1
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Li J, Zhao H, Zhao X, Gong X. Aggregation-Induced Enhanced Red Emission Graphene Quantum Dots for Integrated Fabrication of Luminescent Solar Concentrators. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:11722-11729. [PMID: 39248378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) commonly suffer from the fluorescence problem of aggregation-caused quenching under high-concentration loading or in the solid state, which seriously hinders the application. Here we report a type of GQDs with red aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE). It is confirmed that the aggregation state of the AIEE GQDs is a J-aggregate. The GQDs/poly(methyl methacrylate) film presented a photoluminescence quantum yield as high as 60.81%, and the record-high performance of luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) was achieved. The power conversion efficiency (ηPCE) is up to 8.35% and the external optical efficiency (ηext) is ∼8.99% for the GQD-based LSCs (45 mW/cm2). Even under one sun illumination (100 mW/cm2), the corresponding ηPCE and ηext values are 3.12% and 4.52%, respectively. The internal photon efficiency (ηint) of an LSC device is about 5.02%. The synthesis of AIEE GQDs bridges the research gap in the emission mechanism of AIEE in GQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Haiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiujian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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2
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Park KH, Kim NC, Song SH. Fabrication of WO 3 Quantum Dots with Different Emitting Colors and Their Utilization in Luminescent Woods. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:936. [PMID: 38869561 PMCID: PMC11173498 DOI: 10.3390/nano14110936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
With a rising interest in smart windows and optical displays, the utilization of metal oxides (MOs) has garnered significant attention owing to their high active sites, flexibility, and tunable electronic and optical properties. Despite these advantages, achieving precise tuning of optical properties in MOs-based quantum dots and their mass production remains a challenge. In this study, we present an easily scalable approach to generate WO3 quantum dots with diverse sizes through sequential insertion/exfoliation processes in solvents with suitable surface tension. Additionally, we utilized the prepared WO3 quantum dots in the fabrication of luminescent transparent wood via an impregnation process. These quantum dots manifested three distinct emitting colors: red, green, and blue. Through characterizations of the structural and optical properties of the WO3 quantum dots, we verified that quantum dots with sizes around 30 nm, 50 nm, and 70 nm showcase a monoclinic crystal structure with oxygen-related defect sites. Notably, as the size of the WO3 quantum dots decreased, the maximum emitting peak underwent a blue shift, with peaks observed at 407 nm (blue), 493 nm (green), and 676 nm (red) under excitation by a He-Cd laser (310 nm), respectively. Transparent woods infused with various WO3 quantum dots exhibited luminescence in blue/white emitting colors. These results suggest substantial potential in diverse applications, such as building materials and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nam Chul Kim
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Materials and Parts of Powders, Kongju National University, Cheonan-si 31080, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung Ho Song
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Materials and Parts of Powders, Kongju National University, Cheonan-si 31080, Republic of Korea;
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3
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Kayani KF, Rahim MK, Mohammed SJ, Ahmed HR, Mustafa MS, Aziz SB. Recent Progress in Folic Acid Detection Based on Fluorescent Carbon Dots as Sensors: A Review. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03728-3. [PMID: 38625574 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03728-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) is a water-soluble vitamin found in diverse natural sources and is crucial for preserving human health. The risk of health issues due to FA deficiency underscores the need for a straightforward and sensitive FA detection methodology. Carbon dots (CDs) have gained significant attention owing to their exceptional fluorescence performance, biocompatibility, and easy accessibility. Consequently, numerous research studies have concentrated on developing advanced CD fluorescent probes to enable swift and precise FA detection. Despite these efforts, there is still a requirement for a thorough overview of the efficient synthesis of CDs and their practical applications in FA detection to further promote the widespread use of CDs. This review paper focuses on the practical applications of CD sensors for FA detection. It begins with an in-depth introduction to FA and CDs. Following that, based on various synthetic approaches, the prepared CDs are classified into diverse detection methods, such as single sensing, visual detection, and electrochemical methods. Furthermore, persistent challenges and potential avenues are highlighted for future research to provide valuable insights into crafting effective CDs and detecting FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawan F Kayani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan Street,, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, 46002, Iraq.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal/Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, 46023, Iraq.
- Department of Pharmacy, Kurdistan Technical Institute, Sulaymaniyah City, Iraq.
| | - Mohammed K Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan Street,, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, 46002, Iraq
| | - Sewara J Mohammed
- Anesthesia department, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan Region, 46001, Iraq
- Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq
| | - Harez Rashid Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan Street,, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, 46002, Iraq
- College of Science, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq
| | - Muhammad S Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan Street,, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, 46002, Iraq
| | - Shujahadeen B Aziz
- Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq
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4
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Lee JW, Kwak JH, Kim J, Jang YK, Han JT, Kim TJ, Hong KS, Jeong HJ, Yang IHS. Highly emissive blue graphene quantum dots with excitation-independent emission via ultrafast liquid-phase photoreduction. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11524-11532. [PMID: 38601707 PMCID: PMC11005024 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) are promising candidates for biomedical applications since they have lower toxicity and higher biocompatibility than traditional semiconductor quantum dots. However, oxygen functional groups such as epoxy and hydroxyl groups usually induce nonradiative relaxation, which leads to GOQDs exhibiting nonemissive properties. For the enhancement of the emission efficiency of GOQDs, the number of nonradiative relaxation sites should be reduced. This paper reports the synthesis of highly luminescent reduced GOQDs prepared by liquid-phase photoreduction (LPP-rGOQDs). First, GOQDs was fabricated from single-walled carbon nanotubes through chlorate-based oxidation and separation after acoustic cavitation. Subsequently, LPP-rGOQDs were obtained by liquid-phase photoreduction of the GOQD suspension under intense pulsed light irradiation. Liquid-phase photoreduction selectively reduced epoxy groups present on the basal plane of GOQDs, and hydrogenated the basal plane without removal of carbonyl and carboxyl groups at the edges of the GOQDs. Such selective removal of oxidative functional groups was used to control the reduction degree of GOQDs, closely related to their optical properties. The optimized LPP-rGOQDs were bright blue in color and showed quantum yields up to about 19.7%, which was 10 times the quantum yield of GOQDs. Furthermore, the LPP-rGOQDs were utilized to image a human embryonic kidney (HEK293A), and a low cytotoxicity level and satisfactory cell imaging performance were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Lee
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University Busan 46241 South Korea
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Creative and Fundamental Research Division, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Changwon 51543 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kwak
- Electrical Environment Research Center, Power Grid Research Division Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Changwon 51543 Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Kim
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Creative and Fundamental Research Division, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Changwon 51543 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kwan Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University Busan 46241 South Korea
| | - Joong Tark Han
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Creative and Fundamental Research Division, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Changwon 51543 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University Busan 46241 South Korea
| | - Kyong-Soo Hong
- Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) Busan 46742 South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Jeong
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Creative and Fundamental Research Division, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Changwon 51543 Republic of Korea
| | - Imjeong H-S Yang
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University Busan 46241 South Korea
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5
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Wang H, Yang S, Chen L, Li Y, He P, Wang G, Dong H, Ma P, Ding G. Tumor diagnosis using carbon-based quantum dots: Detection based on the hallmarks of cancer. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:174-222. [PMID: 38034499 PMCID: PMC10684566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs) have been shown to have promising application value in tumor diagnosis. Their use, however, is severely hindered by the complicated nature of the nanostructures in the CQDs. Furthermore, it seems impossible to formulate the mechanisms involved using the inadequate theoretical frameworks that are currently available for CQDs. In this review, we re-consider the structure-property relationships of CQDs and summarize the current state of development of CQDs-based tumor diagnosis based on biological theories that are fully developed. The advantages and deficiencies of recent research on CQDs-based tumor diagnosis are thus explained in terms of the manifestation of nine essential changes in cell physiology. This review makes significant progress in addressing related problems encountered with other nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Siwei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Liangfeng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Peng He
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Hui Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Peixiang Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Guqiao Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
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6
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Wang J, Fu Y, Gu Z, Pan H, Zhou P, Gan Q, Yuan Y, Liu C. Multifunctional Carbon Dots for Biomedical Applications: Diagnosis, Therapy, and Theranostic. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2303773. [PMID: 37702145 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Designing suitable nanomaterials is an ideal strategy to enable early diagnosis and effective treatment of diseases. Carbon dots (CDs) are luminescent carbonaceous nanoparticles that have attracted considerable attention. Through facile synthesis, they process properties including tunable light emission, low toxicity, and light energy transformation, leading to diverse applications as optically functional materials in biomedical fields. Recently, their potentials have been further explored, such as enzyme-like activity and ability to promote osteogenic differentiation. Through refined synthesizing strategies carbon dots, a rich treasure trove for new discoveries, stand a chance to guide significant development in biomedical applications. In this review, the authors start with a brief introduction to CDs. By presenting mechanisms and examples, the authors focus on how they can be used in diagnosing and treating diseases, including bioimaging failure of tissues and cells, biosensing various pathogenic factors and biomarkers, tissue defect repair, anti-inflammation, antibacterial and antiviral, and novel oncology treatment. The introduction of the application of integrated diagnosis and treatment follows closely behind. Furthermore, the challenges and future directions of CDs are discussed. The authors hope this review will provide critical perspectives to inspire new discoveries on CDs and prompt their advances in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Zhangwu Road 100, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Zhanghao Gu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hao Pan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Panyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Qi Gan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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7
