1
|
Singh J, Singh A, Nath M. A divergent one-pot thiol-Michael strategy to create β-thiophene-fused porphyrins. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4369-4377. [PMID: 38738686 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00598h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A divergent one-pot domino strategy for the synthesis of nickel(II) and copper(II) β-thiophene-fused 5,10,15,20-tetraarylporphyrins was developed through a thiol-Michael addition of thioglycolic/thiolactic acid to the corresponding 2-iminoporphyrins, formed in situ after the reaction of nickel(II) and copper(II) 2-formyl-5,10,15,20-tetraarylporphyrins with sterically hindered tert-butylamine in 1,2-dichloroethane at 80 °C. Interestingly, the reaction of 2-formylporphyrins with comparatively less sterically hindered primary amines and thioglycolic acid afforded a mixture of β-substituted porphyrinic thiazolidinones and β-thiophene-fused porphyrins. A similar one-pot thiol-Michael protocol was applied to construct a novel free-base thieno[2,3-b]-meso-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)porphyrin, which underwent zinc insertion by using zinc acetate in a CHCl3-MeOH mixture and afforded zinc(II) β-thiophene-fused meso-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)porphyrin in an appreciable isolated yield. On photophysical evaluation, these new porphyrins displayed a modest bathochromically shifted electronic absorption in contrast to meso-tetraarylporphyrin building blocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagmeet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India.
| | - Abhijeet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India.
| | - Mahendra Nath
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun K, Ishikawa A, Itaya R, Toichi Y, Yamakado T, Osuka A, Tanaka T, Sakamoto K, Kawai S. On-Surface Synthesis of Polyene-Linked Porphyrin Cooligomer. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13551-13559. [PMID: 38757371 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
π-Conjugated molecules are viewed as fundamental components in forthcoming molecular nanoelectronics in which semiconducting functional units are linked to each other via metallic molecular wires. However, it is still challenging to construct such block cooligomers on the surface. Here, we present a synthesis of [18]-polyene-linked Zn-porphyrin cooligomers via a two-step reaction of the alkyl groups on Cu(111) and Cu(110). Nonyl groups (-C9H19) substituted at the 5,15-meso positions of Zn-porphyrin were first transformed to alkenyl groups (-C9H10) by dehydrogenation. Subsequently, homocoupling of the terminal -CH2 groups resulted in the formation of extended [18]-polyene-linked porphyrin cooligomers. The structures of the products at each reaction step were investigated by bond-resolved scanning tunneling microscopy at low temperatures. A combination of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations revealed the metallic property of the all trans [18]-polyene linker on Cu(110). This finding may provide an approach to fabricate complex nanocarbon structures on the surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Sun
- International Center for Young Scientists, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ishikawa
- Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Ryota Itaya
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Toichi
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamakado
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Spintronics Research Network Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kawai
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shanu M, Acharyya JN, Sankar M, Vijaya Prakash G. Enhanced Femtosecond Nonlinearities and Multiphoton Absorptions in Discrete Bands of Porphyrins. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:12895-12904. [PMID: 37523680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Optical nonlinearities of discrete absorption energy levels of one of the typical heterocyclic aromatic molecules, free-base porphyrins, have been probed over a broad spectral region (400-1600 nm) utilizing intense femtosecond pulses. A wide range of strong one- and multiphoton-induced nonlinear absorptions of both the blue-end Soret (B) band (au → b1g) and red-end orbital mixing split quasi-allowed Q-bands (Qx(0,0; 0,1), Qy(0,0; 0,1), au → eg) are critically probed and reported. During the resonant excitation within B- (400 nm) and Q-bands (600-750 nm), the nonlinear absorption has become predominant by the saturation of absorption (SA) of the one-photon absorption (1PA) process due to ground-state bleaching. At nonresonant wavelengths, it is dominated by the reverse saturation of absorption (RSA), involving various nonlinear processes of two-, three-, and four-photon (2PA, 3PA, and 4PA) absorptions, either to B- or Q-bands (1100-1600 nm). The laser intensity-dependent nonresonant (2PA, 800 nm) excitations for the prominent B-band show a distinct cross-over from SA to RSA, contributed by the excited-state absorption (ESA) utilizing a three-photon induced (3PA) process, whereas resonant (1PA, 400 nm) excitation reveals a systematic strong SA process. Both wavelength- and intensity-dependent nonlinear refractive index studies exhibit positive electronic Kerr-based self-focusing effects, with prominent contributions of nonlinear absorption and higher-order effects. The spectrally discrete, highly intense laser probing of individual energy bands and the consequent variety of nonlinearities can be broadly generalized for many free-base porphyrins and metalloporphyrins. The present studies provide a strong foundation and new insight into the broad categories of macrocycles, such as porphyrins and phthalocyanines, for myriad applications in nonlinear optics and bio/optophotonics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shanu
