1
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Zhang C, Wang Y, Li Y, Song J, Wang Y. Click preparation of triazole-bridged teicoplanin-bound chiral stationary phases for efficient separating amino acid enantiomers. Talanta 2024; 274:125984. [PMID: 38537352 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Enantioseparation of amino acids is considered as a challenging task due to the extreme structural similarity of their enantiomers. Herein, teicoplanin was modified with different chemical equivalents of azide groups and attached to silica particles by employing Click Chemistry for resolution of chiral amino acids for the first time. Interestingly, teicoplanin modified with 5-fold the chemical equivalent of azide groups (TK-2 CSP) exhibited superior amino acid separation ability compared to two other columns: one modified with only 1-fold the chemical equivalent of azide groups (TK-1 CSP), and the other modified with excess azide groups (TK-3 CSP). Additionally, the TK-2 CSP exhibited superior enantioselectivity when separating amino acids containing hydrophobic alkyl side chains in comparison to other teicoplanin-based CSPs. The TK-2 CSP column allows the baseline separation of 7 native amino acids. Molecular docking demonstrates that effective enantioseparation arises from distinct patterns of interaction between the host and guest molecules. Moreover, (p-methyl) phenylcarbaminoylated-teicoplanin CSP (TK-4, TK-5 CSP) were prepared by post-modification from TK-1 CSP and TK-2 CSP to isolate Fmoc-modified amino acids. This work explores the impact of various modification methods on the enantioseparation effects of host molecules and paves the way for expanding the potential applications of teicoplanin and macrocyclic glycopeptide molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300075, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300075, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300075, China
| | - Jiatai Song
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300075, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300075, China.
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2
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Mayer LC, Heitsch S, Trapp O. Nonlinear Effects in Asymmetric Catalysis by Design: Concept, Synthesis, and Applications. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3345-3361. [PMID: 36351215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric synthesis constitutes a key technology for the preparation of enantiomerically pure compounds as well as for the selective control of individual stereocenters in the synthesis of complex compounds. It is thus of extraordinary importance for the synthesis of chiral drugs, dietary supplements, flavors, and fragrances, as well as novel materials with tunable and reconfigurable chiroptical properties or the assembly of complex natural products. Typically, enantiomerically pure catalysts are used for this purpose. To prepare enantiomerically pure ligands or organocatalysts, one can make use of the natural chiral pool. Ligands and organocatalysts with an atropisomeric biphenyl and binaphthyl system have become popular, as they are configurationally stable and contain a C2-symmetric skeleton, which has been found to be particularly privileged. For catalysts with opposite configurations, both product enantiomers can be obtained. Configurationally flexible biphenyl systems initially appeared to be unsuitable for this purpose, as they racemize after successful enantiomer separation and thus are neither storable nor afford a reproducible enantioselectivity. However, there are strategies that exploit the dynamics of such ligands to stereoconvergently enrich one of the catalyst enantiomers. This can be achieved, for example, by coordinating an enantiomerically pure additive to a ligand-metal complex, which results in deracemization of the configurationally flexible biphenyl system, thereby enriching the thermodynamically preferred diastereomer. In this Account, we present our strategy to design stereochemically flexible catalysts that combine the properties of supramolecular recognition, stereoconvergent alignment, and catalysis. Such systems are capable to recognize the chirality of the target product, leading to an increase in enantioselectivity during asymmetric catalysis. We have systematically developed and investigated these smart catalyst systems and have found ways to specifically design and synthesize them for various applications. In addition to (i) reaction product-induced chiral amplification, we have developed systems with (ii) intermolecular and (iii) intramolecular recognition, and successfully applied them in asymmetric catalysis. Our results pave the way for new applications such as temperature-controlled enantioselectivity, controlled inversion of enantioselectivity with the same chirality of the recognition unit, generation of positive nonlinear effects, and targeted design of autocatalytic systems through dynamic formation of transient catalysts. Understanding such systems is of enormous importance for catalytic processes leading to symmetry breaking and amplification of small imbalances of enantiomers and offer a possible explanation of homochirality of biological systems. In addition, we are learning how to target supramolecular interactions to enhance enantioselectivities in asymmetric catalysis through secondary double stereocontrol. Configurationally flexible catalysts will enable future resource-efficient development of asymmetric syntheses, as enantioselectivities can be fully switched by stereoselective alignment of the stereochemically flexible ligand core on demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena C Mayer
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Simone Heitsch
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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3