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Kuo WS, Chang CY, Chuang HY, Su PL, Wang JY, Wu PC, Kao HF, Tseng SW, Lin SH, Lin YS, Chang CC. Single-sized N-functionality graphene quantum dot in tunable dual-modality near infrared-I/II illumination detection and photodynamic therapy under multiphoton nonlinear excitation. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 241:115648. [PMID: 37690354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Doping sorted graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with heteroatoms and functionalizing them with amino acid could improve their radiative recombination and two-photon properties-including their excitation-wavelength-independent photoluminescence from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared-I (NIR-I) region, absorption, quantum yield, absolute cross section, lifetime, and radiative-to-nonradiative decay ratio-under two-photon excitation (TPE) at a low excitation energy and short photoexcitation duration, as determined using a self-made optical microscopy system with a femtosecond Ti-sapphire laser. Four types of sorted GQDs were investigated: undoped GQDs, nitrogen-doped GQDs (N-GQDs), amino-functionalized GQDs (amino-GQDs), and N-doped and amino-functionalized GQDs (amino-N-GQDs). Among them, the sorted amino-N-GQDs are effective as a two-photon photosensitizer and generate the highest quantity of reactive oxygen species for the elimination of multidrug-resistant cancer cells through two-photon photodynamic therapy (PDT). Larger amino-N-GQDs result in a greater number of C-N and N-functionalities, leading to a superior photochemical effect and more favorable intrinsic luminescence properties, making the dots effective contrast agents for tracking and localizing cancer cells during in-depth bioimaging in a three-dimensional biological environment under TPE in the NIR-II region. Overall, this study highlights the potential of large amino-N-GQDs as a material for future application to dual-modality two-photon PDT and biomedical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shuo Kuo
- Center for Allergy Immunology and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Children's Hospital/China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yuan Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yu Chuang
- Cell Therapy Center / Department of Neurosurgery, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, 709, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin County, 651, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lan Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Center for Allergy Immunology and Microbiome (AIM), China Medical University Children's Hospital/China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ching Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fang Kao
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Tainan, 700, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wen Tseng
- Core Facility Center of National Cheng Kung University, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Han Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 824, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Sung Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, 709, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 717, Taiwan.
| | - Chan-Chi Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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8
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Ham Y, Kim C, Shin D, Kim ID, Kang K, Jung Y, Lee D, Jeon S. All-Graphene Quantum Dot-Derived Battery: Regulating Redox Activity Through Localized Subdomains. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303432. [PMID: 37394708 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
In the quest for materials sustainability for grid-scale applications, graphene quantum dot (GQD), prepared via eco-efficient processes, is one of the promising graphitic-organic matters that have the potential to provide greener solutions for replacing metal-based battery electrodes. However, the utilization of GQDs as electroactive materials has been limited; their redox behaviors associated with the electronic bandgap property from the sp2 carbon subdomains, surrounded by functional groups, are yet to be understood. Here, the experimental realization of a subdomained GQD-based anode with stable cyclability over 1000 cycles, combined with theoretical calculations, enables a better understanding of the decisive impact of controlled redox site distributions on battery performance. The GQDs are further employed in cathode as a platform for full utilization of inherent electrochemical activity of bio-inspired redox-active organic motifs, phenoxazine. Using the GQD-derived anode and cathode, an all-GQD battery achieves a high energy density of 290 Wh kgcathode -1 (160 Wh kgcathode+anode -1 ), demonstrating an effective way to improve reaction reversibility and energy density of sustainable, metal-free batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjin Ham
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungryeol Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghan Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - YounJoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwhan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwoo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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9
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Kalluri A, Dharmadhikari B, Debnath D, Patra P, Kumar CV. Advances in Structural Modifications and Properties of Graphene Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21358-21376. [PMID: 37360447 PMCID: PMC10286289 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are carbon-based, zero-dimensional nanomaterials and unique due to their astonishing optical, electronic, chemical, and biological properties. Chemical, photochemical, and biochemical properties of GQDs are intensely being explored for bioimaging, biosensing, and drug delivery. The synthesis of GQDs by top-down and bottom-up approaches, their chemical functionalization, bandgap engineering, and biomedical applications are reviewed here. Current challenges and future perspectives of GQDs are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankarao Kalluri
- Department
of Material Science, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Molecular and Cell
Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Bhushan Dharmadhikari
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Technology, Minnesota State University, Mankato, Minnesota 56001, USA
| | - Debika Debnath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of
Mechanical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604, USA
| | - Prabir Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of
Mechanical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604, USA
| | - Challa Vijaya Kumar
- Department
of Material Science, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Molecular and Cell
Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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10
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Lee J, Park M, Song YG, Cho D, Lee K, Shim YS, Jeon S. Role of graphene quantum dots with discrete band gaps on SnO 2 nanodomes for NO 2 gas sensors with an ultralow detection limit. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:2767-2775. [PMID: 37205284 PMCID: PMC10186987 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00925k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
NO2 is a major air pollutant that should be monitored due to its harmful effects on the environment and human health. Semiconducting metal oxide-based gas sensors have been widely explored owing to their superior sensitivity towards NO2, but their high operating temperature (>200 °C) and low selectivity still limit their practical use in sensor devices. In this study, we decorated graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with discrete band gaps onto tin oxide nanodomes (GQD@SnO2 nanodomes), enabling room temperature (RT) sensing towards 5 ppm NO2 gas with a noticeable response ((Ra/Rg) - 1 = 4.8), which cannot be matched using pristine SnO2 nanodomes. In addition, the GQD@SnO2 nanodome based gas sensor shows an extremely low detection limit of 1.1 ppb and high selectivity compared to other pollutant gases (H2S, CO, C7H8, NH3, and CH3COCH3). The oxygen functional groups in GQDs specifically enhance NO2 accessibility by increasing the adsorption energy. Strong electron transfer from SnO2 to GQDs widens the electron depletion layer at SnO2, thereby improving the gas response over a broad temperature range (RT-150 °C). This result provides a basic perspective for utilizing zero-dimensional GQDs in high-performance gas sensors operating over a wide range of temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Park
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Young Geun Song
- Electronic Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seoul 02791 Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwi Cho
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Yuseong Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangjae Lee
- Department of Information Security Engineering, Sangmyung University Cheonan 31066 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seok Shim
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education Cheonan 31253 Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwoo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
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11
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Jovanović S, Marković Z, Budimir M, Prekodravac J, Zmejkoski D, Kepić D, Bonasera A, Marković BT. Lights and Dots toward Therapy-Carbon-Based Quantum Dots as New Agents for Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041170. [PMID: 37111655 PMCID: PMC10145889 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The large number of deaths induced by carcinoma and infections indicates that the need for new, better, targeted therapy is higher than ever. Apart from classical treatments and medication, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the possible approaches to cure these clinical conditions. This strategy offers several advantages, such as lower toxicity, selective treatment, faster recovery time, avoidance of systemic toxic effects, and others. Unfortunately, there is a small number of agents that are approved for usage in clinical PDT. Novel, efficient, biocompatible PDT agents are, thus, highly desired. One of the most promising candidates is represented by the broad family of carbon-based quantum dots, such as graphene quantum dots (GQDs), carbon quantum dots (CQDs), carbon nanodots (CNDs), and carbonized polymer dots (CPDs). In this review paper, these new smart nanomaterials are discussed as potential PDT agents, detailing their toxicity in the dark, and when they are exposed to light, as well as their effects on carcinoma and bacterial cells. The photoinduced effects of carbon-based quantum dots on bacteria and viruses are particularly interesting, since dots usually generate several highly toxic reactive oxygen species under blue light. These species are acting as bombs on pathogen cells, causing various devastating and toxic effects on those targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Jovanović
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Marković
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Budimir
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Prekodravac
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danica Zmejkoski
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Kepić
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aurelio Bonasera
- Palermo Research Unit, Department of Physics and Chemistry-Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo and Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Biljana Todorović Marković
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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12
