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Wang F, Zhu D, He Y, Yuan M, Li Y, Xie F, Wen X, Tong Y, Zhang X, Su P, Wang G. Longitudinal and Reciprocal Effects in the Association Between School Bullying and Homicidal Ideation During Early Adolescence. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1971-1986. [PMID: 38750309 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Several cross-sectional studies indicated a positive association between school bullying and homicidal ideation during early adolescence. However, few longitudinal studies investigated this association. This study examined whether a bi-directional relationship exists within the longitudinal association between bullying victimization or bullying perpetration and homicidal ideation among early adolescents using a Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model. A total of 1611 early adolescents (39.5% girls; Mage = 12.50 years, SD = 0.50) were recruited from the Chinese Early Adolescents Cohort study. Data on bullying victimization, bullying perpetration, and homicidal ideation collected during three time points (September 2019, September 2020, and September 2021) were used. Bullying victimization showed a significant positive association with homicidal ideation at the between-person level. Bullying victimization and bullying perpetration had a bi-directional relationship with homicidal ideation at the within-person level. Additionally, this study considered the impact of biological sex-based differences and bullying types on adolescents' homicidal ideation. Based on these findings, school bullying might exhibit unique reciprocal associations with homicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dongxue Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuheng He
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyuan Yuan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yonghan Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Faliang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xue Wen
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yingying Tong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Gengfu Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Tong D, Shi Y, Gu X, Lu P. Bullying Victimization and Malevolent Creativity in Rural Adolescents: The Longitudinal Mediational Role of Hostile Attribution. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2024; 27:420-425. [PMID: 38511278 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Extensive research has documented bully victimization as a pivotal risk factor contributing to aggressive behaviors among adolescents. Particularly, the negative outcome of increased aggressive behaviors may be exacerbated when the aggressive actions are novel and difficult to detect. The present study aims to explore the complex relationships between cyberbullying and school bullying victimization and malevolent creativity and the potential mediating role of hostile attribution using two-wave longitudinal data. The present study analyzed data from 262 rural adolescents. The results revealed that cyberbullying victimization significantly predicted malevolent creativity, whereas school bullying victimization did not. Hostile attribution served as a mediator in the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and malevolent creativity in the longitudinal models. These findings provide significant implications for mitigating the negative influence of bullying victimization on the emergence of malevolent creativity in rural adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Tong
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, People's Republic China
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Shi
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, People's Republic China
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Gu
- Center for Educational Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Lu
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, People's Republic China
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Menabò L, Caravita SC, Skrzypiec G, Slee P, Guarini A. Effects of victimization and perpetration in observing bullying scenes: an eye-tracker study{es}: Efectos de la victimización y la perpetración en la observación de escenas de acoso: un estudio con eye-tracker. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2024; 24:100451. [PMID: 38439799 PMCID: PMC10909785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous research showed that bullying experiences are associated with different ways of interpreting and behaving in bullying dynamics. However, it remains uncertain whether these distinctions can already be present during the first step of information processing: the allocation of attention. Aims The study explored attentional patterns of Italian students with different bullying experiences in daily life while observing different roles represented through bullying vignettes. Methods Participants (72 students, Mage= 11.18) were categorized as victims, bully-victims, or not involved based on their scores on a self-report questionnaire. They observed 9 bullying vignettes on which different portraits were presented (bully, victim, pro-bully, defender, bystander) while the eye-tracker registered attentional indexes (fixation, visit and duration). Results Kruskal- Wallis and pairwise comparisons revealed a significant effect for the portraits of the bully and the pro-bully as bully-victims exhibited greater fixations and visits than victims, while students not involved showed no significant differences with the other groups. Conclusion Our research reveals that bully-victims focused more on threatening cues while victims diverged their gaze from them, confirming that the experience of bullying influences how they explore aggressive situations. Learning how involved students direct their attention helps us understand different responses, leading to powerful interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Menabò
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona C.S. Caravita
- Faculty of Arts and Education Norwegian Centre for Learning Environment and Behavioral Research in Education, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholms gate 41, 4021 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Grace Skrzypiec
- Department of Education, Flinders University, 182 Victoria Square, 5000 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Phillip Slee