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Betzenbichler G, Huber L, Kräh S, Morkos MLK, Siegle AF, Trapp O. Chiral stationary phases and applications in gas chromatography. Chirality 2022; 34:732-759. [PMID: 35315953 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chiral compounds are ubiquitous in nature and play a pivotal role in biochemical processes, in chiroptical materials and applications, and as chiral drugs. The analysis and determination of the enantiomeric ratio (er) of chiral compounds is of enormous scientific, industrial, and economic importance. Chiral separation techniques and methods have become indispensable tools to separate chiral compounds into their enantiomers on an analytical as well on a preparative level to obtain enantiopure compounds. Chiral gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography have paved the way and fostered several research areas, that is, asymmetric synthesis and catalysis in organic, medicinal, pharmaceutical, and supramolecular chemistry. The development of highly enantioselective chiral stationary phases was essential. In particular, the elucidation and understanding of the underlying enantioselective supramolecular separation mechanisms led to the design of new chiral stationary phases. This review article focuses on the development of chiral stationary phases for gas chromatography. The fundamental mechanisms of the recognition and separation of enantiomers and the selectors and chiral stationary phases used in chiral gas chromatography are presented. An overview over syntheses and applications of these chiral stationary phases is presented as a practical guidance for enantioselective separation of chiral compound classes and substances by gas chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Huber
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kräh
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Alexander F Siegle
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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4
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Chalifoux WA, Sitaula P, Malone RJ, Longhi G, Abbate S, Gualtieri E, Lucotti A, Tommasini M, Franzini R, Villani C, Catalano VJ. π‐Extended Helical Nanographenes: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Naphtho[1,2‐a]pyrenes. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley A. Chalifoux
- University of Nevada, Reno Chemistry 1664 N. Virginia StreetDepartment of Chemistry, MS216 89557 Reno UNITED STATES
| | | | | | - Giovanna Longhi
- Università degli Studi di Brescia Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale: Universita degli Studi di Brescia Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale ITALY
| | - Sergio Abbate
- Università degli Studi di Brescia Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale: Universita degli Studi di Brescia Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale ITALY
| | - Eva Gualtieri
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Chimica Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica Giulio Natta Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta" ITALY
| | - Andrea Lucotti
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Chimica Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica Giulio Natta Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta" ITALY
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Chimica Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica Giulio Natta Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta" ITALY
| | - Roberta Franzini
- University of Rome La Sapienza Department of Chemistry: Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza Dipartimento di Chimica Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco ITALY
| | - Claudio Villani
- University of Rome: Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco ITALY
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5
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Tomooka K, Kawasaki Y, Tanaka S, Igawa K. Synthesis and Stereochemical Analysis of Planar Chiral Nine-Membered Aza-Orthocyclophyne. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-22-s(r)18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Menke J, Scholz K, Trapp O. Synthesis of Stereochemically Flexible Cyclic Biphenylbisphosphinite Ligands: Control of the Dynamics and Selectivity. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan‐Michael Menke
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 DE-81377 Munich Germany
| | - Katharina Scholz
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 DE-81377 Munich Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 DE-81377 Munich Germany
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7
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Auras S, Trapp O. Scorpio‐Ligand: Synthesis of Biphenyl‐Dihydroazepine Phosphoramidite Ligands for Asymmetric Hydrogenation. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Auras
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 DE-81377 Munich Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 DE-81377 Munich Germany
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8
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Ioannou PC, Grigoropoulos A, Stergiou K, Raptopoulou CP, Psycharis V, Svoboda J, Kyritsis P, Vohlídal J. Structural and catalytic properties of the [Ni(BIPHEP)X2] complexes, BIPHEP = 2,2-diphenylphosphino-1,1-biphenyl; X = Cl, Br. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Low Temperature Dynamic Chromatography for the Separation of the Interconverting Conformational Enantiomers of the Benzodiazepines Clonazolam, Flubromazolam, Diclazepam and Flurazepam. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13061012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are an important class of psychoactive drugs with hypnotic-sedative, myorelaxant, anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties due to interaction with the GABAa receptor in the central nervous system of mammals. BZDs are interesting both in clinical and forensic toxicology for their pharmacological characteristics and potential of abuse. The presence of a non-planar diazepine ring generates chiral conformational stereoisomers, even in the absence of stereogenic centers. A conformational enrichment of BZD at the binding sites has been reported in the literature, thus making interesting a stereodynamic screening of a wide range of BZDs. Herein, we report the investigation of three stereolabile 1,4-benzodiazepine included in the class of “designer benzodiazepines” (e.g., diclazepam, a chloro-derivative of diazepam, and two triazolo-benzodiazepines, flubromazolam and clonazolam) and a commercially available BZD known as flurazepam, in order to study the kinetic of the “ring-flip” process that allows two conformational enantiomers to interconvert at high rate at room temperature. A combination of low temperature enantioselective dynamic chromatography on chiral stationary phase and computer simulations of the experimental chromatograms allowed us to measure activation energies of enantiomerization (ΔG‡) lower than 18.5 kcal/mol. The differences between compounds have been correlated to the pattern of substitutions on the 1,4-benzodiazepinic core.