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Pizzoferrato R, Bisauriya R, Antonaroli S, Cabibbo M, Moro AJ. Colorimetric and Fluorescent Sensing of Copper Ions in Water through o-Phenylenediamine-Derived Carbon Dots. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23063029. [PMID: 36991739 PMCID: PMC10056730 DOI: 10.3390/s23063029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (NSCDs) were synthesized using a simple one-step hydrothermal method starting from o-phenylenediamine (OPD) and ammonium sulfide. The prepared NSCDs presented a selective dual optical response to Cu(II) in water through the arising of an absorption band at 660 nm and simultaneous fluorescence enhancement at 564 nm. The first effect was attributed to formation of cuprammonium complexes through coordination with amino functional groups of NSCDs. Alternatively, fluorescence enhancement can be explained by the oxidation of residual OPD bound to NSCDs. Both absorbance and fluorescence showed a linear increase with an increase of Cu(II) concentration in the range 1-100 µM, with the lowest detection limit of 100 nM and 1 µM, respectively. NSCDs were successfully incorporated in a hydrogel agarose matrix for easier handling and application to sensing. The formation of cuprammonium complexes was strongly hampered in an agarose matrix while oxidation of OPD was still effective. As a result, color variations could be perceived both under white light and UV light for concentrations as low as 10 µM. Since these color changes were similarly perceived in tap and lake water samples, the present method could be a promising candidate for simple, cost-effective visual monitoring of copper onsite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pizzoferrato
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ramanand Bisauriya
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Simonetta Antonaroli
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Cabibbo
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences (DIISM), Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Artur J. Moro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, CQFB, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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13
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Lee S, Lee J, Jeon S. Aggregation-induced emission of matrix-free graphene quantum dots via selective edge functionalization of rotor molecules. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade2585. [PMID: 36800418 PMCID: PMC9937574 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are nanosized graphene derivatives with unique photoluminescence (PL) properties that have advantages in optoelectronic applications due to their stable blue light emission. However, aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) of GQDs limits the practical applications on light-emitting diodes. Here, we suppress the ACQ phenomena of GQDs by reducing the size and converting GQDs into aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active materials. As the size of GQDs is reduced from 5 to 1 nm, their solid-state PL quantum yields (PLQYs) are improved from 0.5 to 2.5%, preventing ACQ. Two different rotor molecules, benzylamine (BA) and 4,4'-(1,2-diphenylethene-1,2-diyl)diphenol (TPE-DOH), are selectively functionalized by substituting carboxylic acid and carbonyl functional groups. All functionalized GQDs show AIE behaviors with significantly enhanced solid-state PLQYs, up to 16.8%. Afterglow measurements and theoretical calculations reveal that selective functionalization hinders inter- and intramolecular charge transfer, which enhances the fluorescence rate of GQDs and corresponding PLQY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukki Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwoo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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14
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Boukhvalov DW, Osipov VY, Hogan BT, Baldycheva A. A comprehensive model of nitrogen-free ordered carbon quantum dots. DISCOVER NANO 2023; 18:1. [PMID: 36719545 PMCID: PMC9889594 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03773-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We propose and demonstrate a novel range of models to accurately determine the optical properties of nitrogen-free carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with ordered graphene layered structures. We confirm the results of our models against the full range of experimental results for CQDs available from an extensive review of the literature. The models can be equally applied to CQDs with varied sizes and with different oxygen contents in the basal planes of the constituent graphenic sheets. We demonstrate that the experimentally observed blue fluorescent emission of nitrogen-free CQDs can be associated with either small oxidised areas on the periphery of the graphenic sheets, or with sub-nanometre non-functionalised islands of sp2-hybridised carbon with high symmetry confined in the centres of oxidised graphene sheets. Larger and/or less symmetric non-functionalised regions in the centre of functionalised graphene sheet are found to be sources of green and even red fluorescent emission from nitrogen-free CQDs. We also demonstrate an approach to simplify the modelling of the discussed sp2-islands by substitution with equivalent strained polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Additionally, we show that the bandgaps (and photoluminescence) of CQDs are not dependent on either out-of-plane corrugation of the graphene sheet or the spacing between sp2-islands. Advantageously, our proposed models show that there is no need to involve light-emitting polycyclic aromatic molecules (nanographenes) with arbitrary structures grafted to the particle periphery to explain the plethora of optical phenomena observed for CQDs across the full range of experimental works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danil W. Boukhvalov
- College of Science, Institute of Materials Physics and Chemistry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Mira 19 Str., Yekaterinburg, Russia 620002
| | | | - Benjamin Thomas Hogan
- STEMM Laboratory, University of Exeter, North Park Road, Exeter, EX4 4QF UK
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, 45 Union St., Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Anna Baldycheva
- STEMM Laboratory, University of Exeter, North Park Road, Exeter, EX4 4QF UK
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15
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Buatong N, Ruttanapun C, Sriwong C. Synthesis of reduced graphene oxide quantum dots from graphene oxide via hydrothermal process and theirs structural, luminescence and magnetic properties. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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16
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Shi L, Lu S. Precise carbon dots synthesis: building bridges between organic chemistry and inorganic chemistry. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:2369-2371. [PMID: 36566051 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Shi
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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17
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Aghajamali M, Vieira MA, Firouzi-Haji R, Cui K, Cho JY, Bergren AJ, Hassanzadeh H, Meldrum A. Synthesis and properties of multi-functionalized graphene quantum dots with tunable photoluminescence and hydrophobicity from asphaltene and its oxidized and reduced derivatives. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:4080-4093. [PMID: 36285213 PMCID: PMC9514569 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00445c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with tunable photoluminescence (PL) and hydrophobicity were synthesized from an abundant natural carbon source containing nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen heteroatoms. Asphaltene and its oxidized and reduced derivatives were used as precursors to produce GQDs in organic solvents (i.e., methanol, toluene, and chloroform) using a facile ultrasonication technique. Asphaltene surface chemistry was tuned by sequential oxidation and reduction to investigate the surface effects on GQD properties. Spectroscopic characterizations confirmed the presence of N, S, and O heteroatoms and different electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. Microscopic characterizations revealed that these crystalline carbon nanomaterials have mono-layered or multi-layered structures with lateral sizes in the range of ∼5-15 nm. The asphaltene-derived GQDs exhibit tunable PL with emission colors ranging from blue to orange, depending on the carbon precursor and the organic solvent. Solvent exchange studies also revealed that asphaltene and its derivatives contain hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions, resulting in varied hydrophobicity of the synthesized GQDs. Adding to the appeal of the present work, PL quenching of GQD-silica hybrid materials upon exposure to nitro-aromatics confirms that these GQDs can be incorporated to different host materials for advanced sensing or optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Aghajamali
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Mariana Arpini Vieira
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2E1 Canada
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada Edmonton AB T6G 2M9 Canada
| | | | - Kai Cui
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada Edmonton AB T6G 2M9 Canada
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada Edmonton AB T6G 2M9 Canada
| | - Adam Johan Bergren
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada Edmonton AB T6G 2M9 Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Kelowna BC V1V 1V7 Canada
| | - Hassan Hassanzadeh
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada
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18
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Suresh RR, Kulandaisamy AJ, Nesakumar N, Nagarajan S, Lee JH, Rayappan JBB. Graphene Quantum Dots – Hydrothermal Green Synthesis, Material Characterization and Prospects for Cervical Cancer Diagnosis Applications: A Review. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raghavv Raghavender Suresh
- Department of Bioengineering School of Chemical & Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB) SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Arockia Jayalatha Kulandaisamy
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB) SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
- School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Noel Nesakumar
- Department of Bioengineering School of Chemical & Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB) SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Saisubramanian Nagarajan
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID) School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Jung Heon Lee
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS) Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 16419 South Korea
| | - John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB) SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
- School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
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19
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Lisa John V, Joy F, Jose Kollannoor A, Joseph K, Nair Y, T. P. V. Amine functionalized carbon quantum dots from paper precursors for selective binding and fluorescent labelling applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 617:730-744. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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20
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Facile preparation of aqueous-soluble fluorescent polyethylene glycol functionalized carbon dots from palm waste by one-pot hydrothermal carbonization for colon cancer nanotheranostics. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10550. [PMID: 35732805 PMCID: PMC9217983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are categorized as an emerging class of zero-dimension nanomaterials having high biocompatibility, photoluminescence, tunable surface, and hydrophilic property. CDs, therefore, are currently of interest for bio-imaging and nano-medicine applications. In this work, polyethylene glycol functionalized CDs (CD-PEG) were prepared from oil palm empty fruit bunch by a one-pot hydrothermal technique. PEG was chosen as a passivating agent for the enhancement of functionality and photoluminescence properties of CDs. To prepare the CDs-PEG, the effects of temperature, time, and concentration of PEG were investigated on the properties of CDs. The as-prepared CDs-PEG were characterized by several techniques including dynamic light scattering, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Thermogravimetric analysis. The as-prepared CDs under hydrothermal condition at 220 °C for 6 h had spherical morphology with an average diameter of 4.47 nm. Upon modification, CDs-PEG were photo-responsive with excellent photoluminescence property. The CDs-PEG was subsequently used as a drug carrier for doxorubicin [DOX] delivery to CaCo-2, colon cancer cells in vitro. DOX was successfully loaded onto CDs-PEG surface confirmed by FT-IR and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (MALDI-TOF/MS) patterns. The selective treatment of CDs-PEG-DOX against the colorectal cancer cells, , relative to normal human fibroblast cells was succesfully demonstrated.