- Department of Education, Flinders University, 182 Victoria Square, 5000 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Annalisa Guarini
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy
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Zhang Y, Jia X. When fate hands you lemons: A moderated moderation model of bullying victimization and psychological distress among Chinese adolescents during floods and the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1010408. [PMID: 36935965 PMCID: PMC10020194 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1010408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bullying is a major problem worldwide and has numerous detrimental effects on the mental health of victims. The link between bullying and psychological distress in adolescents is well known. However, few studies have analyzed the impact of combined interpersonal, peer, and cultural factors on psychological distress using a social-ecological system framework in Eastern countries. Negotiable fate is a cultural belief common in Eastern societies that suggests that people can negotiate with fate for more control by exercising personal agency within the limits of what fate has determined. This study examined the moderating effects of neuroticism and negotiable fate on the relationship between bullying victimization and psychological distress among Chinese adolescents. Moreover, human society commonly suffers from multiple disasters that lead to severe mental health problems. There are few empirical studies on the effects of bullying among adolescents in multiple disaster contexts. This study included participants who experienced floods and COVID-19 simultaneously in 2021. Materials and methods We conducted a cross-sectional cluster sampling study from August 6 to 9, 2021, approximately 2 weeks after the start of the Zhengzhou City flooding and 7 days after the new wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Zhengzhou City. The study included 1,207 participants (52.4% men, n = 633; M age = 14.36, SD = 0.94) from a middle school in Zhengzhou City, China. Results The results revealed that bullying was positively linked to psychological distress (β = 0.5.34, p < 0.001, [0.73, 9.95]). Neuroticism and negotiable fate significantly moderated the relationship between the effects of bullying and psychological distress (β = -3.58, p < 0.05, 95% CI [-6.12, -1.04]). Specifically, high neuroticism increased the risk of psychological distress in adolescents bullied before a disaster. High or low neuroticism and high negotiable fate buffered the link between bullying and psychological distress. Conclusion This study showed that neuroticism and negotiable fate moderated the relationship between bullying victimization and psychological distress in Chinese students with COVID-19 and flood disasters. High negotiable fate and high or low neuroticism could help adolescents bullied in school to be immune from psychological distress in catastrophe. The results highlight the importance of considering the interplay between bullying, neuroticism, and a sense of controllable destiny when examining adolescents' psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchi Zhang
- Department of Educational Technology, School of Smart Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jia
- College of Teacher Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Wiertsema M, Vrijen C, van der Ploeg R, Sentse M, Kretschmer T. Bullying perpetration and social status in the peer group: A meta-analysis. J Adolesc 2023; 95:34-55. [PMID: 36281722 PMCID: PMC10092515 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Associations between bullying perpetration and social status vary, not only between different facets of social status but also between bullying in primary versus secondary school. The main aim of the present study was to meta-analyse existing evidence regarding the prospective associations between bullying perpetration and various facets of social status, that is, popularity, peer acceptance, peer rejection, and social preference. METHODS Electronic databases were searched to identify studies on bullying perpetration and later social status published up to January 17, 2022. Multilevel random effects models were performed using Metafor and differences in effect sizes as a function of substantive and methodological moderators were tested. RESULTS In total, 116 effects were included from 18 publications, reporting on 17 different samples and more than 15,000 participants (mean age bullying assessment = 11.57 years, on average 51% female participants). Most samples were from the United States (7) or Europe (7). Overall, bullies were more popular, but also more rejected and scored lower on social preference compared with non-bullies. These associations remained when effects were adjusted for previous social status and other confounders. No link between bullying perpetration and acceptance was found. There was little evidence that effect sizes differed as a function of moderators. CONCLUSIONS Bullies become more popular over time, but also have a higher risk of being rejected and being less socially preferred. Bullying perpetrators are more popular but also more rejected by their peers. There is no evidence that these links differ depending on sex or age at which perpetrators bully, reporter or type of bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wiertsema
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Charlotte Vrijen
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | | | - Miranda Sentse
- Institute of Criminal Law and CriminologyLeiden UniversityLeidenNetherlands
| | - Tina Kretschmer
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
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Guo D, Li C. Peer status buffers the detrimental Effects of peer victimization on School Burnout among chinese adolescents via negative cognition. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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7