- Nanophotonics Lab., Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Jitendra Nath Acharyya
- Nanophotonics Lab., Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Muniappan Sankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - G Vijaya Prakash
- Nanophotonics Lab., Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Labella J, Durán-Sampedro G, Krishna S, Martínez-Díaz MV, Guldi DM, Torres T. Anthracene-Fused Oligo-BODIPYs: A New Class of π-Extended NIR-Absorbing Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214543. [PMID: 36350769 PMCID: PMC10107270 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Large π-conjugated systems are key in the area of molecular materials. Herein, we prepare via AuI -catalyzed cyclization a series of fully π-conjugated anthracene-fused oligo-BODIPYs. Their structural and optoelectronic properties were studied by several techniques, ranging from X-ray, UV/Vis, and cyclic voltammetry to transient absorption spectroscopy. As a complement, their electronic structures were explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Depending on the size and shape of the π-conjugated skeleton, unique features-such as face-to-face supramolecular organization, NIR absorption and fluorescence as well as strong electron accepting character-were noted. All in all, the aforementioned features render them valuable for technological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Labella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Durán-Sampedro
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Swathi Krishna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Victoria Martínez-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ishizuka T, Grover N, Kingsbury CJ, Kotani H, Senge MO, Kojima T. Nonplanar porphyrins: synthesis, properties, and unique functionalities. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7560-7630. [PMID: 35959748 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00391k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins are variously substituted tetrapyrrolic macrocycles, with wide-ranging biological and chemical applications derived from metal chelation in the core and the 18π aromatic surface. Under suitable conditions, the porphyrin framework can deform significantly from regular planar shape, owing to steric overload on the porphyrin periphery or steric repulsion in the core, among other structure modulation strategies. Adopting this nonplanar porphyrin architecture allows guest molecules to interact directly with an exposed core, with guest-responsive and photoactive electronic states of the porphyrin allowing energy, information, atom and electron transfer within and between these species. This functionality can be incorporated and tuned by decoration of functional groups and electronic modifications, with individual deformation profiles adapted to specific key sensing and catalysis applications. Nonplanar porphyrins are assisting breakthroughs in molecular recognition, organo- and photoredox catalysis; simultaneously bio-inspired and distinctly synthetic, these molecules offer a new dimension in shape-responsive host-guest chemistry. In this review, we have summarized the synthetic methods and design aspects of nonplanar porphyrin formation, key properties, structure and functionality of the nonplanar aromatic framework, and the scope and utility of this emerging class towards outstanding scientific, industrial and environmental issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Nitika Grover
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Christopher J Kingsbury
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hiroaki Kotani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Mathias O Senge
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Technical University of Munich, Focus Group - Molecular and Interfacial Engineering of Organic Nanosystems, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun Q, Mateo LM, Robles R, Ruffieux P, Bottari G, Torres T, Fasel R, Lorente N. Magnetic Interplay between π-Electrons of Open-Shell Porphyrins and d-Electrons of Their Central Transition Metal Ions. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105906. [PMID: 35302718 PMCID: PMC9259720 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Magnetism is typically associated with d- or f-block elements, but can also appear in organic molecules with unpaired π-electrons. This has considerably boosted the interest in such organic materials with large potential for spintronics and quantum applications. While several materials showing either d/f or π-electron magnetism have been synthesized, the combination of both features within the same structure has only scarcely been reported. Open-shell porphyrins (Pors) incorporating d-block transition metal ions represent an ideal platform for the realization of such architectures. Herein, the preparation of a series of open-shell, π-extended Pors that contain magnetically active metal ions (i.e., CuII , CoII , and FeII ) through a combination of in-solution and on-surface synthesis is reported. A detailed study of the magnetic interplay between π- and d-electrons in these metalloPors has been performed by scanning probe methods and density functional theory calculations. For the Cu and FePors, ferromagnetically coupled π-electrons are determined to be delocalized over the Por edges. For the CoPor, the authors find a Kondo resonance resulting from the singly occupied CoII dz 2 orbital to dominate the magnetic fingerprint. The Fe derivative exhibits the highest magnetization of 3.67 μB (S≈2) and an exchange coupling of 16 meV between the π-electrons and the Fe d-states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- nanotech@surfaces LaboratoryEmpa ‐ Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
- Materials Genome InstituteShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China
| | - Luis M. Mateo
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
- IMDEA‐NanocienciaCampus de CantoblancoMadrid28049Spain
| | - Roberto Robles
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC‐UPV/EHU)Paseo de Manuel de Lardizabal 5Donostia‐San Sebastián20018Spain
| | - Pascal Ruffieux
- nanotech@surfaces LaboratoryEmpa ‐ Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Bottari
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
- IMDEA‐NanocienciaCampus de CantoblancoMadrid28049Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
- IMDEA‐NanocienciaCampus de CantoblancoMadrid28049Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
| | - Roman Fasel
- nanotech@surfaces LaboratoryEmpa ‐ Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
- Department of ChemistryBiochemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BernBern3012Switzerland
| | - Nicolás Lorente
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC‐UPV/EHU)Paseo de Manuel de Lardizabal 5Donostia‐San Sebastián20018Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)Donostia‐San Sebastián20018Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ishizuka T, Kojima T. Recent Development of π-Expanded Porphyrin Derivatives by Peripheral Ring Fusion. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Borissov A, Maurya YK, Moshniaha L, Wong WS, Żyła-Karwowska M, Stępień M. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:565-788. [PMID: 34850633 PMCID: PMC8759089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys recent progress in the chemistry of polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules with a focus on structural diversity and synthetic methodology. The article covers literature published during the period of 2016-2020, providing an update to our first review of this topic (Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (4), 3479-3716).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet
Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang K, Liu P, Zhang F, Xu L, Zhou M, Nakai A, Kato K, Furukawa K, Tanaka T, Osuka A, Song J. A Robust Porphyrin-Stabilized Triplet Carbon Diradical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7002-7006. [PMID: 33393192 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of robust high-spin carbon radicals is an important topic in organic chemistry. Toward this end, several porphyrin-stabilized radicals have been systematically explored. A singly naphthalene-fused porphyrin radical was synthesized by a reaction sequence consisting of a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of β-borylated porphyrin with 2-bromobenzaldehyde, addition of mesityl Grignard reagent, intramolecular Friedel-Crafts alkylation, and final oxidation with DDQ or tBuOK/O2 . This strategy was also used to synthesize doubly naphthalene-fused porphyrins and syn- and anti-fused-anthracene-bridged porphyrin dimers. While singly naphthalene-fused porphyrin radical has been shown to be a stable monoradical, doubly naphthalene-fused porphyrins and anti-fused-anthracene-bridged porphyrin dimers have been shown to be closed-shell molecules. Finally, the syn-dimer was characterized as a surprisingly stable radical (t1/2 =28 days under ambient air and at 80 °C) that is storable for more than several months, despite its high-spin triplet ground-state carbon diradical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaisheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Pingting Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Fenni Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Ling Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Mingbo Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Akito Nakai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ko Furukawa
