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Xu C, Guo J, Chang B, Zhang Y, Tan Z, Tian Z, Duan X, Ma J, Jiang Z, Hou J. Design of probiotic delivery systems and their therapeutic effects on targeted tissues. J Control Release 2024; 375:20-46. [PMID: 39214316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The microbiota at different sites in the body is closely related to disease. The intake of probiotics is an effective strategy to alleviate diseases and be adjuvant in their treatment. However, probiotics may suffer from harsh environments and colonization resistance, making it difficult to maintain a sufficient number of live probiotics to reach the target sites and exert their original probiotic effects. Encapsulation of probiotics is an effective strategy. Therefore, probiotic delivery systems, as effective methods, have been continuously developed and innovated to ensure that probiotics are effectively delivered to the targeted site. In this review, initially, the design of probiotic delivery systems is reviewed from four aspects: probiotic characteristics, processing technologies, cell-derived wall materials, and interactions between wall materials. Subsequently, the review focuses on the effects of probiotic delivery systems that target four main microbial colonization sites: the oral cavity, skin, intestine, and vagina, as well as disease sites such as tumors. Finally, this review also discusses the safety concerns of probiotic delivery systems in the treatment of disease and the challenges and limitations of implementing this method in clinical studies. It is necessary to conduct more clinical studies to evaluate the effectiveness of different probiotic delivery systems in the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Jiahui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Baoyue Chang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhongmei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zihao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaolei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiage Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Zhanmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Juncai Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150028, China.
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2
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Dey S, Sankaran S. Engineered bacterial therapeutics with material solutions. Trends Biotechnol 2024:S0167-7799(24)00174-4. [PMID: 39030122 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in engineered bacterial therapeutics underscore their potential in treating diseases via targeted, live interventions. Despite their promising performance in early clinical phases, no engineered therapeutic bacteria have yet received approval, primarily due to challenges in proving efficacy while ensuring biosafety. Material science innovations, particularly the encapsulation of bacteria within hydrogels, present a promising avenue to enhance bacterial survival, efficacy, and safety in therapeutic applications. This review discusses this interdisciplinary approach to develop living therapeutic materials. Hydrogels not only safeguard the bacteria from harsh physiological conditions but also enable controlled therapeutic release and prevent unintended bacterial dissemination. The strategic use of encapsulation materials could redefine the delivery and functionality of engineered bacterial therapeutics, facilitating their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourik Dey
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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3
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Shirkhan F, Safaei F, Mirdamadi S, Zandi M. The Role of Probiotics in Skin Care: Advances, Challenges, and Future Needs. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10319-y. [PMID: 38965196 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The skin, being the largest organ in the human body, plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the body against invasive pathogens. Therefore, it is essential to reinforce and protect this vital organ. Current research supports the impact of probiotics on skin health and their ability to alleviate various skin disorders. However, the effectiveness and probable side effects of probiotics in skin care remain a subject of debate, necessitating further investigation and analysis. Hence, this study aims to highlight existing gaps and future needs in the current research on probiotics in skin care and pave the way for future investigations. Therefore, we scrutinized the effects of oral (fermented foods and dietary supplements) and non-oral/topical probiotics on skin care, and the mechanism of probiotics that affect skin health. The results of most studies showed that fermented foods containing probiotics, particularly dairy products, positively impact skin health. The research results regarding the efficacy of probiotic supplements and live strains in treating skin disorders show promising potential. However, safety evaluations are crucial, to identify any potential adverse effects. While research has identified numerous potential mechanisms by which probiotics may influence skin health, a complete understanding of their precise mode of action remains elusive. However, it seems that probiotics can exert their positive effects through the gut-skin and gut-skin-brain axis on the human body. Therefore, following the identification of safe probiotics, additional studies should be carried out to establish optimal dosages, potential side effects, suitable regulatory guidelines, and validation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Shirkhan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 19496-35881, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Safaei
- Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Microbial Biotechnology Student in Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Microbial biotechnology, Tehran, 3353511, Iran
| | - Saeed Mirdamadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST), Tehran, 33131-93685, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Zandi
- Department of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, 3353511, Iran.
