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Yamazaki S, Banno K. Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer toward Conical Intersections in Indigo, Epindolidione, and Indirubin. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 39052640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Indigo exhibits a high degree of photostability, experimentally supported by observations such as quenching of fluorescence and an exceptionally short excited-state lifetime. Epindolidione, a structural isomer of indigo, is highly fluorescent in contrast to indigo, while indirubin, another structural isomer, exhibits weak fluorescence similar to that of indigo. To elucidate the origin of the difference in photophysical and photochemical behavior, potential energy profiles of the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer in indigo, epindolidione, and indirubin are computationally studied by quantum chemical calculations using the TDDFT and extended MS-CASPT2 (XMS-CASPT2) methods. As a result, it is found that indigo and indirubin exhibit little energy barrier for the single proton transfer (SPT) in the S1(ππ*) state from the diketo to keto-enol form and low energy of the S1/S0 conical intersection (CI) in the latter form with a planar molecular structure. Epindolidione, on the other hand, exhibits much higher barriers for SPT and access to CI. These results suggest that the excited-state SPT and subsequent nonradiative deactivation via CI are more likely to occur in indigo and indirubin than in epindolidione, which is consistent with the experimental observations described above. For indigo and epindolidione, the deactivation channels via the second SPT from the keto-enol to dienol form are also compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Yamazaki
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Kouta Banno
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
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2
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Xu H, Chakraborty R, Adak AK, Das A, Yang B, Meier D, Riss A, Reichert J, Narasimhan S, Barth JV, Papageorgiou AC. On-Surface Isomerization of Indigo within 1D Coordination Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319162. [PMID: 38235942 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Natural products are attractive components to tailor environmentally friendly advanced new materials. We present surface-confined metallosupramolecular engineering of coordination polymers using natural dyes as molecular building blocks: indigo and the related Tyrian purple. Both building blocks yield identical, well-defined coordination polymers composed of (1 dehydroindigo : 1 Fe) repeat units on two different silver single crystal surfaces. These polymers are characterized atomically by submolecular resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy, bond-resolving atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. On Ag(100) and on Ag(111), the trans configuration of dehydroindigo results in N,O-chelation in the polymer chains. On the more inert Ag(111) surface, the molecules additionally undergo thermally induced isomerization from the trans to the cis configuration and afford N,N- plus O,O-chelation. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the coordination polymers of the cis-isomers on Ag(111) and of the trans-isomers on Ag(100) are energetically favoured. Our results demonstrate post-synthetic linker isomerization in interfacial metal-organic nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Xu
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department E20, James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Ritam Chakraborty
- Theoretical Sciences Unit & School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jakkur, Bangalore, 560054, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Adak
- Theoretical Sciences Unit & School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jakkur, Bangalore, 560054, India
- Current address: The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, 34151, Trieste, Italy
| | - Arpan Das
- Theoretical Sciences Unit & School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jakkur, Bangalore, 560054, India
| | - Biao Yang
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department E20, James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Dennis Meier
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department E20, James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander Riss
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department E20, James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Joachim Reichert
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department E20, James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Shobhana Narasimhan
- Theoretical Sciences Unit & School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jakkur, Bangalore, 560054, India
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department E20, James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Anthoula C Papageorgiou
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department E20, James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis, 15771, Athens, Greece
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3
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Das B, Bora SR, Bishen SM, Mishra H, Kalita DJ, Wahab A. Photophysics of a Monoannulated Indigo: Intra- and Intermolecular Charge Transfer. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:2565-2573. [PMID: 38513220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, the photoinduced charge-transfer (CT) behavior of 7-phenyl-6H-pyrido[1,2-a:3,4-b']diindole-6,13(12H)-dione (HCB) as a function of solvent polarity is reported by UV-vis absorption, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence, and quantum chemical calculations. Calculated excited state energies of HCB at the B3PW91/6-31+G* level in vacuo and in solvents fulfill the energy requirements for singlet fission, which is the most promising path for the generation of highly efficient solar cells. The calculated potential energy curve for the compound reveals that the keto form is the predominant form in the ground state. Large bathochromic shifts in fluorescence with decreasing trends of quantum yield and lifetime indicate the occurrence of intramolecular CT from the indole bicycle to the indolinone moiety of HCB in highly polar solvents. The observed quenching of HCB fluorescence in different solvents without altering the spectral shape upon addition of a donor, triethylamine, is attributed to intermolecular CT, and it was examined in terms of the Stern-Volmer kinetics. The thermodynamics of photoinduced CT processes in HCB was analyzed using the measured photophysical data and cyclic voltammetric redox potentials via the Rehm-Weller equation. Analyses with the semiclassical Marcus theory suggest that both the CT processes fall under the Marcus normal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidyut Das
- Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Guwahati 781 001, Assam, India
| | - Smiti Rani Bora
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781 014, Assam, India
| | - Siddharth Mall Bishen
- Physics Section MMV, Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Hirdyesh Mishra
- Physics Section MMV, Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | | | - Abdul Wahab
- Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Guwahati 781 001, Assam, India
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4
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Verma A, Jackson NE. Assessing molecular doping efficiency in organic semiconductors with reactive Monte Carlo. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:104106. [PMID: 38465678 DOI: 10.1063/5.0197816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The addition of molecular dopants into organic semiconductors (OSCs) is a ubiquitous augmentation strategy to enhance the electrical conductivity of OSCs. Although the importance of optimizing OSC-dopant interactions is well-recognized, chemically generalizable structure-function relationships are difficult to extract due to the sensitivity and dependence of doping efficiency on chemistry, processing conditions, and morphology. Computational modeling for an integrated OSC-dopant design is an attractive approach to systematically isolate fundamental relationships, but requires the challenging simultaneous treatment of molecular reactivity and morphology evolution. We present the first computational study to couple molecular reactivity with morphology evolution in a molecularly doped OSC. Reactive Monte Carlo is employed to examine the evolution of OSC-dopant morphologies and doping efficiency with respect to dielectric, the thermodynamic driving for the doping reaction, and dopant aggregation. We observe that for well-mixed systems with experimentally relevant dielectric constants, doping efficiency is near unity with a very weak dependence on the ionization potential and electron affinity of OSC and dopant, respectively. At experimental dielectric constants, reaction-induced aggregation is observed, corresponding to the well-known insolubility of solution-doped materials. Simulations are qualitatively consistent with a number of experimental studies showing a decrease of doping efficiency with increasing dopant concentration. Finally, we observe that the aggregation of dopants lowers doping efficiency and thus presents a rational design strategy for maximizing doping efficiency in molecularly doped OSCs. This work represents an important first step toward the systematic integration of molecular reactivity and morphology evolution into the characterization of multi-scale structure-function relationships in molecularly doped OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Verma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Nicholas E Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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5
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Ren S, Wang S, Chen J, Yi Z. Design of Novel Functional Conductive Structures and Preparation of High-Hole-Mobility Polymer Transistors by Green Synthesis Using Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor Strategies. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:396. [PMID: 38337285 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The design of novel acceptor molecular structures based on classical building blocks is regarded as one of the efficient ways to explore the application of organic conjugated materials in conductivity and electronics. Here, a novel acceptor moiety, thiophene-vinyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole (TVDPP), was envisioned and prepared with a longer conjugation length and a more rigid structure than thiophene-diketopyrrolopyrrole (TDPP). The brominated TVDPP can be sequentially bonded to trimethyltin-containing benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole units via Suzuki polycondensation to efficiently prepare the polymer PTVDPP-BSz, which features high molecular weight and excellent thermal stability. The polymerization process takes only 24 h and eliminates the need for chlorinated organic solvents or toxic tin-based reagents. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations and film morphology analyses verify the planarity and high crystallinity of the material, respectively, which facilitates the achievement of high carrier mobility. Conductivity measurements of the polymeric material in the organic transistor device show a hole mobility of 0.34 cm2 V-1 s-1, which illustrates its potential for functionalized semiconductor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Ren
