1
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Bhattacharjee S, Hajra A. Site-selective direct nitration of 2 H-indazoles: easy access to 7-nitroindazoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4076-4079. [PMID: 38506140 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00214h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A new site-selective methodology for C-H nitration of 2H-indazoles has been accomplished at the C7 position using iron(III) nitrate. This strategy enables practical access to an array of 7-nitroindazoles with broad functional group tolerance in good yields. The synthesized products have been proven as valuable synthetic intermediates by demonstrating the synthetic utility. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the reaction goes through a radical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvam Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India.
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India.
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2
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Dhara HN, Das B, Barik D, Manna S, Patel BK. Pd(II)-Catalyzed Three-Component Synthesis of Furo[2,3- d]pyrimidines from β-Ketodinitriles, Boronic Acids, and Aldehydes. Org Lett 2023; 25:9070-9075. [PMID: 38088369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
A Pd(II)-catalyzed three-component synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylfuro[2,3-d]pyrimidines from β-ketodinitriles, boronic acids, and aldehydes has been developed. The participation of both nitrile (-CN) groups led to the concurrent construction of furo-pyrimidine via the formation of C-C, C═C, C-O, C-N, and C═N bonds. The compounds show excellent photoluminescence properties with absorption maxima ranging from 348 to 387 nm and emission from 468 to 533 nm. The synthetic utility of the protocol was further demonstrated through a few postsynthetic manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirendra Nath Dhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Bubul Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Dinabandhu Barik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Supriya Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Bhisma K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, India
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3
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Lu YH, Mu SY, Jiang J, Zhou MH, Wu C, Ji HT, He WM. Paraformaldehyde as C1 Synthon: Electrochemical Three-Component Synthesis of Tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-ones in Aqueous Ethanol. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300523. [PMID: 37728196 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
A green and practical method for the electrochemical synthesis of tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-ones through the three-component reaction of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones, N-arylglycines and paraformaldehyde was reported. In this strategy, EtOH played dual roles (eco-friendly solvent and waste-free pre-catalyst) and the in situ generated ethoxide promoted triple sequential deprotonations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Lu
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Si-Yu Mu
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Min-Hang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hong-Tao Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Wei-Min He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
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4
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Liu H, Peng J, Li B, Wang B. Dimeric Manganese-Catalyzed Direct Nucleophilic Addition of C(sp 2)-H Bonds to Inert Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14487-14495. [PMID: 36251701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient direct nucleophilic addition reaction of C(sp2)-H bonds to aldehydes catalyzed by a dimeric manganese has been developed. This reaction has a broad range of substrates, and high yields were also obtained with inert aliphatic aldehydes as substrates. A dimeric Mn2(CO)8Br2 was proven to be a more efficient catalyst precursor than the monomeric Mn(CO)5Br.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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5
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Recent Strategies in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Sequential C–H Activation/Annulation for One-Step Construction of Functionalized Indazole Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154942. [PMID: 35956893 PMCID: PMC9370621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Designing new synthetic strategies for indazoles is a prominent topic in contemporary research. The transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation sequence has arisen as a favorable tool to construct functionalized indazole derivatives with improved tolerance in medicinal applications, functional flexibility, and structural complexity. In the current review article, we aim to outline and summarize the most common synthetic protocols to use in the synthesis of target indazoles via a transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation sequence for the one-step synthesis of functionalized indazole derivatives. We categorized the text according to the metal salts used in the reactions. Some metal salts were used as catalysts, and others may have been used as oxidants and/or for the activation of precatalysts. The roles of some metal salts in the corresponding reaction mechanisms have not been identified. It can be expected that the current synopsis will provide accessible practical guidance to colleagues interested in the subject.