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Brigham EF, Troop‐Gordon W. Predicting the development of dependency on the teacher in late childhood: The role of peer victimization and peer beliefs. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Malamut ST, Dawes M, Lansu TAM, van den Berg Y, Cillessen AHN. Differences in Aggression and Alcohol Use among Youth with Varying Levels of Victimization and Popularity Status. J Youth Adolesc 2022; 51:1914-1925. [PMID: 35776230 PMCID: PMC9363477 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01649-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Awareness that high-status adolescents can be targets of aggression has grown in recent years. However, questions remain about the associations of the confluence of victimization and popularity with adjustment. The current study fills this gap by examining the joint and unique effects of victimization and popularity on aggression and alcohol use. Participants were 804 Dutch adolescents (50.2% boys, Mage = 13.65) who were followed for one year. High-status victims were more aggressive and drank more alcohol than lower-status victims. High-status victims were also more proactively and indirectly aggressive and self-reported more bullying than high-status non-victims. Thus, the findings demonstrated a conjoined risk of victimization and popularity for some types of aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T Malamut
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands. .,INVEST Research Flagship Center/Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Molly Dawes
- College of Education, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Tessa A M Lansu
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Freitas DFD, Mendonça M, Wolke D, Marturano EM, Fontaine AM, Coimbra S. Resilience in the face of peer victimization and perceived discrimination: The role of individual and familial factors. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 125:105492. [PMID: 35065475 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peer victimization and discrimination are two related forms of social victimization. However, the majority of studies only focus on one form or the other. This study investigates resilience in victims of both these forms of violence. OBJECTIVE To identify individual and family level factors that foster, or hinder, resilience in the face of both peer victimization and perceived discrimination. PARTICIPANTS In a sample of 2975 high-school students, 22% (n = 644) met the criteria for substantial social victimization. The sample's mean age was 16.5 years, 57% were girls, 19% were in vocational courses, 12% were from an ethnic minority background, and 5% were lesbian, gay, or bisexual. METHOD A measure of resilience was created by regressing the mean levels of current mental health, self-esteem, and life satisfaction on the frequency of lifetime peer victimization and past year perceived discrimination. Regression analyses were conducted to identify correlates of resilience considering protective and vulnerability factors, including sociodemographic information, anxious personality, empathy, coping strategies, familial optimism, and the relationship with their mother and father. RESULTS Resilience was associated with low anxious personality, four coping strategies (active, use of humor, low self-blame, low substance use), and satisfaction with the relationship with the mother. CONCLUSIONS Resilience is related to both behavioral and meaning-making coping strategies, personality traits, and satisfaction in relationships. This study's findings can be used to tailor interventions to foster resilience in adolescents exposed to social victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fonseca de Freitas
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London & Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Center for Psychology at the University of Porto, University of Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marina Mendonça
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, United Kingdom & Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine, University of Warwick, United Kingdom.
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine, University of Warwick, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | - Susana Coimbra
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Porto, Portugal.
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Prikhodko A, Suvorova I. School Bullying: the Internal Issue and Means for Management. СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНАЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЯ 2022. [DOI: 10.17759/jmfp.2022110412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
<p>This article provides an overview of national and foreign works on the problem of bullying, which is described as a complex phenomenon. It is a result of systemic pressure and growing intra-group tension on the one hand, and as an effect of victimization and use of violence — on the other. The complex structure of bullying makes high demands on anti-bullying programs. It should deal with systemic group features and students' personal characteristics. The text provides the analysis of short-term anti-bullying programs. An anti-bullying program plan is proposed, based on the KiVa program, taking into account the specifics of the education system in Russia.</p>
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I.Y. Suvorova
- Moscow Psychological and Social University (OANO VO MPSU)
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11
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Subtypes of Aggressive Behavior in Children with Autism in the Context of Emotion Recognition, Hostile Attribution Bias, and Dysfunctional Emotion Regulation. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:5367-5382. [PMID: 34931277 PMCID: PMC9637050 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05387-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The causes of aggressive behavior in children with autism are poorly understood, which limits treatment options. Therefore, this study used behavioral testing and parent reports of 60 children with autism to investigate the interplay of emotion misinterpretation and hostile attribution bias in the prediction of different aggressive behaviors. Further, the additional impact of dysfunctional emotion regulation was examined. Path analyses indicated that hostile attribution bias increased verbal and covert aggression but not physical aggression and bullying. Dysfunctional emotion regulation had an additional impact on bullying, verbal aggression, and covert aggression. Emotion recognition was positively associated with hostile attribution bias. These findings provide a first insight into a complex interplay of socio-emotional variables; longitudinal studies are needed to examine causal relationships.