- Advanced Materials Platform Laboratory, Zhuhai Fudan Innovation and Science Research Center, Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin 519000, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process of Zhejiang Key Laboratory, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Sichun Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jinyang Chen
- Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process of Zhejiang Key Laboratory, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Zhengran Yi
- Advanced Materials Platform Laboratory, Zhuhai Fudan Innovation and Science Research Center, Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin 519000, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Chandel N, Singh BB, Dureja C, Yang YH, Bhatia SK. Indigo production goes green: a review on opportunities and challenges of fermentative production. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:62. [PMID: 38182914 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Indigo is a widely used dye in various industries, such as textile, cosmetics, and food. However, traditional methods of indigo extraction and processing are associated with environmental and economic challenges. Fermentative production of indigo using microbial strains has emerged as a promising alternative that offers sustainability and cost-effectiveness. This review article provides a critical overview of microbial diversity, metabolic pathways, fermentation strategies, and genetic engineering approaches for fermentative indigo production. The advantages and limitations of different indigo production systems and a critique of the current understanding of indigo biosynthesis are discussed. Finally, the potential application of indigo in other sectors is also discussed. Overall, fermentative production of indigo offers a sustainable and bio-based alternative to synthetic methods and has the potential to contribute to the development of sustainable and circular biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Chandel
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Bharat Bhushan Singh
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chetna Dureja
- Center for Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Li F, Chen Q, Deng H, Ye S, Chen R, Keasling JD, Luo X. One-pot selective biosynthesis of Tyrian purple in Escherichia coli. Metab Eng 2024; 81:100-109. [PMID: 38000548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Tyrian purple (6,6'-Dibromoindigo) is an ancient precious dye, which possesses remarkable properties as a biocompatible semiconductor material. Recently, biosynthesis has emerged as an alternative for the sustainable production of Tyrian purple from a natural substrate. However, the selectivity issue in enzymatic tryptophan (Trp) and bromotryptophan (6-Br-Trp) degradation was an obstacle for obtaining high-purity Tyrian purple in a single cell biosynthesis. In this study, we present a simplified one-pot process for the production of Tyrian purple from Trp in Escherichia coli (E. coli) using Trp 6-halogenase from Streptomyces toxytricini (SttH), tryptophanase from E. coli (TnaA) and a two-component indole oxygenase from Providencia Rettgeri GS-2 (GS-C and GS-D). To enhance the in vivo solubility and activity of SttH and flavin reductase (Fre) fusion enzyme (Fre-L3-SttH), a chaperone system of GroEL/GroES (pGro7) was introduced in addition to the implementation of a set of optimization strategies, including fine-tuning the expression vector, medium, concentration of bromide salt and inducer. To overcome the selectivity issue and achieve a higher conversion yield of Tyrian purple with minimal indigo formation, we applied the λpL/pR-cI857 thermoinducible system to temporally control the bifunctional fusion enzyme of TnaA and monooxygenase GS-C (TnaA-L3-GS-C). Through optimization of the fermentation process, we were able to achieve a Tyrian purple titer of 44.5 mg L-1 with minimal indigo byproduct from 500 μM Trp. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the selective production of Tyrian purple in E. colivia a one-pot process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 150100, China
| | - Que Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huaxiang Deng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shumei Ye
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 150100, China; Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 150100, China
| | - Ruidong Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jay D Keasling
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Xiaozhou Luo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 150100, China.
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8
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Ma L, Sun T, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Liu X, Li Y, Chen X, Cao L, Kang Q, Guo J, Du L, Wang W, Li S. Enzymatic synthesis of indigo derivatives by tuning P450 BM3 peroxygenases. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2023; 8:452-461. [PMID: 37448528 PMCID: PMC10336827 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Indigoids, a class of bis-indoles, have long been applied in dyeing, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Recently, interest in these 'old' molecules has been renewed in the field of organic semiconductors as functional building blocks for organic electronics due to their excellent chemical and physical properties. However, these indigo derivatives are difficult to access through chemical synthesis. In this study, we engineer cytochrome P450 BM3 from an NADPH-dependent monooxygenase to peroxygenases through directed evolution. A select number of P450 BM3 variants are used for the selective oxidation of indole derivatives to form different indigoid pigments with a spectrum of colors. Among the prepared indigoid organic photocatalysts, a majority of indigoids demonstrate a reduced band gap than indigo due to the increased light capture and improved charge separation, making them promising candidates for the development of new organic electronic devices. Thus, we present a useful enzymatic approach with broad substrate scope and cost-effectiveness by using low-cost H2O2 as a cofactor for the preparation of diversified indigoids, offering versatility in designing and manufacturing new dyestuff and electronic/sensor components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Tianjian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yunjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xinwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lin Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Qianqian Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Jiawei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Shengying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
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9
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Li H, Shan L, Liu C, Liu N, Wang X, Hu Y. Chemospecific C3- and C2-Olefinations of Isatins by TfOH-Promoted Tandem Aldol-Grob and Semiacetalization-Grob Fragmentations. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37318838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for TfOH-promoted chemospecific C3- and C2-olefinations of isatins is developed, which offers the first examples of Grob fragmentation using isatins and amides as substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lidong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chulong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Nan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuefei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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10
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Kaleta J, Dudič M, Ludvíková L, Liška A, Zaykov A, Rončević I, Mašát M, Bednárová L, Dron PI, Teat SJ, Michl J. Phenyl-Substituted Cibalackrot Derivatives: Synthesis, Structure, and Solution Photophysics. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37219972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Three symmetrically and three unsymmetrically substituted cibalackrot (7,14-diphenyldiindolo[3,2,1-de:3',2',1'-ij][1,5]naphthyridine-6,13-dione, 1) dyes carrying two derivatized phenyl rings have been synthesized as candidates for molecular electronics and especially for singlet fission, a process of interest for solar energy conversion. Solution measurements provided singlet and triplet excitation energies and fluorescence yields and lifetimes; conformational properties were analyzed computationally. The molecular properties are close to ideal for singlet fission. However, crystal structures, obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), are rather similar to those of the polymorphs of solid 1, in which the formation of a charge-separated state followed by intersystem crossing, complemented with excimer formation, outcompetes singlet fission. Results of calculations by the approximate SIMPLE method suggest which ones among the solid derivatives are the best candidates for singlet fission, but it appears difficult to change the crystal packing in a desirable direction. We also describe the preparation of three specifically deuteriated versions of 1, expected to help sort out the mechanism of fast intersystem crossing in its charge-separated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Kaleta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Dudič
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Ludvíková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alan Liška
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Zaykov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, 16000 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Rončević
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Mašát
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bednárová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paul I Dron
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
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11
