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Zhang L, Deng D, Lu K, Wei Z. Optimization of Charge Management and Energy Loss in All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2302915. [PMID: 37399575 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
All-small-molecule organic solar cells (ASM-OSCs) have received tremendous attention in recent decades because of their advantages over their polymer counterparts. These advantages include well-defined chemical structures, easy purification, and negligible batch-to-batch variation. Remarkable progress with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 17% has recently been achieved with improved charge management (FF × JSC) and reduced energy loss (Eloss). Morphology control is the key factor in the progress of ASM-OSCs, which remains a significant challenge because of the similarities in the molecular structures of the donors and acceptors. In this review, the effective strategies for charge management and/or Eloss reduction from the perspective of effective morphology control are summarized. The aim is to provide practical insights and guidance for material design and device optimization to promote further development of ASM-OSCs to a level where they can compete with or even surpass the efficiency of polymer solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dan Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Kun Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
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2
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Zhu Q, Xu J. High efficiency double light-emitting layer sky blue phosphor organic light-emitting diode with slow emission efficiency attenuation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22428. [PMID: 38034767 PMCID: PMC10687233 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, by doping the iridium (III) double ((4,6-difluorobenzene) -pyridine-N, C2'Pyridinformate (FIrpic) into 4,4', 4″ three (carbazole) trioxilamine (TcTa) and 9 (4 tert-butyl-benzene) -3,6 double (triphenylsilyl) -9H carbazole (CzSi) layers as light emitting layers (EMLs) to achieve sky blue phosphor organic electroluminescence (EL) devices with very low efficiency roll-off. The dependence of the EL performance on the doping concentration of the light-emitting molecules and the different EML thicknesses are studied in detail. Experimental data show that the thin-film-doped TcTa layer is very important for the efficiency of the device. Finally, the optimal device achieves extremely high power efficiency, current efficiency, and external quantum efficiency (EQE), reaching 74.82 lm/W, 66.68 cd/A, and 31.9 %, respectively. At a certain luminance of 2000 cd/m2 (3.4 V), the same device retained power efficiency with current efficiency and external quantum efficiency of 57.71 lm/W, 62.46 cd/A and 29.3 %, respectively, based on theoretical discussion, the improved EL efficiency was attributed to the energy levels of the host and luminescent molecules, which helps to balance the charge carrier in the emitter molecule distribution and expand the recombination region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhu
- School Electronics and Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic Institute, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Jinglin Xu
- School Electronics and Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic Institute, Nanyang, 473000, China
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3
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Weng S, Zhao M, Jiang D, Liang Q. Broadband Organic Ternary Bulk Heterojunctions Photodetector Based on Non-Fullerene Acceptor with Enhanced Flat-Spectrum Response Range from 200 to 1100 nm. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10577-10588. [PMID: 36346672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Both flat-spectrum responsivity and high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of bulk heterojunction organic photodetectors (BHJ OPDs) are greatly in demand and still challenging to realize from the ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR) regions. In this article, conjugated polymer donor poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and PTB7-Th are blended with a low band gap nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) IEICO-4F to form a ternary BHJ active layer, thereby forming a BHJ OPD with a broadband responsivity spectrum from UV to visible light to NIR region (200-1100 nm). Under 6 V voltage and in the range from 280 to 810 nm, the ternary BHJ OPD shows a relatively flat responsivity spectrum, and the highest responsivity is 1.348 A/W, which is 1.34 times that of the binary BHJ OPD. Specifically, the ternary BHJ OPD achieved the highest EQE at 285 nm and as high as 449.31%. In addition, the ternary OPD detectivity (D*) is 2.65 times that of the binary BHJ OPD. Therefore, ternary BHJ as an active layer provides an effective method to develop BHJ OPDs with an expanded response range, higher responsivity, improved EQE, and broadband spectrum with flat spectral response from the UV to NIR region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Weng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun130022, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Man Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun130022, China
| | - Dayong Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun130022, China
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun130022, China
| | - Qingcheng Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun130022, China
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4
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Zhao C, Wang J, Zhao X, Du Z, Yang R, Tang J. Recent advances, challenges and prospects in ternary organic solar cells. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:2181-2208. [PMID: 33480942 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07788g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has seen a tremendous development of organic solar cells (OSCs). To date, high-performance OSCs have boosted power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) over 17%, showing bright prospects toward commercial applications. Compared with binary OSCs, ternary OSCs, by introducing a third component as a second donor or acceptor into the active layer, have great potential in realizing outstanding photovoltaic performance. Herein, a comprehensive review of the recent advances of ternary solar cells is presented. According to the chemical components of active layer materials, we classify the ternary systems into four categories, including polymer/small molecule/small molecule, polymer/polymer/small molecule, all-polymer and all-small-molecule types. The relationships among the photovoltaic materials structure and weight ratio, active layer morphology and photovoltaic performance are systematically analyzed and summarized. The features and design strategies of each category are also discussed and summarized. Key issues and challenges faced in ternary OSCs are pointed out, and potential strategies and solutions are proposed. This review may provide guidance for the field of ternary OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhao
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Jiuxing Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xuanyi Zhao
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zhonglin Du
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Renqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Sci. & Tech. Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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5
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Zhao D, Jia P, Li L, Tang Y, Cui Q, Zhan C, Hou Y, Hu Y, Lou Z, Teng F. Improving ternary blend morphology by adding a conjugated molecule into non-fullerene polymer solar cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43508-43513. [PMID: 35519664 PMCID: PMC9058428 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08090j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of ternary polymer solar cells (PSCs) is a promising strategy to enhance photovoltaic performance while improving the fill factor (FF) of a device, but is still a challenge due to the complicated morphology. Herein, ternary PSCs are fabricated via adding the conjugated small molecule p-DTS(FBTTh2)2 into a well-known blended film, PTB7-Th:IEICO-4F. The ternary blend morphology and device characterization reveal that the addition of p-DTS(FBTTh2)2 can improve crystallinity and optimize morphology, leading to the FF of the optimized device increasing to 73.69%. In combination with the advantages of an ultra-narrow bandgap material, IEICO-4F, with a broad optical absorption spectrum, the optimized ternary solar cell exhibits a high short-circuit current–density (JSC) of 25.22 mA cm−2. The best power conversion efficiency (PCE) is 12.84% for this optimized ternary device with 10 wt% p-DTS(FBTTh2)2 in the donors. This work indicates that incorporating a small molecule with high crystallinity into host binary non-fullerene PSCs would give an active layer with high crystallinity, thus greatly enhancing the FFs and PCEs of PSCs. The use of ternary polymer solar cells (PSCs) is a promising strategy to enhance photovoltaic performance while improving the fill factor (FF) of a device, but is still a challenge due to the complicated morphology.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China
| | - Pengcheng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China
| | - Yang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China
| | - Qiuhong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yanbing Hou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China
| | - Yufeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China
| | - Zhidong Lou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China
| | - Feng Teng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China
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6
