1
|
Jang HJ, Yun G, Shim H, Hwang SY, Kim SY, Kim J, Jung H, Khan MM, Sohn Y. Ultraviolet Light-Assisted Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agent Simulant 2-Chloroethyl Phenyl Sulfide on Metal-Loaded TiO 2/Ti Surfaces. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202300246. [PMID: 38377228 PMCID: PMC11319225 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of ultraviolet (UV) light for the decontamination of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) has gained recognition as an effective method, especially for treating hard-to-reach areas where wet chemical methods are impractical. In this study, TiO2/Ti was employed as a model catalyst, which was contaminated with 2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide (CEPS), and subjected to photocatalytic decontamination using both UVB and UVC light. Additionally, photocatalytic decontamination efficiency by introducing Au, Pt, and Cu onto the TiO2/Ti surface was explored. During the photodecomposition process under UVC light, at least eight distinct secondary byproducts were identified. It was observed that the introduction of overlayer metals did not significantly enhance the photodecomposition under UVC light instead overlaid Au exhibited substantially improved activity under UVB light. Whereas, photodecomposition process under UVB light, only five secondary products were detected, including novel compounds with sulfoxide and sulfone functional groups. This novel study offers valuable insights into the generation of secondary products and sheds light on the roles of overlayer metals and photon wavelength in the photodecontamination process of CWA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ji. Jang
- Department of ChemistryChungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea
| | - Gaeun Yun
- Department of ChemistryChungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea
| | - Huieun Shim
- Department of ChemistryChungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Young Hwang
- Department of ChemistryChungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of ChemistryChungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkwon Kim
- Department of ChemistryChungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea
| | - Heesoo Jung
- Agency for Defense Development (ADD)Daejeon34186Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Mansoob Khan
- Chemical SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei DarussalamJalan Tungku LinkGadongBE 1410Brunei Darussalam
| | - Youngku Sohn
- Department of ChemistryChungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu X, Yan L, Huang W, Wang Y, Wang M, Feng L, Wang P, Wang S. Facile and efficient transformation of thiols to disulfides via a radical pathway with N-anomeric amide. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17780-17784. [PMID: 38832243 PMCID: PMC11145623 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03545c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Radical coupling of thiols is an attractive route for the synthesis of disulfides, but this approach should be promoted by strong oxidants and/or metal salts in combination with additives, which limits its substrate scope and application. In this work, the N-anomeric amide was first found to be able to realize the conversion of thiols to sulfur radicals with high efficiency in the absence of an oxidant or any additives for the synthesis of symmetrical disulfides. The protocol features mild reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance, and moderate to excellent yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University Zhumadian 463000 People's Republic of China
| | - Leyu Yan
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University Zhumadian 463000 People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Huang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University Zhumadian 463000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University Zhumadian 463000 People's Republic of China
| | - Mengya Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University Zhumadian 463000 People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Feng
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University Zhumadian 463000 People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University Zhumadian 463000 People's Republic of China
| | - Shengqiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University Zhumadian 463000 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sun Q, Xu Y, Yang L, Zheng CL, Wang G, Wang HB, Fang Z, Wang CS, Guo K. Direct C-H Sulfuration: Synthesis of Disulfides, Dithiocarbamates, Xanthates, Thiocarbamates and Thiocarbonates. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400124. [PMID: 38421239 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In light of the important biological activities and widespread applications of organic disulfides, dithiocarbamates, xanthates, thiocarbamates and thiocarbonates, the continual persuit of efficient methods for their synthesis remains crucial. Traditionally, the preparation of such compounds heavily relied on intricate multi-step syntheses and the use of highly prefunctionalized starting materials. Over the past two decades, the direct sulfuration of C-H bonds has evolved into a straightforward, atom- and step-economical method for the preparation of organosulfur compounds. This review aims to provide an up-to-date discussion on direct C-H disulfuration, dithiocarbamation, xanthylation, thiocarbamation and thiocarbonation, with a special focus on describing scopes and mechanistic aspects. Moreover, the synthetic limitations and applications of some of these methodologies, along with the key unsolved challenges to be addressed in the future are also discussed. The majority of examples covered in this review are accomplished via metal-free, photochemical or electrochemical approaches, which are in alignment with the overraching objectives of green and sustainable chemistry. This comprehensive review aims to consolidate recent advancements, providing valuable insights into the dynamic landscape of efficient and sustainable synthetic strategies for these crucial classes of organosulfur compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Sun
- School of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Yuan Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Chun-Ling Zheng
- School of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Guowei Wang
- School of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Hai-Bo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Zheng Fang
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Chang-Sheng Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Kai Guo
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang XY, Yang CL, Li N, Xiao HQ, Yu JX, Dong ZB. PPh 3/I 2 Promoted Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Disulfides from Sodium Sulfites and 2-Mercaptobenzo Heterocyclics. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13272-13278. [PMID: 37656971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides is reported. Using sodium sulfites and 2-mercaptobenzo heterocyclic compounds as starting materials, the unsymmetrical sulfur-sulfur bonds could be quickly constructed in the PPh3/I2 reaction system under transition-metal-free conditions. This protocol has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, easily available starting materials, and wide substrate scope, showing potential synthetic value for the synthesis of a diversity of biologically or pharmaceutically active compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Cheng-Li Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Hua-Qing Xiao
- Hubei Greenhome Materials Technology, Inc., Xiantao 433000, China
| | - Jun-Xia Yu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zhi-Bing Dong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
- Hubei Greenhome Materials Technology, Inc., Xiantao 433000, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Das A, Thomas KRJ. Tuning Selectivity in the Visible-Light-Promoted Coupling of Thiols with Alkenes by EDA vs TOCO Complex Formation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:18275-18289. [PMID: 37251145 PMCID: PMC10210280 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The visible-light-promoted catalyst-free condition has been demonstrated for self- and cross-coupling reactions of thiols in an ambient atmosphere. Further, synthesis of β-hydroxysulfides is accomplished under very mild conditions involving the formation of an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex between a disulfide and an alkene. However, the direct reaction of thiol with alkene via the formation of a thiol-oxygen co-oxidation (TOCO) complex failed to produce the desired compounds in high yields. The protocol was successful with several aryl and alkyl thiols for the formation of disulfides. However, the formation of β-hydroxysulfides required an aromatic unit on the disulfide fragment, which supports the formation of the EDA complex during the course of the reaction. The approaches presented in this paper for the coupling reaction of thiols and the synthesis of β-hydroxysulfides are unique and do not require toxic organic or metal catalysts.
