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Celá A, Glatz Z. Homocyclic
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‐dicarboxaldehydes: Derivatization reagents for sensitive analysis of amino acids and related compounds by capillary and microchip electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1851-1869. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Celá
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Glatz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
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2
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Fernández Feito R, Dinsdale RM, Guwy AJ, Premier GC. A new sequential injection analysis-capillary electrophoresis system with amperometric detection. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1754-1762. [PMID: 29704250 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A novel and fully automated sequential injection analysis manifold coupled to a capillary electrophoresis apparatus with amperometric detection, is described. The sequential injection manifold was isolated from the high voltage by inserting an air plug into the circuit. Small buffer reservoirs were used to avoid the need to pump fresh buffer to the interface during the electrophoretic separation. No decoupling device was used to mitigate the interference from the high voltage electric field, instead the potential shift induced by the separation voltage, was accounted for. The new hydrodynamic injection method presented is based on the overpressure created in the circuit when a pinch valve is closed for a predetermined time. The injection method yields RSD values of peak height and area below 2.55 and 1.82%, respectively, at different durations of valve closure (n = 5). The capillary and working electrode alignment was achieved by adapting a commercial available capillary union. When the electrode was replaced, the alignment method proved to be very reliable, yielding RSD values of peak height and area lower than 2.64 and 2.08%, respectively (n = 8). Using this system with a gold microelectrode, dopamine, and epinephrine could be quantified within the concentration range of 1-500 μM and detected at a concentration of 0.3 μM. The methods here presented could be applied for the development of new capillary electrophoresis systems with amperometric detection and/or to the design of fully automated systems for online process monitoring purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Fernández Feito
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre (SERC), Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Mid-Glamorgan, UK
| | - Richard M Dinsdale
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre (SERC), Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Mid-Glamorgan, UK
| | - Alan J Guwy
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre (SERC), Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Mid-Glamorgan, UK
| | - Giuliano C Premier
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre (SERC), Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Mid-Glamorgan, UK
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3
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Corrêa de Carvalho R, Rocha dos Santos Mathias T, Duarte Pereira Netto A, Ferreira de Carvalho Marques F. Direct determination of amino acids in brewery worts produced by different processes by capillary zone electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1613-1620. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Corrêa de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense; Niterói RJ Brazil
- Laboratório de Química Analítica Fundamental e Aplicada, Departamento de Química Analítica; Niterói RJ Brazil
| | - Thiago Rocha dos Santos Mathias
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratórios de Tecnologia das Fermentações e Físico-química de Alimentos, Rio de Janeiro; Instituto Federal de Educação; RJ Brazil
| | - Annibal Duarte Pereira Netto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense; Niterói RJ Brazil
- Laboratório de Química Analítica Fundamental e Aplicada, Departamento de Química Analítica; Niterói RJ Brazil
| | - Flávia Ferreira de Carvalho Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense; Niterói RJ Brazil
- Laboratório de Química Analítica Fundamental e Aplicada, Departamento de Química Analítica; Niterói RJ Brazil
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Sierra T, Crevillen AG, Escarpa A. Derivatization agents for electrochemical detection in amino acid, peptide and protein separations: The hidden electrochemistry? Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2695-2703. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Sierra
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcala; Alcala de Henares Madrid Spain
| | - Agustin G. Crevillen
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences; Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcala; Alcala de Henares Madrid Spain
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Xie X, Chang F, Li X, Li M, Zhu Z. Investigation and application of photochemically induced direct UV detection of low or non-UV absorbing compounds by capillary electrophoresis. Talanta 2016; 162:362-367. [PMID: 27837841 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Some low or non-UV absorbing compounds like amino acids might be accessible to direct UV detection by capillary electrophoresis (CE), due to the photochemical reaction in the detection window of the separation capillary under extremely strong alkaline conditions. However, with regards to the photochemical reaction procedure and the influencing factors in CE, no comprehensive studies have been done. Herein, two strategies were applied to investigate the photochemical reaction mechanism including the introduction of an additional UV lamp and the utilization of driving pressure. The former confirmed the occurrence of photolysis, while the