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10
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Sabia R, Ciogli A, Pierini M, Franzini R, Iazzetti A, Villani C. Chromatographic separation of the interconverting enantiomers of imidazo- and triazole-fused benzodiazepines. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1647:462148. [PMID: 33957345 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The toolbox of medicinal chemists includes the 1,4-benzodiazepine scaffold as a "privileged scaffold" in drug discovery. Several biologically active small molecules containing a 1,4-benzodiazepine scaffold have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of various diseases, with most of them being used for their psychotropic effects. The therapeutic potential of 1,4-benzodiazepines has stimulated the interest of synthetic chemists in developing new synthetic strategies to a range of substituted analogues for biological evaluation. A structural variation of the classical benzodiazepine skeleton is observed e.g. in alprazolam, midazolam, and related benzodiazepines, which contain a 1,2,4-triazole or an imidazole ring fused to the benzodiazepine core. Irrespective of the presence of the fused heterocyclic ring, the seven-membered diazepine ring is far from planar, and its shape resembles a twist chair. Then, the unsymmetrical substitution pattern around the seven membered cycle renders these molecules chiral, as they lack any reflection-type symmetry element. However, chirality of this molecules is labile at room temperature, becausea simple ring flipping process converts one enantiomer into the other, and 1,4-benzodiazepines exist as a mixture of rapidly interconverting conformational enantiomers in solution at or near room temperature. Physical separation of the interconverting enantiomers of diazepam and of other related 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones can be accomplished by low temperature HPLC on chiral stationary phases (CSPs). If the HPLC column is cooled down to temperatures where the interconversion rate is sufficiently low, compared to the chromatographic separation rate, distinct separated peaks can be observed, provided the CSP is sufficiently enantioselctive. The apparent rate constants for the on-column enantiomerization and the corresponding free energy activation barriers were obtained by simulation of exchange-deformed HPLC profiles using a computer program based on the stochastic model. Here we report on the dynamic HPLC investigations carried out on a set of fused imidazo and triazolo-benzodiazepines (alprazolam, midazolam, triazolam and estazolam) The experimental dynamic chromatograms and the corresponding interconversion barriers reported in this paper show that the third fused heterocyclic ring increase the energy barrier by 2 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocchina Sabia
- SapienzaUniversità di Roma, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessia Ciogli
- SapienzaUniversità di Roma, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Pierini
- SapienzaUniversità di Roma, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Franzini
- SapienzaUniversità di Roma, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185Rome, Italy
| | - Antonia Iazzetti
- SapienzaUniversità di Roma, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Villani
- SapienzaUniversità di Roma, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185Rome, Italy.
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11
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Pelliccioli V, Franzini R, Mazzeo G, Villani C, Abbate S, Longhi G, Licandro E, Cauteruccio S. Chiral bis(benzo[1,2- b:4,3- b′]dithiophene) atropisomers: experimental and theoretical investigations of the stereochemical and chiroptical properties. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03248h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conformational chirality is a feature that may arise from the presence of a hindered rotation around a single bond that corresponds to a stereogenic axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pelliccioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Franzini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzeo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, Università di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudio Villani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Sergio Abbate
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, Università di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO), CNR, Research Unit of Brescia, c/o CSMT, via Branze 45, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Longhi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, Università di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO), CNR, Research Unit of Brescia, c/o CSMT, via Branze 45, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Licandro
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Cauteruccio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy
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12
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Trapp O, Lamour S, Maier F, Siegle AF, Zawatzky K, Straub BF. In Situ Mass Spectrometric and Kinetic Investigations of Soai's Asymmetric Autocatalysis. Chemistry 2020; 26:15871-15880. [PMID: 32822103 PMCID: PMC7756584 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reactions that lead to a spontaneous symmetry breaking or amplification of the enantiomeric excess are of fundamental interest in explaining the formation of a homochiral world. An outstanding example is Soai's asymmetric autocatalysis, in which small enantiomeric excesses of the added product alcohol are amplified in the reaction of diisopropylzinc and pyrimidine-5-carbaldehydes. The exact mechanism is still in dispute due to complex reaction equilibria and elusive intermediates. In situ high-resolution mass spectrometric measurements, detailed kinetic analyses and doping with in situ reacting reaction mixtures show the transient formation of hemiacetal complexes, which can establish an autocatalytic cycle. We propose a mechanism that explains the autocatalytic amplification involving these hemiacetal complexes. Comprehensive kinetic experiments and modelling of the hemiacetal formation and the Soai reaction allow the precise prediction of the reaction progress, the enantiomeric excess as well as the enantiomeric excess dependent time shift in the induction period. Experimental structural data give insights into the privileged properties of the pyrimidyl units and the formation of diastereomeric structures leading to an efficient amplification of even minimal enantiomeric excesses, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Trapp
