang Q, Luo Y, Ye L, Li X, Chen F, Zhao Z, Li X. Enantioselective synthesis of trifluoromethyl substituted cyclohexanones via an organocatalytic cascade Michael/aldol reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1607-1611. [PMID: 32030393 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00004c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective (92-99% ee) Michael/aldol cascade reaction between 4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetates and α,β-unsaturated enones was established in the presence of cinchona alkaloid-based primary amines. Various β-CF3-cyclohexanones were constructed in high yields (81-99%) as a couple of separable diastereomers. This tandem reaction was sensitive to acidic co-catalysts, with a Michael/aldol condensation process favorably occurring to generate β-CF3-cyclohexenones (42-69% yield, 84-96% ee) in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhou Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Qingqing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yuan Luo
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ling Ye
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xinying Li
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xuefeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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3
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Funabiki K, Hayakawa A, Kani R, Inuzuka T, Kubota Y. One-Pot and Reducible-Functional-Group-Tolerant Synthesis of α-Aryl- and α-Heteroaryl-α-Trifluoromethyl Alcohols via Tandem Trifluoroacetylation and MPV Type Reduction. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Funabiki
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido 501-1193 Gifu Japan
| | - Ayaka Hayakawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido 501-1193 Gifu Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Kani
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido 501-1193 Gifu Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Inuzuka
- Division of Instrumental Analysis; Life Science Research Center; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido 501-1193 Gifu Japan
| | - Yashuhiro Kubota
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science; Gifu University; 1-1 Yanagido 501-1193 Gifu Japan
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4
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Enamullah M, Vasylyeva V, Quddus MA, Islam MK, Höfert SP, Janiak C. Spontaneous resolution of a Δ/Λ-chiral-at-metal pseudo-tetrahedral Schiff-base zinc complex to a racemic conglomerate with C–H⋯O organized 41- and 43-helices. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00839f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Weak supramolecular interactions can be decisive!
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vera Vasylyeva
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- D-40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | | | | | - Simon-Patrick Höfert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- D-40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- D-40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
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5
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Sakurai T, Yoneda S, Sakaguchi S, Kato K, Takata M, Seki S. Donor/Acceptor Segregated π-Stacking Arrays by Use of Shish-Kebab-Type Polymeric Backbones: Highly Conductive Discotic Blends of Phthalocyaninatopolysiloxanes and Perylenediimides. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuneaki Sakurai
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoneda
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shugo Sakaguchi
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kato
- Materials
Visualization Photon Science Group, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Masaki Takata
- Materials
Visualization Photon Science Group, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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6
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Le KV, Takezoe H, Araoka F. Chiral Superstructure Mesophases of Achiral Bent-Shaped Molecules - Hierarchical Chirality Amplification and Physical Properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1602737. [PMID: 27966798 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chiral mesophases in achiral bent-shaped molecules have attracted particular attention since their discovery in the middle 1990s, not only because of their homochirality and polarity, but also due to their unique physical/physicochemical properties. Here, the most intriguing results in the studies of such symmetry-broken states, mainly helical-nanofilament (HNF) and dark-conglomerate (DC) phases, are reviewed. Firstly, basic information on the typical appearance and optical activity in these phases is introduced. In the following section, the formation of mesoscopic chiral superstructures in the HNF and DC phases is discussed in terms of hierarchical chirality. Nanoscale phase segregation in mixture systems and gelation ability in the HNF phase are also described. In addition, some other related chiral phases of bent-shaped molecules are shown. Recent attempts to control such mesoscopic chiral structure and the alignment/confinement of HNFs are also discussed, along with several examples of their fascinating advanced physical properties, i.e. huge enhancement of circular dichroism, electro- and photo-tunable optical activities, chirality-induced nonlinear optics (second-harmonic-generation circular difference and electrogyration effect), enhanced hydrophobicity through the dual-scale surface morphological modulation, and photoconductivity in the HNF/fullerene binary system. Future prospects from basic science and application viewpoints are also indicated in the concluding section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa V Le
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hideo Takezoe
- Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute, 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1192, Japan