latter solved the interference of electroosmotic flow (EOF). Furthermore, the online photochemical reaction and online preconcentration technique were combined to develop a rapid, simple and sensitive method for determination of seven essential amino acids (valine, leucine, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan, threonine and lysine). Eventually, the developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of real samples with good reproducibility and reliability. This novel and simple method, based on the photochemical reactions occurring in the detection window and coupling with online preconcentration techniques, shows a great potential for the rapid and sensitive detection of low or non-UV absorbing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Fengxia Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Meixian Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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6
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Denoroy L, Parrot S. Analysis of Amino Acids and Related Compounds by Capillary Electrophoresis. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2016.1212378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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7
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Wang LH, Huang WS. Electrochemical oxidation of cysteine at a film gold modified carbon fiber microelectrode its application in a flow-through voltammetric sensor. SENSORS 2012; 12:3562-77. [PMID: 22737024 PMCID: PMC3376634 DOI: 10.3390/s120303562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A flow-electrolytical cell containing a strand of micro Au modified carbon fiber electrodes (CFE) has been designedand characterized for use in a voltammatric detector for detecting cysteine using high-performance liquid chromatography. Cysteine is more efficiently electrochemical oxidized on a Au /CFE than a bare gold and carbon fiber electrode. The possible reaction mechanism of the oxidation process is described from the relations to scan rate, peak potentials and currents. For the pulse mode, and measurements with suitable experimental parameters, a linear concentration from 0.5 to 5.0 mg·L−1 was found. The limit of quantification for cysteine was below 60 ng·mL−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
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8
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Sreedharan A, Penaloza-Vazquez A, Escober MC, Bender CL, Rayas-Duarte P. Simple and rapid capillary zone electrophoresis method for the detection of coronamic acid, a precursor to the Pseudomonas syringae phytotoxin coronatine. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:10518-10523. [PMID: 19886659 DOI: 10.1021/jf9024008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The phytotoxin coronatine (COR) is produced by various pathovars of the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, which infects a wide variety of crops. COR consists of two distinct moieties, coronafacic acid (CFA) and coronamic acid (CMA), which are derived from a modified polyketide pathway and isoleucine, respectively. Mutants defective in the CMA or CFA structural gene clusters have been used to study COR biosynthesis, and these mutants are commonly characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Although the same extraction and HPLC method can be used for detection and quantification of COR and CFA, the detection of CMA by HPLC requires different fractionation and HPLC separation procedures, which are tedious and labor intensive. In this study, we used capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) as a fast and accurate detection method for the quantification of CMA present in the culture supernatant of P. syringae pv. glycinea (Psg) PG4180 and P. syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000. Analysis was performed by CZE using 100 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5) as a separating buffer, an applied voltage of 12 kV, and UV detection at 214 nm. Selected mutants defective in COR biosynthesis were used to validate CZE as a detection method. CMA production by Psg strain 18a/90, which lacks the COR gene cluster, and derivatives of 18a/90 was also evaluated. Furthermore, a procedure for the extraction and detection of CMA present inside the cells of Psg 18a/90 was developed. In conclusion, CZE was shown to be a rapid and sensitive method for the detection and quantification of CMA in P. syringae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathy Sreedharan
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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9
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Highly resolved separation and sensitive amperometric detection of amino acids with an assembled microfluidic device. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1490-6. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Domínguez-Vega E, Martínez-Girón AB, García-Ruiz C, Crego AL, Marina ML. Fast derivatization of the non-protein amino acid ornithine with FITC using an ultrasound probe prior to enantiomeric determination in food supplements by EKC. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1037-45. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Vilaseca C, Quintana M, Hernández P, Vicente J, Hernández L. Analysis of PTH-Cysteine by Adsorptive Stripping Square-Wave Voltammetry. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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MARTINEZGIRON A, DOMINGUEZVEGA E, GARCIARUIZ C, CREGO A, MARINA M. Enantiomeric separation of ornithine in complex mixtures of amino acids by EKC with off-line derivatization with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate☆. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 875:254-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2008] [Revised: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Vilaseca C, Quintana M, Vicente J, Hernández P, Hernández L. Electrochemical analysis of the alanine phenylthiohydantoin derivative by cathodic stripping voltammetry. Anal Biochem 2008; 379:91-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Revised: 04/28/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Piyankarage SC, Augustin H, Grosjean Y, Featherstone DE, Shippy SA. Hemolymph amino acid analysis of individual Drosophila larvae. Anal Chem 2008; 80:1201-7. [PMID: 18193891 DOI: 10.1021/ac701785z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One of the most widely used transgenic animal models in biology is Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly. Chemical information from this exceedingly small organism is usually accomplished by studying populations to attain sample volumes suitable for standard analysis methods. This paper describes a direct sampling technique capable of obtaining 50-300 nL of hemolymph from individual Drosophila larvae. Hemolymph sampling performed under mineral oil and in air at 30 s intervals up to 120 s after piercing larvae revealed that the effect of evaporation on amino acid concentrations is insignificant when the sample was collected within 60 s. Qualitative and quantitative amino acid analyses of obtained hemolymph were carried out in two optimized buffer conditions by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection after derivatizing with fluorescamine. Thirteen amino acids were identified from individual hemolymph samples of both wild-type (WT) control and the genderblind (gb) mutant larvae. The levels of glutamine, glutamate, and taurine in the gb hemolymph were significantly lower at 35%, 38%, and 57% of WT levels, respectively. The developed technique that samples only the hemolymph fluid is efficient and enables accurate organism-level chemical information while minimizing errors associated with possible sample contaminations, estimations, and effects of evaporation compared to the traditional hemolymph-sampling techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeewa C Piyankarage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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Chen R, Cheng H, Wu W, Ai X, Huang W, Wang Z, Cheng J. Analysis of inorganic and small organic ions by CE with amperometric detection. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:3347-61. [PMID: 17847134 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis has become a widely useful analytical technology. Amperometric detection is extensively employed in capillary electrophoresis for its many inherent virtues, such as rapid response, remarkable sensitivity, and low cost of both detectors and instrumentations. Analysis of inorganic and small organic ions by capillary electrophoresis is an important research field. This review focuses on the recent developments of capillary electrophoresis coupled with amperometric detection for analysis of inorganic and small organic ions. Advancements in electrophoresis separation modes, amperometric detection modes, working electrodes, and applications of inorganic ions, amino acids, phenols, and amines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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16
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Zhang LY, Sun MX. Capillary electrophoresis of phosphorylated amino acids with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 859:30-6. [PMID: 17923447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Revised: 08/25/2007] [Accepted: 09/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive capillary electrophoresis (CE) method coupled with fluorescence detection was developed for identification of protein phosphorylation by determination of phosphoamino acids. Naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA), a fluorescence derivatization reagent, was used to label protein hydrolysate. The optimal derivatization reaction was performed with 3.5mM NDA, 40 mM NaCN and 20mM borate buffer (pH 10.0) for 15 min. The baseline separation of three phosphorylated amino acids could be obtained in less than 180 s with good repeatability by using 30 mM borate (pH 9.2) containing 2.0mM beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) as the running buffer. The detection limits for phosphothreonine, phosphotyrosine and phosphoserine were 7.0 x 10(-9)M, 5.6 x 10(-9)M and 7.2 x 10(-9)M, respectively (S/N=3). Also, the interference from other protein amino acids with large molar excess over that of phosphoamino acids was studied. With beta-casein as the analysis protein, this method was successfully validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of MOE for Plant Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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17
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Ding Y, Ayon A, García CD. Electrochemical detection of phenolic compounds using cylindrical carbon-ink electrodes and microchip capillary electrophoresis. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 584:244-51. [PMID: 17386611 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2006] [Revised: 11/22/2006] [Accepted: 11/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple method to fabricate cylindrical carbon electrodes for use in capillary electrophoresis (CE) microchips is described. The electrodes were fabricated using a metallic wire coated with carbon ink. Several experimental variables were studied in order to establish the best conditions to fabricate the electrode. Finally, the electrodes were integrated in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) microchip and used for the analysis of phenolic compounds. Using the optimum conditions, the analysis of a mixture of dopamine, epinephrine, catechol, and 4-aminophenol was achieved in less than 240 s, showing good linear responses (R(2)=0.999) in the 0.1-190 microM range, and limits of detection (without the use of stacking or a decoupler) of 140 and 105 nM for dopamine and epinephrine, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