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Li D, Zhu L, Liu X, Xiao W, Yang J, Ma R, Ding L, Liu F, Duan C, Fahlman M, Bao Q. Enhanced and Balanced Charge Transport Boosting Ternary Solar Cells Over 17% Efficiency. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002344. [PMID: 32686255 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ternary architecture is one of the most effective strategies to boost the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, an OSC with a ternary architecture featuring a highly crystalline molecular donor DRTB-T-C4 as a third component to the host binary system consisting of a polymer donor PM6 and a nonfullerene acceptor Y6 is reported. The third component is used to achieve enhanced and balanced charge transport, contributing to an improved fill factor (FF) of 0.813 and yielding an impressive PCE of 17.13%. The heterojunctions are designed using so-called pinning energies to promote exciton separation and reduce recombination loss. In addition, the preferential location of DRTB-T-C4 at the interface between PM6 and Y6 plays an important role in optimizing the morphology of the active layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Department of Electronic Science, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Xianjie Liu
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, ITN, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | - Wei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Department of Electronic Science, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Department of Electronic Science, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Ruru Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Department of Electronic Science, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Liming Ding
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Chungang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Department of Electronic Science, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, P. R. China
| | - Mats Fahlman
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, ITN, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | - Qinye Bao
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Department of Electronic Science, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, P. R. China
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7
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Ashokan A, Wang T, Coropceanu V, Brédas J. Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: Insight into Ternary Blends from a Characterization of the Intermolecular Packing and Electronic Properties in the Corresponding Binary Blends. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajith Ashokan
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE)Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332‐0400 USA
| | - Tonghui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE)Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332‐0400 USA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721‐0088 USA
| | - Veaceslav Coropceanu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE)Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332‐0400 USA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721‐0088 USA
| | - Jean‐Luc Brédas
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE)Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332‐0400 USA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721‐0088 USA
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8
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Ren M, Zhang G, Chen Z, Xiao J, Jiao X, Zou Y, Yip HL, Cao Y. High-Performance Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Controllable Morphology via Sequential Layer-by-Layer Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:13077-13086. [PMID: 32079401 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b23011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ternary blending of light-harvesting materials has been proven to be a potential strategy to improve the efficiency of solution-processed organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the optimization of a ternary system is usually more complicated than that of a binary one as the morphology of conventional ternary blend films is very difficult to control, thus undermining the potential of ternary OSCs. Herein, we report a general strategy for better control of the morphology of ternary blend films composed of a polymer donor and two nonfullerene small-molecule acceptors for high-performance OSCs using the sequential layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition method. The resulting LbL films form a bicontinuous interpenetrating network structure with high crystallinity of both the donor and acceptor materials, showing efficient charge generation, transport, and collection properties. In addition, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the ternary LbL OSCs are less sensitive to the blending ratio of the third component acceptor, providing more room to optimize the device performance. As a result, optimal PCEs of over 11, 13, and 16% were achieved for the LbL OSCs composed of PffBT4T-2OD/IEICO-4F:FBR, PBDB-T-SF/IT-4F:FBR, and PM6/Y6:FBR, respectively. Our work provides useful and general guidelines for the development of more efficient ternary OSCs with better controlled morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minrun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Device, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Device, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Guichuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Device, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Device, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- Innovation Center of Print Photovoltaics, South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Device, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Device, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jingyang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Device, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Device, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xuechen Jiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Yingping Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Device, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Device, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- Innovation Center of Print Photovoltaics, South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Device, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Device, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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9
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Ko J, Kim Y, Kang JS, Berger R, Yoon H, Char K. Enhanced Vertical Charge Transport of Homo- and Blended Semiconducting Polymers by Nanoconfinement. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1908087. [PMID: 31984584 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201908087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of conjugated polymers has critical influences on electronic and optical properties of optoelectronic devices. Even though lots of techniques and methods are suggested to control the morphology of polymers, very few studies have been performed inducing high charge transport along out-of-plane direction. In this study, the self-assembly of homo- and blended conjugated polymers which are confined in nanostructures is utilized. The resulting structures lead to high charge mobility along vertical direction for both homo- and blended conjugated polymers. Both semicrystalline and amorphous polymers show highly increased population of face-on crystallite despite intrinsic crystallinity of polymers. They result in more than two orders of magnitude enhanced charge mobility along vertical direction revealed by nanoscale conductive scanning force microscopy and macroscale IV characteristic measurements. Moreover, blends of semicrystalline and amorphous polymers, which are known to show inferior optical and electrical properties due to their structural incompatibility, are formed into harmonious states by this approach. Assembly of blends of semicrystalline and amorphous polymers under nanoconfinement shows charge mobility in out-of-plane direction of 0.73 cm2 V-1 s-1 with wide range of absorption wavelength from 300 to 750 nm demonstrating the synergistic effects of two different polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongkuk Ko
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Youngkeol Kim
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jin Soo Kang
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hyunsik Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Korea
| | - Kookheon Char
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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10
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Benzothiadiazole Based Cascade Material to Boost the Performance of Inverted Ternary Organic Solar Cells. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13020450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A conjugated, ladder-type multi-fused ring 4,7-dithienbenzothiadiazole:thiophene derivative, named as compound ‘T’, was for the first time incorporated, within the PTB7:PC71BM photoactive layer for inverted ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs) realization. The effective energy level offset caused by compound T between the polymeric donor and fullerene acceptor materials, as well as its resulting potential as electron cascade material contribute to an enhanced exciton dissociation, electron transfer facilitator and thus improved overall photovoltaic performance. The engineering optimization of the inverted TOSC, ITO/PFN/PTB7:Compound T(5% v/v):PC71BM/MoO3/Al, resulted in an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.34%, with a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 16.75 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.74 V and a fill factor (FF) of 68.1%, under AM1.5G illumination. This photovoltaic performance was improved by approximately 12% with respect to the control binary device.