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Chen P, Wang D, Luo L, Meng J, Zhou Z, Dai X, Zou Y, Tan L, Shao X, Di CA, Jia C, Zhang HL, Liu Z. Self-Doping Naphthalene Diimide Conjugated Polymers for Flexible Unipolar n-Type OTFTs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300240. [PMID: 36812459 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-performance organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) materials is vital for flexible electronics. Numerous OTFTs are so far reported but obtaining high-performance and reliable OTFTs simultaneously for flexible electronics is still challenging. Herein, it is reported that self-doping in conjugated polymer enables high unipolar n-type charge mobility in flexible OTFTs, as well as good operational/ambient stability and bending resistance. New naphthalene diimide (NDI)-conjugated polymers PNDI2T-NM17 and PNDI2T-NM50 with different contents of self-doping groups on their side chains are designed and synthesized. The effects of self-doping on the electronic properties of resulting flexible OTFTs are investigated. The results reveal that the flexible OTFTs based on self-doped PNDI2T-NM17 exhibit unipolar n-type charge-carrier properties and good operational/ambient stability thanks to the appropriate doping level and intermolecular interactions. The charge mobility and on/off ratio are fourfold and four orders of magnitude higher than those of undoped model polymer, respectively. Overall, the proposed self-doping strategy is useful for rationally designing OTFT materials with high semiconducting performance and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Liang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jinqiu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhaoqiong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaojuan Dai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ye Zou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Luxi Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chong-An Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chunyang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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12
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Li YF, Guo YL, Liu YQ. Recent Progress in Donor-Acceptor Type Conjugated Polymers for Organic Field-effect Transistors. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-023-2952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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13
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Li F, Deng H, Zhong B, Ruan B, Zhao X, Luo X. Identification of an indole biodegradation gene cluster from Providencia rettgeri and its contribution in selectively biosynthesizing Tyrian purple. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1109929. [PMID: 36704308 PMCID: PMC9871250 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1109929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrian purple, mainly composed of 6, 6'-dibromoindigo, is a precious dye extracted from sea snails. In this study, we found Tyrian purple can be selectively produced by a bacterial strain GS-2 when fed with 6-bromotryptophan in the presence of tryptophan. This GS-2 strain was then identified as Providencia rettgeri based on bacterial genome sequencing analysis. An indole degradation gene cluster for indole metabolism was identified from this GS-2 strain. The heterologous expression of the indole degradation gene cluster in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and in vitro enzymatic reaction demonstrated that the indole biodegradation gene cluster may contribute to selectively biosynthesizing Tyrian purple. To further explore the underlying mechanism of the selectivity, we explored the intermediates in this indole biodegradation pathway using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS), which indicated that the indole biodegradation pathway in Providencia rettgeri is the catechol pathway. Interestingly, the monooxygenase GS-C co-expressed with its corresponding reductase GS-D in the cluster has better activity for the biosynthesis of Tyrian purple compared with the previously reported monooxygenase from Methylophaga aminisulfidivorans (MaFMO) or Streptomyces cattleya cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP102G4). This is the first study to show the existence of an indole biodegradation pathway in Providencia rettgeri, and the indole biodegradation gene cluster can contribute to the selective production of Tyrian purple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China,Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huaxiang Deng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Biming Zhong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Banlai Ruan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xixi Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Xixi Zhao, ; Xiaozhou Luo,
| | - Xiaozhou Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China,Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Xixi Zhao, ; Xiaozhou Luo,
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14
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Núñez-Navarro N, Salazar Muñoz J, Castillo F, Ramírez-Sarmiento CA, Poblete-Castro I, Zacconi FC, Parra LP. Discovery of New Phenylacetone Monooxygenase Variants for the Development of Substituted Indigoids through Biocatalysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012544. [PMID: 36293414 PMCID: PMC9604523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Indigoids are natural pigments obtained from plants by ancient cultures. Romans used them mainly as dyes, whereas Asian cultures applied these compounds as treatment agents for several diseases. In the modern era, the chemical industry has made it possible to identify and develop synthetic routes to obtain them from petroleum derivatives. However, these processes require high temperatures and pressures and large amounts of solvents, acids, and alkali agents. Thus, enzyme engineering and the development of bacteria as whole-cell biocatalysts emerges as a promising green alternative to avoid the use of these hazardous materials and consequently prevent toxic waste generation. In this research, we obtained two novel variants of phenylacetone monooxygenase (PAMO) by iterative saturation mutagenesis. Heterologous expression of these two enzymes, called PAMOHPCD and PAMOHPED, in E. coli was serendipitously found to produce indigoids. These interesting results encourage us to characterize the thermal stability and enzyme kinetics of these new variants and to evaluate indigo and indirubin production in a whole-cell system by HPLC. The highest yields were obtained with PAMOHPCD supplemented with L-tryptophan, producing ~3000 mg/L indigo and ~130.0 mg/L indirubin. Additionally, both enzymes could oxidize and produce several indigo derivatives from substituted indoles, with PAMOHPCD being able to produce the well-known Tyrian purple. Our results indicate that the PAMO variants described herein have potential application in the textile, pharmaceutics, and semiconductors industries, prompting the use of environmentally friendly strategies to obtain a diverse variety of indigoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Núñez-Navarro
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Javier Salazar Muñoz
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Francisco Castillo
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - César A. Ramírez-Sarmiento
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Ignacio Poblete-Castro
- Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 8350709, Chile
| | - Flavia C. Zacconi
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Correspondence: (F.C.Z.); (L.P.P.)
| | - Loreto P. Parra
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Correspondence: (F.C.Z.); (L.P.P.)
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15
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Jancik-Prochazkova A, Mayorga-Martinez CC, Vyskočil J, Pumera M. Swarming Magnetically Navigated Indigo-Based Hydrophobic Microrobots for Oil Removal. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:45545-45552. [PMID: 36165774 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Removal of oil is very important for environmental remediation when considering its negative impacts on living organisms and on the quality of water, groundwater, and soil. Here, we report on the application of hydrophobic magnetic hydrogen-bonded organic pigment-based microrobots for oil removal. The microrobots can be wirelessly navigated in a transversal rotating magnetic field, with full control of their trajectory. In addition, the velocity of magnetic microrobots can be easily controlled by changing the frequency. Due to their hydrophobic nature, the microrobots were able to enter droplets of spilled oil. Consequently, the navigation of the oil droplets was enabled in a magnetic field. Moreover, the microrobots captured within the oil droplets exhibited a swarm-like behavior; they collectively navigated toward further oil droplets that were collected and transferred to a desired location. This concept does not require the use of any additional fuel or surfactants, which is crucial for large-scale oil pollution treatment. Therefore, we believe that these microrobot swarms have great potential in remediating aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jancik-Prochazkova
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Carmen C Mayorga-Martinez
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vyskočil
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
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16
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Wu D, Feng Y, Wang R, Jiang J, Guan Q, Yang X, Wei H, Xia Y, Luo Y. Pigment microparticles and microplastics found in human thrombi based on Raman spectral evidence. J Adv Res 2022:S2090-1232(22)00206-5. [PMID: 36116710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Environmental microparticle is becoming a global pollutant and the entire population is increasingly exposed to the microparticles from artificial materials. The accumulation of microparticles including microplastics and its subsequent effects need to be investigated timely to keep sustainable development of human society. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the accumulation of environmental particles in thrombus, the pathological structure in the blood circulation system. METHODS Patients receiving cardiovascular surgical operations were screened and twenty-six thrombi were collected, digested and filtered. Non-soluble microparticles were enriched on the filter membrane and then were analyzed and identified with Raman Spectrometer. The associations of particle status (presence or absence) or particle number in the thrombus and clinical indicators were examined. One strict quality control-particle detection system was designed to eliminate environmental contaminations. RESULTS Among twenty-six thrombi, sixteen contained eighty-seven identified particles ranging from 2.1 to 26.0 μm in size. The number of microparticles in each thrombus ranged from one to fifteen with the median reaching five. All the particles found in thrombi were irregularly block-shaped. Totally, twenty-one phthalocyanine particles, one Hostasol-Green particle, and one low-density polyethylene microplastic, which were from synthetic materials, were identified in thrombi. The rest microparticles included iron compounds and metallic oxides. After the adjustment for potential confounders, a significantly positive association between microparticle number and blood platelet levels was detected (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION This study provides the first photograph and Raman spectrum evidence of microparticles in thrombi. A large number of non-soluble particles including synthetic material microparticles could accumulate in arteries, suggesting that the risk of microparticle exposure was under-estimated and the re-evaluation of its health effects is urgently needed. There will be a series of reports on assessing the health effects of microparticle exposure in humans in the future and this research provided clues for the subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yudong Feng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Jin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Quanquan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hongcheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Yongming Luo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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17