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Rammouz G, Lacroix M, Garrigues JC, Poinsot V, Couderc F. The use of naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde for the analysis of primary amines using high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Biomed Chromatogr 2007; 21:1223-39. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Arribas AS, Bermejo E, Chicharro M, Zapardiel A, Luque GL, Ferreyra NF, Rivas GA. Analytical applications of a carbon nanotubes composite modified with copper microparticles as detector in flow systems. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 577:183-9. [PMID: 17723670 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2006] [Revised: 06/20/2006] [Accepted: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work we report on the successful use of a composite prepared by dispersion of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (1-5 microm length, 20-50 nm diameter) and copper microparticles within mineral oil as detector for amino acids quantification in flow injection analysis and capillary electrophoresis. The resulting electrode displays a highly sensitive amperometric detection of amino acids, based on the copper dissolution facilitated by the strong activity of amino acids as ligands of Cu(II). The sensor makes possible the detection of amino acids, electroactive or not, at very low potentials (0.000 V) and physiological pH. A correlation between the sensitivity for the amino acids and the amount of copper within the composite is observed, demonstrating the importance of the metal in the sensor response. The best analytical performance is obtained for the electrode containing 12.0% (w/w) copper. The excellent results obtained with the carbon nanotube paste electrodes containing copper (CNTPE-Cu) as detector in flow systems makes them an interesting alternative for further analytical applications involving different bioanalytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Sánchez Arribas
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Cao LW, Hong W, Zhang HS. Determination of Phosphoamino Acids by 6-Oxy-(N-succinimidyl acetate)-9-(2′-methoxycarbonyl)fluorescein and MEKC with LIF Detection. Chromatographia 2006. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-006-0816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Derivatization of Hydrophobic Amino Acids in Nonaqueous Media and Separation by Nonaqueous Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection. Mikrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-006-0566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Harrison SM, Kaml I, Prokoratova V, Mazanek M, Kenndler E. Animal glues in mixtures of natural binding media used in artistic and historic objects: identification by capillary zone electrophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 382:1520-6. [PMID: 15997380 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-3319-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2005] [Revised: 05/12/2005] [Accepted: 05/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Animal glues were often used in historic and artistic objects, e.g. as paint ground, as binders for pigments, or as adhesives. The sources were egg, casein, or different collagens. For restoration and conservation purposes it is important to know which kind of animal glue a museum object contains. Capillary electrophoresis can deliver such information, because it enables differentiation among the three proteinaceous glue classes according to their different amino acid patterns after hydrolysis. This work deals with the most relevant problem in practice, whether this identification is obstructed by the presence of other binders, with which they are mixed in many real samples; in particular, interference from plant gums and drying oils was investigated. Capillary electrophoresis of the hydrolysates (after reaction with 6 mol L(-1) HCl) was performed with an acidic background electrolyte consisting of chloroacetic acid (51.9 mmol L(-1)) adjusted with LiOH to pH 2.26. The underivatised analytes were detected with a contactless conductivity detector. It was found that the constituents of the plant gums (monosaccharides) or drying oils (long-chain fatty acids and short-chain dicarboxylic acids) never interfered with identification of the animal glues, as shown for artificial mixtures of the different binders even at tenfold excess over the animal glue, and for egg tempera samples. The method was used to identify the filling material from a statue from the eighteenth century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine M Harrison
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Cortacero-Ramírez S, Segura-Carretero A, Cruces-Blanco C, Romero-Romero ML, Fernández-Gutiérrez A. Simultaneous determination of multiple constituents in real beer samples of different origins by capillary zone electrophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 380:831-7. [PMID: 15490130 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-004-2806-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous determination of alcohols, amines, amino acids, flavonoids, and purine and pyrimidine bases in bottled beer samples directly without any pre-treatment was carried out by capillary zone electrophoresis with diode-array detection. Electrolyte conditions such as pH, composition and concentration of the buffer, working voltage and type and time of injection were checked. The best separation of the cited analytes was achieved in 70 mM sodium borate solution and pH 10.25. The detection limits were from 2.1 to 5.6 mg L(-1) for the 18 compounds studied. The developed method is rapid, sensitive and quantitative and has been applied to seven types of international bottled beers of different origins bought locally.