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11
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Zhou R, Jiang Z, Yang C, Yu J, Feng J, Adil MA, Deng D, Zou W, Zhang J, Lu K, Ma W, Gao F, Wei Z. All-small-molecule organic solar cells with over 14% efficiency by optimizing hierarchical morphologies. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5393. [PMID: 31772169 PMCID: PMC6879588 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The high efficiency all-small-molecule organic solar cells (OSCs) normally require optimized morphology in their bulk heterojunction active layers. Herein, a small-molecule donor is designed and synthesized, and single-crystal structural analyses reveal its explicit molecular planarity and compact intermolecular packing. A promising narrow bandgap small-molecule with absorption edge of more than 930 nm along with our home-designed small molecule is selected as electron acceptors. To the best of our knowledge, the binary all-small-molecule OSCs achieve the highest efficiency of 14.34% by optimizing their hierarchical morphologies, in which the donor or acceptor rich domains with size up to ca. 70 nm, and the donor crystals of tens of nanometers, together with the donor-acceptor blending, are proved coexisting in the hierarchical large domain. All-small-molecule photovoltaic system shows its promising for high performance OSCs, and our study is likely to lead to insights in relations between bulk heterojunction structure and photovoltaic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Zhou
- CAS key laboratory of nanosystem and hierarchical fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.,Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhaoyan Jiang
- CAS key laboratory of nanosystem and hierarchical fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Yang
- CAS key laboratory of nanosystem and hierarchical fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jirui Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Muhammad Abdullah Adil
- CAS key laboratory of nanosystem and hierarchical fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Deng
- CAS key laboratory of nanosystem and hierarchical fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Zou
- CAS key laboratory of nanosystem and hierarchical fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS key laboratory of nanosystem and hierarchical fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Lu
- CAS key laboratory of nanosystem and hierarchical fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS key laboratory of nanosystem and hierarchical fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
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12
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Wu W, Wu H, Zhong M, Guo S. Dual Role of Graphene Quantum Dots in Active Layer of Inverted Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaic Devices. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:16159-16165. [PMID: 31592136 PMCID: PMC6777089 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have shown broad application prospects in the field of photovoltaic devices due to their unique quantum confinement and edge effects. Here, we prepared GQDs by a photon-Fenton reaction as reported in our previous work, which has great advantage in the preparation scale. The photoelectric properties of the inverted hybrid solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT):(6,6)-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methylester (PCBM):GQDs and P3HT:GQDs with different contents of GQDs as the active layers are demonstrated, as well as their morphology and structure by atomic force microscopy images. Then, the different roles of GQDs played in the ternary (P3HT:PCBM:GQDs) and binary (P3HT:GQDs) hybrid solar cells are studied systematically. The results indicate that the GQDs provide an efficient excition separation interface and charge transport channel for the improvement of hybrid solar cells. The preliminary exploration and elaboration of the role of GQDs in hybrid solar cells will be beneficial to understand the interfacial procedure and improve device performance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentian Wu
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- Department
of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Wu
- Department
of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhong
- Department
of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shouwu Guo
- Department
of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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13
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Li W, Liu W, Zhang X, Yan D, Liu F, Zhan C. Quaternary Solar Cells with 12.5% Efficiency Enabled with Non‐Fullerene and Fullerene Acceptor Guests to Improve Open Circuit Voltage and Film Morphology. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900353. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceInner Mongolia Normal University Huhhot 010022 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Wenxu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Dong Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center for Advanced Electronic Materials and DevicesShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceInner Mongolia Normal University Huhhot 010022 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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14
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Cao X, Zhao K, Chen L, Liu J, Han Y. Conjugated polymer single crystals and nanowires. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxiu Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan P. R. China
| | - Kefeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China
| | - Yanchun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China
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15
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Lee J, Lee SM, Chen S, Kumari T, Kang SH, Cho Y, Yang C. Organic Photovoltaics with Multiple Donor-Acceptor Pairs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1804762. [PMID: 30444544 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Compared with conventional organic solar cells (OSCs) based on single donor-acceptor pairs, terpolymer- and ternary-based OSCs featuring multiple donor-acceptor pairs are promising strategies for enhancing the performance while maintaining an easy and simple synthetic process. Using multiple donor-acceptor pairs in the active layer, the key photovoltaic parameters (i.e., short-circuit current density, open-circuit voltage, and fill factor) governing the OSC characteristics can be simultaneously or individually improved by positive changes in light-harvesting ability, molecular energy levels, and blend morphology. Here, these three major contributions are discussed with the aim of offering in-depth insights in combined terpolymers and ternary systems. Recent exemplary cases of OSCs with multiple donor-acceptor pairs are summarized and more advanced research and perspectives for further developments in this field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungho Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Sang Myeon Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Tanya Kumari
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - So-Huei Kang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Yongjoon Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
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16
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Cui Y, Yao H, Hong L, Zhang T, Xu Y, Xian K, Gao B, Qin J, Zhang J, Wei Z, Hou J. Achieving Over 15% Efficiency in Organic Photovoltaic Cells via Copolymer Design. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1808356. [PMID: 30779391 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201808356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ternary blending and copolymerization strategies have proven advantageous in boosting the photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells. Here, 15% efficiency solar cells using copolymerization donors are demonstrated, where the electron-withdrawing unit, ester-substituted thiophene, is incorporated into a PBDB-TF polymer to downshift the molecular energy and broaden the absorption. Copolymer-based solar cells suitable for large-area devices can be fabricated by a blade-coating method from a nonhalogen and nonaromatic solvent mixture. Although ternary solar cells can achieve comparable efficiencies, they are not suitable for environment-friendly processing conditions and show relatively low photostability compared to copolymer-based devices. These results not only demonstrate high-efficiency organic photovoltaic cells via copolymerization strategies but also provide important insights into their applications in practical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ling Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ye Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kaihu Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bowei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jinzhao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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17
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Yan D, Xin J, Li W, Liu S, Wu H, Ma W, Yao J, Zhan C. 13%-Efficiency Quaternary Polymer Solar Cell with Nonfullerene and Fullerene as Mixed Electron Acceptor Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:766-773. [PMID: 30525389 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report 13%-efficiency quaternary polymer solar cell. By introducing bis-PC71BM:PC71BM into a known nonfullerene system-poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl))benzo[1,2- b:4,5- b']dithiophene)- co-(1,3-di(5-thiophene-2-yl)-5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1,2- c:4,5- c']dithiophene-4,8-dione):3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone-methyl))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4- n-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3 d:2',3' d']- s-indaceno[1,2 b:5,6 b']dithiophene (PBDB-T:IT-M), the quaternary solar cell significantly outperforms the nonfullerene binary and the ternary (PBDB-T:IT-M:fullerene) devices with a significant increase in the short-circuit current-density (18.2 vs 16.5 and 16.8-17.5 mA/cm2) and the fill factor (0.73 vs 0.67 and 0.707-0.726), and hence, large power conversion efficiency (13% for quaternary vs 11% for the binary and 12% for the ternary). Grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering data indicate that both the polymer and IT-M phase crystallinity becomes greater upon introduction of PC71BM as the forth additive into the host ternary PBDB-T:IT-M:bis-PC71BM, which results in an increase in both the electron and hole mobilities, contributing to the Jsc enhancement. Our results indicate that the use of the forth fullerene component provides more choices and more mechanisms than the ternary systems for tuning the photon-to-electron conversion; therefore, sheds light on the realization of high-efficiency polymer solar cells by designing the multiacceptor components with aligned energy levels, complementary absorption spectra, and improved film morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- College of Chemical Science , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Weiping Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- College of Chemical Science , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Sha Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- College of Chemical Science , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- College of Chemical Science , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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18
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Lakhotiya G, Belsare N, Arbuj S, Kale B, Rana A. Enhanced performance of PTB7-Th:PCBM based active layers in ternary organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:7457-7463. [PMID: 35519996 PMCID: PMC9061204 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08919a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims at understanding the role of incorporating Cu2S nanocrystals (NCs) as a third component in ternary organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govinda Lakhotiya
- Department of Physics
- Jankidevi Bajaj College of Science
- Wardha 442001
- India
- Department of Physics
| | - Namdeo Belsare
- Department of Physics
- Vidyabharati Mahavidyalaya
- Amravati 444602
- India
| | - Sudhir Arbuj
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Bharat Kale
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Abhimanyu Rana
- School of Engineering and Technology
- BML Munjal University
- Gurgaon 122413
- India
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19
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Dayneko SV, Hendsbee AD, Cann JR, Cabanetos C, Welch GC. Ternary organic solar cells: using molecular donor or acceptor third components to increase open circuit voltage. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01574d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of donor or acceptor type molecular semiconductors to PBDB-T:PC60BM based organic photovoltaics leads to increases in open circuit-voltages and overall power conversion efficiencies.