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Schmidt T, Jakešová M, Đerek V, Kornmueller K, Tiapko O, Bischof H, Burgstaller S, Waldherr L, Nowakowska M, Baumgartner C, Üçal M, Leitinger G, Scheruebel S, Patz S, Malli R, Głowacki ED, Rienmüller T, Schindl R. Light Stimulation of Neurons on Organic Photocapacitors Induces Action Potentials with Millisecond Precision. ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 7:2101159. [PMID: 37064760 PMCID: PMC10097427 DOI: 10.1002/admt.202101159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nongenetic optical control of neurons is a powerful technique to study and manipulate the function of the nervous system. This research has benchmarked the performance of organic electrolytic photocapacitor (OEPC) optoelectronic stimulators at the level of single mammalian cells: human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells with heterologously expressed voltage-gated K+ channels and hippocampal primary neurons. OEPCs act as extracellular stimulation electrodes driven by deep red light. The electrophysiological recordings show that millisecond light stimulation of OEPC shifts conductance-voltage plots of voltage-gated K+ channels by ≈30 mV. Models are described both for understanding the experimental findings at the level of K+ channel kinetics in HEK cells, as well as elucidating interpretation of membrane electrophysiology obtained during stimulation with an electrically floating extracellular photoelectrode. A time-dependent increase in voltage-gated channel conductivity in response to OEPC stimulation is demonstrated. These findings are then carried on to cultured primary hippocampal neurons. It is found that millisecond time-scale optical stimuli trigger repetitive action potentials in these neurons. The findings demonstrate that OEPC devices enable the manipulation of neuronal signaling activities with millisecond precision. OEPCs can therefore be integrated into novel in vitro electrophysiology protocols, and the findings can inspire in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
| | - Marie Jakešová
- Bioelectronics Materials and Devices LaboratoryCentral European Institute of TechnologyBrno University of TechnologyPurkyňova 123Brno61200Czech Republic
| | - Vedran Đerek
- Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversity of ZagrebBijenička c. 32Zagreb10000Croatia
| | - Karin Kornmueller
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
| | - Oleksandra Tiapko
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
| | - Helmut Bischof
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterMolecular Biology and BiochemistryMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6Graz8010Austria
- Department of PharmacologyToxicology and Clinical PharmacyInstitute of PharmacyUniversity of TuebingenAuf der Morgenstelle 872076TuebingenGermany
| | - Sandra Burgstaller
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterMolecular Biology and BiochemistryMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6Graz8010Austria
- Department of PharmacologyToxicology and Clinical PharmacyInstitute of PharmacyUniversity of TuebingenAuf der Morgenstelle 872076TuebingenGermany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen72770ReutlingenGermany
| | - Linda Waldherr
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
| | - Marta Nowakowska
- Research Unit of Experimental NeurotraumatologyDepartment of NeurosurgeryMedical University GrazAuenbruggerplatz 2.2Graz8036Austria
| | - Christian Baumgartner
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
- Institute of Health Care Engineering with European Testing Center of Medical DevicesGraz University of TechnologyGraz8010Austria
| | - Muammer Üçal
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
- Research Unit of Experimental NeurotraumatologyDepartment of NeurosurgeryMedical University GrazAuenbruggerplatz 2.2Graz8036Austria
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterDivision of Cell BiologyHistology and EmbryologyMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
| | - Susanne Scheruebel
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
| | - Silke Patz
- Research Unit of Experimental NeurotraumatologyDepartment of NeurosurgeryMedical University GrazAuenbruggerplatz 2.2Graz8036Austria
| | - Roland Malli
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterMolecular Biology and BiochemistryMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6Graz8010Austria
| | - Eric Daniel Głowacki
- Bioelectronics Materials and Devices LaboratoryCentral European Institute of TechnologyBrno University of TechnologyPurkyňova 123Brno61200Czech Republic
| | - Theresa Rienmüller
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
- Institute of Health Care Engineering with European Testing Center of Medical DevicesGraz University of TechnologyGraz8010Austria
| | - Rainer Schindl
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
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Zhang Q, Huang J, Wang K, Huang W. Recent Structural Engineering of Polymer Semiconductors Incorporating Hydrogen Bonds. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110639. [PMID: 35261083 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Highly planar, extended π-electron organic conjugated polymers have been increasingly attractive for achieving high-mobility organic semiconductors. In addition to the conventional strategy to construct rigid backbone by covalent bonds, hydrogen bond has been employed extensively to increase the planarity and rigidity of polymer via intramolecular noncovalent interactions. This review provides a general summary of high-mobility semiconducting polymers incorporating hydrogen bonds in field-effect transistors over recent years. The structural engineering of the hydrogen bond-containing building blocks and the discussion of theoretical simulation, microstructural characterization, and device performance are covered. Additionally, the effects of the introduction of hydrogen bond on self-healing, stretchability, chemical sensitivity, and mechanical properties are also discussed. The review aims to help and inspire design of new high-mobility conjugated polymers with superiority of mechanical flexibility by incorporation of hydrogen bond for the application in flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jianyao Huang
- CAS key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
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Synthesis, crystal structure and supramolecular self-assembly of tetraphenylethylene subunit appended isoindigo derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Vėbraitė I, Hanein Y. Soft Devices for High-Resolution Neuro-Stimulation: The Interplay Between Low-Rigidity and Resolution. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 3:675744. [PMID: 35047928 PMCID: PMC8757739 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2021.675744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of neurostimulation has evolved over the last few decades from a crude, low-resolution approach to a highly sophisticated methodology entailing the use of state-of-the-art technologies. Neurostimulation has been tested for a growing number of neurological applications, demonstrating great promise and attracting growing attention in both academia and industry. Despite tremendous progress, long-term stability of the implants, their large dimensions, their rigidity and the methods of their introduction and anchoring to sensitive neural tissue remain challenging. The purpose of this review is to provide a concise introduction to the field of high-resolution neurostimulation from a technological perspective and to focus on opportunities stemming from developments in materials sciences and engineering to reduce device rigidity while optimizing electrode small dimensions. We discuss how these factors may contribute to smaller, lighter, softer and higher electrode density devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Vėbraitė
- School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Hanein
- School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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21
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Zhuang SY, Tang YX, Chen XL, Wu YD, Wu AX. Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative C(sp 3)-H/C(sp 3)-H Cross-Coupling Reaction of 3-Methylbenzo[ c]isoxazoles with Methyl Ketones: Access to Indigoid Analogues. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17101-17109. [PMID: 34739234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed oxidative C(sp3)-H/C(sp3)-H cross-coupling reaction of methyl ketones and 3-methylbenzo[c]isoxazoles has been developed for the direct synthesis of 3-oxoindolin-2-ylidene derivatives. This process involves an intermolecular nucleophilic addition/ring-opening/aza-Michael addition cascade, providing indigoid analogues with high atom economy and as single isomers exclusively under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yi Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Xing Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Dong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - An-Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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22