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichButenandtstr. 5-1381377MunichGermany
- Max-Planck-Institute for AstronomyKönigstuhl 1769117HeidelbergGermany
| | - Saskia Lamour
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichButenandtstr. 5-1381377MunichGermany
- Max-Planck-Institute for AstronomyKönigstuhl 1769117HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Maier
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichButenandtstr. 5-1381377MunichGermany
| | - Alexander F. Siegle
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichButenandtstr. 5-1381377MunichGermany
| | - Kerstin Zawatzky
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichButenandtstr. 5-1381377MunichGermany
| | - Bernd F. Straub
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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13
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Scholtes JF, Trapp O. Design and synthesis of a stereodynamic catalyst with reversal of selectivity by enantioselective self-inhibition. Chirality 2019; 31:1028-1042. [PMID: 31646689 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chirality plays a pivotal role in an uncountable number of biological processes, and nature has developed intriguing mechanisms to maintain this state of enantiopurity. The strive for a deeper understanding of the different elements that constitute such self-sustaining systems on a molecular level has sparked great interest in the studies of autoinductive and amplifying enantioselective reactions. The design of these reactions remains highly challenging; however, the development of generally applicable principles promises to have a considerable impact on research of catalyst design and other adjacent fields in the future. Here, we report the realization of an autoinductive, enantioselective self-inhibiting hydrogenation reaction. Development of a stereodynamic catalyst with chiral sensing abilities allowed for a chiral reaction product to interact with the catalyst and change its selectivity in order to suppress its formation, which caused a reversal of selectivity over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Felix Scholtes
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Scholtes JF, Trapp O. Enantioselectivity Induced by Stereoselective Interlocking: A Novel Core Motif for Tropos Ligands. Chemistry 2019; 25:11707-11714. [PMID: 31336015 PMCID: PMC7522685 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined supramolecular interactions are a powerful tool to control the stereochemistry of a catalytic reaction. In this paper, we report a novel core motif for fluxional 2,2'-biphenyl ligands carrying (S)-amino acid-derived interaction sites in 5,5'-position that cause spontaneous enrichment of the Rax rotamer. The process is based on strong non-covalent interlocking between interaction sites, which causes diastereoselective formation of a supramolecular ligand dimer, in which the axial chirality of the two subunits is dictated by the stereochemical information in the amino acid residues. The detailed structure of the dimer was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Three different phosphorus-based ligand types, namely a bisphosphine, a bisphosphinite and a phosphoramidite were synthesized and characterized. Whereas the first one was found to exist in a strongly weighted equilibrium, the two others each exhibited stereoconvergent behavior transforming into the diastereopure Rax rotamer. Enriched ligands were used in rhodium-mediated asymmetric hydrogenation reactions of prochiral olefins in which very high enantioselectivities of up to 96:4 were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Felix Scholtes
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Scholtes JF, Trapp O. Inducing Enantioselectivity in a Dynamic Catalyst by Supramolecular Interlocking. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6306-6310. [PMID: 30786123 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The design of a new class of fluxional biphenyl bisphosphinite (BIBIPHOS) ligands decorated with amino acid-based diamide interaction sites is reported that undergo spontaneous desymmetrization. Hydrogenation of prochiral alkenes using Rh-BIBIPHOS results in enantiomeric ratios of up to 96:4 (R/S). This stereoconvergent behavior of the fluxional BIBIPHOS ligand is triggered by pronounced intermolecular interlocking of the recognition sites, leading to the formation of a supramolecular assembly, where the axial orientation of the biphenyl ligand backbone is governed by the chirality of the amino acid moieties. Stereoinduction during catalysis is decoupled from this process and occurs as an immediate consequence of the emergent behavior of the ligands. This supramolecular system is very robust and has the potential to be adopted for other ligand designs in enantioselective catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Felix Scholtes
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Scholtes JF, Trapp O. Inducing Enantioselectivity in a Dynamic Catalyst by Supramolecular Interlocking. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Felix Scholtes
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy Königstuhl 17 69117 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy Königstuhl 17 69117 Heidelberg Germany
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17
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Viglianisi C, Biagioli C, Lippi M, Pedicini M, Villani C, Franzini R, Menichetti S. Synthesis of Heterohelicenes by a Catalytic Multi-Component Povarov Reaction. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Viglianisi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia, 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Chiara Biagioli
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia, 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Martina Lippi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia, 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Chemistry; Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”; Milan Polytechnic; via Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Maria Pedicini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia, 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Claudio Villani
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs; University “La Sapienza”; P.le A. Moro 5 - 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Roberta Franzini
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs; University “La Sapienza”; P.le A. Moro 5 - 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Stefano Menichetti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia, 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