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20
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Sahu D, Kar AK, Pattanaik AK, Sreekanth PSR, Badgayan ND. Synthesis and applications of thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione based linear to star-burst novel D–A conjugated oligomers for organic photovoltaics. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-018-0025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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21
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Zhang L, Xu X, Lin B, Zhao H, Li T, Xin J, Bi Z, Qiu G, Guo S, Zhou K, Zhan X, Ma W. Achieving Balanced Crystallinity of Donor and Acceptor by Combining Blade-Coating and Ternary Strategies in Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1805041. [PMID: 30368963 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As a prototype tool for slot-die coating, blade-coating exhibits excellent compatibility with large-area roll-to-roll coating. A ternary organic solar cell based on PBDB-T:PTB7-Th:FOIC blends is fabricated by blade-coating and exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 12.02%, which is one of the highest values for the printed organic solar cells in ambient environment. It is demonstrated that blade-coating can enhance crystallization of these three materials, but the degree of induction is different (FOIC > PBDB-T > PTB7-Th). Thus, the blade-coated PBDB-T:FOIC device presents much higher electron mobility than hole mobility due to the very high crystallinity of FOIC. Upon the addition of PTB7-Th into the blade-coated PBDB-T:FOIC blends, the crystallinity of FOIC decreases together with the corresponding electron mobility, due to the better miscibility between PTB7-Th and FOIC. The ternary strategy not only maintains the well-matched crystallinity and mobilities, but also increases the photocurrent with complementary light absorption as well as the Förster resonant energy transfer. Furthermore, small domains with homogeneously distributed nanofibers are observed in favor of the exciton dissociation and charge transport. This combination of blade-coating and ternary strategies exhibits excellent synergistic effect in optimizing morphology, showing great potential in the large-area fabrication of highly efficient organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xianbin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Baojun Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhaozhao Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Guanxian Qiu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Shengwei Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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22
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Lin H, Du X, Li L, Zheng C, Tao S. Pyrene-Imidazole Based Aggregation Modifier Leads to Enhancement in Efficiency and Environmental Stability for Ternary Organic Solar Cells. Front Chem 2018; 6:578. [PMID: 30547027 PMCID: PMC6279851 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel pyrene-imidazole derivative (PyPI), which can form effcient π-π stacking in solid film, has been utilized in organic solar cells (OSCs). The stacking of small a molecule PyPI can facilitate a charge transfer and suppress fullerene aggregation. As a result, PTB7-Th: PyPI: PC71BM based ternary OSC exhibits a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.36%, which presents a 15.88% increase from the binary device (8.94%). Concurrently, the ternary OSC shows a much better thermal and light illumination stability. Under continuous 60°C annealing for 3 h, in atmosphere, the device still remains at 94.13% efficiency more than the pristine state, while the control device remains at 52.47% PCE. Constant illumination under Air Mass (AM) 1.5G irradiation (100 mW cm−2) in atmosphere, the PCE of OSC remains at 72.50%. The high conversion efficiency and excellent environmental stability of the PyPI based ternary OSC, has narrowed the gap between laboratory investigation and industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lin
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyang Du
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Caijun Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Silu Tao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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23
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Chen X, Lai J, Shen Y, Chen Q, Chen L. Functional Scanning Force Microscopy for Energy Nanodevices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1802490. [PMID: 30133000 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201802490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Energy nanodevices, including energy conversion and energy storage devices, have become a major cross-disciplinary field in recent years. These devices feature long-range electron and ion transport coupled with chemical transformation, which call for novel characterization tools to understand device operation mechanisms. In this context, recent developments in functional scanning force microscopy techniques and their application in thin-film photovoltaic devices and lithium batteries are reviewed. The advantages of scanning force microscopy, such as high spatial resolution, multimodal imaging, and the possibility of in situ and in operando imaging, are emphasized. The survey indicates that functional scanning force microscopy is making significant contributions in understanding materials and interfaces in energy nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Junqi Lai
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yanbin Shen
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Qi Chen
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, 230026, China
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24
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Du X, Lin H, Chen X, Tao S, Zheng C, Zhang X. Ternary organic solar cells with a phase-modulated surface distribution via the addition of a small molecular luminescent dye to obtain a high efficiency over 10.5. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:16455-16467. [PMID: 30152834 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04335c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of a ternary organic component is an effective strategy to enhance the performance of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). In this study, a small molecule luminescent dye, C545T, was first doped into blends of PTB7-Th/PC71BM and PTB7/PC71BM as a third component to fabricate ternary OSCs. It is demonstrated that C545T can disrupt the severe vertical distribution in the binary blend and effectively modulate the novel surface chemical configuration by improving the self-assembly process of the polymer donor, as a result of the good miscibility among the active layer materials and the π-π interactions between PC71BM and C545T. The obtained homogeneously bicontinuous BHJ with numerous interpenetrating nanofibers optimizes the domain size of exciton diffusion and the length of charge transfer. The energy transfer between C545T and polymers changes the transmission path of photo-generated excitons, which together improve the exciton dissociation process and reduce the recombination loss. Champion power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 10.69% and 9.42% were achieved by the ternary blends of PTB7-Th/C545T/PC71BM and PTB7/C545T/PC71BM, respectively, which correspond to a nearly 20% enhancement over their binary counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Du
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
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25
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Li W, Yan D, Liu F, Russell T, Zhan C, Yao J. High-efficiency quaternary polymer solar cells enabled with binary fullerene additives to reduce nonfullerene acceptor optical band gap and improve carriers transport. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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26
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Xiao M, Zhang K, Dong S, Yin Q, Liu Z, Liu L, Huang F, Cao Y. High-Performance Ternary Nonfullerene Polymer Solar Cells with Both Improved Photon Harvesting and Device Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:25594-25603. [PMID: 29992809 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficiency and stability of polymer solar cells (PSCs) are the two most significant decisive factors for the purpose of actual applications. Here, highly efficient and stable ternary PSCs were fabricated by incorporating two well-compatible polymer donors (poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2- b;4,5- b0]dithiophene-2,6-diyl- alt-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4- b]thiophene-)-2-carboxylate-2-6-diyl] and poly[[9-(1-octylnonyl)-9 H-carbazole-2,7-diyl]-2,5-thiophenediyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4,7-diyl-2,5-thiophenediyl]) with one narrow band gap nonfullerene acceptor (3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone)-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3- d:2',3'- d']- s-indaceno[1,2- b:5,6- b']dithiophene)). It is found that Förster resonance energy transfer acts as an efficient pathway to further strengthen photon harvesting in this ternary system, which results in a significant improvement in current density ( JSC) without sacrificing the strong absorption of binary blends in the near-infrared region. Meanwhile, both of the inverted and conventional ternary PSCs exhibit better stability compared with the related binary PSCs in air condition because of the interlocked morphology in ternary films. The optimized ternary PSCs exhibit an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.53% resulting from the synchronous improvements in JSC and fill factor. Moreover, this ternary strategy can be further confirmed by the use of an ultranarrow-band gap nonfullerene acceptor IEICO-4F, and the champion PCE of ternary PSCs reaches to 12.15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjun Xiao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Sheng Dong