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21
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Formation, photoluminescence and in vitro bioimaging of polyethylene glycol-derived carbon dots: The molecular weight effects. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Chien LC, Chiang CW, Lao CC, Lin YI, Lin HW, Keng PY. Boron Carbon Oxynitride as a Novel Metal-Free Photocatalyst. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:176. [PMID: 34894310 PMCID: PMC8665969 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03629-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Boron-based nanomaterials are emerging as non-toxic, earth-abundant (photo)electrocatalyst materials in solar energy conversion for the production of solar hydrogen fuel and environmental remediation. Boron carbon oxynitride (BCNO) is a quaternary semiconductor with electronic, optical, and physicochemical properties that can be tuned by varying the composition of boron, nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen. However, the relationship between BCNO's structure and -photocatalytic activity relationship has yet to be explored. We performed an in-depth spectroscopic analysis to elucidate the effect of using two different nitrogen precursors and the effect of annealing temperatures in the preparation of BCNO. BCNO nanodisks (D = 6.7 ± 1.1 nm) with turbostratic boron nitride diffraction patterns were prepared using guanidine hydrochloride as the nitrogen source precursor upon thermal annealing at 800°C. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) surface elemental analysis of the BCNO nanodisks revealed the B, C, N, and O compositions to be 40.6%, 7.95%, 37.7%, and 13.8%, respectively. According to the solid-state 11B NMR analyses, the guanidine hydrochloride-derived BCNO nanodisks showed the formation of various tricoordinate BNx(OH)3-x species, which also served as one of the photocatalytic active sites. The XRD and in-depth spectroscopic analyses corroborated the preparation of BCNO-doped hexagonal boron nitride nanodisks. In contrast, the BCNO annealed at 600 °C using melamine as the nitrogen precursor consisted of layered nanosheets composed of B, C, N, and O atoms covalently bonded in a honeycomb lattice as evidence by the XRD, XPS, and solid-state NMR analysis (11B and 13C) analyses. The XPS surface elemental composition of the melamine-derived BCNO layered structures consisted of a high carbon composition (75.1%) with a relatively low boron (5.24%) and nitrogen (7.27%) composition, which indicated the formation of BCNO-doped graphene oxides layered sheet structures. This series of melamine-derived BCNO-doped graphene oxide layered structures were found to exhibit the highest photocatalytic activity, exceeding the photocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride. In this layered structure, the formation of the tetracoordinate BNx(OH)3-x(CO) species and the rich graphitic domains were proposed to play an important role in the photocatalytic activity of the BCNO-doped graphene oxides layered structures. The optical band gap energies were measured to be 5.7 eV and 4.2 eV for BCNO-doped hexagonal boron nitride nanodisks and BCNO-doped graphene oxides layered structures, respectively. Finally, BCNO exhibited an ultralong photoluminescence with an average decay lifetime of 1.58, 2.10, 5.18, and 8.14 µs for BGH01, BGH03, BMH01, BMH03, respectively. This study provides a novel metal-free photocatalytic system and provides the first structural analysis regarding the origin of BCNO-based photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cheng Chien
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Chen Wei Chiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Chou Chio Lao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Yung-I Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Pei Yuin Keng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 30013 Taiwan
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Xu X, Mo L, Li Y, Pan X, Hu G, Lei B, Zhang X, Zheng M, Zhuang J, Liu Y, Hu C. Construction of Carbon Dots with Color-Tunable Aggregation-Induced Emission by Nitrogen-Induced Intramolecular Charge Transfer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2104872. [PMID: 34647365 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most promising fluorescent nanomaterials, the fluorescence of carbon dots (CDs) in solution is extensively studied. Nevertheless, the synthesis of multicolor solid-state fluorescence (SSF) CDs is rarely reported. Herein, CDs with multicolor aggregation-induced emission are prepared using amine molecules, all of them exhibiting dual fluorescence emission at 480 nm (Em-1) and 580-620 nm (Em-2), which is related to the SS bonds of dithiosalicylic acid and the conjugated structure attached to CO/CN bonds, respectively. As a strong electron-withdrawing group, the increase of CN content makes dual-fluorescent groups on the surface of CDs produce push and pull electrons, which determines intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) between the double emission. With the increase in CN content from 35.6% to 58.4%, the ICT efficiency increases from 8.71% to 45.94%, changing the fluorescence of CDs from green to red. The increase of ICT efficiency causes fluorescence quantum yield enhancement by nearly five times and redshift of the fluorescence peak. Finally, based on the multicolor luminescence properties induced by the aggregation of CDs, pattern encryption and white-LED devices are realized. Based on the fat solubility and strong ultraviolet absorption characteristics of CDs, fingerprint detection and leaf anti-UV hazards are applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokai Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Luoqi Mo
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yadong Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoqin Pan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guangqi Hu
- College of Photoelectric Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, 510665, China
| | - Bingfu Lei
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xuejie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mingtao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianle Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yingliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chaofan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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24
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Cui P, Xue Y. Role of edge nitrogen doping in nonradiative decay dynamics of graphene quantum dots: a Fermi’s golden rule analysis. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sharma AS, Ali S, Sabarinathan D, Murugavelu M, Li H, Chen Q. Recent progress on graphene quantum dots-based fluorescence sensors for food safety and quality assessment applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:5765-5801. [PMID: 34601802 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The versatile photophysicalproperties, high surface-to-volume ratio, superior photostability, higher biocompatibility, and availability of active sites make graphene quantum dots (GQDs) an ideal candidate for applications in sensing, bioimaging, photocatalysis, energy storage, and flexible electronics. GQDs-based sensors involve luminescence sensors, electrochemical sensors, optical biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, and photoelectrochemical biosensors. Although plenty of sensing strategies have been developed using GQDs for biosensing and environmental applications, the use of GQDs-based fluorescence techniques remains unexplored or underutilized in the field of food science and technology. To the best of our knowledge, comprehensive review of the GQDs-based fluorescence sensing applications concerning food quality analysis has not yet been done. This review article focuses on the recent progress on the synthesis strategies, electronic properties, and fluorescence mechanisms of GQDs. The various GQDs-based fluorescence detection strategies involving Förster resonance energy transfer- or inner filter effect-driven fluorescence turn-on and turn-off response mechanisms toward trace-level detection of toxic metal ions, toxic adulterants, and banned chemical substances in foodstuffs are summarized. The challenges associated with the pretreatment steps of complex food matrices and prospects and challenges associated with the GQDs-based fluorescent probes are discussed. This review could serve as a precedent for further advancement in interdisciplinary research involving the development of versatile GQDs-based fluorescent probes toward food science and technology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shujat Ali
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | | | - Huanhuan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
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E S, He C, Wang JH, Mao Q, Chen X. Tunable Organelle Imaging by Rational Design of Carbon Dots and Utilization of Uptake Pathways. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14465-14474. [PMID: 34498468 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Employing one-step hydrothermal treatment of o-phenylenediamine and lysine to exploit their self- and copolymerization, four kinds of CDs (ECDs, NCDs, GCDs, and LCDs) are synthesized, possessing different surface groups (CH3, C-O-C, NH2, and COOH) and lipophilicity which endow them with various uptake pathways to achieve tunable organelle imaging. Specifically, highly lipophilic ECDs with CH3 group and NCDs with C-O-C group select passive manner to target to endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus, respectively. Amphiphilic GCDs with CH3, C-O-C and NH2 groups prefer caveolin-mediated endocytosis to locate at Golgi apparatus. Highly hydrophilic LCDs with CH3, NH2 and COOH groups are involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis to localize in lysosomes. Besides, imaging results of cell division, three-dimensional reconstruction and living zebrafish demonstrate that the obtained CDs are promising potential candidates for specific organelle-targeting imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang E
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Chuang He