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18
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Storch G, Trapp O. Supramolecular chirality transfer in a stereodynamic catalysts. Chirality 2018; 30:1150-1160. [PMID: 30103282 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We present rhodium catalysts that contain stereodynamic axially chiral biphenol-derived phosphinite ligands modified with non-stereoselective amides for non-covalent interactions. A chirality transfer was achieved with (R)- or (S)-acetylphenylalanine methyl amide, and the interaction mechanism was investigated by NMR measurements. These interactions at the non-stereoselective interaction sites and the formation of supramolecular complexes result in an enrichment of either the (Rax )- or (Sax ) enantiomer of the tropos catalysts, which in turn provide the (R)- or (S)-acetylphenylalanine methyl ester in the hydrogenation of (Z)-methyl-α-acetamidocinnamate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golo Storch
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
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19
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Wenz KM, Leonhardt-Lutterbeck G, Breit B. Inducing Axial Chirality in a Supramolecular Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Marie Wenz
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg i. Brsg. Germany
| | - Günter Leonhardt-Lutterbeck
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg i. Brsg. Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg i. Brsg. Germany
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20
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Wenz KM, Leonhardt-Lutterbeck G, Breit B. Inducing Axial Chirality in a Supramolecular Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5100-5104. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Marie Wenz
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg i. Brsg. Germany
| | - Günter Leonhardt-Lutterbeck
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg i. Brsg. Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg i. Brsg. Germany
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21
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Passera A, Iuliano A, Pérez-Torrente JJ, Passarelli V. Mechanistic insights into the tropo-inversion of the biphenyl moiety in chiral bis-amido phosphites and in their palladium(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:2292-2305. [PMID: 29367987 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04829g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral bis-amido phosphites L1 and L2 containing a diaminobiphenyl unit and a chiral alkoxy group derived from either (-)-menthol or 3-acetoxy deoxycholic methyl ester have been synthesised. Both L1 and L2 react with PdCl2(NCPh)2 affording di- or mononuclear derivatives with formula trans-[Pd(μ-Cl)Cl(L)]2 (1a, L = L1; 1b, L = L2) or trans-PdCl2(L)2 (2a, L = L1; 2b, L = L2) depending on the Pd : L molar ratio. The crystal structure of (M,P)-1a confirms the trans arrangement of the ligand L1 and shows an unusual puckering of the Pd2(μ-Cl)2 core (θ 46°). Both the ligands L1 and L2 and their complexes (1 and 2) are fluxional in solution as a consequence of the tropo-inversion of the diaminobiphenyl unit. For L1, L2, 1a and 2a a combined study including variable temperature 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy and line shape analysis, Eyring plots and DFT calculations have shed light on the mechanism of the tropo-inversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Passera
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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22
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Wong YF, Kulsing C, Marriott PJ. Switchable Enantioselective Three- and Four-Dimensional Dynamic Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry: Example Study of On-Column Molecular Interconversion. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5620-5628. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Foo Wong
- Australian Centre for Research
on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Chadin Kulsing
- Australian Centre for Research
on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Philip J. Marriott
- Australian Centre for Research
on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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23
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Peluso P, Mamane V, Aubert E, Cossu S. Recent trends and applications in liquid-phase chromatography enantioseparation of atropisomers. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1830-1850. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR - Sede Secondaria di Sassari; Sassari Italy
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg; UMR CNRS; Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Emmanuel Aubert
- Cristallographie, Résonance Magnétique et Modélisations (CRM ), UMR CNRS; Université de Lorraine; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
| | - Sergio Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia; Mestre Venezia Italy
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24
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Gabrieli S, Cirilli R, Benincori T, Pierini M, Rizzo S, Rossi S. BITHIENOLs: PromisingC2-Symmetric Biheteroaromatic Diols for Organic Transformation. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gabrieli
- Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia dell'Università dell'Insubria; Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Dipartimento del Farmaco; Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Viale Regina Elena 299 00161 Roma Italy
| | - Tiziana Benincori
- Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia dell'Università dell'Insubria; Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy
| | - Marco Pierini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”; Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | | | - Sergio Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
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25
