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Gao W, Huang H, Wang C, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Li J, Chen X. Microscale Lateral Perovskite Light Emitting Diode Realized by Self-Doping Phenomenon. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4454. [PMID: 39065852 PMCID: PMC11280541 DOI: 10.3390/s24144454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
High-definition near-eye display technology has extremely close sight distance, placing a higher demand on the size, performance, and array of light-emitting pixel devices. Based on the excellent photoelectric performance of metal halide perovskite materials, perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have high photoelectric conversion efficiency, adjustable emission spectra, and excellent charge transfer characteristics, demonstrating great prospects as next-generation light sources. Despite their potential, the solubility of perovskite in photoresist presents a hurdle for conventional micro/nano processing techniques, resulting in device sizes typically exceeding 50 μm. This limitation impedes the further downsizing of perovskite-based components. Herein, we propose a plane-structured PeLED device that can achieve microscale light-emitting diodes with a single pixel device size < 2 μm and a luminescence lifetime of approximately 3 s. This is accomplished by fabricating a patterned substrate and regulating ion distribution in the perovskite through self-doping effects to form a PN junction. This breakthrough overcomes the technical challenge of perovskite-photoresist incompatibility, which has hindered the development of perovskite materials in micro/nano optoelectronic devices. The strides made in this study open up promising avenues for the advancement of PeLEDs within the realm of micro/nano optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Gao
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (W.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - He Huang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;
| | - Chenming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Yongzhe Zhang
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (W.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zilong Zheng
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (W.G.); (Y.Z.)
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Tang J, Zhang G, Wang C, Deng L, Zhu X, Yu H, Wang K, Li J. Investigation of the Role of K 2SO 4 Electrolyte in Hole Transport Layer for Efficient Quasi-2D Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:1112-1120. [PMID: 38262437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Quasi-two-dimensional (2D) perovskite light-emitting diodes are promising light sources for color display and lighting. However, poor carrier injection and transport between the bottom hole transport layer (HTL) and perovskite limit the device performance. Here we demonstrate a simple and effective way to modify the HTL for enhancing the performance of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). An electrolyte K2SO4 is used to mix with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the hole transport layer. The K+ doping helped the quasi-2D perovskite phases grow vertically along the interface of the PEDOT:PSS, fine-modulate the phase distribution, and simultaneously reduce the defect density of quasi-2D perovskites. It also significantly reduced the exciton quenching and injection barrier at PEDOT:PSS and quasi-2D perovskite interface. The optimized green PeLEDs with the K2SO4 doped PEDOT:PSS HTL showed a maximum luminance of 17185 cd/m2 which is almost 4.7 times brighter than the control one, with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 18.64%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Guoshuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Chenming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Liangliang Deng
- Center of Micro-Nano System, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xixiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Haomiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
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Assi DS, Huang H, Karthikeyan V, Theja VCS, de Souza MM, Xi N, Li WJ, Roy VAL. Quantum Topological Neuristors for Advanced Neuromorphic Intelligent Systems. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300791. [PMID: 37340871 PMCID: PMC10460853 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Neuromorphic artificial intelligence systems are the future of ultrahigh performance computing clusters to overcome complex scientific and economical challenges. Despite their importance, the advancement in quantum neuromorphic systems is slow without specific device design. To elucidate biomimicking mammalian brain synapses, a new class of quantum topological neuristors (QTN) with ultralow energy consumption (pJ) and higher switching speed (µs) is introduced. Bioinspired neural network characteristics of QTNs are the effects of edge state transport and tunable energy gap in the quantum topological insulator (QTI) materials. With augmented device and QTI material design, top notch neuromorphic behavior with effective learning-relearning-forgetting stages is demonstrated. Critically, to emulate the real-time neuromorphic efficiency, training of the QTNs is demonstrated with simple hand gesture game by interfacing them with artificial neural networks to perform decision-making operations. Strategically, the QTNs prove the possession of incomparable potential to realize next-gen neuromorphic computing for the development of intelligent machines and humanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dani S. Assi
- Electronics and Nanoscale EngineeringJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Hongli Huang
- Electronics and Nanoscale EngineeringJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Vaithinathan Karthikeyan
- Electronics and Nanoscale EngineeringJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Vaskuri C. S. Theja
- Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueHong KongHong Kong
| | | | - Ning Xi
- Industrial and Manufacturing Systems EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongHong Kong
| | - Wen Jung Li
- Mechanical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueHong KongHong Kong
| | - Vellaisamy A. L. Roy
- School of Science and TechnologyHong Kong Metropolitan UniversityHo Man TinHong KongHong Kong
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Penukula S, Estrada Torrejon R, Rolston N. Quantifying and Reducing Ion Migration in Metal Halide Perovskites through Control of Mobile Ions. Molecules 2023; 28:5026. [PMID: 37446688 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of intrinsic ion migration in metal halide perovskites (MHPs) is one of the main reasons that perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are not stable under operation. In this work, we quantify the ion migration of PSCs and MHP thin films in terms of mobile ion concentration (No) and ionic mobility (µ) and demonstrate that No has a larger impact on device stability. We study the effect of small alkali metal A-site cation additives (e.g., Na+, K+, and Rb+) on ion migration. We show that the influence of moisture and cation additive on No is less significant than the choice of top electrode in PSCs. We also show that No in PSCs remains constant with an increase in temperature but μ increases with temperature because the activation energy is lower than that of ion formation. This work gives design principles regarding the importance of passivation and the effects of operational conditions on ion migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saivineeth Penukula
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Rodrigo Estrada Torrejon
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Nicholas Rolston
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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