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24
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Cao L, Wang H, Zhang H. Analytical potential of 6-oxy-(N-succinimidyl acetate)-9-(2'-methoxycarbonyl) fluorescein for the determination of amino compounds by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:1954-62. [PMID: 15818574 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200410227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The analytical potential of a fluorescein analogue, 6-oxy-(N-succinimidyl acetate)-9-(2'-methoxycarbonyl) fluorescein (SAMF), for the first time synthesized in our laboratory, as a labeling reagent for the labeling and determination of amino compounds by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection was investigated. Biogenic monoamines and amino acids were chosen as model analytes to evaluate the analytical possibilities of this approach. The derivatization conditions and separation parameters for the biogenic amines were optimized in detail. The derivatization was performed at 30 degrees C for 6 min in boric acid buffer (pH 8.0). The derivatives were baseline-separated in 15 min with 25 mM boric acid running buffer (pH 9.0), containing 24 mM SDS and 12.5% v/v acetonitrile. The concentration detection limit for biogenic amines reaches 8 x 10(-11) mol.L(-1) (signal-to-noise ratio = 3). The application of CE in the analysis of the SAMF-derivatized amino acids was also exploited. The optimal running buffer for amino acids suggested that weak acidic background electrolyte offered better separation than the basic one. The proposed method was applied to the determination of biogenic amines in three different beer samples with satisfying recoveries varying from 92.8% to 104.8%. Finally, comparison of several fluorescein-based probes for amino compounds was discussed. With good labeling reaction, excellent photostability, pH-independent fluorescence (pH 4-9), and the resultant widely suited running buffer pH, SAMF has a great prospect in the determination of amino compounds in CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Zhang LY, Sun MX. Determination of histamine and histidine by capillary zone electrophoresis with pre-column naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde derivatization and fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1040:133-40. [PMID: 15248433 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive method was developed for the simultaneous determination of histamine and histidine by capillary zone electrophoresis with lamp-induced fluorescence detection. A fluoregenic derivatization reagent, naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA) was successfully applied to label the histamine and histidine respectively. The derivatization conditions and separation parameters including pH and concentration of electrolyte and sample injection were optimized in detail. The optimal derivatization reaction was performed with 1.0 mM NDA, 20 mM NaCN, and 20 mM borate buffer, pH 9.1 for 15 min. The separation of NDA-tagged histamine and histidine could be achieved in less than 200 s with 40 mM phosphate buffer (pH 5.8) as the running buffer. The detection limits for histamine and histidine were 5.5 x 10(-9) and 3.8 x 10(-9) M, respectively (S/N = 3). The relative standard derivations for migration time and peak height of derivatives were less than 1.5 and 5.0%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of histamine and histidine in the P815 mastocytoma cells and the beer samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of MOE for Plant Development Biology, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Zhang LY, Liu YM, Wang ZL, Cheng JK. Capillary zone electrophoresis with pre-column NDA derivatization and amperometric detection for the analysis of four aliphatic diamines. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2003.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
The focus of this article is amperometric and voltammetric detection coupled with capillary electrophoresis. Fundamental concepts and progress in the field of capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection (CEEC) that have occurred within the past three years, including new methodologies and unique applications, are highlighted. This review contains 95 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Holland
- Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6045, USA.
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