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Hoprekstad ØL, Hetland J, Einarsen SV. Exposure to negative acts at work and self-labelling as a victim of workplace bullying: The role of prior victimization from bullying. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe present study examines employees’ prior victimization from bullying in school or at work as a predictor of 1) their current exposure to negative social acts at work and 2) the likelihood of labelling as a victim of workplace bullying, and 3) whether the link between exposure to negative acts at work and the perception of being bullied is stronger among those who have been bullied in the past. We tested our hypotheses using a probability sample of the Norwegian working population in a prospective design with a 5-year time lag (N = 1228). As hypothesized, prior victimization positively predicted subsequent exposure to negative acts, which in turn was related to a higher likelihood of developing a perception of being a victim of workplace bullying. However, contrary to our expectations, prior victimization from bullying did not affect the relationship between current exposure to negative acts at work and the likelihood of self-labelling as a victim. Taken together, the results suggest that employees’ prior victimization is a risk factor for future victimization, yet overall plays a rather modest role in understanding current exposure to negative acts and self-labelled victimization from bullying at work.
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Franzen M, de Jong PJ, Veling W, aan het Rot M. Victims of Bullying: Emotion Recognition and Understanding. Front Psychol 2021; 12:729835. [PMID: 34721191 PMCID: PMC8551375 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.729835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Victims of bullying often show interpersonal problems, such as having less high-quality interpersonal relationships compared to non-involved individuals. Research suggests that interpersonal struggles are associated with diminished emotional intelligence and competence and can lead to mental health problems such as depression. Therefore, we examined emotion recognition abilities, empathic accuracy, and behavioral responses to emotions in bullying victims and non-involved individuals. Based on previous research, we expected victims to show diminished skills in all three domains. Methods: Adolescents (Mage=17years; 67% female; no "other" gender participants) with (N=24) and without (N=21) a self-reported history of bullying victimization in high school completed a Virtual Reality facial emotion recognition task (ERT-VR), an empathic accuracy task (EAT) using videos of people recounting real-life autobiographical events, and a computer task in which they indicated their likely behavioral responses to facial emotions. Results: The two groups only significantly differed in recognizing emotions when taking their depression symptoms into account. Across emotions, victims had lower recognition accuracy than non-involved individuals. When examining emotion-specific differences, victims showed lower accuracy for neutral faces which they mainly mistook for angry faces. Conclusion: In contrast to expectations, adolescents with a high-school history of bullying victimization mostly showed similar emotional intelligence and competence skills as non-involved individuals. Nonetheless, we found some subtle differences regarding emotion recognition. Victims misjudged neutral as angry faces. This suggests a hostile attribution bias which might help explain victims' interpersonal problems as well as their increased risk for mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minita Franzen
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter J. de Jong
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wim Veling
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marije aan het Rot
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Sibling Bullying: A Prospective Longitudinal Study of Associations with Positive and Negative Mental Health during Adolescence. J Youth Adolesc 2021; 51:940-955. [PMID: 34590196 PMCID: PMC8993709 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-021-01495-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Sibling bullying is associated with poor mental health outcomes, but the relevance of specific bullying roles remains unclear. Data from a population-based study (n = 17,157, 48% female) focusing on early (11 years), middle (14 years), and late (17 years) adolescence were analyzed. Associations between sibling bullying roles in early adolescence and positive and negative mental health outcomes in late adolescence were investigated. Generally, bullying, irrespective of role, was associated with poorer mental health outcomes in late adolescence. As the frequency of bullying victimization increased between early and middle adolescence so did the severity of mental health outcomes in late adolescence. The developmental trajectories of externalizing problems were influenced by bullying in early adolescence. Sibling bullying, irrespective of role, is associated with poor mental health outcomes.