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Qingwu Yin
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Zixian Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Liqian Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, and School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
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27
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Dayneko SV, Payne AJ, Welch GC. Inverted P3HT:PC61BM organic solar cells incorporating a π-extended squaraine dye with H- and (or) J-aggregation. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we investigated the impact of adding a large π-extended squaraine dye to the classic bulk heterojunction P3HT:PC61BM system. The compound, SQIQ-A, is a bis-indole squaraine dye appended with acetylene-indoloquinoxaline end-capping units that exhibits strong optical absorption in thin film from 650 to 750 nm, beyond the absorption wavelength cut-off for P3HT:PC61BM films (ca. ∼650 nm). The dye SQIQ-A can form H- or J-aggregates (blue or red shifting the optical absorption profiles) via solvent vapour annealing with CHCl3 or THF, respectively, thus providing a simple method to control the morphology and optical properties of the molecule. Ternary blended films composed of P3HT:PC61BM:SQIQ-A (1:1:0.3 mass ratio) were investigated as-cast, after solvent vapour annealing, and after thermal annealing. Films were characterized using optical absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and polarized light microscopy. Solar cells were fabricated using an inverted architecture in air and analysed using current–voltage and external quantum efficiency measurements. It was found that solar cells thermally annealed at 130 °C for 10 min gave good power conversion efficiencies of 3%, similar to the control P3HT:PC61BM but with improved fill factors and noticeable photocurrent generation from 650 to 760 nm where the SQIQ-A molecule absorbs. Exposure to solvent vapour (CHCl3 or THF) results in aggregation of all components but specifically leads to the formation of micron-sized domains, lowering the overall photovoltaic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Dayneko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Abby-Jo Payne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Gregory C. Welch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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28
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Gao H, Sun Y, Wan X, Ke X, Feng H, Kan B, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li C, Chen Y. A New Nonfullerene Acceptor with Near Infrared Absorption for High Performance Ternary-Blend Organic Solar Cells with Efficiency over 13. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800307. [PMID: 29938192 PMCID: PMC6010751 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A new acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) type nonfullerene acceptor, 3TT-FIC, which has three fused thieno[3,2-b]thiophene as the central core and difluoro substituted indanone as the end groups, is designed and synthesized. 3TT-FIC exhibits broad and strong absorption with extended onset absorption to 995 nm and a low optical bandgap of 1.25 eV. The binary device based on 3TT-FIC and the polymer PTB7-Th exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.21% with a high short circuit current density ( Jsc) of 25.89 mA cm-2. To fine-tune the morphology and make full use of the visible region sunlight, phenyl-C71-butyricacid-methyl ester (PC71BM) is used as the third component to fabricate ternary devices. In contrast to the binary devices, the ternary blend organic solar cells show significantly enhanced EQE ranging from 300 to 700 nm and thus an improved Jsc with a high value of 27.73 mA cm-2. A high PCE with a value of 13.54% is achieved for the ternary devices, which is one of the highest efficiencies in single junction organic solar cells reported to date. The results provide valuable insight for the ternary devices in which the external quantum efficiency (EQE) induced by the third component is evidently observed and directly contributed to the enhancement of the device efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan‐Huan Gao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryCentre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Yanna Sun
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryCentre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryCentre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Xin Ke
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryCentre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Huanran Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryCentre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Bin Kan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryCentre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryCentre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryCentre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryCentre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryCentre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
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29
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Li L, Lin H, Kong X, Du X, Chen X, Zhou L, Tao S, Zheng C, Zhang X. π-π stacking induced high current density and improved efficiency in ternary organic solar cells. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:9971-9980. [PMID: 29770827 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01421c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ternary blend systems have been used to enhance the short-circuit current density (JSC) and fill factor (FF) of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, it is still a challenge to find suitable third components that concurrently possess complementary light absorption and well-matched energy levels. Here, a small organic molecule, 4,4'-(9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluorene-2,7-diyl)bis(N,N-bis(4-(pyren-1-yl)phenyl)anili-ne) (DFNPy), which contains a triphenylamine core and bulky pyrene rings, was designed and used to construct ternary blend OSCs. DFNPy shows complementary absorption spectra in the 350-450 nm shortwave band, which has seldom been reported in the field of ternary OSCs. Furthermore, the bulky pyrene rings aggregate via π-π stacking to promote charge transfer. As a result, a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.59% with an enhanced JSC of 19.72 mA cm-2 was realized in PTB7-Th:DFNPy:PC71BM-based ternary OSCs. The addition of DFNPy was found to modulate the film morphology by improving the film phase separation and crystallinity, which can facilitate charge generation and decrease charge recombination, resulting in enhanced mobility. The results demonstrate an effective strategy for improving the photovoltaic performance of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
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30
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Fang J, Deng D, Wang Z, Adil MA, Xiao T, Wang Y, Lu G, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Ma W, Wei Z. Critical Role of Vertical Phase Separation in Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:12913-12920. [PMID: 29569439 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An inverted device structure is a more stable configuration than a regular device structure for solution-processed organic solar cells (OSCs). However, most of the solution-processed small-molecule OSCs (SM-OSCs) reported in the literature used the regular device structure, and a regular device normally exhibits a higher efficiency than an inverted device. Herein, a representative small-molecule DR3TBDTT was selected to figure out the reason for photovoltaic performance differences between regular and inverted devices. The mechanisms for a reduced open-circuit voltage ( Voc) and fill factor (FF) in the inverted device were studied. The reduced Voc and FF is due to the vertical phase separation with excess [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester near the air/blend surface, which leads to a reduction in build-in voltage and unbalanced charge transport in the inverted device. Another reason for the reduced FF is the unfavorable DR3TBDTT crystallite orientation distribution along the film thickness, which is preferential edge-on crystallites in the top layer of the blend film and the increased population of face-on crystallites in the bottom layer of the blend film. This study illustrates that the morphology plays a key role in photovoltaic performance difference between regular and inverted devices and provides useful guidelines for further optimization of the morphology of solution-processed SM-OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Dan Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | | | - Muhammad Abdullah Adil
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | | | | | | | - Yajie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | | | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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31