| | - Fumito Araoka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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7
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Seki A, Funatsu Y, Funahashi M. Anomalous photovoltaic effect based on molecular chirality: influence of enantiomeric purity on the photocurrent response in π-conjugated ferroelectric liquid crystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:16446-16455. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02624b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Photovoltaic effect based on molecular chirality was observed in π-conjugated ferroelectric liquid crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Seki
- Department of Advanced Materials Science
- Faculty of Engineering
- Kagawa University
- Takamatsu
- Japan
| | - Yusuke Funatsu
- Department of Advanced Materials Science
- Faculty of Engineering
- Kagawa University
- Takamatsu
- Japan
| | - Masahiro Funahashi
- Department of Advanced Materials Science
- Faculty of Engineering
- Kagawa University
- Takamatsu
- Japan
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8
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Tschierske C, Ungar G. Mirror Symmetry Breaking by Chirality Synchronisation in Liquids and Liquid Crystals of Achiral Molecules. Chemphyschem 2015; 17:9-26. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Tschierske
- Institute of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Kurt-Mothes Str. 2 06120 Halle/Saale Germany
| | - Goran Ungar
- Department of Physics; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Xiasha College Park 310018 Hangzhou China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S1 3JD Sheffield UK
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9
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Dressel C, Reppe T, Prehm M, Brautzsch M, Tschierske C. Chiral self-sorting and amplification in isotropic liquids of achiral molecules. Nat Chem 2014; 6:971-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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10
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Funabiki K, Itoh Y, Kubota Y, Matsui M. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Direct Aldol Reactions of Trifluoroacetaldehyde Ethyl Hemiacetal with Aromatic Methyl Ketones. J Org Chem 2011; 76:3545-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200020z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Funabiki
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yuya Itoh
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kubota
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Masaki Matsui
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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11
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Yoneya M. Toward rational design of complex nanostructured liquid crystals. CHEM REC 2011; 11:66-76. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Rosen BM, Peterca M, Morimitsu K, Dulcey AE, Leowanawat P, Resmerita AM, Imam MR, Percec V. Programming the Supramolecular Helical Polymerization of Dendritic Dipeptides via the Stereochemical Information of the Dipeptide. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:5135-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ja200280h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brad M. Rosen
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Mihai Peterca
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, United States
| | - Kentaro Morimitsu
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Andrés E. Dulcey
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Pawaret Leowanawat
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Ana-Maria Resmerita
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Mohammad R. Imam
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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13
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Takezoe H. Spontaneous Achiral Symmetry Breaking in Liquid Crystalline Phases. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 318:303-30. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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14
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Mkami K, Korenaga T, Matsukawa S, Ding KL, Long J. Engineering Chiral Catalysts through Asymmetric Activation and Super High Throughput Screening (SHTS). CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.20010190603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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16
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Jeong HS, Tanaka S, Yoon DK, Choi SW, Kim YH, Kawauchi S, Araoka F, Takezoe H, Jung HT. Spontaneous Chirality Induction and Enantiomer Separation in Liquid Crystals Composed of Achiral Rod-Shaped 4-Arylbenzoate Esters. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:15055-60. [DOI: 10.1021/ja905785d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Su Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea, Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shingo Tanaka
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea, Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Dong Ki Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea, Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Suk-Won Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea, Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yun Ho Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea, Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Susumu Kawauchi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea, Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Fumito Araoka
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea, Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hideo Takezoe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea, Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hee-Tae Jung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea, Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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17