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Quanxing Mao
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Xuwei Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
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Yu J, Yong X, Tang Z, Yang B, Lu S. Theoretical Understanding of Structure-Property Relationships in Luminescence of Carbon Dots. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7671-7687. [PMID: 34351771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have excellent luminescence characteristics, such as good light stability, high quantum yield (QY), long phosphorescence lifetime, and a wide emission wavelength range, resulting in CDs' great success in optical applications. Understanding the structure-property relationships in CDs is essential for their use in optoelectronic applications. However, because of the complex nature of CD structures and synthesis processes, understanding the luminescence mechanism and structure-property relationships of CDs is a big challenge. This Perspective reviews the theoretical efforts toward the understanding of structure-property relationships and discusses the challenges that need to be overcome in future development of CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkun Yu
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xue Yong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Wu H, Xu H, Shi Y, Yuan T, Meng T, Zhang Y, Xie W, Li X, Li Y, Fan L. Recent Advance in Carbon Dots: From Properties to Applications. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry, and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Huimin Xu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry, and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Yuxin Shi
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry, and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Ting Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry, and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Ting Meng
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry, and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry, and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Wenjing Xie
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry, and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry, and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Yunchao Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry, and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Louzhen Fan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry, and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
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Liu C, Yang M, Hu J, Bao L, Tang B, Wei X, Zhao JL, Jin Z, Luo QY, Pang DW. Quantitatively Switchable pH-Sensitive Photoluminescence of Carbon Nanodots. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2727-2735. [PMID: 33705142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
pH sensing plays a key role in the life sciences as well as the environmental, industrial, and agricultural fields. Carbon nanodots (C-dots) with small size, low toxicity, and excellent stability hold great potential in pH sensing as nanoprobes due to their intrinsic pH-sensitive photoluminescence (PL). Nonetheless, the undesirable sensitivity and response range of C-dot PL toward pH cannot meet the requirements of practical applications, and the unclear pH-sensitive PL mechanism makes it difficult to control their pH sensitivity. Herein, the quantitative correlation of pH-sensitive PL with specific surface structures of C-dots is uncovered for the first time, to our best knowledge. The association of carboxylate and H+ increases the ratio of nonradiation to radiation decay of C-dots through excited-state proton transfer, resulting in the decrease of PL intensity. Meanwhile, the dissociation of α-H in β-dicarbonyl forming enolate increases the extent of delocalization of the C-dots conjugated system, which induces the PL broadening to the red region and a decreasing intensity. Based on the understanding of the pH-sensitive PL mechanism, the pH-sensitive PL of C-dots can be switched by quantitative modulation of carboxyl and β-dicarbonyl groups to achieve a desirable pH response range with high sensitivity. This work contributes to a better understanding of the pH-sensitive PL of C-dots and therefore presents an effective strategy for controllably tuning their pH sensitivity, facilitating the rational design of C-dot-based pH sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Liu
- Research Center for Micro/Nano System & Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P. R. China
| | - Mengli Yang
- Research Center for Micro/Nano System & Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Lei Bao
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wei
- Research Center for Micro/Nano System & Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiang-Lin Zhao
- Research Center for Micro/Nano System & Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zongwen Jin
- Research Center for Micro/Nano System & Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qing-Ying Luo
- Research Center for Micro/Nano System & Bionic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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Borhan A, Herea DD, Gherca D, Stavila C, Minuti AE, Grigoras M, Danceanu CM, Labusca L, Stoian G, Ababei G, Stan C, Lupu N, Chiriac H. Flash-cooling assisted sol-gel self-ignited synthesis of magnetic carbon dots-based heterostructure with antitumor properties. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 117:111288. [PMID: 32919649 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This work addresses current direction of the nanoparticles-based systems intended for cancer therapy by developing a newly-formulated innovative chemically-engineered anti-tumor composite consisting in a magnetic, fluorescent, lipophilic, and biologically-active carbon heterostructure capable by itself or through coupling with a chemotherapeutic agent to selectively induce tumor cell death. The anti-tumor compound was synthesized through a modified sol-gel method by addition of a low-cost molecule with recently proven anti-tumor properties which was combusted and flash-cooled along with magnetic iron oxides precursors at 250 °C. The synthesized compound consisted in carbon dots, graphene and hematite nanoparticles which endowed the composite with unique simultaneous fluorescence, magnetic and anti-tumor properties. The in-vitro cytotoxicity performed on tumor cells (human osteosarcoma) and normal cells (fibroblasts) showed a selective cytotoxic effect induced after 24 h of treatment by the drug-free composite, leading to a cell death of 37%, for a composite concentration of 0.01 mg/mL per 104 tumor cells, whereas the composite loaded with an antitumor drug (mitoxantrone) boosted the cell death effect to 47% for similar exposure conditions. The method shows high potential as it boosts drug transfer within tumor cells. Different antitumor drugs already in clinical use can be used following their separate or in-cocktail controlled combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Borhan
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Dumitru-Daniel Herea
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Daniel Gherca
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Cristina Stavila
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania; University "Al. I. Cuza", 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca-Emanuela Minuti
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania; University "Al. I. Cuza", 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Marian Grigoras
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Camelia Mihaela Danceanu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania; University "Al. I. Cuza", 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luminita Labusca
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - George Stoian
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriel Ababei
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Corneliu Stan
- "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, 67 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Lupu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Horia Chiriac
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Boulevard, 700050 Iasi, Romania
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Xu A, Wang G, Li Y, Dong H, Yang S, He P, Ding G. Carbon-Based Quantum Dots with Solid-State Photoluminescent: Mechanism, Implementation, and Application. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2004621. [PMID: 33145929 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs), including spherical carbon dots and graphene quantum dots, are an emerging class of photoluminescent (PL) materials with unique properties. Great progress has been made in the design and fabrication of high-performance CQDs, however, the challenge of developing solid-state PL CQDs have aroused great interest among researchers. A clear PL mechanism is the basis for the development of high-performance solid-state CQDs for light emission and is also a prerequisite for the realization of multiple practical applications. However, the extremely complex structure of a CQD greatly limits the understanding of the solid-state PL mechanism of CQDs. So far, a variety of models have been proposed to explain the PL of solid-state CQDs, but they have not been unified. This review summarizes the current understanding of the solid-state PL of solid-state CQDs from the perspective of energy band theory and electronic transitions. In addition, the common strategies for realizing solid-state PL in CQDs are also summarized. Furthermore, the applications of CQDs in the fields of light-emitting devices, anti-counterfeiting, fingerprint detection, etc., are proposed. Finally, a brief outlook is given, highlighting current problems, and directions for development of solid-state PL of CQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Siwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Peng He