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Zhao Y, Gobbi M, Hueso LE, Samorì P. Molecular Approach to Engineer Two-Dimensional Devices for CMOS and beyond-CMOS Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 122:50-131. [PMID: 34816723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have attracted tremendous research interest over the last two decades. Their unique optical, electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties make 2DMs key building blocks for the fabrication of novel complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and beyond-CMOS devices. Major advances in device functionality and performance have been made by the covalent or noncovalent functionalization of 2DMs with molecules: while the molecular coating of metal electrodes and dielectrics allows for more efficient charge injection and transport through the 2DMs, the combination of dynamic molecular systems, capable to respond to external stimuli, with 2DMs makes it possible to generate hybrid systems possessing new properties by realizing stimuli-responsive functional devices and thereby enabling functional diversification in More-than-Moore technologies. In this review, we first introduce emerging 2DMs, various classes of (macro)molecules, and molecular switches and discuss their relevant properties. We then turn to 2DM/molecule hybrid systems and the various physical and chemical strategies used to synthesize them. Next, we discuss the use of molecules and assemblies thereof to boost the performance of 2D transistors for CMOS applications and to impart diverse functionalities in beyond-CMOS devices. Finally, we present the challenges, opportunities, and long-term perspectives in this technologically promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuda Zhao
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.,School of Micro-Nano Electronics, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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23
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Scaccabarozzi AD, Basu A, Aniés F, Liu J, Zapata-Arteaga O, Warren R, Firdaus Y, Nugraha MI, Lin Y, Campoy-Quiles M, Koch N, Müller C, Tsetseris L, Heeney M, Anthopoulos TD. Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors. Chem Rev 2021; 122:4420-4492. [PMID: 34793134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Electronic doping in organic materials has remained an elusive concept for several decades. It drew considerable attention in the early days in the quest for organic materials with high electrical conductivity, paving the way for the pioneering work on pristine organic semiconductors (OSCs) and their eventual use in a plethora of applications. Despite this early trend, however, recent strides in the field of organic electronics have been made hand in hand with the development and use of dopants to the point that are now ubiquitous. Here, we give an overview of all important advances in the area of doping of organic semiconductors and their applications. We first review the relevant literature with particular focus on the physical processes involved, discussing established mechanisms but also newly proposed theories. We then continue with a comprehensive summary of the most widely studied dopants to date, placing particular emphasis on the chemical strategies toward the synthesis of molecules with improved functionality. The processing routes toward doped organic films and the important doping-processing-nanostructure relationships, are also discussed. We conclude the review by highlighting how doping can enhance the operating characteristics of various organic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto D Scaccabarozzi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aniruddha Basu
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Filip Aniés
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Osnat Zapata-Arteaga
- Materials Science Institute of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ross Warren
- Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuliar Firdaus
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.,Research Center for Electronics and Telecommunication, Indonesian Institute of Science, Jalan Sangkuriang Komplek LIPI Building 20 level 4, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
| | - Mohamad Insan Nugraha
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuanbao Lin
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariano Campoy-Quiles
- Materials Science Institute of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Norbert Koch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Kekulé-Strasse 5, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Leonidas Tsetseris
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Athens GR-15780, Greece
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Ikeda K, Yoo D, Nishikawa R, Kawamoto T, Mori T. Charge injected proton transfer in indigo derivatives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:21972-21980. [PMID: 34569569 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03364f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In analogy with excited-state proton transfer, proton transfer is significantly facilitated in cationic and anionic molecules of indigo derivatives generated in field-effect transistors. We have prepared extended and truncated indigo derivatives and investigated their ambipolar transistor properties. Since the proton transfer reduces the energy gap from 2.2 to 0.4 eV, the proton transferred states are stabilized in the charge injected cationic and anionic states; the energy increase is as small as 0.5 eV, which is half of that in the neutral state. The intermolecular proton transfer enlarges the equilibrium N-H distance typically by 0.03 Å, and improves the donor and acceptor abilities by 0.2-0.4 eV, though the reorganization energy is practically unchanged. In addition, the transfer integrals along the hydrogen bonds are as large as one third of the columnar transfers, to facilitate the two-dimensional carrier conduction. The influence of proton transfer is most significant in indigo and truncated indigo derivatives, though isoindigo and quinacridone exhibit similar properties. Accordingly, indigo derivatives show much better donor and acceptor abilities than those expected from isolated molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuho Ikeda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, 152-8552, Japan.
| | - Dongho Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, 152-8552, Japan.
| | - Ryu Nishikawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, 152-8552, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Kawamoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, 152-8552, Japan.
| | - Takehiko Mori
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, 152-8552, Japan.
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25
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Cigánek M, Richtár J, Weiter M, Krajčovič J. Organic π‐Conjugated Molecules: From Nature to Artificial Applications. Where are the Boundaries? Isr J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Cigánek
- Brno University of Technology Faculty of Chemistry Materials Research Centre Purkyňova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jan Richtár
- Brno University of Technology Faculty of Chemistry Materials Research Centre Purkyňova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Martin Weiter
- Brno University of Technology Faculty of Chemistry Materials Research Centre Purkyňova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Krajčovič
- Brno University of Technology Faculty of Chemistry Materials Research Centre Purkyňova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
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26
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Broløs L, Klaue K, Bendix J, Grubert L, Hecht S, Nielsen MB. Stabilizing Indigo
Z
‐Isomer through Intramolecular Associations of Redox‐Active Appendages. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Line Broløs
- Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Kristin Klaue
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Lutz Grubert
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstr. 50 52074 Aachen Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Worringer Weg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Mogens Brøndsted Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
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27
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Salzillo T, Giunchi A, Pandolfi L, Brillante A, Venuti E. Bulk and Surface‐Mediated Polymorphs of Bio‐Inspired Dyes Organic Semiconductors: The Role of Lattice Phonons in their Investigation. Isr J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Salzillo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics Weizmann Institute of Science Herzl Street 234 76100 Rehovot Israel
| | - Andrea Giunchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, and INSTM-UdR Bologna Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna 40136 Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pandolfi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, and INSTM-UdR Bologna Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna 40136 Italy
| | - Aldo Brillante
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, and INSTM-UdR Bologna Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna 40136 Italy
| | - Elisabetta Venuti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, and INSTM-UdR Bologna Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna 40136 Italy
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28
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Pinheiro D, Galvão AM, Pineiro M, de Melo JSS. Red-Purple Photochromic Indigos from Green Chemistry: Mono- tBOC or Di- tBOC N-Substituted Indigos Displaying Excited State Proton Transfer or Photoisomerization. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:4108-4119. [PMID: 33851847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In indigo, excited state proton transfer (ESPT) is known to be associated with the molecular mechanism responsible for highly efficient radiationless deactivation. When this route is blocked (partially or totally), new deactivation routes become available. Using new green chemistry procedures, with favorable green chemistry metrics, monosubstitution and disubstitution of N group(s) in indigo, by tert-butoxy carbonyl groups, N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)indigo (NtBOCInd) and N,N'-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)indigo (N,N'tBOCInd), respectively, were synthetically accomplished. The compounds display red to purple colors depending on the solvent and substitution. Different excited-state deactivation pathways were observed and found to be structure- and solvent-dependent. Trans-cis photoisomerization was found to be absent with NtBOCInd and present with N,N'tBOCInd in nonpolar solvents. Time-resolved fluorescence experiments revealed single-exponential decays for the two compounds which, linked to time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) studies, show that with NtBOCInd ESPT is extremely fast and barrierless-predicted to be 1 kJ mol-1 in methylcyclohexane and 5 kJ mol-1 in dimethylsulfoxide-, which contrasts with ∼11 kJ mol-1 experimentally obtained for indigo. An alternative ESPT, competitive with the N-H···O═C intramolecular pathway, involving dimer units is also probed by TDDFT and found to be consistent with the experimentally observed time-resolved data. N,N'tBOCInd, where ESPT is precluded, shows solvent-dependent trans-cis/cis-trans photoisomerization and is surprisingly found to be more stable in the nonemissive cis conformation, whose deactivation to S0 is found to be solvent-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pinheiro
