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Cejas-Sánchez J, Caminade AM, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K, Sebastián RM. A water-soluble polyphosphorhydrazone Janus dendrimer built by "click" chemistry as support for Ru-complexes in catalysis. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9120-9129. [PMID: 38738979 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04376b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The field of supported catalysis has experienced increased attention with respect to the development of novel architectures for immobilizing catalytic species, aiming to maintain or enhance their activity while facilitating the easy recovery and reuse of the active moiety. Dendrimers have been identified as promising candidates capable of imparting such properties to catalysts through selective functionalization. The present study details the synthesis of two polyphosphorhydrazone (PPH) dendrons, each incorporating azide or acetylene groups at the core for subsequent coupling through "click" triazole chemistry. Employing this methodology, a novel PPH Janus dendrimer was successfully synthesized, featuring ten polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains on one side of the structure and ten Ru(p-cymene) derivatives on the other. This design was intended to confer dual properties, influencing solubility modulation, and allowing the presence of active catalytic moieties. The synthesized dendrimer underwent testing in the isomerization of allyl alcohols in organic solvents and biphasic solvent mixtures. The results demonstrated a positive dendritic effect compared with model monometallic and bimetallic species, providing a proof-of-concept for the first PPH Janus dendrimer with tested applications in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Cejas-Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anne-Marie Caminade
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099, 31077 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rosa María Sebastián
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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Cejas-Sánchez J, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K, Caminade AM, Sebastián RM. Strategies for the Preparation of Phosphorus Janus Dendrimers and Their Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:5570. [PMID: 37513445 PMCID: PMC10383788 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers, being highly branched monodispersed macromolecules, predominantly exhibit identical terminal functionalities within their structural framework. Nonetheless, there are instances where the presence of two distinct surface functionalities becomes advantageous for the fulfilment of specific properties. To achieve this objective, one approach involves implementing Janus dendrimers, consisting of two dendrimeric wedges terminated by dissimilar functionalities. The prevalent method for creating these structures involves the synthesis of dendrons that possess a core functionality that complements that of a second dendron, facilitating their coupling to generate the desired dendrimers. In this comprehensive review, various techniques employed in the fabrication of phosphorus-based Janus dendrimers are elucidated, displaying the different coupling methodologies employed between the two units. The advantages of phosphorus dendrimers over classic dendrimers will be shown, as the presence of at least one phosphorus atom in each generation allows for the easy monitoring of reactions and the confirmation of purity through a simple technique such as 31P NMR, as these structures typically exhibit easily interpretable patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Cejas-Sánchez
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anne-Marie Caminade
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099, CEDEX 4, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, CEDEX 4, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Rosa María Sebastián
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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The Usefulness of Trivalent Phosphorus for the Synthesis of Dendrimers. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020269. [PMID: 33430439 PMCID: PMC7827886 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are hyperbranched macromolecules, which are synthesized step-by-step by the repetition of a series of reactions. While many different types of dendrimers are known, this review focusses on the use of trivalent phosphorus derivatives (essentially phosphines and phosphoramidites) for the synthesis of dendrimers. The first part presents dendrimers constituted of phosphines at each branching point. The other parts display the use of trivalent phosphorus derivatives during the synthesis of dendrimers. Different types of reactions have been applied to phosphines. The very first examples of phosphorus-containing dendrimers were obtained by the alkylation of phosphines. Then, several families of dendrimers were elaborated by reaction of phosphoramidites. Such a type of reaction is the base of the solid phase synthesis of oligonucleotides; it has been applied in particular for the synthesis of dendrimers constituted of oligonucleotides. Finally, the Staudinger reaction between phosphines and azides afforded different families of dendrimers, and was at the origin of accelerated methods of synthesis of dendrimers. Besides, the reactivity of the P=N-P=S linkages created by this reaction led to very original dendritic structures.