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6
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Yu S, Hong C, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Synthesis of Pyranones: Ru-Catalyzed Cascade Reaction via Vinylic C-H Addition to Glyoxylate. Org Lett 2022; 24:4871-4875. [PMID: 35770909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The efficient synthesis of pyranones is presented by a three-component cascade reaction from readily available acrylic acids, ethyl glyoxylate, and p-toluenesulfonamide under ruthenium catalysis. For the first time, the nucleophilic addition of the vinylic C-H bond of acrylic acids across aldehyde is achieved, and the intramolecular cyclization as well as subsequent second insertion to aldehyde form the substituted butenolides. The elimination of sulfonamides occurs at higher temperature to give the pyranones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuling Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chao Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhanxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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7
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Rh(III)-catalyzed annulation of azobenzenes and α-Cl ketones toward 3-acyl-2H-indazoles. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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8
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Wang K, Wei T, Zhang Y, Hou J, Bai R, Xie Y. Metal-free regioselective C-H amination for the synthesis of pyrazole-containing 2 H-indazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1787-1794. [PMID: 33555276 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02485f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A general and practical regioselective approach for the C-H amination of 2H-indazoles under transition-metal-free conditions was developed. A series of substrates were tested showing eminent functional group tolerance and affording the C-N functionalization products in good to excellent yields. Mechanism studies revealed that a radical process was involved in this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yujia Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jiahao Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Renren Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
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9
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Wu B, Wen X, Chen H, Hu L. N-Nosyl- O-bromoethyl hydroxylamine acts as a multifunctional formaldehyde, formaldimine, and 1,2-oxazetidine surrogate for C–C and C–O bond-forming reactions. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00748c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxylamine could chemo- and stereoselectively produce α-hydroxymethyl and α-aminomethyl ketones and chiral α-alkoxyl and α-aminomethyl carboxylates in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyu Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaolu Wen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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10
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Zhou C, Zhao J, Chen W, Imerhasan M, Wang J. Synthesis of 3‐Unsubstituted Phthalides from Aryl Amides and Paraformaldehyde via Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed C–H Activation. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐Sen University 510275 Guangzhou China
| | - Junqi Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinjiang University Shengli Road 666 830046 Urumqi China
| | - Wenkun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐Sen University 510275 Guangzhou China
| | - Mukhtar Imerhasan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinjiang University Shengli Road 666 830046 Urumqi China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐Sen University 510275 Guangzhou China
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11
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Janardhanan JC, Bhaskaran RP, Praveen VK, Manoj N, Babu BP. Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Syntheses of Indazoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jith C. Janardhanan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices (IUCND) Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT) Cochin Kerala 682022 India
- Chemical Science and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695019 India
| | - Rasmi P. Bhaskaran
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK) Surathkal Karnataka 575025 India
| | - Vakayil K. Praveen
- Chemical Science and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Narayanapillai Manoj
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices (IUCND) Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT) Cochin Kerala 682022 India
| | - Beneesh P. Babu
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK) Surathkal Karnataka 575025 India
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12
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Xiao F, Hu Y, Huang H, Xu F, Deng GJ. Base-controlled divergent synthesis of vinyl sulfones from (benzylsulfonyl)benzenes and paraformaldehyde. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3527-3535. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00362j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A tuneable metal-free protocol for the selective preparation of α-substituted vinyl sulfone and (E)-vinyl sulfone derivatives has been described. The base played an important role in the selectivity control of transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan. Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Yangling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan. Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Huawen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan. Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Fen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan. Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan. Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
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13
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Schoene J, Gazzi T, Lindemann P, Christmann M, Volkamer A, Nazaré M. Probing 2
H
‐Indazoles as Templates for SGK1, Tie2, and SRC Kinase Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1514-1527. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Schoene
- Medicinal ChemistryLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus BerlinBuch Robert-Roessle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Thais Gazzi
- Medicinal ChemistryLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus BerlinBuch Robert-Roessle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Peter Lindemann
- Medicinal ChemistryLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus BerlinBuch Robert-Roessle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Mathias Christmann
- Organische ChemieInstitut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität Berlin Takustrasse. 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Andrea Volkamer
- In silico Toxicology and Structural Bioinformatics Group, Institute of PhysiologyCharité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Medicinal ChemistryLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus BerlinBuch Robert-Roessle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
- Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Str. 2 10178 Berlin Germany
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