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4
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Montgomery VA, Wood‐Yang AJ, Styczynski MP, Prausnitz MR. Feasibility of engineered Bacillus subtilis for use as a microbiome-based topical drug delivery platform. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10645. [PMID: 39036074 PMCID: PMC11256169 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-adherence to medication is a major challenge in healthcare that results in worsened treatment outcomes for patients. Reducing the frequency of required administrations could improve adherence but is challenging for topical drug delivery due to the generally short residence time of topical formulations on the skin. In this study, we sought to determine the feasibility of developing a microbiome-based, long-acting, topical delivery platform using Bacillus subtilis for drug production and delivery on the skin, which was assessed using green fluorescent protein as a model heterologous protein for delivery. We developed a computational model of bacteria population dynamics on the skin and used its qualitative predictions to guide experimental design choices. Using an ex vivo pig skin model and a human skin tissue culture model, we saw persistence of delivered bacteria for multiple days and observed little evidence of cytotoxicity to human keratinocyte cells in vitro. Finally, using an in vivo mouse model, we found that the delivered bacteria persisted on the skin for at least 1 day during every-other-day application and did not appear to present safety concerns. Taken together, our results support the feasibility of using engineered B. subtilis for topical drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica A. Montgomery
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia TechGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Amy J. Wood‐Yang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Mark P. Styczynski
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Mark R. Prausnitz
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia TechGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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5
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Lovell K, Ackerson B, Thorpe R, Nicholas M. Topical Prescription Management. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1447:117-129. [PMID: 38724789 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-54513-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
With recent advances in topical therapies for atopic dermatitis (AD), steroid-sparing options like calcineurin inhibitors, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, and phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitors are becoming mainstays in therapy, underscoring the importance of careful selection and usage of topical corticosteroids (TCSs) to minimize side effects. Alongside the necessity of emollient use, these steroid-sparing alternatives offer rapid itch relief and efficacy in improving disease severity. While TCSs still hold a prominent role in AD management, promising novel topical treatments like tapinarof and live biotherapeutics to modulate the skin microbiome are also discussed. Overall, the recent addition of novel topical therapies offers diverse options for AD management and underscores the importance of topical treatments in the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Lovell
- Wake Forest University, Department of Dermatology, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Brad Ackerson
- Duke University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ryan Thorpe
- Duke University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Matilda Nicholas
- Duke University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Durham, NC, USA
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Roslan MAM, Omar MN, Sharif NAM, Raston NHA, Arzmi MH, Neoh HM, Ramzi AB. Recent advances in single-cell engineered live biotherapeutic products research for skin repair and disease treatment. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:95. [PMID: 38065982 PMCID: PMC10709320 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00463-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome has emerged as a key player in maintaining skin health, and dysbiosis has been linked to various skin disorders. Amidst growing concerns regarding the side effects of antibiotic treatments, the potential of live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) in restoring a healthy microbiome has garnered significant attention. This review aims to evaluate the current state of the art of the genetically or metabolically engineered LBPs, termed single-cell engineered LBPs (eLBPs), for skin repair and disease treatment. While some studies demonstrate promising outcomes, the translation of eLBPs into clinical applications remains a significant hurdle. Substantial concerns arise regarding the practical implementation and scalability of eLBPs, despite the evident potential they hold in targeting specific cells and delivering therapeutic agents. This review underscores the need for further research, robust clinical trials, and the exploration of current advances in eLBP-based bioengineered bacterial chassis and new outlooks to substantiate the viability and effectiveness of eLBPs as a transformative approach in skin repair and disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Norfikri Omar
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Azlina Mohd Sharif
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Hanun Ahmad Raston
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Arzmi
- Department of Fundamental Dental & Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 3053, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hui-Min Neoh
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Bazli Ramzi
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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AL-Smadi K, Leite-Silva VR, Filho NA, Lopes PS, Mohammed Y. Innovative Approaches for Maintaining and Enhancing Skin Health and Managing Skin Diseases through Microbiome-Targeted Strategies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1698. [PMID: 38136732 PMCID: PMC10741029 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin microbiome is crucial in maintaining skin health, and its disruption is associated with various skin diseases. Prebiotics are non-digestible fibers and compounds found in certain foods that promote the activity and growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut or skin. On the other hand, live microorganisms, known as probiotics, benefit in sustaining healthy conditions when consumed in reasonable quantities. They differ from postbiotics, which are by-product compounds from bacteria that release the same effects as their parent bacteria. The human skin microbiome is vital when it comes to maintaining skin health and preventing a variety of dermatological conditions. This review explores novel strategies that use microbiome-targeted treatments to maintain and enhance overall skin health while managing various skin disorders. It is important to understand the dynamic relationship between these beneficial microorganisms and the diverse microbial communities present on the skin to create effective strategies for using probiotics on the skin. This understanding can help optimize formulations and treatment regimens for improved outcomes in skincare, particularly in developing solutions for various skin problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadeejeh AL-Smadi
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (K.A.-S.); (V.R.L.-S.)