Collapse
|
6
|
Cheng X, Li L, Shan S, Pang S, Qu Y, Lu Y. Photooxidative Coupling of Thiols Promoted by Bromo(trichloro)methane in a Basic Aqueous Medium. Synlett 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1752654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
AbstractA transition-metal- and organic-solvent-free oxidative coupling of thiols catalyzed by BrCCl3 and NaOH in an aqueous medium with oxygen as a green oxidant was established The facile and green method has a broad substrate scope in converting thiols into the corresponding disulfides with medium to excellent yields (up to 91%). This method could potentially be used to construct bioactive molecules containing disulfide bonds and to label bioactive molecules with disulfide bonds.
Collapse
|
7
|
Dharpure PD, Behera M, Thube AS, Bhat RG. Base Dependent Rearrangement of Dithiane and Dithiolane under Visible-light Photoredox catalysis. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201128. [PMID: 36630181 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The rearrangement of dithiolanes and dithianes to access disulfide-linked-dithioesters under visible-light photoredox catalysis via controlled C-S bond cleavage has been disclosed. Unlike, the usual deprotection of dithioacetals to corresponding aldehydes under the oxidative conditions, we observed unique regioselective oxidative reactivity of five and six membered cyclic dithioacetals to form disulfide-linked-dithioesters by exchanging DMAP and imidazole bases. The generality of the protocol has been demonstrated by exploring a wide range of substrates. As an application, in situ generated thiyl radical has been trapped with disulfides to prepare hetero-disulfides of potential utility. The protocol proved to be practical on gram scale quantity and relied on clean energy source for the transformation. Based on the series of control experiments, cyclic voltammetry and Stern-Volmer studies the plausible mechanism has been proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj D Dharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mousumi Behera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana S Thube
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ramakrishna G Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dong B, Chen Y, Xie S, Zhang J, Shen J, Xie LG. Practical synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides promoted by bromodimethylsulfonium bromide. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:930-934. [PMID: 36625377 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02124b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative cross-coupling of two thiols is the most direct tool for the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides and highly desirable across academia and industry. However, the inevitable formation of significant amounts of the corresponding symmetrical by-products is a major issue. We herein present a method toward the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides in which the homo-coupling of the thiols is effectively inhibited by adding the two thiols sequentially, taking advantage of rapid oxidation of the thiol by bromodimethylsulfonium bromide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Dong
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yifeng Chen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shubing Xie
- Anhui Changjiang Institute of Metrology, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jieying Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jian Shen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Interfacial Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lan-Gui Xie
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Redox-active ligands for chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical molecular conversions. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
10
|
Meng X, Guo W, Nan G, Li M. Synthesis of pyrrole disulfides via umpolung of β-ketothioamides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7609-7612. [PMID: 36156622 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01506d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Na2CO3-promoted reaction of β-ketothioamides (KTAs) and cyanoacetates was developed for the synthesis of pyrrole disulfides using air as a green oxidant. This protocol features a broad substrate scope and mild reaction conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction involves a tandem unusual umpolung of KTAs, N-cyclization, tautomerization and oxidative coupling process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Meng
- Key Lab of Natural Product Chemistry and Application in Xinjiang, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, P. R. China.
| | - Weisi Guo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.
| | - Guangming Nan
- Key Lab of Natural Product Chemistry and Application in Xinjiang, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, P. R. China.