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Martínez-Perdiguero J, Alonso I, Ortega J, Folcia CL, Etxebarria J, Pintre I, Ros MB, Amabilino DB. Bent-core liquid-crystalline derivative of tetrathiafulvalene: photoresponsivity and deracemization. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 77:020701. [PMID: 18351975 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.77.020701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A bent-core mesogen containing a tetrathiafulvalene group is studied. The mesophase is an optically isotropic spongelike smectic phase without optical activity. The material responds to uv light in a peculiar way, showing photoconductivity and, in some circumstances, changing its mesomorphic properties. Under an electric field, large chiral domains are segregated from an initial racemic phase within a few minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martínez-Perdiguero
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del País Vasco, Apartado 644, Bilbao, Spain
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18
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Huang T, Hu Z, Zhao A, Wang H, Wang B, Yang J, Hou JG. Quasi Chiral Phase Separation in a Two-Dimensional Orientationally Disordered System: 6-Nitrospiropyran on Au(111). J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:3857-62. [PMID: 17346042 DOI: 10.1021/ja066521p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption and chiral expression of 6-nitrospiropyran (SP6) molecules on a Au(111) surface are studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Both the chirality and the adsorption orientation of each adsorbed SP6 molecule are determined. The racemic mixture of SP6 enantiomers forms two-dimensional (2D) domains with same close packed positional orders but different internal orientational structures due to the random distribution of two adsorption orientations in each domain. However, all these orientationally disordered 2D domains undergo spontaneous quasi chiral phase separation; the 2D SP6 domains separate into 1D homochiral chains in which the SP6 molecules adopt two orientations randomly. This novel phenomenon is attributed to the preferential formation of the energetic favorable configurations with both the C-H...O weak hydrogen bonds and the pi-stacking of the two moieties of each SP6 molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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19
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20
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Walba DM, Korblova E, Huang CC, Shao R, Nakata M, Clark NA. Reflection Symmetry Breaking in Achiral Rod-Shaped Smectic Liquid Crystals? J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:5318-9. [PMID: 16620084 DOI: 10.1021/ja060478o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The SmC phase of 4'-octyloxyphenyl-4-octyloxybenzoate has been examined in light of recent reports that this phase is chiral. The results suggest that two varieties of chiral domains in LC cells of the phenylbenzoate are indeed formed, driven by interactions with surfaces. Application of sensitive probes for chirality and polarity in the absence of such interfacial influences failed to find any. Currently, there is no evidence that the subject SmC phase is chiral.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Walba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 215 UCB, Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
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21
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Mikami K, Wakabayashi K, Aikawa K. “Achiral” Benzophenone Ligand for Highly Enantioselective Ru Catalysts in Ketone Hydrogenation. Org Lett 2006; 8:1517-9. [PMID: 16597099 DOI: 10.1021/ol052936o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The chirality of an "achiral" benzophenone-based complex can be controlled. The benzophenone-based complex thus controlled affords high enantioselectivity in the catalytic asymmetric ketone hydrogenation (up to 99% ee, >99% yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Mikami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.
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22
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23
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Reddy RA, Tschierske C. Bent-core liquid crystals: polar order, superstructural chirality and spontaneous desymmetrisation in soft matter systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b504400f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 777] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Mikami K, Itoh Y, Yamanaka M. Fluorinated carbonyl and olefinic compounds: basic character and asymmetric catalytic reactions. Chem Rev 2004; 104:1-16. [PMID: 14719970 DOI: 10.1021/cr030685w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Mikami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.
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25
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Mikami K, Miyamoto T, Hatano M. A highly efficient asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction catalyzed by cationic chiral palladium(ii) complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2004:2082-3. [PMID: 15367985 DOI: 10.1039/b407250b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cationic chiral palladium(ii) complexes are shown to catalyze the asymmetric coupling reaction of aryl boronates and aryl halides within a short period of time in good yield and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Mikami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.
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Mikami K, Yamanaka M. Symmetry breaking in asymmetric catalysis: racemic catalysis to autocatalysis. Chem Rev 2003; 103:3369-400. [PMID: 12914501 DOI: 10.1021/cr000260z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Mikami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.