- University of Coimbra, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adelino M Galvão
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Pineiro
- University of Coimbra, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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29
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Zatsikha YV, Shamova LI, Nemykin VN. Environmentally Benign Route for Scalable Preparation of 1-Imino-3-thioisoindolines-The Key Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Dithio- and Diamino-β-isoindigo Derivatives. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4733-4746. [PMID: 33688739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A one-step, gram-scale protocol for the preparation of 1-imino-3-thioisoindolines and a novel one-pot two-step methodology of the synthesis of dithio- or diamino-β-isoindigo derivatives starting from phthalonitriles and sodium hydrosulfide in an aprotic dipolar solvent have been developed. It was demonstrated that the electronic properties of the substituent(s) in the phthalonitrile core play a critical role in β-isoindigo synthesis resulting either in the selective formation of dithio- or diamino-β-isoindigo chromophores. The N-acylated 1-imino-3-thioisoindolines can be used for the direct, easily scalable, and chromatography-free procedure for the preparation of a new class of N,N'-diacylamino-β-isoindigoid compounds. Properties of the monomeric as well as J-aggregated forms of dithio- and diamino-β-isoindigo were probed by the absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. It was demonstrated that the tetracyano-diamino-β-isoindigo 3f can form a J-aggregate that absorbs at 793 nm and fluoresces at 824 nm. This aggregate is stable in N,N-dimethylformamide solution; however, it slowly dissociates in tetrahydrofuran or under sonication conditions. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations were employed to elucidate the electronic structures, spectroscopic properties, and aggregation of new dithio- and diamino-β-isoindigo derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy V Zatsikha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Liliya I Shamova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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30
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McCosker PM, Butler NM, Shakoori A, Volland MK, Perry MJ, Mullen JW, Willis AC, Clark T, Bremner JB, Guldi DM, Keller PA. The Cascade Reactions of Indigo with Propargyl Substrates for Heterocyclic and Photophysical Diversity. Chemistry 2021; 27:3708-3721. [PMID: 32885487 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of structurally diverse heterocycles for chemical space exploration was achieved via the cascade reactions of indigo with propargylic electrophiles. New pyrazinodiindolodione, naphthyridinedione, azepinodiindolone, oxazinoindolone and pyrrolodione products were prepared in one pot reactions by varying the leaving group (-Cl, -Br, -OMs, -OTs) or propargyl terminal functionality (-H, -Me, -Ph, -Ar). Mechanistic and density functional theory studies revealed that the unsaturated propargyl moiety can behave as an electrophile when aromatic terminal substitutions are made, and therefore competes with leaving group substitution for new outcomes. Selected products from the cascade reactions were investigated for their absorption and fluorescence properties, including transient absorption spectroscopy. This revealed polarity dependent excited state relaxation pathways, fluorescence, and triplet formation, thus highlighting these reactions as a means to access diverse functional materials rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M McCosker
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Computer-Chemistry-Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nägelbachstrasse 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Chair of Physical Chemistry I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicholas M Butler
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Alireza Shakoori
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Michel K Volland
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Chair of Physical Chemistry I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthew J Perry
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jesse W Mullen
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony C Willis
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Computer-Chemistry-Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nägelbachstrasse 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - John B Bremner
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Chair of Physical Chemistry I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul A Keller
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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31
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Hosseini E, Dervin S, Ganguly P, Dahiya R. Biodegradable Materials for Sustainable Health Monitoring Devices. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:163-194. [PMID: 33842859 PMCID: PMC8022537 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recent advent of biodegradable materials has offered huge opportunity to transform healthcare technologies by enabling sensors that degrade naturally after use. The implantable electronic systems made from such materials eliminate the need for extraction or reoperation, minimize chronic inflammatory responses, and hence offer attractive propositions for future biomedical technology. The eco-friendly sensor systems developed from degradable materials could also help mitigate some of the major environmental issues by reducing the volume of electronic or medical waste produced and, in turn, the carbon footprint. With this background, herein we present a comprehensive overview of the structural and functional biodegradable materials that have been used for various biodegradable or bioresorbable electronic devices. The discussion focuses on the dissolution rates and degradation mechanisms of materials such as natural and synthetic polymers, organic or inorganic semiconductors, and hydrolyzable metals. The recent trend and examples of biodegradable or bioresorbable materials-based sensors for body monitoring, diagnostic, and medical therapeutic applications are also presented. Lastly, key technological challenges are discussed for clinical application of biodegradable sensors, particularly for implantable devices with wireless data and power transfer. Promising perspectives for the advancement of future generation of biodegradable sensor systems are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensieh
S. Hosseini
- Bendable Electronics and
Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Saoirse Dervin
- Bendable Electronics and
Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Priyanka Ganguly
- Bendable Electronics and
Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Ravinder Dahiya
- Bendable Electronics and
Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
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32
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Ueberricke L, Mastalerz M. Triptycene End-Capping as Strategy in Materials Chemistry to Control Crystal Packing and Increase Solubility. CHEM REC 2021; 21:558-573. [PMID: 33411413 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In materials chemistry of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) the kind of aggregation and the spatial arrangement of the π-planes are of utmost importance, e. g. for charge transport properties. Unfortunately, controlling these during crystallization is not trivial. In the past decade, we have introduced one-fold triptycene end-capping of quinoxalinophenanthrophenazines (QPPs) and other related structures to overcome this problem. When two instead of one triptycene end-caps are introduced, packing is largely suppressed, making typical PACs or pigments soluble in common organic solvents - which is another important property for such compounds to be processable from solution. In this account an overview of our research on using triptycene end-capping as dual strategy is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Ueberricke
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im NeuenheimerFeld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im NeuenheimerFeld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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33
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Benke BP, Hertwig L, Yang X, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. Triptycene End-Capped Indigo Derivatives - Turning Insoluble Pigments to Soluble Dyes. European J Org Chem 2021; 2021:72-76. [PMID: 33510580 PMCID: PMC7821156 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a highly soluble triptycene end-capped indigo and its bay annulated derivative is reported. Both compounds have been studied by absorption and emission spectroscopy cyclic voltammetry, as well as theoretical calculations and compared to the parent indigo and bay annulated indigo. Besides a large improvement of solubility in organic solvents by the factor of approx. 70(!) the compounds also show a pronounced tendency to form crystals. Both properties, making these compounds promising electron acceptors for organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahiru P. Benke
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Leif Hertwig
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Xuan Yang
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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34