| | - Vania Rodrigues Leite-Silva
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (K.A.-S.); (V.R.L.-S.)
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP-Diadema, Diadema CEP 09913-030, SP, Brazil; (N.A.F.); (P.S.L.)
| | - Newton Andreo Filho
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP-Diadema, Diadema CEP 09913-030, SP, Brazil; (N.A.F.); (P.S.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Patricia Santos Lopes
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP-Diadema, Diadema CEP 09913-030, SP, Brazil; (N.A.F.); (P.S.L.)
| | - Yousuf Mohammed
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (K.A.-S.); (V.R.L.-S.)
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
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Nelson MT, Coia HG, Holt C, Greenwood ES, Narayanan L, Robinson PJ, Merrill EA, Litteral V, Goodson MS, Saldanha RJ, Grogg MW, Mauzy CA. Evaluation of Human Performance Aiding Live Synthetically Engineered Bacteria in a Gut-on-a-Chip. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5136-5150. [PMID: 36198112 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Synbiotics are a new class of live therapeutics employing engineered genetic circuits. The rapid adoption of genetic editing tools has catalyzed the expansion of possible synbiotics, exceeding traditional testing paradigms in terms of both throughput and model complexity. Herein, we present a simplistic gut-chip model using common Caco2 and HT-29 cell lines to establish a dynamic human screening platform for a cortisol sensing tryptamine producing synbiotic for cognitive performance sustainment. The synbiotic, SYN, was engineered from the common probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 strain. It had the ability to sense cortisol at physiological concentrations, resulting in the activation of a genetic circuit that produces tryptophan decarboxylase and converts bioavailable tryptophan to tryptamine. SYN was successfully cultivated within the gut-chip showing log-phase growth comparable to the wild-type strain. Tryptophan metabolism occurred quickly in the gut compartment when exposed to 5 μM cortisol, resulting in the complete conversion of bioavailable tryptophan into tryptamine. The flux of tryptophan and tryptamine from the gut to the vascular compartment of the chip was delayed by 12 h, as indicated by the detectable tryptamine in the vascular compartment. The gut-chip provided a stable environment to characterize the sensitivity of the cortisol sensor and dynamic range by altering cortisol and tryptophan dosimetry. Collectively, the human gut-chip provided human relevant apparent permeability to assess tryptophan and tryptamine metabolism, production, and transport, enabled host analyses of cellular viability and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, and succeeded in providing an efficacy test of a novel synbiotic. Organ-on-a-chip technology holds promise in aiding traditional therapeutic pipelines to more rapidly down select high potential compounds that reduce the failure rate and accelerate the opportunity for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tyler Nelson
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Heidi G Coia
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- National Research Council, The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 500 Fifth Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20001, United States
| | - Corey Holt
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Eric S Greenwood
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, 1299 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Latha Narayanan
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States
| | - Peter J Robinson
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States
| | - Elaine A Merrill
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Vaughn Litteral
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES Inc., 4401 Dayton-Xenia Road, Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Michael S Goodson
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Roland J Saldanha
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Matthew W Grogg
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Camilla A Mauzy
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 N 5th Street, Bldg. 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
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Etter EL, Heavey MK, Errington M, Nguyen J. Microbe-loaded bioink designed to support therapeutic yeast growth. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5262-5273. [PMID: 37341642 PMCID: PMC10529830 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00514c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) are an emerging class of therapeutics comprised of engineered living organisms such as bacteria or yeast. Bioprinting with living materials has now become possible using modern three-dimensional (3D) printing strategies. While there has been significant progress in bioprinting cells, bioprinting LBPs, specifically yeast, remains in its infancy and has not been optimized. Yeasts are a promising platform to develop into protein biofactories because they (1) grow rapidly, (2) are easy to engineer and manufacture, and (3) are inexpensive to produce. Here we developed an optimized method for loading yeast into hydrogel patches using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing. We assessed the effects of patch geometry, bioink composition, and yeast concentration on yeast viability, patch stability, and protein release, and in doing so developed a patch formulation capable of supporting yeast growth and sustained protein release for at least ten days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Etter