| | - Ming Li
- Key Lab of Natural Product Chemistry and Application in Xinjiang, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, P. R. China. .,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang J, Studer A. Decatungstate-catalyzed radical disulfuration through direct C-H functionalization for the preparation of unsymmetrical disulfides. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3886. [PMID: 35794128 PMCID: PMC9259577 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31617-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Unsymmetrical disulfides are widely found in the areas of food chemistry, pharmaceutical industry, chemical biology and polymer science. Due the importance of such disulfides in various fields, general methods for the nondirected intermolecular disulfuration of C-H bonds are highly desirable. In this work, the conversion of aliphatic C(sp3)-H bonds and aldehydic C(sp2)-H bonds into the corresponding C-SS bonds with tetrasulfides (RSSSSR) as radical disulfuration reagents is reported. The decatungstate anion ([W10O32]4−) as photocatalyst is used for C-radical generation via intermolecular hydrogen atom transfer in combination with cheap sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8) as oxidant. Herein a series of valuable acyl alkyl disulfides, important precursors for the generation of RSS-anions, and unsymmetrical dialkyl disulfides are synthesized using this direct approach. To demonstrate the potential of the method for late-stage functionalization, approved drugs and natural products were successfully C-H functionalized. Despite the importance of unsymmetrical disulfides in various fields such as food chemistry, pharmaceutical industry, and polymer science, the nondirected intermolecular disulfuration of C-H bonds remains challenging. Here, the authors report the conversion of aliphatic C(sp3)-H bonds and aldehydic C(sp2)-H bonds into the corresponding C-SS bonds with tetrasulfides (RSSSSR) as radical disulfuration reagents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li X, Fan J, Cui D, Yan H, Shan S, Lu Y, Cheng X, Loh TP. Catalyst‐ and metal‐free photo‐oxidative coupling of thiols with BrCCl3. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Li
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Jiali Fan
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Dezhi Cui
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Hui Yan
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Shiquan Shan
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Yongna Lu
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Xiamin Cheng
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis 30 South Puzhu Road 211816 Nanjing CHINA
| | - Teck-peng Loh
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry SINGAPORE
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tay NES, Lehnherr D, Rovis T. Photons or Electrons? A Critical Comparison of Electrochemistry and Photoredox Catalysis for Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2487-2649. [PMID: 34751568 PMCID: PMC10021920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Redox processes are at the heart of synthetic methods that rely on either electrochemistry or photoredox catalysis, but how do electrochemistry and photoredox catalysis compare? Both approaches provide access to high energy intermediates (e.g., radicals) that enable bond formations not constrained by the rules of ionic or 2 electron (e) mechanisms. Instead, they enable 1e mechanisms capable of bypassing electronic or steric limitations and protecting group requirements, thus enabling synthetic chemists to disconnect molecules in new and different ways. However, while providing access to similar intermediates, electrochemistry and photoredox catalysis differ in several physical chemistry principles. Understanding those differences can be key to designing new transformations and forging new bond disconnections. This review aims to highlight these differences and similarities between electrochemistry and photoredox catalysis by comparing their underlying physical chemistry principles and describing their impact on electrochemical and photochemical methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E. S. Tay
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, United States
| | - Dan Lehnherr
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Murray PD, Cox JH, Chiappini ND, Roos CB, McLoughlin EA, Hejna BG, Nguyen ST, Ripberger HH, Ganley JM, Tsui E, Shin NY, Koronkiewicz B, Qiu G, Knowles RR. Photochemical and Electrochemical Applications of Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2017-2291. [PMID: 34813277 PMCID: PMC8796287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We present here a review of the photochemical and electrochemical applications of multi-site proton-coupled electron transfer (MS-PCET) in organic synthesis. MS-PCETs are redox mechanisms in which both an electron and a proton are exchanged together, often in a concerted elementary step. As such, MS-PCET can function as a non-classical mechanism for homolytic bond activation, providing opportunities to generate synthetically useful free radical intermediates directly from a wide variety of common organic functional groups. We present an introduction to MS-PCET and a practitioner's guide to reaction design, with an emphasis on the unique energetic and selectivity features that are characteristic of this reaction class. We then present chapters on oxidative N-H, O-H, S-H, and C-H bond homolysis methods, for the generation of the corresponding neutral radical species. Then, chapters for reductive PCET activations involving carbonyl, imine, other X═Y π-systems, and heteroarenes, where neutral ketyl, α-amino, and heteroarene-derived radicals can be generated. Finally, we present chapters on the applications of MS-PCET in asymmetric catalysis and in materials and device applications. Within each chapter, we subdivide by the functional group undergoing homolysis, and thereafter by the type of transformation being promoted. Methods published prior to the end of December 2020 are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip
R. D. Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - James H. Cox
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Nicholas D. Chiappini
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Casey B. Roos
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | | | - Benjamin G. Hejna
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Suong T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Hunter H. Ripberger
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jacob M. Ganley
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Elaine Tsui
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Nick Y. Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Brian Koronkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Guanqi Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Robert R. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen Y, Sheng D, Wang F, Rao W, Shen SS, Wang SY. Nickel( ii)/TPMPP catalyzed reductive coupling of oxalates and tetrasulfides: synthesis of unsymmetric disulfides. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00945e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Ni(ii)/TPMPP-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling reaction of benzyl oxalates and tetrasulfides to synthesize unsymmetric disulfides is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Daopeng Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Weidong Rao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shu-Su Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99, Xuefu Road, Huqiu District, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Shun-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ma YT, Lin C, Huang X, Liu M, Zhou YB, Wu H. (NH4)2S2O8-Promoted cross-coupling of thiols/diselenides and sulfoxides for the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides/selenosulfides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6550-6553. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01344d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
(NH4)2S2O8-Promoted cross-coupling of thiols/diselenides and sulfoxides to construct unsymmetrical disulfides/selenosulfides is disclosed. Control experiments demonstrate that (NH4)2S2O8 acts as an acid and an oxidant while both ionic and radical routes...