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Darabi S, Hummel M, Rantasalo S, Rissanen M, Öberg Månsson I, Hilke H, Hwang B, Skrifvars M, Hamedi MM, Sixta H, Lund A, Müller C. Green Conducting Cellulose Yarns for Machine-Sewn Electronic Textiles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56403-56412. [PMID: 33284024 PMCID: PMC7747218 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of "green" electronics is a response to the pressing global situation where conventional electronics contribute to resource depletion and a global build-up of waste. For wearable applications, green electronic textile (e-textile) materials present an opportunity to unobtrusively incorporate sensing, energy harvesting, and other functionality into the clothes we wear. Here, we demonstrate electrically conducting wood-based yarns produced by a roll-to-roll coating process with an ink based on the biocompatible polymer:polyelectrolyte complex poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The developed e-textile yarns display a, for cellulose yarns, record-high bulk conductivity of 36 Scm-1, which could be further increased to 181 Scm-1 by adding silver nanowires. The PEDOT:PSS-coated yarn could be machine washed at least five times without loss in conductivity. We demonstrate the electrochemical functionality of the yarn through incorporation into organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). Moreover, by using a household sewing machine, we have manufactured an out-of-plane thermoelectric textile device, which can produce 0.2 μW at a temperature gradient of 37 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sozan Darabi
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Chalmers University
of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Michael Hummel
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sami Rantasalo
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Marja Rissanen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Ingrid Öberg Månsson
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haike Hilke
- Faculty
of Textiles, Engineering and Business, University
of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
| | - Byungil Hwang
- School
of
Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikael Skrifvars
- Faculty
of Textiles, Engineering and Business, University
of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
| | - Mahiar M. Hamedi
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Herbert Sixta
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Anja Lund
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Christian Müller
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Chalmers University
of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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35
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de Miguel G, Garzón-Ruiz A, Navarro A, García-Frutos EM. Synthesis and photophysical studies of an indigo derivative: N-octyl-7,7'-diazaindigo. RSC Adv 2020; 10:42014-42020. [PMID: 35516727 PMCID: PMC9057857 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06451c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we explore the synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties of a novel indigo derivative, N-octyl-7,7'-diazaindigo, being the first time that diazaindigos have been studied as photophysically-active chemical entities. Reduction of the neutral "keto-form" to the so-called "leuco-form" changes the global spectroscopic and photophysical behaviors. Both species have been investigated by different photophysical studies, such as analysis of absorption and emission spectra, fluorescence quantum yields (Φ F) and lifetimes. Finally, to appraise in depth the deactivation of the excited state of the keto form, femtosecond transient absorption (TA) experiments and Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time Dependent (TD)-DFT calculations were performed. In an organic aprotic solvent (N,N-dimethylformamide), TA experiments showed a fast deactivation channel (τ 1 = 2.9 ps), which was ascribed to solvent reorganization, and a longer decay component (τ 2 = 86 ps) associated with an internal conversion (IC) process to the ground-state, in opposition to the excited state proton transfer (ESPT) mechanism that takes place in the indigo molecules but in protic solvents. A comparative study was also carried out on the parent molecule, 7,7'-diazaindigo, corroborating the previous conclusions obtained for the alkyl derivative. In agreement with experimental observations, DFT and TD-DFT calculations revealed that the deactivation of the S1 state of the keto form takes place through an internal conversion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo de Miguel
- Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry and Applied Thermodynamics, University of Cordoba Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie Córdoba E-14014 Spain
| | - Andrés Garzón-Ruiz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Cronista Francisco Ballesteros Gómez, 1 E02071 Albacete Spain
| | - Amparo Navarro
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad de Jaén Campus Las Lagunillas E23071 Jaén Spain
| | - Eva M García-Frutos
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC Cantoblanco Madrid E-28049 Spain +34 91 334 9038
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36
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Production of Tyrian purple indigoid dye from tryptophan in Escherichia coli. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 17:104-112. [PMID: 33139950 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-020-00684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tyrian purple, mainly composed of 6,6'-dibromoindigo (6BrIG), is an ancient dye extracted from sea snails and was recently demonstrated as a biocompatible semiconductor material. However, its synthesis remains limited due to uncharacterized biosynthetic pathways and the difficulty of regiospecific bromination. Here, we introduce an effective 6BrIG production strategy in Escherichia coli using tryptophan 6-halogenase SttH, tryptophanase TnaA and flavin-containing monooxygenase MaFMO. Since tryptophan halogenases are expressed in highly insoluble forms in E. coli, a flavin reductase (Fre) that regenerates FADH2 for the halogenase reaction was used as an N-terminal soluble tag of SttH. A consecutive two-cell reaction system was designed to overproduce regiospecifically brominated precursors of 6BrIG by spatiotemporal separation of bromination and bromotryptophan degradation. These approaches led to 315.0 mg l-1 6BrIG production from tryptophan and successful synthesis of regiospecifically dihalogenated indigos. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that 6BrIG overproducing cells can be directly used as a bacterial dye.
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37
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Maeda T, Liess A, Kudzus A, Krause AM, Stolte M, Amitani H, Yagi S, Fujiwara H, Würthner F. Hydrogen bond-rigidified planar squaraine dye and its electronic and organic semiconductor properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9890-9893. [PMID: 32840518 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04306k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The one-step reaction of a dicyanovinyl-functionalized squaric acid with Fischer bases afforded C2v symmetric squaraine dyes with rigid planar structures due to intramolecular N-HO hydrogen bonds. Dense molecular packing, decrease of HOMO level, and sufficient thermal stability for sublimation enabled vacuum-processed OTFTs with hole mobility up to 0.32 cm2 V-1 s-1 and current on/off ratio of 106.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Maeda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Andreas Liess
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Astrid Kudzus
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Ana-Maria Krause
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Hitoshi Amitani
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Shigeyuki Yagi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Hideki Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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38
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Hong H, Conover CM, Hofsommer DT, Sanz CA, Hicks RG. Discovery and properties of a new indigoid structure type based on dimeric cis-indigos. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5838-5842. [PMID: 32705103 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01368d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of indigo with quinones in the presence of sodium hydride leads unexpectedly to products containing two indigo subunits; one indigo is featured in a cis configuration and fused via its indole nitrogen atoms to a second indigo at the central C-C bond of the latter. Structural, optical, and redox properties of the new compounds are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria BC V8W 3V6, Canada.
| | - Cassidy M Conover
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria BC V8W 3V6, Canada.
| | - Dillon T Hofsommer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria BC V8W 3V6, Canada.
| | - Corey A Sanz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria BC V8W 3V6, Canada.
| | - Robin G Hicks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria BC V8W 3V6, Canada.
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39
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Franchi D, Calamante M, Coppola C, Mordini A, Reginato G, Sinicropi A, Zani L. Synthesis and Characterization of New Organic Dyes Containing the Indigo Core. Molecules 2020; 25:E3377. [PMID: 32722406 PMCID: PMC7435895 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of symmetrical organic dyes containing an indigo central core decorated with different electron donor groups have been prepared, starting from Tyrian Purple and using the Pd-catalyzed Stille-Migita coupling process. The effect of substituents on the spectroscopic properties of the dyes has been investigated theoretically and experimentally. In general, all dyes presented intense light absorption bands, both in the blue and red regions of the visible spectrum, conferring them a bright green color in solution. Using the same approach, an asymmetrically substituted D-A-π-A green dye, bearing a triarylamine electron donor and the cyanoacrylate acceptor/anchoring group, has been synthesized for the first time and fully characterized, confirming that spectroscopic and electrochemical properties are consistent with a possible application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Franchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia, 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.)
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Chemistry, KTH, Teknikringen 30, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massimo Calamante
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia, 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.)
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Carmen Coppola
- R2ES Lab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy;
- CSGI, Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mordini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia, 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.)
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Gianna Reginato
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Adalgisa Sinicropi
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.S.); (L.Z.)
- R2ES Lab, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy;
- CSGI, Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zani
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.S.); (L.Z.)