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Košir K, Zorjan S, Mikl A, Horvat M. Social goals and bullying: Examining the moderating role of self‐perceived popularity, social status insecurity and classroom variability in popularity. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Košir
- Department of Psychology Faculty of Arts University of Maribor Maribor Slovenia
| | - Saša Zorjan
- Department of Psychology Faculty of Arts University of Maribor Maribor Slovenia
| | - Anja Mikl
- Department of Psychology Faculty of Arts University of Maribor Maribor Slovenia
| | - Marina Horvat
- Department of Psychology Faculty of Arts University of Maribor Maribor Slovenia
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Mazzone A, Yanagida T, Camodeca M, Strohmeier D. Information processing of social exclusion: Links with bullying, moral disengagement and guilt. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2021.101292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Liu Y, Mendonça M, Johnson S, O'Reilly H, Bartmann P, Marlow N, Wolke D. Testing the neurodevelopmental, trauma and developmental risk factor models of psychosis using a naturalistic experiment. Psychol Med 2021; 51:460-469. [PMID: 31813397 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719003349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neurodevelopmental and trauma theories are two widely cited models of psychosis. A third - the developmental risk factor model (DRFM) - recognises the combined role of neurodevelopmental risks and trauma. Our objective was to test these theories using preterm populations as a natural experiment, given the high prevalence of neurodevelopmental deficits and exposure to trauma. METHODS Two population-based preterm birth cohorts, the Bavarian Longitudinal Study (BLS; N = 399) and EPICure Study (N = 184), were included with term-born controls. Peer victimisation in childhood was assessed by parent and child report and psychotic experiences (PE) were assessed in early adulthood. Different models of psychosis were tested using regression and mediation analyses. RESULTS There was support for the trauma and DRFM in the BLS. Peer victimisation increased the risk of PE for preterm and term-born participants equally [odds ratio = 4.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.96-12.08]. There was an indirect effect where preterm children were more likely to be victimised, which subsequently increased risk of PE [β = 1.12 (s.e. = 0.61), 95% CI 0.11-2.48]. The results were replicated in EPICure. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to trauma which is experienced more often by neurodevelopmental risk children rather than neurodevelopmental risk per se increases the risk of PE. The findings are consistent with the trauma model and DRFM. Interventions focused on reducing trauma may reduce the development of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Marina Mendonça
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Samantha Johnson
- Department of Health Sciences, Centre for Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Helen O'Reilly
- Department of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Bartmann
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Neil Marlow
- University College London Institute of Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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19
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LIU X, PAN B, CHEN L, LI T, JI L, ZHANG W. Healthy context paradox in the association between bullying victimization and externalizing problems: The mediating role of hostile attribution bias. ACTA PSYCHOLOGICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1041.2021.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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O'Hara MA. Peer Victimization of Maltreated Youth: Distinct Risk for Physically Abused Versus Neglected Children. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2020; 90:457-464. [PMID: 32212155 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although child abuse is associated with peer victimization in adolescence, few studies have assessed if maltreated children experiencing only neglect are at increased risk as well. The purpose of this study is to assess the risk of peer victimization for maltreated youth who have been physically abused versus neglected to guide targeted bully prevention efforts in schools. METHODS Utilizing LONGSCAN archived data collected between 1991 and 2012, children physically abused or neglected in the first 12 years of life were assessed for physically aggressive peer victimization at age 16, compared to nonmaltreated children, with a total sample size of 650 participants. Logistic regression analysis assessed odds of peer victimization based on maltreatment profile. RESULTS Children physically abused were twice as likely to experience physically aggressive peer victimization, compared to the nonmaltreated group. Children experiencing only neglect were not at greater odds of being physically victimized by peers. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates physically abused children's risk of problems with aggressive peer victimization, in contrast to children neglected who are not at increased risk. These results contribute to our understanding of risk of peer victimization, and can inform targeted bully prevention efforts in schools for the child with a history of maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy A O'Hara
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
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21
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Idsoe T, Vaillancourt T, Dyregrov A, Hagen KA, Ogden T, Nærde A. Bullying Victimization and Trauma. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:480353. [PMID: 33519533 PMCID: PMC7841334 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.480353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullying victimization and trauma research traditions operate quite separately. Hence, it is unclear from the literature whether bullying victimization should be considered as a form of interpersonal trauma. We review studies that connect bullying victimization with symptoms of PTSD, and in doing so, demonstrate that a conceptual understanding of the consequences of childhood bullying needs to be framed within a developmental perspective. We discuss two potential diagnoses that ought to be considered in the context of bullying victimization: (1) developmental trauma disorder, which was suggested but not accepted as a new diagnosis in the DSM-5 and (2) complex post-traumatic stress disorder, which has been included in the ICD-11. Our conclusion is that these frameworks capture the complexity of the symptoms associated with bullying victimization better than PTSD. We encourage practitioners to understand how exposure to bullying interacts with development at different ages when addressing the consequences for targets and when designing interventions that account for the duration, intensity, and sequelae of this type of interpersonal trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thormod Idsoe
- Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Atle Dyregrov
- Center for Crisis Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Terje Ogden
- Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ane Nærde
- Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
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22
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Liu TL, Wang PW, Yang YHC, Shyi GCW, Yen CF. Association between Facial Emotion Recognition and Bullying Involvement among Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16245125. [PMID: 31847476 PMCID: PMC6950635 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by impaired social interaction, communication and restricted and repetitive behavior. Few studies have focused on the effect of facial emotion recognition on bullying involvement among individuals with ASD. The aim of this study was to examine the association between facial emotion recognition and different types of bullying involvement in adolescents with high-functioning ASD. We recruited 138 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years with high-functioning ASD. The adolescents’ experiences of bullying involvement were measured using the Chinese version of the School Bullying Experience Questionnaire. Their facial emotion recognition was measured using the Facial Emotion Recognition Task (which measures six emotional expressions and four degrees of emotional intensity). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between facial emotion recognition and different types of bullying involvement. After controlling for the effects of age, gender, depression, anxiety, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity and opposition, we observed that bullying perpetrators performed significantly better on rating the intensity of emotion in the Facial Emotion Recognition Task; bullying victims performed significantly worse on ranking the intensity of facial emotion. The results of this study support the different deficits of facial emotion recognition in various types of bullying involvement among adolescents with high-functioning ASD. The different directions of association between bully involvement and facial emotion recognition must be considered when developing prevention and intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Ling Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (P.-W.W.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Wei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (P.-W.W.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Connie Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Gary Chon-Wen Shyi
- Department of Psychology and Center for Research in Cognitive Sciences, National Chung-Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (G.C.-W.S.); (C.-F.Y.)
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (P.-W.W.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (G.C.-W.S.); (C.-F.Y.)
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23
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Guy A, Lee K, Wolke D. Comparisons Between Adolescent Bullies, Victims, and Bully-Victims on Perceived Popularity, Social Impact, and Social Preference. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:868. [PMID: 31824358 PMCID: PMC6883422 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of bullying role, i.e., bully, victim, and bully-victim, on three measures of peer status; perceived popularity, social preference, and social impact. In addition to completing peer nominations for these measures of peer status, adolescents (n = 2,721) aged 11 to 16 years from 5 secondary schools completed an online survey that assessed bullying involvement (self- and peer-reported), self-esteem, and behavioral difficulties. Compared to uninvolved adolescents, all bullying roles had a greater social impact. Bullies scored higher than all other roles for perceived popularity, whereas victims and bully-victims were the lowest in social preference. These significant group comparisons remained when controlling for demographic variables, behavioral difficulties, self-esteem and prosocial behavior. Overall, the perceived popularity found for bullies suggests that these adolescents are socially rewarded by peers for their victimization of others. These findings highlight the need to address the whole peer system in raising the social status of those who are victimized, whilst reducing the rewards received by bullies for their behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Guy
- Department of Psychology, Staffordshire University, Stoke-On-Trent, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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24
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Swartz JR, Carranza AF, Knodt AR. Amygdala activity to angry and fearful faces relates to bullying and victimization in adolescents. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2019; 14:1027-1035. [PMID: 31680148 PMCID: PMC6970148 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsz084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Relational bullying and victimization are common social experiences during adolescence, but relatively little functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research has examined the neural correlates of bullying and victimization in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to address this gap by examining the association between amygdala activity to angry and fearful faces and peer relational bullying and victimization in a community-based sample of adolescents. Participants included 49 adolescents, 12-15 years old, who underwent fMRI scanning while completing an emotional face matching task. Results indicated that interactions between amygdala activity to angry and fearful faces predicted self-reported relational bullying and victimization. Specifically, a combination of higher amygdala activity to angry faces and lower amygdala activity to fearful faces predicted more bullying behavior, whereas a combination of lower amygdala activity to angry faces and lower amygdala activity to fearful faces predicted less relational victimization. Exploratory whole-brain analyses also suggested that increased rostral anterior cingulate cortex activity to fearful faces was associated with less bullying. These results suggest that relational bullying and victimization are related to different patterns of neural activity to angry and fearful faces, which may help in understanding how patterns of social information processing predict these experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnna R Swartz