Collapse
|
17
|
Song M, Hu Q, Li ZY, Sun X, Yang K. NFSI-catalyzed S‒S bond exchange reaction for the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
18
|
Spielvogel EH, Stevenson BG, Stringer MJ, Hu Y, Fredin LA, Swierk JR. Insights into the Mechanism of an Allylic Arylation Reaction via Photoredox-Coupled Hydrogen Atom Transfer. J Org Chem 2021; 87:223-230. [PMID: 34882427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite widespread use as a synthetic method, the precise mechanism and kinetics of photoredox coupled hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions remain poorly understood. This results from a lack of detailed kinetic information as well as the identification of side reactions and products. In this report, a mechanistic study of a prototypical tandem photoredox/HAT reaction coupling cyclohexene and 1,4-dicyanobenzene (DCB) using an Ir(ppy)3 photocatalyst and thiol HAT catalyst is reported. Through a combination of electrochemical, photochemical, and spectroscopic measurements, key unproductive pathways and side products are identified and rate constants for the main chemical steps are extracted. The reaction quantum yield was found to decline rapidly over the course of the reaction. An unreported cyanohydrin side product was identified and thought to play a key role as a proton acceptor in the reaction. Transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) and quantum chemical calculations suggested a reaction mechanism that involves radical addition of the nucleophilic DCB radical anion to cyclohexene, with cooperative HAT occurring as the final step to regenerate the alkene. Kinetic modeling of the reaction, using rate constants derived from TAS, demonstrates that the efficiency of the reaction is limited by parasitic absorption and unproductive quenching between excited Ir(ppy)3 and the cyanohydrin photoproduct.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan H Spielvogel
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Vestal, New York 13850, United States
| | - Bernard G Stevenson
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Vestal, New York 13850, United States
| | - Michael J Stringer
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Vestal, New York 13850, United States
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Lisa A Fredin
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - John R Swierk
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Vestal, New York 13850, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bołt M, Żak P. Application of Bulky NHC-Rhodium Complexes in Efficient S-Si and S-S Bond Forming Reactions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17579-17585. [PMID: 34739755 PMCID: PMC8653157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The efficient and straightforward syntheses of silylthioethers and disulfides are presented. The synthetic methodologies are based on new rhodium complexes containing bulky N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands that turned out to be efficient catalysts in thiol and thiol-silane coupling reactions. These green protocols, which use easily accessible reagents, allow obtaining compounds containing S-Si and S-S bonds in solvent-free conditions. Additionally, preliminary tests on coupling of mono- and octahydro-substituted spherosilicates with selected thiols have proved to be very promising and showed that these catalytic systems can be used for the synthesis of a novel class of functionalized silsesquioxane derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Bołt
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Patrycja Żak
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pramanik M, Mathuri A, Sau S, Das M, Mal P. Chlorinative Cyclization of Aryl Alkynoates Using NCS and 9-Mesityl-10-methylacridinium Perchlorate Photocatalyst. Org Lett 2021; 23:8088-8092. [PMID: 34558906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In a chlorinative cyclization, Mes-Acr-MeClO4 acted as a visible-light photocatalyst to obtain 3-chlorocoumarins from aryl alkynoates and N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS). The radical initiated reaction proceeded in a cascading manner via Cl- addition to alkynoates. Next, 5-exo-trig spirocyclization and subsequent 1,2-ester migration led to the formation of C-C and C-Cl bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Pramanik
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Ashis Mathuri
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Sudip Sau
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Monojit Das
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, HBNI, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yamamoto E, Kawai Y, Takakura K, Kimura M, Murayama H, Matsueda H, Otsuki S, Sakata H, Tokunaga M. Convenient Unsymmetrical Disulfane Synthesis: Basic Zeolite‐Catalyzed Thiol‐Disulfane Exchange Reaction. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kawai
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Kei Takakura
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Moemi Kimura
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Haruno Murayama
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Hironobu Matsueda
- Fine Synthesis Technical Div. 1 DIC Corporation 18 Higashifukashiba Kamisu Ibaraki 314-0193 Japan
| | - Shujiro Otsuki
- Fine Synthesis Technical Div. 1 DIC Corporation 18 Higashifukashiba Kamisu Ibaraki 314-0193 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakata
- Fine Synthesis Technical Div. 1 DIC Corporation 18 Higashifukashiba Kamisu Ibaraki 314-0193 Japan
| | - Makoto Tokunaga
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ong CL, Titinchi S, Juan JC, Khaligh NG. An Overview of Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Organic Unsymmetrical Disulfides. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiu Ling Ong
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Salam Titinchi
- Department of Chemistry University of the Western Cape Bellville Cape Town 7535 South Africa
| | - Joon Ching Juan
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Nader Ghaffari Khaligh
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Stevenson BG, Spielvogel EH, Loiaconi EA, Wambua VM, Nakhamiyayev RV, Swierk JR. Mechanistic Investigations of an α-Aminoarylation Photoredox Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8878-8885. [PMID: 34077202 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
While photoredox catalysis continues to transform modern synthetic chemistry, detailed mechanistic studies involving direct observation of reaction intermediates and rate constants are rare. By use of a combination of steady state photochemical measurements, transient laser spectroscopy, and electrochemical methods, an α-aminoarylation mechanism that is the inspiration for a large number of photoredox reactions was rigorously characterized. Despite high product yields, the external quantum yield (QY) of the reaction remained low (15-30%). By use of transient absorption spectroscopy, productive and unproductive reaction pathways were identified and rate constants assigned to develop a comprehensive mechanistic picture of the reaction. The role of the cyanoarene, 1,4-dicyanobenzne, was found to be unexpectedly complex, functioning both as initial proton acceptor in the reaction and as a neutral stabilizer for the 1,4-dicyanobenzene radical anion. Finally, kinetic modeling was utilized to analyze the reaction at an unprecedented level of understanding. This modeling demonstrated that the reaction is limited not by the kinetics of the individual steps but instead by scattering losses and parasitic absorption by a photochemically inactive donor-acceptor complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard G Stevenson