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Pérez-García L, Amabilino DB. Spontaneous resolution under supramolecular control. Chem Soc Rev 2002; 31:342-56. [PMID: 12491749 DOI: 10.1039/b201099m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The spontaneous resolution of enantiomers is an intriguing and important phenomenon in a number of research areas. Non-covalent interactions can play a key role in the process which can now be observed not only in crystals, but in liquid crystals, self-assembled monolayers, self-assembled fibres, and supramolecules self-assembled in solution. The evidence gathered in all of these areas is important for explaining the transfer of chirality from molecule to bulk, and in particular the spontaneous resolution of enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluïsa Pérez-García
- Laboratori de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Fenniri H, Deng BL, Ribbe AE. Helical rosette nanotubes with tunable chiroptical properties. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:11064-72. [PMID: 12224954 DOI: 10.1021/ja026164s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and circular dichroism (CD) studies, compound 1 was shown to exist mainly in two states: (a) At high concentration (> or =1 mM, in methanol), 1 undergoes hierarchical self-assembly to generate rosette nanotubes with approximately 4 nm diameter and a concentration-dependent hydrodynamic radius in the range 10-100 nm. Under these conditions, addition of a chiral amino acid promoter (L-Ala), that binds to the crown ether moiety of 1 via electrostatic interactions, promotes a rapid transition (k(0) approximately equal 0.48 s(-1), for [1] = 0.046 mM, [L-Ala] = 2.8 mM) from racemic to chiral rosette nanotubes with predefined helicities as indicated by the resulting induced circular dichroism (ICD). (b) At low concentration (< or =0.04 mM, in methanol), 1 exists mainly in a nonassembled state as shown by TEM and DLS. Addition of L-Ala in this case triggers a relatively slow (k(0) approximately equal 0.07 s(-1) for [1] = 0.04 mM, [L-Ala] = 2.4 mM) sequence of supramolecular reactions leading to the hierarchical self-assembly of rosette nanotubes with predefined helicities. Under both conditions a and b, the kinetic data unveiled the intrinsic ability of the rosette nanotubes to promote their own formation (autocatalysis). The degree of chiral induction was found to depend dramatically upon the chemical structure of the promoter. This process appears also to follow an all-or-none response, as the vast majority of the crown ether sites must be occupied with a promoter for a complete transition to chiral nanotubes to take place. Finally, both supramolecular pathways a and b offer an efficient approach for the preparation of helical rosette nanotubes with tunable chiroptical properties and may also be viewed as a process by which a predefined set of physical and chemical properties that characterizes a molecular promoter is expressed at the macromolecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Fenniri
- Contribution from the 1393 H. C. Brown Chemistry Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393, USA.
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Capozzi G, Delogu G, Fabbri D, Marini M, Menichetti S, Nativi C. Regiocontrolled synthesis of enantiopure 3,3'-thiosubstituted biphenyls. J Org Chem 2002; 67:2019-26. [PMID: 11925205 DOI: 10.1021/jo0157627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sulfenylation of 6,6'-dimethoxy-2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl, used as a racemic mixture and single enantiomers, by phthalimidesulfenyl chloride afforded the corresponding 3,3'-N,N'-dithiophthalimide with complete regioselectivity. Simple manipulations of the latter compound allowed access to the corresponding bis-thiol or o-thioquinone as useful intermediates for the synthesis of new sulfur-containing open-chain and macrocyclic C(2) enantiopure ligands. The application of this methodology to the preparation of a biphenyl bearing two cysteine units as potential HIV-1 protease inhibitor is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Capozzi
- Centro CNR "Chimica dei Composti Eterociclici", Dipartimento di Chimica Organica, Universita' di Firenze, via G. Capponi 9, I-50121, Firenze, Italy
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Delogu G, Fabbri D, Dettori MA, Forni A, Casalone G. C2-Symmetric sulfur derivatives of 2,2′,3,3′-tetramethoxybiphenyl. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(01)00247-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yoneya M, Yokoyama H. Chirality induction from chiral molecules to adsorbed monolayers. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1369162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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de Loos M, van Esch J, Kellogg RM, Feringa BL. Chiral Recognition in Bis-Urea-Based Aggregates and Organogels through Cooperative Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20010202)113:3<633::aid-ange633>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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de Loos M, van Esch J, Kellogg RM, Feringa BL. Chiral Recognition in Bis-Urea-Based Aggregates and Organogels through Cooperative Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20010202)40:3%3c613::aid-anie613%3e3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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de Loos M, van Esch J, Kellogg RM, Feringa BL. Chiral Recognition in Bis-Urea-Based Aggregates and Organogels through Cooperative Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001; 40:613-616. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20010202)40:3<613::aid-anie613>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2000] [Revised: 11/06/2000] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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