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Yin J, Zhou W, Ai Q, Meng X, Liu S, Yu Z, Zeng J, Chen Y. DR3TBDTT Based Ternary Blends Containing Conjugated Polymers: Crystallization Determines Morphology and Performance. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Yin
- College of Chemistry; Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue; Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Weihua Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue; Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Qingyun Ai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue; Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Xiangchuan Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue; Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Siqi Liu
- College of Chemistry; Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue; Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Zoukangning Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue; Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Jianrong Zeng
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Yiwang Chen
- College of Chemistry; Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue; Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
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32
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Deng D, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wu Q, Ma W, Lu K, Wei Z. A Simple but Efficient Small Molecule with a High Open Circuit Voltage of 1.07 V in Solution-Processable Organic Solar Cells. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zaiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Xi'an jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Qiong Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Xi'an jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Kun Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
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33
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Huang W, Cheng P, Yang YM, Li G, Yang Y. High-Performance Organic Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells Based on Multiple-Donor or Multiple-Acceptor Components. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1705706. [PMID: 29333744 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) based on bulk heterojunction structures are promising candidates for next-generation solar cells. However, the narrow absorption bandwidth of organic semiconductors is a critical issue resulting in insufficient usage of the energy from the solar spectrum, and as a result, it hinders performance. Devices based on multiple-donor or multiple-acceptor components with complementary absorption spectra provide a solution to address this issue. OSCs based on multiple-donor or multiple-acceptor systems have achieved power conversion efficiencies over 12%. Moreover, the introduction of an additional component can further facilitate charge transfer and reduce charge recombination through cascade energy structure and optimized morphology. This progress report provides an overview of the recent progress in OSCs based on multiple-donor (polymer/polymer, polymer/dye, and polymer/small molecule) or multiple-acceptor (fullerene/fullerene, fullerene/nonfullerene, and nonfullerene/nonfullerene) components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Pei Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yang Michael Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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34
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Wang Z, Zhu X, Zhang J, Lu K, Fang J, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhu L, Ma W, Shuai Z, Wei Z. From Alloy-Like to Cascade Blended Structure: Designing High-Performance All-Small-Molecule Ternary Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1549-1556. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering,
Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiangwei Zhu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Kun Lu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Jin Fang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Zaiyu Wang
- State
Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Wei Ma
- State
Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - Zhigang Shuai
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering,
Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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35
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Jiang W, Yu R, Liu Z, Peng R, Mi D, Hong L, Wei Q, Hou J, Kuang Y, Ge Z. Ternary Nonfullerene Polymer Solar Cells with 12.16% Efficiency by Introducing One Acceptor with Cascading Energy Level and Complementary Absorption. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30. [PMID: 29125654 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel small-molecule acceptor, (2,2'-((5E,5'E)-5,5'-((5,5'-(4,4,9,9-tetrakis(5-hexylthiophen-2-yl)-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(4-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(methanylylidene)) bis(3-hexyl-4-oxothiazolidine-5,2-diylidene))dimalononitrile (ITCN), end-capped with electron-deficient 2-(3-hexyl-4-oxothiazolidin-2-ylidene)malononitrile groups, is designed, synthesized, and used as the third component in fullerene-free ternary polymer solar cells (PSCs). The cascaded energy-level structure enabled by the newly designed acceptor is beneficial to the carrier transport and separation. Meanwhile, the three materials show a complementary absorption in the visible region, resulting in efficient light harvesting. Hence, the PBDB-T:ITCN:IT-M ternary PSCs possess a high short-circuit current density (Jsc ) under an optimal weight ratio of donors and acceptors. Moreover, the open-circuit voltage (Voc ) of the ternary PSCs is enhanced with an increase of the third acceptor ITCN content, which is attributed to the higher lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of ITCN than that of IT-M, thus exhibits a higher Voc in PBDB-T:ITCN binary system. Ultimately, the ternary PSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency of 12.16%, which is higher than the PBDB-T:ITM-based PSCs (10.89%) and PBDB-T:ITCN-based ones (2.21%). This work provides an effective strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Jiang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Runnan Yu
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ruixiang Peng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Dongbo Mi
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ling Hong
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Kuang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
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36
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Wang Z, Han G, Zhu L, Guo Y, Yi Y, Shuai Z, Wei Z. Suppressing charge recombination in small-molecule ternary organic solar cells by modulating donor–acceptor interfacial arrangements. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24570-24576. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05178j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introducing a proper amount of the third component in ternary blend organic solar cells can result in a significant decrease of docking PC71BM with the central electron-donating unit of electron donors and thus suppress charge recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Guangchao Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Yuan Guo
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
| | - Yuanping Yi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
| | - Zhigang Shuai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
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37
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Sun Y, Guo B, Chen Y, Zhang W, Li X, Yu G, Li F. A naphthodithieno[3,2- b]thiophene-based copolymer as a novel third component in ternary polymer solar cells with a simultaneously enhanced open circuit voltage, short circuit current and fill factor. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00307f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ternary polymer solar cells with simultaneously improved VOC, JSC and FF have been achieved by doping PV12 as a third component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Biao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Youchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Fenghong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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38
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Felekidis N, Melianas A, Kemerink M. Design Rule for Improved Open-Circuit Voltage in Binary and Ternary Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:37070-37077. [PMID: 28967245 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mixing different compounds to improve functionality is one of the pillars of the organic electronics field. Here, the degree to which the charge transport properties of the constituent materials are simply additive when materials are mixed is quantified. It is demonstrated that in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells, hole mobility in the donor phase depends critically on the choice of the acceptor material, which may alter the energetic disorder of the donor. The same holds for electron mobility and disorder in the acceptor. The associated mobility differences can exceed an order of magnitude compared to pristine materials. Quantifying these effects by a state-filling model for the open-circuit voltage (VOC) of ternary Donor:Acceptor1:Acceptor2 (D:A1:A2) organic solar cells leads to a physically transparent description of the surprising, nearly linear tunability of the VOC with the A1:A2 weight ratio. It is predicted that in binary OPV systems, suitably chosen donor and acceptor materials can improve the device power conversion efficiency (PCE) by several percentage points, for example from 11 to 13.5% for a hypothetical state-of-the-art organic solar cell, highlighting the importance of this design rule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Felekidis