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Ethan H Spielvogel
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Emily A Loiaconi
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Victor Mulwa Wambua
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Roman V Nakhamiyayev
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - John R Swierk
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Golovanov IS, Malykhin RS, Lesnikov VK, Nelyubina YV, Novikov VV, Frolov KV, Stadnichenko AI, Tretyakov EV, Ioffe SL, Sukhorukov AY. Revealing the Structure of Transition Metal Complexes of Formaldoxime. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:5523-5537. [PMID: 33826845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic reactions of iron(III), nickel(II), and manganese(II) chlorides with formaldoxime cyclotrimer (tfoH3) and 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (tacn) produce indefinitely stable complexes of general formula [M(tacn)(tfo)]Cl. Although the formation of formaldoxime complexes has been known since the end of 19th century and applied in spectrophotometric determination of d-metals (formaldoxime method), the structure of these coordination compounds remained elusive until now. According to the X-ray analysis, [M(tacn)(tfo)]+ cation has a distorted adamantane-like structure with the metal ion being coordinated by three oxygen atoms of deprotonated tfoH3 ligand. The metal has a formal +4 oxidation state, which is atypical for organic complexes of iron and nickel. Electronic structure of [M(tacn)(tfo)]+ cations was studied by XPS, NMR, cyclic (CV) and differential pulse (DPV) voltammetries, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. Unusual stabilization of high-valent metal ion by tfo3- ligand was explained by the donation of electron density from the nitrogen atom to the antibonding orbital of the metal-oxygen bond via hyperconjugation as confirmed by the NBO analysis. All complexes [M(tacn)(tfo)]Cl exhibited high catalytic activity in the aerobic dehydrogenative dimerization of p-thiocresol under ambient conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan S Golovanov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Roman S Malykhin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Vladislav K Lesnikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Yulia V Nelyubina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 28, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Valentin V Novikov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 28, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Kirill V Frolov
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics," Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect, 59, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Andrey I Stadnichenko
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Ac. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Evgeny V Tretyakov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Sema L Ioffe
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Alexey Yu Sukhorukov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect, 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991.,Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyanny per. 36, Moscow, Russia, 117997
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Luo Y, Su R, Yang H. Efficient copper(i)-catalyzed oxidative intermolecular 1,2-estersulfenylation of styrenes with peroxyesters and disulfides. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 18:5045-5049. [PMID: 32573616 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00823k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple and practical method for the synthesis of thio-substituted esters through copper(i)-catalyzed intermolecular 1,2-estersulfenylation of styrenes with peroxyesters and disulfides was developed. In this transformation, two new C-S bond and C-O bond were constructed simultaneously under a copper catalyst system, and the transformation exhibits a broad substrate scope and good functional group compatibility. In addition, this method can also be applied to arylthiols. It should be noted that peroxyesters not only acted as nucleophilic reagents but also as oxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Luo
- School of Economics and Management, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China and School of Business, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Rongkui Su
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Hongming Yang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Guo J, Zha J, Zhang T, Ding CH, Tan Q, Xu B. PdCl 2/DMSO-Catalyzed Thiol-Disulfide Exchange: Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Disulfide. Org Lett 2021; 23:3167-3172. [PMID: 33797269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Unsymmetrical disulfides have been effectively prepared through thiol exchange with symmetrical disulfides employing a simple PdCl2/DMSO catalytic system. The given method features excellent functional group tolerance, a broad substrate scope, and operational simplicity. This reaction is especially useful for late-stage functionalization of bioactive scaffolds such as peptides and pharmaceuticals. Disulfide-containing organic dyes have also been prepared. This transformation could be extended to thiol-diselenide or thiol-ditelluride exchange affording RS-SeR' or RS-TeR'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jianjian Zha
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chang-Hua Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qitao Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang D, He Q, Shi K, Xiong M, Zhou Y, Pan Y. Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Disulfides
via
Three‐Component Reaction of Thiosulfonates, Thiourea and Alkyl halides. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dungai Wang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Quan He
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Keqiang Shi
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingteng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- College of Life Sciences China Jiliang University Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jędrzejewski B, Musiejuk M, Doroszuk J, Witt D. Convenient Synthesis of Functionalized Unsymmetrical Vinyl Disulfides and Their Inverse Electron-Demand Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1342. [PMID: 33802147 PMCID: PMC7998207 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The simple, convenient, and efficient methods for the preparation of unsymmetrical vinyl disulfides with additional functional groups under mild conditions with moderate to high yields were designed. The developed methods include the reaction of S-vinyl phosphorodithioate with thiotosylates or S-vinyl thiotosylate with thiols. The designed methods allow for the synthesis of unsymmetrical vinyl disulfides with additional functionalities such as hydroxy, carboxy, protected amino, or ester groups. Vinyl disulfides reacted with the generated transient o-iminothioquinones in an inverse electron-demand [4+2] cycloaddition to produce benzo[b][1,4]thiazine derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dariusz Witt