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Majoral J, Caminade A. Phosphorhydrazones as Useful Building Blocks for Special Architectures: Macrocycles and Dendrimers. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination CNRS 205, route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
- LCC‐CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS Toulouse France
| | - Anne‐Marie Caminade
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination CNRS 205, route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
- LCC‐CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS Toulouse France
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Bifunctional Phosphorus Dendrimers and Their Properties. Molecules 2016; 21:538. [PMID: 27120586 PMCID: PMC6273332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are hyperbranched and monodisperse macromolecules, generally considered as a special class of polymers, but synthesized step-by-step. Most dendrimers have a uniform structure, with a single type of terminal function. However, it is often desirable to have at least two different functional groups. This review will discuss the case of bifunctional phosphorus-containing dendrimers, and the consequences for their properties. Besides the terminal functions, dendritic structures may have also a function at the core, or linked off-center to the core, or at the core of dendrons (dendritic wedges). Association of two dendrons having different terminal functions leads to Janus dendrimers (two faces). The internal structure can also possess functional groups on one layer, or linked to one layer, or on several layers. Finally, there are several ways to have two types of terminal functions, besides the case of Janus dendrimers: either each terminal function bears two functions sequentially, or two different functions are linked to each terminal branching point. Examples of each type of structure will be given in this review, as well as practical uses of such sophisticated structures in the fields of fluorescence, catalysis, nanomaterials and biology.
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Riegert D, Pla-Quintana A, Fuchs S, Laurent R, Turrin CO, Duhayon C, Majoral JP, Chaumonnot A, Caminade AM. Diversified Strategies for the Synthesis of Bifunctional Dendrimeric Structures. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Alajarin M, Lopez-Leonardo C, Llamas-Lorente P, Raja R, Bautista D, Orenes RA. Palladium complexes derived from N,N-bidentate NH-iminophosphorane ligands: synthesis and use as catalysts in the Sonogashira reaction. Dalton Trans 2013; 41:12259-69. [PMID: 22930075 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31290e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of primary amines to the C=C bond of diphenylalkenyl iminophosphoranes yielded a new subtype of N,N-bidentate ligands bearing N=P(V)-C-C-NH backbones. These donor ligands reacted with PdCl(2)(COD) to give the corresponding σN,σN-palladium complexes containing secondary amino groups, bearing an intrinsically chiral nitrogen atom, and iminophosphorane units. These new complexes have been fully characterized by the use of spectroscopic techniques and X-ray crystallography. The comparison of the data extracted from their solution NMR spectra with their solid state structures demonstrated the conformational stability of their six-membered chelate ring and also the configurational stability of the chiral nitrogen atom, thus ruling out an arm-off racemization process. The addition of the chiral, racemic α-methylbenzylamine to the prochiral P-alkenyl iminophosphoranes yielded mixtures of the two expected diasteroisomeric ligands in low diastereoisomeric ratios. One of these mixtures was resolved into their components, each one in turn giving rise to a pair of diasteromeric palladium complexes epimeric at the amino nitrogen atom. One selected example of the new complexes efficiently catalyzes the copper- and amine-free Sonogashira reaction of aryl halides with acetylenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Caminade AM, Laurent R, Zablocka M, Majoral JP. Organophosphorus chemistry for the synthesis of dendrimers. Molecules 2012; 17:13605-21. [PMID: 23159922 PMCID: PMC6268704 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171113605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are multifunctional, hyperbranched and perfectly defined macromolecules, synthesized layer after layer in an iterative manner. Besides the nature of the terminal groups responsible for most of the properties, the nature of the internal structure, and more precisely of the branching points, is also of crucial importance. For more than 15 years, we have demonstrated that the presence of phosphorus atom(s) at each branching point of the dendrimeric structure is particularly important and highly valuable for three main reasons: (i) the versatility of phosphorus chemistry that allows diversified organochemistry for the synthesis of dendrimers; (ii) the use of 31P-NMR, which is a highly valuable tool for the characterization of dendrimers; (iii) some properties (in the fields of catalysis, materials, and especially biology), that are directly connected to the nature of the internal structure and of the branching points. This review will give an overview of the methods of synthesis of phosphorus-containing dendrimers, as well on the ways to graft phosphorus derivatives as terminal groups, with emphasis on the various roles played by the chemistry of phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Caminade
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; (R.L.); (J.-P.M.)
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Régis Laurent
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; (R.L.); (J.-P.M.)
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Maria Zablocka
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; (R.L.); (J.-P.M.)
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, The Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90363 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jean-Pierre Majoral
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; (R.L.); (J.-P.M.)