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guqiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Zeng M, Kuang W, Khan I, Huang D, Du Y, Saeidi-Javash M, Zhang L, Cheng Z, Hoffman AJ, Zhang Y. Colloidal Nanosurfactants for 3D Conformal Printing of 2D van der Waals Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2003081. [PMID: 32851710 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Printing techniques using nanomaterials have emerged as a versatile tool for fast prototyping and potentially large-scale manufacturing of functional devices. Surfactants play a significant role in many printing processes due to their ability to reduce interfacial tension between ink solvents and nanoparticles and thus improve ink colloidal stability. Here, a colloidal graphene quantum dot (GQD)-based nanosurfactant is reported to stabilize various types of 2D materials in aqueous inks. In particular, a graphene ink with superior colloidal stability is demonstrated by GQD nanosurfactants via the π-π stacking interaction, leading to the printing of multiple high-resolution patterns on various substrates using a single printing pass. It is found that nanosurfactants can significantly improve the mechanical stability of the printed graphene films compared with those of conventional molecular surfactant, as evidenced by 100 taping, 100 scratching, and 1000 bending cycles. Additionally, the printed composite film exhibits improved photoconductance using UV light with 400 nm wavelength, arising from excitation across the nanosurfactant bandgap. Taking advantage of the 3D conformal aerosol jet printing technique, a series of UV sensors of heterogeneous structures are directly printed on 2D flat and 3D spherical substrates, demonstrating the potential of manufacturing geometrically versatile devices based on nanosurfactant inks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxiang Zeng
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Wenzheng Kuang
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Irfan Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Dali Huang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yipu Du
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Mortaza Saeidi-Javash
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Lecheng Zhang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Zhengdong Cheng
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Chemical Engineering Department, Texas A&M University at Qatar, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anthony J Hoffman
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Yanliang Zhang
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
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Xia C, Zhu S, Zhang ST, Zeng Q, Tao S, Tian X, Li Y, Yang B. Carbonized Polymer Dots with Tunable Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Lifetime and Wavelength. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:38593-38601. [PMID: 32846498 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) properties of carbon dots (CDs) have attracted significant interest. However, the regulation of RTP emission faces great challenges because of untunable emissive lifetime and wavelength. Here, ultrahigh-yield acrylamide-based N-doped carbonized polymer dots (AN-CPDs) with ultralong RTP lifetime are synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal addition polymerization and carbonization strategy. The RTP lifetime and wavelength of the proposed AN-CPDs can be regulated by changing the carbonization degree. Thus, the AN-CPDs' RTP lifetimes are in the range of 61.4-466.5 ms, while the RTP emission wavelengths vary from 485 to 558 nm. Further experiment and theoretical calculation proved that RTP can be attributed to the polymer/carbon hybrid structure and nitrous functional groups as the molecular state related emission centers. Supramolecular cross-linking in the aggregated state is vital for the RTP emission of the AN-CPDs by restricting the nonradiative transition of the triplet excitons. AN-CPDs of different RTP lifetimes can be applied to time-resolved multistage information encryption and multistage anticounterfeiting. This work facilitates the optical regulation and application potential of CDs and provides profound insights into the effect of the polymer/carbon hybrid structure on the properties of CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shoujun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qingsen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Songyuan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xuzhou Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Sekiya R, Haino T. Chemically Functionalized Two-Dimensional Carbon Materials. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2316-2328. [PMID: 32128984 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanographenes (NGs), also known as graphene quantum dots, have recently been developed as nanoscale graphene fragments. These nanocarbon species can be excited with UV light and emit light from the UV-to-visible region. This photoemission has received great attraction across multiple scientific fields. NGs can be produced by cutting off carbon sources or fusing small organic molecules to grow graphitic structures. Furthermore, the organic synthesis of NGs has been intensely studied. Recently, the number of research papers on postsynthetic modification of NGs has gradually increased. Installed organic groups can tune the properties of NGs and provide new functionalities, opening the door for the development of sophisticated carbon-based functional materials. This review sheds light on recent progress in the postsynthetic modification of NGs and provides a brief summary of their production methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Sekiya
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
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Park M, Kim HS, Yoon H, Kim J, Lee S, Yoo S, Jeon S. Controllable Singlet-Triplet Energy Splitting of Graphene Quantum Dots through Oxidation: From Phosphorescence to TADF. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2000936. [PMID: 32537946 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Long-lived afterglow emissions, such as room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), are beneficial in the fields of displays, bioimaging, and data security. However, it is challenging to realize a single material that simultaneously exhibits both RTP and TADF properties with their relative strengths varied in a controlled manner. Herein, a new design approach is reported to control singlet-triplet energy splitting (∆EST ) in graphene quantum dots (GQD)/graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) by varying the ratio of oxygenated carbon to sp2 carbon (γOC ). It is demonstrated that ∆EST decreases from 0.365 to 0.123 eV as γOC increases from 4.63% to 59.6%, which in turn induces a dramatic transition from RTP to TADF. Matrix-assisted stabilization of triplet excited states provides ultralong lifetimes to both RTP and TADF. Embedded in boron oxynitride, the low oxidized (4.63%) GQD exhibits an RTP lifetime (τT avg ) of 783 ms, and the highly oxidized (59.6%) GOQD exhibits a TADF lifetime (τDF avg ) of 125 ms. Furthermore, the long-lived RTP and TADF materials enable the first demonstration of anticounterfeiting and multilevel information security using GQD. These results will open up a new approach to the engineering of singlet-triplet splitting in GQD for controlled realization of smart multimodal afterglow materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Suk Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Yoon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukki Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyup Yoo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwoo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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36
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Jeong S, Pinals RL, Dharmadhikari B, Song H, Kalluri A, Debnath D, Wu Q, Ham MH, Patra P, Landry MP. Graphene Quantum Dot Oxidation Governs Noncovalent Biopolymer Adsorption. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7074. [PMID: 32341425 PMCID: PMC7184744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63769-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are an allotrope of carbon with a planar surface amenable to functionalization and nanoscale dimensions that confer photoluminescence. Collectively, these properties render GQDs an advantageous platform for nanobiotechnology applications, including optical biosensing and delivery. Towards this end, noncovalent functionalization offers a route to reversibly modify and preserve the pristine GQD substrate, however, a clear paradigm has yet to be realized. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of noncovalent polymer adsorption to GQD surfaces, with a specific focus on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). We study how GQD oxidation level affects the propensity for polymer adsorption by synthesizing and characterizing four types of GQD substrates ranging ~60-fold in oxidation level, then investigating noncovalent polymer association to these substrates. Adsorption of ssDNA quenches intrinsic GQD fluorescence by 31.5% for low-oxidation GQDs and enables aqueous dispersion of otherwise insoluble no-oxidation GQDs. ssDNA-GQD complexation is confirmed by atomic force microscopy, by inducing ssDNA desorption, and with molecular dynamics simulations. ssDNA is determined to adsorb strongly to no-oxidation GQDs, weakly to low-oxidation GQDs, and not at all for heavily oxidized GQDs. Finally, we reveal the generality of the adsorption platform and assess how the GQD system is tunable by modifying polymer sequence and type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghwa Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Rebecca L Pinals
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Bhushan Dharmadhikari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Technology, Minnesota State University, Mankato, MA, 56001, USA
| | - Hayong Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Ankarao Kalluri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT, 06604, USA
| | - Debika Debnath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT, 06604, USA
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT, 06604, USA
| | - Moon-Ho Ham
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Prabir Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT, 06604, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT, 06604, USA.