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (B.J.); (M.M.); (J.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jin S, Li SJ, Ma X, Su J, Chen H, Lan Y, Song Q. Elemental-Sulfur-Enabled Divergent Synthesis of Disulfides, Diselenides, and Polythiophenes from β-CF 3 -1,3-Enynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:881-888. [PMID: 32985082 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Divergent synthesis for precise constructions of cyclic unsymmetrical diaryl disulfides or diselenides and polythiophenes from CF3 -containing 1,3-enynes and S8 was developed when the ortho group is F, Cl, Br, and NO2 on aromatic rings. Meanwhile, disulfides (diselenides) were also quickly constructed when the ortho group is H. These transformations undergo cascade thiophene construction/selective C3-position thiolation process, featuring simple operations, divergent synthesis, broad substrate scope, readily available starting materials, and valuable products. A novel plausible radical annulation process was proposed and validated by DFT calculations for the first time. A series of derivatizations about the thiophene (TBT) and disulfides were also well-represented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Jin
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering at, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Blvd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xingxing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jianke Su
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering at, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Blvd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Haohua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering at, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Blvd, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abe K, Nakada A, Matsumoto T, Uchijyo D, Mori H, Chang HC. Functional Group-Directed Photochemical Reactions of Aromatic Alcohols, Amines, and Thiols Triggered by Excited-State Hydrogen Detachment: Additive-free Oligomerization, Disulfidation, and C(sp 2)-H Carboxylation with CO 2. J Org Chem 2021; 86:959-969. [PMID: 33211498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Exploring new types of photochemical reactions is of great interest in the field of synthetic chemistry. Although excited-state hydrogen detachment (ESHD) represents a promising prospective template for additive-free photochemical reactions, applications of ESHD in a synthetic context remains scarce. Herein, we demonstrate the expansion of this photochemical reaction toward oligomerization, disulfidation, and regioselective C(sp2)-H carboxylation of aromatic alcohols, thiols, and amines. In the absence of any radical initiators in tetrahydrofuran upon irradiation with UV light (λ = 280 or 300 nm) under an atmosphere of N2 or CO2, thiols and catechol afforded disulfides and oligomers, respectively, as main products. Especially, the photochemical disulfidation proceeded highly selectively with the NMR and quantum yields of up to 69 and 0.46%, respectively. In stark contrast, the photolysis of phenylenediamines and aminophenols results in photocarboxylation in the presence of CO2 (1 atm). p-Aminophenol was quantitatively carboxylated by photolysis for 17 h with a quantum yield of 0.45%. Furthermore, the photocarboxylation of phenylenediamines and aminophenols proceeds in a highly selective fashion on the aromatic C(sp2)-H bond next to a functional group, which is directed by the site-selective ESHD of the functional groups for the formation of aminyl and hydroxyl radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Abe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Akinobu Nakada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Daiki Uchijyo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.,Department of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Ho-Chol Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Oka M, Katsube D, Tsuji T, Iida H. Phototropin-Inspired Chemoselective Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Disulfides: Aerobic Oxidative Heterocoupling of Thiols Using Flavin Photocatalysis. Org Lett 2020; 22:9244-9248. [PMID: 33226236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the photochemical mechanism of a plant blue-light receptor, a unique flavin-based photocatalytic system was developed for the chemoselective heterocoupling of two different thiols, which enabled the facile synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides. Owing to the redox- and photo-organocatalysis of flavin, the coupling reaction took place under mild metal-free conditions and visible light irradiation with the use of air, which is recognized as the ideal green oxidant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Oka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504 Japan
| | - Daichi Katsube
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504 Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsuji
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504 Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jin S, Li S, Ma X, Su J, Chen H, Lan Y, Song Q. Elemental‐Sulfur‐Enabled Divergent Synthesis of Disulfides, Diselenides, and Polythiophenes from β‐CF
3
‐1,3‐Enynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Jin
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University 668 Jimei Blvd Xiamen Fujian 361021 P. R. China
| | - Shi‐Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Xingxing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery Fujian Province University College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 P. R. China
| | - Jianke Su
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University 668 Jimei Blvd Xiamen Fujian 361021 P. R. China
| | - Haohua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University 668 Jimei Blvd Xiamen Fujian 361021 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery Fujian Province University College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Makarova M, Barrientos RC, Torres OB, Matyas GR, Jacobson AE, Sulima A, Rice KC. Synthesis of a deuterated 6-AmHap internal standard for the determination of hapten density in a heroin vaccine drug product. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2020; 63:564-571. [PMID: 32876947 PMCID: PMC7717678 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A deuterated hapten was designed and synthesized that will be essential for a future study of residual hapten and stability of a hapten-protein conjugate. This hapten, 6-AmHap, was chosen for a heroin vaccine that is now slated for a Phase 1 clinical trial. A maleimide-thiol bioconjugation strategy was successfully applied to our heroin vaccine to connect the hapten 6-AmHap with an immunogenic carrier protein (tetanus toxoid, TT) through a trityl-protected 3-mercaptopropanamide linker. The antibodies induced by the vaccine have been found to have activity against several opioids, including heroin and its metabolites, and, importantly, leave alternate pain treatment medications such as methadone untouched. To the best of our knowledge, no other hapten for a heroin vaccine has been deuterated, yet this tool may prove to be of great importance in the study of residual hapten during product release and the long-term stability program of a hapten-protein conjugate as part of FDA regulatory requirements. Hydrocodone was the starting material for the synthesis of the deuterated 6-AmHap, with a stable amide at C6 and a 3-mercaptopropanamide linker attached at C3. The desired deuterated product was prepared as the disulfide, 3,3'-disulfanediylbis(N-((7S,7aR,12bS)-7-acetamido-3-[2 H3 ]methyl)-2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,7a-octahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin-9-yl)propanamide), that could be easily reduced to form the needed hapten, N-((4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-7-acetamido-3-[2 H3 ]methyl]-2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,7a-octahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin-9-yl)-3-mercaptopropanamide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Makarova