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Storch G, Trapp O. By-design enantioselective self-amplification based on non-covalent product-catalyst interactions. Nat Chem 2016; 9:179-187. [PMID: 28282051 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of enantiomerically pure compounds is of great importance in pharmaceuticals, fragrances and biological applications, and functions as a key to many processes in nature. Asymmetric catalysis using enantiomerically pure catalysts represents an efficient synthetic method to achieve this goal. The enantiomeric excess of the reaction product correlates with the enantiomeric purity of the catalysts, except for nonlinear behaviour, therefore the use of stereochemically flexible catalysts seems to complicate the control of stereoselectivity. Self-amplifying catalytic reactions are attractive, but a general rational design is highly challenging. Here we show that product interaction with chiral recognition sites attached to structurally flexible phoshoramidite-type catalysts can sense the chirality and induce enantioselectivity in the catalyst. Structural flexibility along with sensing of the chirality of the product molecules results in a rapid increase of enantioselectivity of the dynamic catalysts (Δe.e. of up to 76%) and a shift out of equilibrium. In contrast to stereodynamic catalysts controlled with cleavable chiral auxiliaries, the enantioselectivity does not decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golo Storch
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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26
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Storch G, Maier F, Wessig P, Trapp O. Rotational Barriers of Substituted BIPHEP Ligands: A Comparative Experimental and Theoretical Study. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Golo Storch
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Pablo Wessig
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Potsdam; Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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27
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Moskowitz M, Xu H, Wolf C. Enantiomerization Kinetics of 2,2′‐Disubstituted Biphenyls: A Dynamic Chiral HPLC Investigation. Isr J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Max Moskowitz
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University 37th and O Streets Washington DC 20057 (USA)
| | - Hanhui Xu
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University 37th and O Streets Washington DC 20057 (USA)
| | - Christian Wolf
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University 37th and O Streets Washington DC 20057 (USA)
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28
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Storch G, Pallmann S, Rominger F, Trapp O. Stereodynamic tetrahydrobiisoindole "NU-BIPHEP(O)"s: functionalization, rotational barriers and non-covalent interactions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:1453-8. [PMID: 27559397 PMCID: PMC4979906 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereodynamic ligands offer intriguing possibilities in enantioselective catalysis. “NU-BIPHEPs” are a class of stereodynamic diphosphine ligands which are easily accessible via rhodium-catalyzed double [2 + 2 + 2] cycloadditions. This study explores the preparation of differently functionalized “NU-BIPHEP(O)” compounds, the characterization of non-covalent adduct formation and the quantification of enantiomerization barriers. In order to explore the possibilities of functionalization, we studied modifications of the ligand backbone, e.g., with 3,5-dichlorobenzoyl chloride. Diastereomeric adducts with Okamoto-type cellulose derivatives and on-column deracemization were realized on the basis of non-covalent interactions. Enantioselective dynamic HPLC (DHPLC) allowed for the determination of rotational barriers of ΔG‡298K = 92.2 ± 0.3 kJ mol−1 and 99.5 ± 0.1 kJ mol−1 underlining the stereodynamic properties of “NU-BIPHEPs” and “NU-BIPHEP(O)s”, respectively. These results make the preparation of tailor-made functionalized stereodynamic ligands possible and give an outline for possible applications in enantioselective catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golo Storch
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Pallmann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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29
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Fischer F, Siegle AF, Checinski M, Fischer C, Kral K, Thede R, Trapp O, Hapke M. Synthesis of Naphthylpyridines from Unsymmetrical Naphthylheptadiynes and the Configurational Stability of the Biaryl Axis. J Org Chem 2016; 81:3087-102. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Fischer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander F. Siegle
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marek Checinski
- CreativeQuantum GmbH (Adlershof), Wegedornstrasse
32, D-12524 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Fischer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Karolin Kral
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Richard Thede
- Institut für
Biochemie, Universität Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marko Hapke
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
- Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Institut für
Katalyse, Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
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30
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Oczipka P, Müller D, Leitner W, Franciò G. Enantiodivergent asymmetric catalysis with the tropos BIPHEP ligand and a proline derivative as chiral selector. Chem Sci 2016; 7:678-683. [PMID: 29861999 PMCID: PMC5952544 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03465e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A catalytic system based on the tropos ligand BIPHEP and (S)-proline methyl ester as chiral selector was studied for Rh-catalysed asymmetric catalysis. By careful control of the catalyst preformation conditions, the enantioselectivity could be completely reversed in asymmetric hydrogenation of prochiral olefins maintaining the same absolute level in favorable cases. The enantiodivergent asymmetric catalysis could be rationalised by the interplay of the dynamic chirality (tropos) of the phosphine ligand and the coordination of the proline selector. Treating a suitable Rh-BIPHEP precursor with the (Sc)-proline-based ionic liquid led to an equimolar mixture of (RaSc)- and (SaSc)-diastereomers that is kinetically stable at 0 °C. At higher temperature, an irreversible diastereomerisation process was observed resulting in the diastereomerically pure (RaSc)-complex [Rh{(Ra)-BIPHEP}{(Sc)-ProlOMe}]. Whereas the use of the pure (RaSc)-complex led to 51% ee (R) in the hydrogenation of methyl 2-acetamidoacrylate, the S-product was formed with almost identical enantioselectivity when the (RaSc)/(SaSc)-mixture was applied under identical conditions. This inversion was associated with the relative stability of the diastereomers in the equilibria forming the catalytically active substrate complex. The possibility to use this different reactivity to control the direction of enantioselectivity was demonstrated for the hydrogenation of different substrates whereby ee's of up to 80% could be achieved. Moreover, the (RaSc)-complex led to high enantioselectivities of up 86% ee in the asymmetric hydroboration of styrene, approaching the performance of the atropos BINAP ligand for this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Oczipka