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Angelica F Carranza
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Annchen R Knodt
- Laboratory of NeuroGenetics, Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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25
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Influence of Hostile Attribution Bias on Cyberbullying Perpetration in Middle School Students and the Multiple Additive Moderating Effect of Justice Sensitivity. ADONGHAKOEJI 2019. [DOI: 10.5723/kjcs.2019.40.4.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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26
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Canestrari C, Carrieri A, Del Moral G, Fermani A, Muzi M. Do coping strategies and the degree of satisfaction with one’s social life and parental attachment modulate gelotophobia, gelotophilia and katagelasticism? A study on young Italian adults. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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27
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Miller NV, Johnston C. Social threat attentional bias in childhood: Relations to aggression and hostile intent attributions. Aggress Behav 2019; 45:245-254. [PMID: 30635910 DOI: 10.1002/ab.21813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to examine the ways attentional bias to social threat-measured across multiple attentional processes-is related to both child aggression and a well-established cognitive correlate of aggression (namely, hostile intent attributions). A community sample of 211 children (51% male; 9-12 years; 55% Caucasian) participated in our cross-sectional correlational design. Social threat attentional bias was measured through task performance on dot-probe, attentional shifting, and temporal order judgment tasks; each task measured different attentional processes. Aggression was measured by parent- and child-report. Hostile intent attributions were measured through child responses to vignettes involving peer conflict or rejection. Attentional bias to social threat within early phases of attentional processing (i.e., attentional prioritization; stimuli presented for <200 ms in temporal order judgment task) was significantly and positively related to both aggression and hostile intent attributions. Attentional bias to social threat within attentional orienting (stimuli presented for 500 ms in dot-probe task) was positively and significantly related to hostile intent attributions. Attentional bias to social threat within attentional shifting (stimuli presented for multiple seconds) was not significantly related to aggression or hostile intent attributions. Higher levels of aggression and of hostile intent attributions were associated with an attentional bias to social threat within early, but not later, phases of attentional processing. These results suggest specificity in identifying dysfunctional attentional processes that may underlie aggression and aggression-related cognitive biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie V. Miller
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
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28
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Garandeau CF, Lansu TAM. Why does decreased likeability not deter adolescent bullying perpetrators? Aggress Behav 2019; 45:348-359. [PMID: 30706945 PMCID: PMC6590429 DOI: 10.1002/ab.21824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examines why the lower likeability of bullying perpetrators does not deter them from engaging in bullying behavior, by testing three hypotheses: (a) bullying perpetrators are unaware that they are disliked, (b) they value popularity more than they value likeability, (c) they think that they have nothing to lose in terms of likeability, as they believe that their targets and other classmates would dislike them anyway, regardless of their behavior. The first two hypotheses were examined in Study 1 (1,035 Dutch adolescents, Mage = 14.15) and the third hypothesis was examined in Study 2 (601 Dutch adolescents,
Mage = 12.92). Results from regression analyses showed that those higher in bullying were not more likely to overestimate their likeability. However, they were more likely than others to find being popular more important than being liked. Moreover, those higher in bullying were more likely to endorse the belief that the victimized student or the other classmates would have disliked a bullying protagonist (in vignettes of hypothetical bullying incidents) before any bullying started. These findings suggest that adolescent bullying perpetrators may not be deterred by the costs of bullying in terms of likeability, possibly because they do not value likeability that much (Hypothesis 2), and because they believe they hardly have any likeability to lose (Hypothesis 3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire F. Garandeau
- Research Centre Adolescent DevelopmentUtrecht UniversityUtrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology and Speech‐Language Pathology, University of TurkuTurku Finland
| | - Tessa A. M. Lansu
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud UniversityNijmegen The Netherlands
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29