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rodell C Barrientos
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Oscar B Torres
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gary R Matyas
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Arthur E Jacobson
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Agnieszka Sulima
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang D, Gao Y, Tong Y, Xiong M, Liang X, Zhu H, Pan Y. Unsymmetrical Disulfides Synthesis
via
Cs
2
CO
3
‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction in Water. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dungai Wang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanji Gao
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunli Tong
- Zhejiang East Asia Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Mingteng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Heping Zhu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang X, Xia C, Wu L. Visible-Light-Promoted Photoredox Dehydrogenative Coupling of Phosphines and Thiophenols. Org Lett 2020; 22:7373-7377. [PMID: 32869643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, by applying visible-light photoredox catalysis, we have now achieved the first example of catalytic dehydrogenative coupling of phosphines and thiophenols that proceeds at room temperature. Key to our success is the use of benzaldehyde as a soft oxidant, which avoids the issue of phosphine oxidation. Furthermore, we observed the unexpected dealkylative coupling of secondary and tertiary alkylphosphine with thiophenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianya Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Lipeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ren S, Luo N, Liu K, Liu JB. Synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides via the cross-dehydrogenation of thiols. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519820942872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Organosulfur compounds with unsymmetrical S–S bonds are usually called unsymmetrical disulfides and are widely used in the biological, medicinal, and chemical fields. Their versatility has guided the development of various new methods for the synthesis of disulfides. In recent years, the synthesis of disulfides by cross-dehydrogenation of thiols has attracted much attention due to its high atomic economy. Herein, this review summarizes progress toward the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides under chemical oxidation, electrooxidation, or photocatalysis by cross-dehydrogenation of thiols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangfeng Ren
- Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, P.R. China
| | - Nianhua Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kunming Liu
- Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Biao Liu
- Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Radical substitution on tetrasulfides is demonstrated to be a highly effective means to prepare unsymmetric disulfides. Alkyl and aryl radicals generated thermally or photochemically underwent substitution on readily prepared dialkyl, diaryl, and diacyl tetrasulfides to yield the corresponding disulfides in good to excellent yields. Classic and contemporary thermal and photochemical radical sources could be employed; while photoredox catalysis approaches led to either oxidation or reduction of the tetrasulfide, energy transfer photocatalysis was particularly useful. The success of the approach is driven by the thermodynamic stability of the perthiyl radicals formed upon substitution on the tetrasulfide; they simply combine under the reaction conditions to provide the starting tetrasulfide. Competition kinetic experiments reveal that alkyl radical substitution on tetrasulfides is a rapid reaction (6 × 105 M-1 s-1) that is enhanced at least 6-fold upon moving from dialkyl tetrasulfide to diacyl tetrasulfide due to favorable polar effects. This unique and versatile reaction enables introduction of disulfide moieties from a variety of radical precursors and straightforward access to hydropersulfides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Derek A Pratt
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ryu SH, Ra J, Ko HM. Efficient Synthesis of Sulfenamides through Mitsunobu‐type Coupling Reaction of Thiols with Amines using Dibenzyl Azodicarboxylate. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Se Hwan Ryu
- Department of Bio-Nano ChemistryWonkwang University 460 Iksandae-ro Iksan Jeonbuk 54538 Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Ra
- Department of Bio-Nano ChemistryWonkwang University 460 Iksandae-ro Iksan Jeonbuk 54538 Republic of Korea
| | - Haye Min Ko
- Department of Bio-Nano ChemistryWonkwang University 460 Iksandae-ro Iksan Jeonbuk 54538 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang D, Liang X, Xiong M, Zhu H, Zhou Y, Pan Y. Synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides via PPh 3-mediated reductive coupling of thiophenols with sulfonyl chlorides. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4447-4451. [PMID: 32469364 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00804d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A facile and rapid synthesis of unsymmetrical aryl disulfides using PPh3-mediated reductive coupling of thiophenols with aryl sulfonyl chlorides was described. Good functional group tolerance and scalability were achieved in this strategy. More importantly, the approach enables the introduction of sulfonyl chlorides into the synthesis of asymmetric organic disulfides under catalyst- and base-free conditions. Using this method, unsymmetrical aromatic disulfides could be prepared from inexpensive and readily available starting materials in moderate to excellent isolated yields, through a nucleophilic substitution pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dungai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Mingteng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Heping Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Organotellurium compounds are known to be useful oxidation reagents. For developing a recoverable and reusable reagent, this paper describes the use of an ionic liquid (IL) support for the organotellurium reagent and its application as a recyclable catalyst for thiol oxidation. We have successfully prepared a novel diphenyl telluride derivative 5 bearing an imidazolium hexafluorophosphate group in its structure. It is found that the IL-supported diphenyl telluride 5 efficiently catalyzed the aerobic oxidation of various thiols in [bmim]PF6 solution under photosensitized conditions to provide the corresponding disulfides in excellent yields. The product can be isolated by simple ether extraction. The IL-supported catalyst 5 remaining in the ionic liquid phase can be reused for five successive runs while retaining high catalytic activity (97% yield even in the fifth run).