| | - Markita P Landry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. .,Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI), Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. .,California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QB3, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. .,Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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37
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Shuang E, Mao QX, Wang JH, Chen XW. Carbon dots with tunable dual emissions: from the mechanism to the specific imaging of endoplasmic reticulum polarity. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:6852-6860. [PMID: 32186547 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10982j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Regulating the fluorescence of carbon dots (CDs) is important but highly challenging. Here, carbon dots with tunable dual emissions were facilely fabricated via modulating the polymerization and carbonization processes of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) with lysine (Lys) as the co-precursor and modulator, respectively. The self-polymerization/carbonization of the OPD molecules contributed to the blue/green emission of the OPD-derived CDs. The introduction of Lys in the CD fabrication process efficiently suppressed the carbonization of the OPD polymer chains and enhanced the self-polymerization of the OPD molecules. Meanwhile, the formed OPD-Lys co-polymer chains endowed the final CD product with a new green emission center. The dual-emissive CDs were distinctly sensitive to polarity fluctuations, providing a ratiometric fluorescence response towards solution polarity. Due to their specific distribution in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the as-prepared dual-emissive CDs successfully distinguished the polarity variations in ER under stress, which offers a new approach for the early diagnosis of cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Shuang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
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38
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Jia J, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Cao J, Huang G, Xing B, Zhang C, Zhang L, Cao Y. Facile and Efficient Fabrication of Bandgap Tunable Carbon Quantum Dots Derived From Anthracite and Their Photoluminescence Properties. Front Chem 2020; 8:123. [PMID: 32181240 PMCID: PMC7059121 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-cost and earth-abundant coal has been considered to have a unique structural superiority as carbon sources of carbon quantum dots (CQDs). However, it is still difficult to obtain CQDs from raw coal due to its compactibility and lower reactivity, and the majority of the current coal-based CQDs usually emit green or blue fluorescence. Herein, a facile two-step oxidation approach (K2FeO4 pre-oxidation and H2O2 oxidation) was proposed to fabricate bandgap tunable CQDs from anthracite. The K2FeO4 pre-oxidation can not only weaken the non-bonding forces among coal molecules which cause the expansion of coal particles, but also form a large number of active sites on the surface of coal particles. The above effects make the bandgap tunable CQDs (blue, green, or yellow fluorescence) can be quickly obtained from anthracite within 1 h in the following H2O2 oxidation by simply adjusting the concentration of H2O2. All the as-prepared CQDs contain more than 30 at% oxygen, and the average diameters of which are <10 nm. The results also indicate that the high oxygen content only can create new energy states inside the band gap of CQDs with average diameter more than 3.2 ± 0.9 nm, which make the as-prepared CQDs emit green or yellow fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Jia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China.,Henan Province Industrial Technology Research Institute of Resources and Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Yaojie Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Quanrun Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Jianliang Cao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Guangxu Huang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China.,Henan Province Industrial Technology Research Institute of Resources and Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baolin Xing
- Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China.,Henan Province Industrial Technology Research Institute of Resources and Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chuanxiang Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China.,Henan Province Industrial Technology Research Institute of Resources and Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Yijun Cao
- Henan Province Industrial Technology Research Institute of Resources and Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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39
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Bharathi G, Nataraj D, Premkumar S, Saravanan P, Thangadurai DT, Khyzhun OY, Senthilkumar K, Kathiresan R, Kolandaivel P, Gupta M, Phase D. Insight into the photophysics of strong dual emission (blue & green) producing graphene quantum dot clusters and their application towards selective and sensitive detection of trace level Fe3+ and Cr6+ ions. RSC Adv 2020; 10:26613-26630. [PMID: 35515801 PMCID: PMC9055443 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04549g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-nanostructured systems, such as graphene quantum dots (GQDs), are well known for their interesting light-emitting characteristics and are being applied to a variety of luminescence-based applications. The emission properties of GQDs are complex. Therefore, understanding the science of the photophysics of coupled quantum systems (like quantum clusters) is still challenging. In this regard, we have successfully prepared two different types of GQD clusters, and explored their photophysical properties in detail. By co-relating the structure and photophysics, it was possible to understand the emission behavior of the cluster in detail. This gave new insight into understanding the clustering effect on the emission behaviour. The results clearly indicated that although GQDs are well connected, the local discontinuity in the structure prohibits the dynamics of photoexcited charge carriers going from one domain to another. Therefore, an excitation-sensitive dual emission was possible. Emission yield values of about 18% each were recorded at the blue and green emission wavelengths at a particular excitation energy. This meant that the choice of emission color was decided by the excitation energy. Through systematic analysis, it was found that both intrinsic and extrinsic effects contributed to the blue emission, whereas only the intrinsic effect contributed to the green emission. These excitation-sensitive dual emissive GQD clusters were then used to sense Fe3+ and Cr6+ ions in the nanomolar range. While the Cr6+ ions were able to quench both blue and green emissions, the Fe3+ ions quenched blue emission only. The insensitivity of the Fe3+ ions in the quenching of the green emission was also understood through quantum chemical calculations. Schematic representation for the origin of blue and green emissions, and the resultant PL emission spectra from the GQD interconnected cluster-type sample.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganapathi Bharathi
- Quantum Materials & Energy Devices (QM-ED) Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore
- India
| | - Devaraj Nataraj
- Quantum Materials & Energy Devices (QM-ED) Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore
- India
| | - Sellan Premkumar
- Quantum Materials & Energy Devices (QM-ED) Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore
- India
| | | | - Daniel T. Thangadurai
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology
- Sri Ramakrishana Engineering College, Affiliated to Anna University
- Coimbatore – 641 022
- India
| | - Oleg Yu Khyzhun
- Department of Structural Chemistry of Solids
- Frantsevych Institute for Problems of Materials Science
- National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
- UA-03142 Kyiv
- Ukraine
| | - Kittusamy Senthilkumar
- UGC-CPEPA Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics for the Development of Solar Energy Materials and Devices
- Department of Physics
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore
- India
| | - Ramasamy Kathiresan
- Macromolecular Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore
- India
| | - Ponmalai Kolandaivel
- Macromolecular Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore
- India
| | - Mukul Gupta
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research
- Indore
- India
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40
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Xia C, Zhu S, Feng T, Yang M, Yang B. Evolution and Synthesis of Carbon Dots: From Carbon Dots to Carbonized Polymer Dots. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1901316. [PMID: 31832313 PMCID: PMC6891914 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 463] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the various synthesis methods to obtain carbon dots (CDs), the bottom-up methods are still the most widely administrated route to afford large-scale and low-cost synthesis. However, as CDs are developed with increasing reports involved in producing many CDs, the structure and property features have changed enormously compared with the first generation of CDs, raising classification concerns. To this end, a new classification of CDs, named carbonized polymer dots (CPDs), is summarized according to the analysis of structure and property features. Here, CPDs are revealed as an emerging class of CDs with distinctive polymer/carbon hybrid structures and properties. Furthermore, deep insights into the effects of synthesis on the structure/property features of CDs are provided. Herein, the synthesis methods of CDs are also summarized in detail, and the effects of synthesis conditions of the bottom-up methods in terms of the structures and properties of CPDs are discussed and analyzed comprehensively. Insights into formation process and nucleation mechanism of CPDs are also offered. Finally, a perspective of the future development of CDs is proposed with critical insights into facilitating their potential in various application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Shoujun Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and NanomedicineNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioengineeringNational Institutes of Health35 Convent DrBethesda20892MDUSA
| | - Tanglue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Mingxi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied OpticsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130033P. R. China
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41
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Kim YJ, Guo P, Schaller RD. Aqueous Carbon Quantum Dot-Embedded PC60-PC 61BM Nanospheres for Ecological Fluorescent Printing: Contrasting Fluorescence Resonance Energy-Transfer Signals between Watermelon-like and Random Morphologies. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:6525-6535. [PMID: 31596102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To go beyond the PC60 surfactant structure, the double-layer micelle morphology in water motivates exploration of altered protocols to produce new morphologies. Furthermore, the low photoluminescence quantum yield of aqueous fullerene-based particles encourages high fluorescence to create a light-emitting display. With this in mind, we established new hybrid n-type nanospheres with carbon quantum dot (CQD)-embedded PC60-PC61BM particles, processed using two different protocols. The homogenizer-assisted PC60-CQD-PC61BM resulted in a watermelon-shaped spherical particle, whereas a circular morphology with randomly embedded CQDs was observed in the microwave-treated hybrids. More surprisingly, the watermelon-shaped colloid induced efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the CQD and C60 molecules of PC61BM, and the FRET-mediated emission signature diminished gradually as the stripe patterns collapsed. This phenomenon allowed different fluorescent colors in the colloidal printing film. We thereby provided the new carrier dynamics of the particle photonic activities of the developed aqueous PC60-based colloids with the possibility of ecological utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- Center for Nanoscale Materials , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Peijun Guo
- Center for Nanoscale Materials , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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42
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Cai G, Yu Z, Tong P, Tang D. Ti 3C 2 MXene quantum dot-encapsulated liposomes for photothermal immunoassays using a portable near-infrared imaging camera on a smartphone. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:15659-15667. [PMID: 31411624 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05797h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Methods based on the photothermal effect (a common phenomenon in nature) have been widely applied in different fields; however, their application in bioanalysis has lagged behind. Herein, we designed a near-infrared (NIR) photothermal immunoassay for the qualitative or quantitative detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) using titanium carbide (Ti3C2) MXene quantum dot (QD)-encapsulated liposomes with high photothermal efficiency. This system involves a sandwich-type immunoreaction and photothermal measurements. Ti3C2 MXene QDs were utilized as innovative photothermal signal beacons and were encapsulated in liposomes for the labeling of the secondary antibody. The assay was carried out by coupling a low-cost microplate with a homemade 3D printed device. Under NIR-laser irradiation, the Ti3C2 MXene QDs converted the light energy into heat, and a shift in temperature corresponding with the analyte concentration was obtained on a handheld thermometer. Under optimal conditions, the Ti3C2 MXene QD-based photothermal immunoassay exhibited a dynamic linear range from 1.0 ng mL-1 to 50 ng mL-1 with a limit of detection of 0.4 ng mL-1 for PSA detection. Also, we constructed portable equipment using a portable near-infrared imaging camera to collect visual thermal data for the semi-quantitative analysis of the target PSA within 3 min. The specificity, reproducibility and accuracy of the photothermal immunoassay were acceptable. Importantly, our strategy opens new opportunities for protein point-of-care (POC) testing and biosecurity diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoneng Cai