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Lin M, Wolke D, Schneider S, Margraf J. Bullying History and Mental Health In University Students: The Mediator Roles of Social Support, Personal Resilience, and Self-Efficacy. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:960. [PMID: 31993000 PMCID: PMC6971115 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bullying victimization by peers is highly prevalent in childhood and adolescence. There is convincing evidence that victimization is associated with adverse mental health consequences. In contrast, it has been found that perpetrators suffer no adverse mental health consequences. These findings originate from Western countries such as Germany but have rarely been investigated in collectivistic societies such as China. Furthermore, it has been rarely studied whether positive intrapersonal characteristics (e.g., personal resilience and self-efficacy) and interpersonal positive resources (e.g., social support) may mediate the impact of bullying on mental health. The current study used a path analytic model to examine, firstly, whether previous bullying experiences (both victimization and perpetration) are associated with current positive and negative mental health in university students and, secondly, whether these influences are mediated by social support, resilience, and self-efficacy. The model was tested in 5,912 Chinese and 1,935 German university students. It was found that in both countries, higher victimization frequency was associated with lower levels of social support, personal resilience, and self-efficacy, which in turn predicted poorer mental health. Moreover, and only in China, perpetration was negatively associated with social support and personal resilience but not self-efficacy. In contrast, in the German sample, perpetration experience was found to enhance one's self-efficacy, and the later was associated with better mental health. The results support a mediation model in which social support, personal resilience, and self-efficacy partially mediate the influence of victimization on mental health in both countries. For the relationship between perpetration and mental health, self-efficacy was the only full mediator in Germany, whereas in China, both social support and personal resilience were partial mediators. In conclusion, peer victimization has adverse effects on mental health in both Germany and China. Only in China, however, is perpetration also associated with adverse mental health outcomes. In contrast, getting ahead by bullying in an individualistic society such as Germany is associated with increased self-efficacy and mental health. The differences found between an individualistic country and a collectivistic country have important implications for understanding and planning interventions to reduce bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyu Lin
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Mental Health Research & Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Schneider
- Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology of the Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research & Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Mental Health Research & Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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30
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Why do children and adolescents bully their peers? A critical review of key theoretical frameworks. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:437-451. [PMID: 29167925 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-017-1462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Bullying is a significant public health problem for children and adolescents worldwide. Evidence suggests that both being bullied (bullying victimisation) and bullying others (bullying perpetration) are associated with concurrent and future mental health problems. The onset and course of bullying perpetration are influenced by individual as well as systemic factors. Identifying effective solutions to address bullying requires a fundamental understanding of why it occurs. Drawing from multi-disciplinary domains, this review provides a summary and synthesis of the key theoretical frameworks applied to understanding and intervening on the issue of bullying. A number of explanatory models have been used to elucidate the dynamics of bullying, and broadly these correspond with either system (e.g., social-ecological, family systems, peer-group socialisation) or individual-level (e.g., developmental psychopathology, genetic, resource control, social-cognitive) frameworks. Each theory adds a unique perspective; however, no single framework comprehensively explains why bullying occurs. This review demonstrates that the integration of theoretical perspectives achieves a more nuanced understanding of bullying which is necessary for strengthening evidence-based interventions. Future progress requires researchers to integrate both the systems and individual-level theoretical frameworks to further improve current interventions. More effective intervention across different systems as well as tailoring interventions to the specific needs of the individuals directly involved in bullying will reduce exposure to a key risk factor for mental health problems.
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Lee K, Dale J, Guy A, Wolke D. Bullying and negative appearance feedback among adolescents: Is it objective or misperceived weight that matters? J Adolesc 2017; 63:118-128. [PMID: 29289824 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated (1) whether involvement in bullying as a bully, victim or bully-victim was associated with objectively measured overweight or underweight, or whether it was related to weight misperception (i.e., inaccurate perceptions), and (2) whether appearance-specific feedback mediated the relationship between bullying and weight misperception. In Stage 1, 2782 adolescents aged 11-16 years from British secondary schools were screened for peer bullying and victimisation. In Stage 2, 411 adolescents with weight and height data (objective n = 319, self-report n = 92) also self-reported on their weight perception and appearance-specific feedback. Neither bullying nor victimisation were related to objective underweight or overweight. Victims were at increased odds of overweight misperception, while bully-victims were at increased odds of underweight misperception. Additionally, there was an indirect effect of appearance feedback on overweight misperception in bully-victims. Both victims and bully-victims are at increased risk of weight misperception, posing further detrimental effects to their health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
| | - Jeremy Dale
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
| | - Alexa Guy
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom; Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
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