Collapse
|
41
|
Musiejuk M, Doroszuk J, Jędrzejewski B, Ortiz Nieto G, Marin Navarro M, Witt D. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Z‐Alkenyl Disulfides from α‐Thiophosphorylated Ketones and Thiosulfonates. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Musiejuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland
| | - Justyna Doroszuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland
| | - Bartosz Jędrzejewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland
| | - Gregory Ortiz Nieto
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Witt
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Krumb M, Kammer LM, Forster R, Grundke C, Opatz T. Visible‐Light‐Induced Cleavage of C−S Bonds in Thioacetals and Thioketals with Iodine as a Photocatalyst. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Krumb
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg-University Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Lisa Marie Kammer
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg-University Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Robert Forster
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg-University Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Caroline Grundke
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg-University Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg-University Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Singha N, Das BK, Pramanik B, Das S, Das D. Freeze the dynamicity: charge transfer complexation assisted control over the reaction pathway. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10035-10039. [PMID: 32015816 PMCID: PMC6977459 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03417j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aqueous CT complexes of donor and acceptor molecules with reactive thiol groups were frozen and lyophilized to get alternate D–A assemblies in the solid state. Oxidation of the thiols resulted in asymmetric disulfides exclusively.
Charge transfer (CT) complexes between electron donor and acceptor molecules provide unique alternate D–A arrangements. However, these arrangements cannot be fully translated into chemo-selective organic transformations as the dynamicity of CT complexes in solution results in the co-existence of D–A assemblies and free monomers during the reaction time-scale. A conceptually new strategy to exploit CT complexes toward chemo-selective products by means of seizing the dynamicity of CT complexes is reported here. Aqueous CT complexes of donor and acceptor molecules bearing reactive thiol groups were frozen instantly and cryo-desiccated to get the alternate D–A assemblies intact in the solid state. Oxidation of reactive thiols in an oxygen rich solvent in the solid state resulted in the formation of the hetero-dimer exclusively. CT complexation and appropriate molecular arrangements are the key factors behind successful execution of this novel methodology. The strategy also paves the way to prepare unsymmetrical disulfide molecules from two dissimilar thiols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilotpal Singha
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Assam 781039 , India .
| | - Basab Kanti Das
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Assam 781039 , India .
| | - Bapan Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Assam 781039 , India .
| | - Saurav Das
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Assam 781039 , India .
| | - Debapratim Das
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Assam 781039 , India .
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Parida A, Choudhuri K, Mal P. Unsymmetrical Disulfides Synthesis via Sulfenium Ion. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2579-2583. [PMID: 31136094 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An umpolung approach for the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides via sulfenium ion is reported. In situ generated electrophilic sulfenium ion from electron-rich thiols reacted with second thiols to yield unsymmetrical disulfides. Using an iodine catalyst and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)/water as promoter, the target syntheses were achieved in one pot under aerobic condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amarchand Parida
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Khokan Choudhuri
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Choudhuri K, Pramanik M, Mal P. λ3
-Iodanes as Visible Light Photocatalyst in Thioacetalization of Aldehydes. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khokan Choudhuri
- School of Chemical Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI; PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni 752050 Bhubaneswar District Khurda, Odisha India
| | - Milan Pramanik
- School of Chemical Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI; PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni 752050 Bhubaneswar District Khurda, Odisha India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences; National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI; PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni 752050 Bhubaneswar District Khurda, Odisha India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Biallas P, Mensak TM, Kunz KA, Kirsch SF. The Deazidoalkoxylation: Sequential Nucleophilic Substitutions with Diazidated Diethyl Malonate. J Org Chem 2019; 84:1654-1663. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Biallas
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Tobias M. Mensak
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kevin-Alexander Kunz
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Stefan F. Kirsch
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang K, Xiang Y, Shi Z, Wang H, Li N, Tang B. Asymmetric kinetic resolution of sulfides for the construction of unsymmetric sulfides and chiral 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6351-6354. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01065c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for preparing unsymmetric disulfides using para-quinone methides derived from isatins was developed. In addition, chiral 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles were also obtained with high selectivities via asymmetric kinetic resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiye Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Yanan Xiang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Zhujun Shi
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Hongyu Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| |
Collapse
|