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province) and State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Zhenzhong Yu
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province) and State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Ping Tong
- Testing Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Dianping Tang
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province) and State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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43
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Yamato K, Sekiya R, Nishitani S, Haino T. Intrinsic Emission from Nanographenes. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:3213-3220. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kairi Yamato
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceHiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Ryo Sekiya
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceHiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Shohei Nishitani
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceHiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceHiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
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44
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Lee SH, Kim DY, Lee J, Lee SB, Han H, Kim YY, Mun SC, Im SH, Kim TH, Park OO. Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Hexagonal Graphene Quantum Dots from Solution Chemistry. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:5437-5442. [PMID: 31274324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based carbon nanostructures with nanometer dimensions have been of great interest due to the existence of a bandgap. So far, well-ordered edge structure and uniformly synthesized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with a hexagonal single-crystalline structure have not been directly observed owing to the limited precision of current synthesis approaches. Herein, we report on a novel approach not just for the synthesis of the size-controlled single-crystalline GQDs with hexagonal shape but also for a new discovery on constructing 2D and 3D graphene single crystal structures from d-glucose via catalytic solution chemistry. With size-controlled single-crystalline GQDs, we elucidated the crucial role of edge states on luminescence from the correlation between their crystalline size and exciton lifetime. Furthermore, blue-emissive single-crystalline GQDs were used as an emitter on light-emitting diodes and exhibit stable deep-blue emission regardless of the voltage and doping level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Graduate Program) , KAIST , Daejeon 34141 , South Korea
| | - Do Youb Kim
- Division of Advanced Materials , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Daejeon 34114 , South Korea
| | - Jaemin Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Daejeon 34114 , South Korea
| | - Seul Bee Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Daejeon 34114 , South Korea
| | - Hyun Han
- Division of Advanced Materials , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Daejeon 34114 , South Korea
| | - Young Yun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Graduate Program) , KAIST , Daejeon 34141 , South Korea
- Division of Advanced Materials , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Daejeon 34114 , South Korea
| | - Sung Cik Mun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Graduate Program) , KAIST , Daejeon 34141 , South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Sang Hyuk Im
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , South Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Kim
- Inorganic Material Laboratory , Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology , Suwon , Gyeonggi-do 16678 , South Korea
| | - O Ok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Graduate Program) , KAIST , Daejeon 34141 , South Korea
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45
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Mei Q, Liu B, Han G, Liu R, Han M, Zhang Z. Graphene Oxide: From Tunable Structures to Diverse Luminescence Behaviors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900855. [PMID: 31380218 PMCID: PMC6662067 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the first discovery of luminescent graphene oxide (GO), exponentially increasing investigations on the tunable structures and surfaces for modulating its optical properties have struggled to expand applications in imaging, sensing, biomedical diagnostics, and so on. Here, the latest works on reconstructing or modifying the structures and surfaces of GO to achieve diverse luminescence are systematically reviewed, including fluorescence, electroluminescence, and chemiluminescence. Moreover, the fundamental difficulties of the investigations and applications of luminescent GO nanomaterials are clarified to inspire more constructive thoughts for expanding their application boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Mei
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefeiAnhui230009China
| | - Bianhua Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Intelligent MachinesHefeiAnhui230031China
| | - Guangmei Han
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Intelligent MachinesHefeiAnhui230031China
| | - Renyong Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Intelligent MachinesHefeiAnhui230031China
| | - Ming‐Yong Han
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Intelligent MachinesHefeiAnhui230031China
| | - Zhongping Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Intelligent MachinesHefeiAnhui230031China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefeiAnhui230601China
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46
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Liu C, Bao L, Yang M, Zhang S, Zhou M, Tang B, Wang B, Liu Y, Zhang ZL, Zhang B, Pang DW. Surface Sensitive Photoluminescence of Carbon Nanodots: Coupling between the Carbonyl Group and π-Electron System. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3621-3629. [PMID: 31199162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The functional groups and π-electron system of carbon dots (C-dots) were carefully controlled by several innovative chemical methods, without any changes in size, to unravel the relationship between the surface structure and photoluminescence (PL). The results of experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the PL of C-dots is related to the surface state. The energy gap is determined by the coupling of the π-electron system and carbonyl group, and the quantum yield (QY) is dependent on the carbonyl group. The carbonyl group is the main factor increasing the ratio of nonradiation to radiation recombination, thereby leading to the low QY of C-dots. This work provides a strategy for effectively tuning the structure of C-dots, giving rise to the tunable PL emission wavelength and highly desirable QY, which enables us to further unravel the PL mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), Centre for Intelligent Sensing Technology, College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Bao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Mengli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics , Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics , Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), Centre for Intelligent Sensing Technology, College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics , Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
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47
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Yan Y, Gong J, Chen J, Zeng Z, Huang W, Pu K, Liu J, Chen P. Recent Advances on Graphene Quantum Dots: From Chemistry and Physics to Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1808283. [PMID: 30828898 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201808283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) that are flat 0D nanomaterials have attracted increasing interest because of their exceptional chemicophysical properties and novel applications in energy conversion and storage, electro/photo/chemical catalysis, flexible devices, sensing, display, imaging, and theranostics. The significant advances in the recent years are summarized with comparative and balanced discussion. The differences between GQDs and other nanomaterials, including their nanocarbon cousins, are emphasized, and the unique advantages of GQDs for specific applications are highlighted. The current challenges and outlook of this growing field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Yan
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jun Gong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
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48
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Lee K, Yoon H, Ahn C, Park J, Jeon S. Strategies to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2: 3D nanostructuring and heterostructuring with graphitic carbon nanomaterials. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:7025-7040. [PMID: 30920558 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01260e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
TiO2-based photocatalysis has been considered to be one of the most promising avenues for environmental remediation including water purification. However, several technical issues such as the limited surface area of bulk TiO2, the large band gap of TiO2, and rapid charge recombination still limit the practical application of TiO2 photocatalysts. Therefore, here we focus on two structural design strategies: (i) monolithic three-dimensional (3D) nanostructuring, and (ii) heterostructuring with graphitic carbon nanomaterials. A monolithic 3D nanostructure enables maximal surface area in a given volume and efficient reuse of the photocatalyst without recollection. Heterostructuring with carbon nanomaterials helps achieve maximal utilization of the solar spectrum and charge separation and provides efficient TiO2 photocatalysts. In this review, recent progress on TiO2 photocatalysts toward the abovementioned strategies will be summarized. Further discussion and direction will provide insights into the rational design of highly efficient TiO2 photocatalysts, and help develop advanced photocatalyst models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Advanced Battery Center, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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49
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Wang H, Liu S, Song Y, Zhu BW, Tan M. Universal existence of fluorescent carbon dots in beer and assessment of their potential toxicity. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:160-173. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1530394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yukun Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei-Wei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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50
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Lu L, Zhou L, Chen J, Yan F, Liu J, Dong X, Xi F, Chen P. Nanochannel-Confined Graphene Quantum Dots for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Analysis of Complex Samples. ACS NANO 2018; 12:12673-12681. [PMID: 30485066 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present an electrochemical sensing platform based on nanochannel-confined graphene quantum dots (GQDs) that is able to detect a spectrum of small analytes in complex samples with high sensitivity. Vertically ordered mesoporous silica-nanochannel film (VMSF) is decorated on the supporting electrode, conferring the electrode with excellent antifouling and anti-interference properties through steric exclusion and electrostatic repulsion. The synthesized GQDs with different functionalities are confined in the nanochannels of VMSF through electrophoresis, serving as the recognition element and signal amplifier. Without the usual need of tedious pretreatment, ultrasensitive and fast detection of Hg2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ (with limits of detection (LOD) of 9.8 pM, 8.3 pM, and 4.3 nM, respectively) and dopamine (LOD of 120 nM) in complex food (Hg2+-contaminated seafood), environmental (soil-leaching solution), and biological (serum) samples are realized as proof-of-concept demonstrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lu
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone , Hangzhou 310018 , PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone , Hangzhou 310018 , PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 70 Nanyang Drive , Singapore 637457
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone , Hangzhou 310018 , PR China
| | - Jiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone , Hangzhou 310018 , PR China
| | - Xiaoping Dong
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone , Hangzhou 310018 , PR China
| | - Fengna Xi
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone , Hangzhou 310018 , PR China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 70 Nanyang Drive , Singapore 637457
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