- Complex Materials and Devices and ‡Biomolecular and Organic Electronics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University , SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Armantas Melianas
- Complex Materials and Devices and ‡Biomolecular and Organic Electronics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University , SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Martijn Kemerink
- Complex Materials and Devices and ‡Biomolecular and Organic Electronics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University , SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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39
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Hadmojo WT, Wibowo FTA, Ryu DY, Jung IH, Jang SY. Fullerene-Free Organic Solar Cells with an Efficiency of 10.2% and an Energy Loss of 0.59 eV Based on a Thieno[3,4-c]Pyrrole-4,6-dione-Containing Wide Band Gap Polymer Donor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:32939-32945. [PMID: 28880064 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the combination of wide band gap polymer donors and narrow band gap small-molecule acceptors achieved state-of-the-art performance as bulk heterojunction (BHJ) active layers for organic solar cells, there have been only several of the wide band gap polymers that actually realized high-efficiency devices over >10%. Herein, we developed high-efficiency, low-energy-loss fullerene-free organic solar cells using a weakly crystalline wide band gap polymer donor, PBDTTPD-HT, and a nonfullerene small-molecule acceptor, ITIC. The excessive intermolecular stacking of ITIC is efficiently suppressed by the miscibility with PBDTTPD-HT, which led to a well-balanced nanomorphology in the PBDTTPD-HT/ITIC BHJ active films. The favorable optical, electronic, and energetic properties of PBDTTPD-HT with respect to ITIC achieved panchromatic photon-to-current conversion with a remarkably low energy loss (0.59 eV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisnu Tantyo Hadmojo
- Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University , 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Febrian Tri Adhi Wibowo
- Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University , 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Yeol Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hwan Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University , 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yeon Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University , 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
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40
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Chen XW, Tao SL, Fan C, Chen DC, Zhou L, Lin H, Zheng CJ, Su SJ. Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Coumarin7 as the Donor Exhibiting Greater Than 10% Power Conversion Efficiency and a High Fill Factor of 75. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:29907-29916. [PMID: 28809535 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ternary bulk heterojunction (BHJ) is a brilliant photovoltaic technology for improving the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs), because the light absorption range can be significantly extended by using multiple donors or acceptor materials. In this paper, coumarin7 (C7), a small organic molecule typical led used in organic light-emitting diodes, was initially exploited as second electron-donor component in ternary bulk heterojunction OSCs along with conventional blend system spolythieno[3,4-b]-thiophene/benzodithiophene(PTB7) and [6,6]-phenyl-C71 -butyric acid methyl(PC71 BM). A champion PCE value of 10.28% was realized in the ternary OSCs when incorporated with 10 wt % C7 doping ratio in the donors, corresponding to about 35% enhancement compared with the PTB7:PC71BM-based OSCs, a high fill factor (FF) of 75.03%, a short-circuit currentdensity (Jsc) of 18.72 mA cm-2 and an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.73 V. The enhanced performance of the ternary OSCs can be attributed to the simultaneous improvement of the FF and the Jsc. In addition to extended light absorption, a perfect nanofiber filament active layer morphology is obtained due to the good compatibility between C7 and PTB7, which facilitates the balance of charge transportation and the suppression of charge recombination. This investigation suggests that coumarin derivatives, which have completely different structure with polymer donors, can also be used to fabricate ternary solar cells and have the potential applications to obtain amazing performance after further device engineering and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dong-Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510630, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | - Shi-Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510630, P. R. China
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41
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Xiao L, Liang T, Gao K, Lai T, Chen X, Liu F, Russell TP, Huang F, Peng X, Cao Y. Ternary Solar Cells Based on Two Small Molecule Donors with Same Conjugated Backbone: The Role of Good Miscibility and Hole Relay Process. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:29917-29923. [PMID: 28809536 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) are very attractive for further enhancing the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of binary ones but still with a single active layer. However, improving the PCEs is still challenging because a ternary cell with one more component is more complicated on phase separation behavior. If the two donors or two acceptors have similar chemical structures, good miscibility can be expected to reduce the try-and-error work. Herein, we report ternary devices based on two small molecule donors with the same backbone but different substituents. Whereas both binary devices show PCEs about 9%, the PCE of the ternary cells is enhanced to 10.17% with improved fill factor and short-circuit current values and external quantum efficiencies almost in the whole absorption wavelength region from 440 to 850 nm. The same backbone enables the donors miscible at molecular level, and the donor with a higher HOMO level plays hole relay process to facilitate the charge transportation in the ternary devices. Since side-chain engineering has been well performed to tune the active materials' energy levels in OSCs, our results suggest that their ternary systems are promising for further improving the binary cells' performance although their absorptions are not complementary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Tianxiang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ke Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Tianqi Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xuebin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaobin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
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42
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Jeanbourquin XA, Rahmanudin A, Yu X, Johnson M, Guijarro N, Yao L, Sivula K. Amorphous Ternary Charge-Cascade Molecules for Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:27825-27831. [PMID: 28796490 PMCID: PMC5571830 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ternary bulk heterojunctions with cascade-type energy-level configurations are of significant interest for further improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells. However, controlling the self-assembly in solution-processed ternary blends remains a key challenge. Herein, we leverage the ability to control the crystallinity of molecular semiconductors via a spiro linker to demonstrate a simple strategy suggested to drive the self-assembly of an ideal charge-cascade morphology. Spirobifluorene (SF) derivatives with optimized energy levels from diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) or perylenediimide (PDI) components, coded as SF-(DPP)4 and SF-(PDI)4, are synthesized and investigated for application as ternary components in the host blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6]phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM). Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray/electron diffraction studies suggest that at low loadings (up to 5 wt %) the ternary component does not perturb crystallization of the donor:acceptor host blend. In photovoltaic devices, up to 36% improvement in the PCE (from 2.5% to 3.5%) is found when 1 wt % of either SF-(DPP)4 or SF-(PDI)4 is added, and this is attributed to an increase in the fill factor and open-circuit voltage, while at higher loadings, the PCE decreased because of a lower short-circuit current density. A comparison of the quantum efficiency measurements [where light absorption of SF-(DPP)4 was found to give up to 95% internal conversion] suggests that improvement due to enhanced light absorption or to better exciton harvesting via resonance energy transfer is unlikely. These data, together with the crystallinity results, support the inference that the SF compounds are excluded to the donor:acceptor interface by crystallization of the host blend. This conclusion is further supported by impedance spectroscopy and a longer measured charge-carrier lifetime in the ternary blend.