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie , RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2 , 52074 Aachen , Germany . ;
| | - D Müller
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie , RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2 , 52074 Aachen , Germany . ;
| | - W Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie , RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2 , 52074 Aachen , Germany . ;
| | - G Franciò
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie , RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2 , 52074 Aachen , Germany . ;
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31
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Watson AJB, Frost JR. Highlights from the 51st EUCHEM conference on stereochemistry, Bürgenstock, Switzerland, May 2016. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:9173-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc90302a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
On Sunday 1st May 2016, 104 chemists made their way to the picturesque town of Brunnen, located on the banks of the Vierwalstättersee (Lake Lucerne) to participate in the 51st EUCHEM conference on stereochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan J. B. Watson
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- WestCHEM
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - James R. Frost
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- UK
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32
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Bailly L, Petit E, Maeno M, Shibata N, Trapp O, Cardinael P, Chataigner I, Cahard D. Enantiomerization of Allylic Trifluoromethyl Sulfoxides Studied by HPLC Analysis and DFT Calculations. Chirality 2015; 28:136-42. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Bailly
- UMR 6014 CNRS C.O.B.R.A., FR3038 INC3M, CNRS; Université de Rouen & INSA de Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan France
| | - Emilie Petit
- UMR 6014 CNRS C.O.B.R.A., FR3038 INC3M, CNRS; Université de Rouen & INSA de Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan France
| | - Mayaka Maeno
- UMR 6014 CNRS C.O.B.R.A., FR3038 INC3M, CNRS; Université de Rouen & INSA de Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan France
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya Institute of Technology; Gokiso, Showa-ku Nagoya Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya Institute of Technology; Gokiso, Showa-ku Nagoya Japan
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Pascal Cardinael
- Normandie Université, Laboratoire SMS EA 3233; Université de Rouen; Chromatography Unit, FR3038 INC3M Mont Saint Aignan France
| | - Isabelle Chataigner
- UMR 6014 CNRS C.O.B.R.A., FR3038 INC3M, CNRS; Université de Rouen & INSA de Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan France
| | - Dominique Cahard
- UMR 6014 CNRS C.O.B.R.A., FR3038 INC3M, CNRS; Université de Rouen & INSA de Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan France
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33
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Stockinger S, Troendlin J, Rominger F, Trapp O. On-Column Reaction Set-Up for High-Throughput Screenings and Mechanistic Investigations. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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34
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Shibukawa M, Miyake A, Eda S, Saito S. Determination of the cis–trans Isomerization Barriers of l-Alanyl-l-proline in Aqueous Solutions and at Water/Hydrophobic Interfaces by On-Line Temperature-Jump Relaxation HPLC and Dynamic On-Column Reaction HPLC. Anal Chem 2015; 87:9280-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masami Shibukawa
- Graduate School of Science
and Technology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Ayaka Miyake
- Graduate School of Science
and Technology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Sayaka Eda
- Graduate School of Science
and Technology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Shingo Saito
- Graduate School of Science
and Technology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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35
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Caronna T, Mele A, Famulari A, Mendola D, Fontana F, Juza M, Kamuf M, Zawatzky K, Trapp O. A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Stereodynamics of Monoaza[5]helicenes: Solvent‐Induced Increase of the Enantiomerization Barrier in 1‐Aza‐[5]helicene. Chemistry 2015; 21:13919-24. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tullio Caronna
- Università di Bergamo, INSTM R.U. and Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienze Applicate Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine (Bergamo) (Italy)
| | - Andrea Mele
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20132 Milano (Italy)
| | - Antonino Famulari
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20132 Milano (Italy)
| | - Daniele Mendola
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20132 Milano (Italy)
| | - Francesca Fontana
- Università di Bergamo, INSTM R.U. and Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienze Applicate Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine (Bergamo) (Italy)
| | - Markus Juza
- Corden Pharma Switzerland LLC, Eichenweg 1, 4410 Liestal (Switzerland)
| | - Matthias Kamuf
- Ruprecht‐Karls Universität Heidelberg, Organisch‐Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany) www.trapp.uni‐hd.de
| | - Kerstin Zawatzky
- Ruprecht‐Karls Universität Heidelberg, Organisch‐Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany) www.trapp.uni‐hd.de
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Ruprecht‐Karls Universität Heidelberg, Organisch‐Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany) www.trapp.uni‐hd.de