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mairead K Heavey
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Matthew Errington
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Juliane Nguyen
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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10
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Kim SK, Lee M, Lee YQ, Lee HJ, Rho M, Kim Y, Seo JY, Youn SH, Hwang SJ, Kang NG, Lee CH, Park SY, Lee DY. Genome-scale metabolic modeling and in silico analysis of opportunistic skin pathogen Cutibacterium acnes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1099314. [PMID: 37520435 PMCID: PMC10374032 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1099314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutibacterium acnes, one of the most abundant skin microbes found in the sebaceous gland, is known to contribute to the development of acne vulgaris when its strains become imbalanced. The current limitations of acne treatment using antibiotics have caused an urgent need to develop a systematic strategy for selectively targeting C. acnes, which can be achieved by characterizing their cellular behaviors under various skin environments. To this end, we developed a genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) of virulent C. acnes, iCA843, based on the genome information of a relevant strain from ribotype 5 to comprehensively understand the pathogenic traits of C. acnes in the skin environment. We validated the model qualitatively by demonstrating its accuracy prediction of propionate and acetate production patterns, which were consistent with experimental observations. Additionally, we identified unique biosynthetic pathways for short-chain fatty acids in C. acnes compared to other GEMs of acne-inducing skin pathogens. By conducting constraint-based flux analysis under endogenous carbon sources in human skin, we discovered that the Wood-Werkman cycle is highly activated under acnes-associated skin condition for the regeneration of NAD, resulting in enhanced propionate production. Finally, we proposed potential anti-C. acnes targets by using the model-guided systematic framework based on gene essentiality analysis and protein sequence similarity search with abundant skin microbiome taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kyung Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Minouk Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Qing Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Rho
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunkwan Kim
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare (LG H&H), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Seo
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare (LG H&H), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hun Youn
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare (LG H&H), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jin Hwang
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare (LG H&H), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nae Gyu Kang
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare (LG H&H), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Young Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yup Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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11
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Engineered microbial systems for advanced drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 187:114364. [PMID: 35654214 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The human body is a natural habitat for a multitude of microorganisms, with bacteria being the major constituent of the microbiota. These bacteria colonize discrete anatomical locations that provide suitable conditions for their survival. Many bacterial species, both symbiotic and pathogenic, interact with the host via biochemical signaling. Based on these attributes, commensal and attenuated pathogenic bacteria have been engineered to deliver therapeutic molecules to target specific diseases. Recent advances in synthetic biology have enabled us to perform complex genetic modifications in live bacteria and bacteria-derived particles, which simulate micron or submicron lipid-based vectors, for the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents. In this review, we highlight various examples of engineered bacteria or bacteria-derived particles that encapsulate, secrete, or surface-display therapeutic molecules for the treatment or prevention of various diseases. The review highlights recent studies on (i) the production of therapeutics by microbial cell factories, (ii) disease-triggered release of therapeutics by sense and respond systems, (iii) bacteria targeting tumor hypoxia, and (iv) bacteria-derived particles as chassis for drug delivery. In addition, we discuss the potential of such drug delivery systems to be translated into clinical therapies.
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