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40
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Skonieczny K, Papadopoulos I, Thiel D, Gutkowski K, Haines P, McCosker PM, Laurent AD, Keller PA, Clark T, Jacquemin D, Guldi DM, Gryko DT. How To Make Nitroaromatic Compounds Glow: Next-Generation Large X-Shaped, Centrosymmetric Diketopyrrolopyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16104-16113. [PMID: 32492240 PMCID: PMC7689858 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Red‐emissive π‐expanded diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs) with fluorescence reaching λ=750 nm can be easily synthesized by a three‐step strategy involving the preparation of diketopyrrolopyrrole followed by N‐arylation and subsequent intramolecular palladium‐catalyzed direct arylation. Comprehensive spectroscopic assays combined with first‐principles calculations corroborated that both N‐arylated and fused DPPs reach a locally excited (S1) state after excitation, followed by internal conversion to states with solvent and structural relaxation, before eventually undergoing intersystem crossing. Only the structurally relaxed state is fluorescent, with lifetimes in the range of several nanoseconds and tens of picoseconds in nonpolar and polar solvents, respectively. The lifetimes correlate with the fluorescence quantum yields, which range from 6 % to 88 % in nonpolar solvents and from 0.4 % and 3.2 % in polar solvents. A very inefficient (T1) population is responsible for fluorescence quantum yields as high as 88 % for the fully fused DPP in polar solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Skonieczny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilias Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Gutkowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Philipp Haines
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick M McCosker
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.,School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Adèle D Laurent
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR, 6230, Nantes, France
| | - Paul A Keller
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR, 6230, Nantes, France
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
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41
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Skonieczny K, Papadopoulos I, Thiel D, Gutkowski K, Haines P, McCosker PM, Laurent AD, Keller PA, Clark T, Jacquemin D, Guldi DM, Gryko DT. How To Make Nitroaromatic Compounds Glow: Next‐Generation Large X‐Shaped, Centrosymmetric Diketopyrrolopyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Skonieczny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Ilias Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | | | - Philipp Haines
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Patrick M. McCosker
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nägelsbachstrasse 25 91052 Erlangen Germany
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | | | - Paul A. Keller
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nägelsbachstrasse 25 91052 Erlangen Germany
| | | | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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42
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Kato Y, Iijima K, Yoo D, Kawamoto T, Mori T. Ambipolar Transistor Properties of N 2S 2-Type Metal Complexes. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kato
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kodai Iijima
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Dongho Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kawamoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Takehiko Mori
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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43
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Xu Y, Zheng J, Lindner JO, Wen X, Jiang N, Hu Z, Liu L, Huang F, Würthner F, Xie Z. Consecutive Charging of a Perylene Bisimide Dye by Multistep Low-Energy Solar-Light-Induced Electron Transfer Towards H 2 Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10363-10367. [PMID: 32208545 PMCID: PMC7317913 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A photocatalytic system containing a perylene bisimide (PBI) dye as a photosensitizer anchored to titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanoparticles through carboxyl groups was constructed. Under solar-light irradiation in the presence of sacrificial triethanolamine (TEOA) in neutral and basic conditions (pH 8.5), a reaction cascade is initiated in which the PBI molecule first absorbs green light, giving the formation of a stable radical anion (PBI.- ), which in a second step absorbs near-infrared light, forming a stable PBI dianion (PBI2- ). Finally, the dianion absorbs red light and injects an electron into the TiO2 nanoparticle that is coated with platinum co-catalyst for hydrogen evolution. The hydrogen evolution rates (HERs) are as high as 1216 and 1022 μmol h-1 g-1 with simulated sunlight irradiation in neutral and basic conditions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Xu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Joachim O. Lindner
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems ChemistryUniversität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Xinbo Wen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Nianqiang Jiang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems ChemistryUniversität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
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44
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Konarev DV, Kuzmin AV, Batov MS, Khasanov SS, Otsuka A, Yamochi H, Kitagawa H, Lyubovskaya RN. Strong magnetic coupling of spins in Fe(ii) dimers with differently charged thioindigo ligands. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7692-7696. [PMID: 32495783 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01262a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A first coordination {[2.2.2]cryptand(K+)}2{FeII(TI˙-)(TI2-)}2·2C6H4Cl2 (1) complex of iron(ii) containing radical anions and dianions of thioindigo (TI) was obtained. The complex has two high-spin FeII centers bound by two oxygen atoms, and the TI˙- radical anions are coordinated to each FeII. As a result, the 4-spin system consisting of TI˙- (S = 1/2)-FeII (S = 2)-FeII (S = 2)-TI˙- (S = 1/2) coupled spins is formed within a dimer with strong FeII-FeII (J = -51.1 cm-1) and weaker FeII-TI˙- interactions of (J = -35.4 cm-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V Konarev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432, Russia.
| | - Alexey V Kuzmin
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Batov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432, Russia. and M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Salavat S Khasanov
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432, Russia
| | - Akihiro Otsuka
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamochi
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Rimma N Lyubovskaya
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432, Russia.
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45
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Xu Y, Zheng J, Lindner JO, Wen X, Jiang N, Hu Z, Liu L, Huang F, Würthner F, Xie Z. Consecutive Charging of a Perylene Bisimide Dye by Multistep Low‐Energy Solar‐Light‐Induced Electron Transfer Towards H
2
Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Xu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Joachim O. Lindner
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Xinbo Wen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Nianqiang Jiang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
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46
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Koehler M, Farka D, Yumusak C, Serdar Sariciftci N, Hinterdorfer P. Localizing Binding Sites on Bioconjugated Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Semiconductors at the Nanoscale. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:659-666. [PMID: 31867830 PMCID: PMC7187352 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201901064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen‐bonded organic semiconductors are extraordinarily stable organic solids forming stable, large crystallites with the ability to preserve favorable electrical properties upon bioconjugation. Lately, tremendous efforts have been made to use these bioconjugated semiconductors as platforms for stable multifunctional bioelectronics devices, yet the detailed characterization of bio‐active binding sites (orientation, density, etc.) at the nanoscale has not been achieved yet. The presented work investigates the bioconjugation of epindolidione and quinacridone, two representative semiconductors, with respect to their exposed amine‐functionalities. Relying on the biotin‐avidin lock‐and‐key system and applying the atomic force microscopy (AFM) derivative topography and recognition (TREC) imaging, we used activated biotin to flag crystal‐faces with exposed amine functional groups. Contrary to previous studies, biotin bonds were found to be stable towards removal by autolysis. The resolution strength and clear recognition capability makes TREC‐AFM a valuable tool in the investigation of bio‐conjugated, hydrogen‐bonded semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Koehler
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020, Linz, Austria.,Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Dominik Farka
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040, Linz, Austria.,Institute of Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Cigdem Yumusak
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Peter Hinterdorfer
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020, Linz, Austria
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47
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Modsiri S, Pongmaneerat P, Tawil S, Promarak V, Thamyongkit P. Highly Soluble Indigo Derivatives as Practical Diesel Absorption Markers. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6039-6044. [PMID: 32226885 PMCID: PMC7098005 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the practical production of novel indigo derivatives from commercially available and economically friendly indigo and investigation for their potential use as diesel markers. Introduction of solubilizing long alkyl chains into an indigo molecule via formation of arylimino moieties at its carbonyl sites and amidation at its amino groups greatly enhances the solubility in diesel and several common organic solvents. Effects of the number and position of the alkyl chains on the absorption behavior of the compounds are discussed. Because of their superior absorption in a region where the diesel cannot absorb, indigo N-arylimine and N-monoacyl-substituted indigo derivatives can serve as diesel absorption markers at detection wavelengths of 590 and 575 nm, respectively. UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis suggested that this target marker is stable in diesel for at least 3 months under ambient conditions. Furthermore, physical testing according to the American Society for Testing and Materials standards indicates that addition of these markers at a concentration of 5 ppm does not significantly affect the physical properties of the original diesel, thus confirming the applicability of these compounds for marking of commercial diesels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucheera Modsiri
- Program
in Petrochemistry and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Prapinporn Pongmaneerat
- Program
in Petrochemistry and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sumana Tawil
- Program
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department
of Material Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and
Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of
Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Patchanita Thamyongkit
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn
University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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48
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Yee N, Dadvand A, Perepichka DF. Serendipitous Formation of Semiconducting Semi-Nindigo Indigoid by the Degradation of Diindolopyrrole. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5073-5077. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Yee
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Afshin Dadvand
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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49
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Yuvaraja S, Nawaz A, Liu Q, Dubal D, Surya SG, Salama KN, Sonar P. Organic field-effect transistor-based flexible sensors. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:3423-3460. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00811j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Flexible transistors are the next generation sensing technology, due to multiparametric analysis, reduced complexity, biocompatibility, lightweight with tunable optoelectronic properties. We summarize multitude of applications realized with OFETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Yuvaraja
- Sensors Lab
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Nawaz
- Departamento de Física
- Universidade Federal do Paraná
- Caixa Postal 19044
- Curitiba
- Brazil
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Deepak Dubal
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
- Centre for Materials Science
| | - Sandeep G. Surya
- Sensors Lab
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled N. Salama
- Sensors Lab
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant Sonar
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
- Centre for Materials Science
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50
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Wen Z, Wu JIC. Antiaromaticity gain increases the potential for n-type charge transport in hydrogen-bonded π-conjugated cores. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2008-2011. [PMID: 31961352 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09670a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory computations suggest that formally non-aromatic organic dyes, like diketopyrrolopyrrole, naphthodipyrrolidone, indigo, and isoindigo, show increased [4n] π-antiaromatic character and decreased LUMO orbital energies upon hydrogen bonding, making them suitable molecular candidates for applications in n-type organic field effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Wen
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, USA.
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