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43
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Yu R, Zhang S, Yao H, Guo B, Li S, Zhang H, Zhang M, Hou J. Two Well-Miscible Acceptors Work as One for Efficient Fullerene-Free Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1700437. [PMID: 28466960 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
High-performance ternary organic solar cells are fabricated by using a wide-bandgap polymer donor (bithienyl-benzodithiophene-alt-fluorobenzotriazole copolymer, J52) and two well-miscible nonfullerene acceptors, methyl-modified nonfullerene acceptor (IT-M) and 2,2'-((2Z,2'Z)-((5,5'-(4,4,9,9-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-4,9-dihydros-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(4-((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile (IEICO). The two acceptors with complementary absorption spectra and similar lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels show excellent compatibility in the blend due to their very similar chemical structures. Consequently, the obtained ternary organic solar cells (OSC) exhibits a high efficiency of 11.1%, with an enhanced short-circuit current density of 19.7 mA cm-2 and a fill factor of 0.668. In this ternary system, broadened absorption, similar output voltages, and compatible morphology are achieved simultaneously, demonstrating a promising strategy to further improve the performance of ternary OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runnan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bing Guo
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Sunsun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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44
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Zhu N, Zhang W, Yin Q, Liu L, Jiang X, Xie Z, Ma Y. Layer-by-Layer-Processed Ternary Organic Solar Cells Using Perylene Bisimide as a Morphology-Inducing Component. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:17265-17270. [PMID: 28468495 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A perylene bisimide (PBI-C4) with strong self-aggregation ability was used with polythieno[3,4-b]-thiophene/benzodithiophene (PTB7) to form an underlying morphology-inducing layer in organic solar cells. The PTB7:PC71BM ([6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester) spin-coated atop the preprocessed morphology-inducing thin layer showed an enhanced domain size with better phase separation compared with the conventional spin-coating of PTB7:PC71BM on ZnO directly. Proper aggregation morphology of the active layer shows higher electrical properties resulting in a 14% improvement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) (8.96% vs 7.85%). After replacing the ZnO cathode interlayer with a photoconductive interlayer (ZnO:PBI-H), a maximum PCE of 9.47% is obtained, which is among the best device performance based on PTB7:PC71BM systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qingwu Yin
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Jiang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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45
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Zhao B, Wu H, Liu S, Luo G, Wang W, Guo Z, Wei W, Gao C, An Z. Efficient alternating polymer based on benzodithiophene and di-fluorinated quinoxaline derivatives for bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Du X, Jiao X, Rechberger S, Perea JD, Meyer M, Kazerouni N, Spiecker E, Ade H, Brabec CJ, Fink RH, Ameri T. Crystallization of Sensitizers Controls Morphology and Performance in Si-/C-PCPDTBT-Sensitized P3HT:ICBA Ternary Blends. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuechen Jiao
- Department
of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7548, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Harald Ade
- Department
of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7548, United States
| | - Christoph J. Brabec
- Bavarian
Center
for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern), Haberstr. 2a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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47
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Hu Z, Ying L, Huang F, Cao Y. Towards a bright future: polymer solar cells with power conversion efficiencies over 10%. Sci China Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-016-0424-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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48
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Baran D, Ashraf RS, Hanifi DA, Abdelsamie M, Gasparini N, Röhr JA, Holliday S, Wadsworth A, Lockett S, Neophytou M, Emmott CJM, Nelson J, Brabec CJ, Amassian A, Salleo A, Kirchartz T, Durrant JR, McCulloch I. Reducing the efficiency-stability-cost gap of organic photovoltaics with highly efficient and stable small molecule acceptor ternary solar cells. NATURE MATERIALS 2017; 16:363-369. [PMID: 27869824 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Technological deployment of organic photovoltaic modules requires improvements in device light-conversion efficiency and stability while keeping material costs low. Here we demonstrate highly efficient and stable solar cells using a ternary approach, wherein two non-fullerene acceptors are combined with both a scalable and affordable donor polymer, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), and a high-efficiency, low-bandgap polymer in a single-layer bulk-heterojunction device. The addition of a strongly absorbing small molecule acceptor into a P3HT-based non-fullerene blend increases the device efficiency up to 7.7 ± 0.1% without any solvent additives. The improvement is assigned to changes in microstructure that reduce charge recombination and increase the photovoltage, and to improved light harvesting across the visible region. The stability of P3HT-based devices in ambient conditions is also significantly improved relative to polymer:fullerene devices. Combined with a low-bandgap donor polymer (PBDTTT-EFT, also known as PCE10), the two mixed acceptors also lead to solar cells with 11.0 ± 0.4% efficiency and a high open-circuit voltage of 1.03 ± 0.01 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Baran
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KSC, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- IEK5-Photovoltaics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Raja Shahid Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KSC, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - David A Hanifi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 476 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Maged Abdelsamie
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KSC, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jason A Röhr
- Department of Physics and Center of Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sarah Holliday
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Andrew Wadsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sarah Lockett
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Marios Neophytou
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KSC, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christopher J M Emmott
- Department of Physics and Center of Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jenny Nelson
- Department of Physics and Center of Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aram Amassian
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KSC, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 476 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Thomas Kirchartz
- IEK5-Photovoltaics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Faculty of Engineering and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KSC, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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49
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Zhang G, Zhang K, Yin Q, Jiang XF, Wang Z, Xin J, Ma W, Yan H, Huang F, Cao Y. High-Performance Ternary Organic Solar Cell Enabled by a Thick Active Layer Containing a Liquid Crystalline Small Molecule Donor. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:2387-2395. [PMID: 28127955 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted much research attention in the past few years, as ternary organic blends can broaden the absorption range of OSCs without the use of complicated tandem cell structures. Despite their broadened absorption range, the light harvesting capability of ternary OSCs is still limited because most ternary OSCs use thin active layers of about 100 nm in thickness, which is not sufficient to absorb all photons in their spectral range and may also cause problems for future roll-to-roll mass production that requires thick active layers. In this paper, we report a highly efficient ternary OSC (11.40%) obtained by incorporating a nematic liquid crystalline small molecule (named benzodithiophene terthiophene rhodanine (BTR)) into a state-of-the-art PTB7-Th:PC71BM binary system. The addition of BTR into PTB7-Th:PC71BM was found to improve the morphology of the blend film with decreased π-π stacking distance, enlarged coherence length, and enhanced domain purity. This resulted in more efficient charge separation, faster charge transport, and less bimolecular recombination, which, when combined, led to better device performance even with thick active layers. Our results show that the introduction of highly crystalline small molecule donors into ternary OSCs is an effective means to enhance the charge transport and thus increase the active layer thickness of ternary OSCs to make them more suitable for roll-to-roll production than previous thinner devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guichuan Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Qingwu Yin
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Fang Jiang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zaiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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Chen Y, Ye P, Zhu ZG, Wang X, Yang L, Xu X, Wu X, Dong T, Zhang H, Hou J, Liu F, Huang H. Achieving High-Performance Ternary Organic Solar Cells through Tuning Acceptor Alloy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1603154. [PMID: 27918107 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Acceptor alloys based on n-type small molecular and fullerene derivatives are used to fabricate the ternary solar cell. The highest performance of optimized ternary device is 10.4%, which is the highest efficiency for one donor/two acceptors-based ternary systems. Three important parameters, JSC , VOC , and FF, of the optimized ternary device are all higher than the binary reference devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Chen
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Pan Ye
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Gang Zhu
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhou Xu
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Wu
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tao Dong
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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