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Storch G, Spallek MJ, Rominger F, Trapp O. Tautomerization-Mediated Molecular Switching Between Six- and Seven-Membered Rings Stabilized by Hydrogen Bonding. Chemistry 2015; 21:8939-45. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Storch G, Trapp O. Temperature-Controlled Bidirectional Enantioselectivity in a Dynamic Catalyst for Asymmetric Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:3580-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201412098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Storch G, Trapp O. Temperaturgesteuerte bidirektionale Enantioselektivität eines dynamischen Katalysators für asymmetrische Hydrierungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201412098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Walz S, Weis S, Franz M, Rominger F, Trapp O. Investigation of the enantiomerization barriers of the phthalimidone derivatives EM12 and lenalidomide by dynamic electrokinetic chromatography. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:796-804. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Walz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sylvia Weis
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Mareike Franz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
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40
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Sabia R, Ciogli A, Pierini M, Gasparrini F, Villani C. Dynamic high performance liquid chromatography on chiral stationary phases. Low temperature separation of the interconverting enantiomers of diazepam, flunitrazepam, prazepam and tetrazepam. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1363:144-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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41
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Maier F, Trapp O. Selektorinduzierte dynamische Deracemisierung eines selektandmodifizierten tropos-BIPHEPO-Liganden: Anwendung in der organokatalysierten asymmetrischen Doppelaldolreaktion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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42
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Maier F, Trapp O. Selector-Induced Dynamic Deracemization of a Selectand-Modified Tropos BIPHEPO-Ligand: Application in the Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Double-Aldol-Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8756-60. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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43
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Mazzanti A, Chiarucci M, Bentley KW, Wolf C. Computational and DNMR Investigation of the Isomerism and Stereodynamics of the 2,2′-Binaphthalene-1,1′-diol Scaffold. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3725-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5005229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mazzanti
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michel Chiarucci
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Keith W. Bentley
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Christian Wolf
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
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44
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Humbert N, Larionov E, Mantilli L, Nareddy P, Besnard C, Guénée L, Mazet C. Highly ModularC1-Symmetric Chiral (P,N) Ligands with a Stereolabile P Center: Experimental and Theoretical Studies. Chemistry 2013; 20:745-51. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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45
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Bentley KW, Nam YG, Murphy JM, Wolf C. Chirality Sensing of Amines, Diamines, Amino Acids, Amino Alcohols, and α-Hydroxy Acids with a Single Probe. J Am Chem Soc 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ja410428b#_blank] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith W. Bentley
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Yea G. Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Jaslynn M. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Christian Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
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46
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Bentley KW, Nam YG, Murphy JM, Wolf C. Chirality sensing of amines, diamines, amino acids, amino alcohols, and α-hydroxy acids with a single probe. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:18052-5. [PMID: 24261969 DOI: 10.1021/ja410428b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A stereodynamic probe for determination of the absolute configuration and enantiomeric composition of chiral amines, diamines, amino alcohols, amino acids, and α-hydroxy carboxylic acids is described. The chirality sensing is based on spontaneous asymmetric transformation of the first kind with stereolabile binaphtholate boron and zinc complexes. The substrate binding and chiral amplification processes yield a distinctive chiroptical sensor output at high wavelength that can be used for rapid and accurate ee detection of minute sample amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith W Bentley
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University , Washington, DC 20057, United States
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47
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Wernisch S, Trapp O, Lindner W. Application of cinchona-sulfonate-based chiral zwitterionic ion exchangers for the separation of proline-containing dipeptide rotamers and determination of on-column isomerization parameters from dynamic elution profiles. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 795:88-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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48
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Vanthuyne N, Roussel C. Chiroptical Detectors for the Study of Unusual Phenomena in Chiral Chromatography. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2013; 340:107-51. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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49
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Kurono N, Katayama T, Ohkuma T. Preparation of Diastereomerically Pure and Mixed (S)-PhGly/BIPHEP/Ru(II) Complexes and Their Catalytic Behavior with Li2CO3 in Asymmetric Cyanosilylation of Benzaldehyde. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20120351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhito Kurono
- Division of Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Taiki Katayama
- Division of Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Takeshi Ohkuma
- Division of Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
- Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
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50
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Ayitou AJL, Fukuhara G, Kumarasamy E, Inoue Y, Sivaguru J. Enantiospecific Photochemical Transformations under Elevated Pressure. Chemistry 2013; 19:4327-34. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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