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Caminade AM, Laurent R, Delavaux-Nicot B, Majoral JP. “Janus” dendrimers: syntheses and properties. NEW J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20458k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ornelas C, Pennell R, Liebes LF, Weck M. Construction of a Well-Defined Multifunctional Dendrimer for Theranostics. Org Lett 2011; 13:976-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol103019z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Ornelas
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 31 Washington Place, New York, New York 10003, United States, and Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, Tisch Hospital, 550 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Ryan Pennell
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 31 Washington Place, New York, New York 10003, United States, and Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, Tisch Hospital, 550 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Leonard F. Liebes
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 31 Washington Place, New York, New York 10003, United States, and Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, Tisch Hospital, 550 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Marcus Weck
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 31 Washington Place, New York, New York 10003, United States, and Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, Tisch Hospital, 550 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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Maraval V, Laurent R, Donnadieu B, Caminade AM, Majoral JP. Synthesis and Characterization of Controlled Dendritic Architectures by Association of Two Phosphorus Dendrons Through a Metallic Center. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500902947971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Maraval
- a Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS , Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Régis Laurent
- a Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS , Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Bruno Donnadieu
- a Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS , Toulouse Cedex, France
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Newkome GR, Shreiner CD. Poly(amidoamine), polypropylenimine, and related dendrimers and dendrons possessing different 1→2 branching motifs: An overview of the divergent procedures. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Wang W, Sun H, Kaifer AE. Redox Active, Hybrid Dendrimers Containing Fréchet- and Newkome-Type Blocks. Org Lett 2007; 9:2657-60. [PMID: 17550260 DOI: 10.1021/ol0708525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new series of dendrimers was prepared by covalently attaching a Newkome dendron, a Fréchet dendron, and a redox active, aminoferrocene group to a central triazine core. Growth of the Newkome dendron has a more pronounced effect on the half-wave potential for the one-electron oxidation of the ferrocene residue than growth of the Fréchet dendron. All dendrimers show reversible or quasireversible voltammetric behavior at scan rates in the range 0.10-2.0 V s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Center for Supramolecular Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124-0431, USA
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Mather BD, Viswanathan K, Miller KM, Long TE. Michael addition reactions in macromolecular design for emerging technologies. Prog Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 623] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Caminade A, Maraval A, Majoral J. Phosphorus‐Containing Dendrons: Synthesis, Reactivity, Properties, and Use as Building Blocks for Various Dendritic Architectures. Eur J Inorg Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200500893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne‐Marie Caminade
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France, Fax: +33‐5‐6155‐3003
| | - Alexandrine Maraval
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France, Fax: +33‐5‐6155‐3003
| | - Jean‐Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France, Fax: +33‐5‐6155‐3003
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Maraval V, Maraval A, Spataro G, Caminade AM, Majoral JP, Kim DH, Knoll W. Design of tailored multi-charged phosphorus surface-block dendrimers. NEW J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b610632n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kofoed J, Reymond JL. Dendrimers as artificial enzymes. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2005; 9:656-64. [PMID: 16260174 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2005] [Accepted: 10/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers are regular tree-like macromolecules accessible by chemical synthesis from a variety of building blocks. Their topology enforces a globular shape that offers a unique opportunity to design artificial enzymes. Catalytic groups such as metal complexes and cofactors can be placed at the dendrimer core to exploit microenvironment and selectivity effects of the dendritic shell. In a second approach, attaching catalytic groups in multiple copies at the end of the dendritic branches may lead to cooperativity effects. Finally, exploration of dendritic structural space by screening combinatorial libraries of peptide dendrimers for catalytic activity can lead to discovery of functional dendrimers with enzyme-like properties, in a process mimicking natural selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Kofoed
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
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Sebastián RM, Griffe L, Turrin CO, Donnadieu B, Caminade AM, Majoral JP. Synthesis and Core and Surface Reactivity of Phosphorus-Based Dendrons. Eur J Inorg Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200400016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Turrin CO, Maraval V, Leclaire J, Dantras E, Lacabanne C, Caminade AM, Majoral JP. Surface, core, and structure modifications of phosphorus-containing dendrimers. Influence on the thermal stability. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Majoral JP, Caminade AM, Laurent R, Sutra P. Phosphorus-containing dendrimers: From material science to biology. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.10075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Maraval V, Sebastian RM, Ben F, Laurent R, Caminade AM, Majoral JP. Varying Topology of Dendrimers − A New Approach toward the Synthesis of Di-Block Dendrimers. Eur J Inorg Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0682(200107)2001:7<1681::aid-ejic1681>3.0.co;2-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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