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jianxin Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Wang K, Liu P, Zhang F, Xu L, Zhou M, Nakai A, Kato K, Furukawa K, Tanaka T, Osuka A, Song J. A Robust Porphyrin‐Stabilized Triplet Carbon Diradical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaisheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Pingting Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Fenni Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Ling Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Mingbo Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Akito Nakai
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Kenichi Kato
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Ko Furukawa
- Center for Instrumental Analysis Niigata University Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Jianxin Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Maeda C, Shirakawa T, Ema T. Synthesis and electronic properties of carbazole-based core-modified diporphyrins showing near infrared absorption. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:15048-15051. [PMID: 33196711 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06289h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Directly linked carbazole-based core-modified diporphyrin D2 and fused diporphyrin F2 were synthesized. These diporphyrins showed significant electronic interactions and conjugation allowing for redshifted near infrared (NIR) absorption and small HOMO-LUMO gaps as confirmed by NIR absorption spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, and DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Maeda
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yamashita KI, Hirano D, Fujimaki K, Sugiura KI. Synthesis of Porphyrinquinone and Doubly-Fused Diporphyrin Quinone Through Oxidation of Diarylporphyrins Using a Hypervalent Iodine Compound. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3037-3043. [PMID: 32749058 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of a meso-diarylporphyrin with PhI(OAc)2 in the presence of BF3 ⋅ OEt2 and propionic acid affords the corresponding porphyrinquinone in a high yield (91%). A novel quinone derived from meso-meso β-β doubly-fused diporphyrin was obtained as the sole byproduct (16% yield), which exhibits strong panchromatic absorption between 300 and 1000 nm. It has a low HOMO-LUMO gap owing to expanded and low-symmetry π-planes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hirano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fujimaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Sugiura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sun Q, Mateo LM, Robles R, Ruffieux P, Lorente N, Bottari G, Torres T, Fasel R. Inducing Open-Shell Character in Porphyrins through Surface-Assisted Phenalenyl π-Extension. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18109-18117. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Luis M. Mateo
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus
de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Robles
- Centro de Fı́sica de Materiales, CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo de Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pascal Ruffieux
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Lorente
- Centro de Fı́sica de Materiales, CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo de Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Giovanni Bottari
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus
de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus
de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roman Fasel
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li C, Zhu L, Liang W, Su R, Yin J, Hu Y, Lan Y, Wu D, You J. An unusual [4 + 2] fusion strategy to forge meso-N/ O-heteroarene-fused (quinoidal) porphyrins with intense near-infrared Q-bands. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7274-7280. [PMID: 31588297 PMCID: PMC6686728 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01596e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Divergent synthesis of meso-N/O-heteroarene-fused (quinoidal) porphyrins was established via rhodium-catalyzed β-C–H activation/annulation of quinoidal porphyrins with alkynes.
Here we present a divergent synthesis of brand-new types of meso-N/O-heteroarene-fused (quinoidal) porphyrins through Rh-catalyzed β-C–H activation/annulation of 5,15-dioxoporphyrins and dioxime derivatives with alkynes, in which the synthetic disconnections are difficult to access through the commonly used intramolecular cyclization strategy. Using the O-methyl oxime as a traceless oxidizing directing group, the meso-N-embedded pyridine-fused anti-quinoidal porphyrin 3 and pyridinium-fused cation 4 are formed with controllable chemoselectivity and complete anti-selectivity. Replacing the exocyclic oxime with a carbonyl group delivers the pyran-fused porphyrin 5, achieving structural conversion from a quinoidal conformation to a stable porphyrin macrocycle. Further oxidation of the expanded dimer 5ea gives the oxonium 6, which exhibits intense near-infrared (NIR) Q-bands up to 1300 nm. Theoretical studies demonstrate that the incorporation of a heteroatom at the meso-position enables more effective π-extension, resulting in a 22π aromatic (vs. 18π aromatic) character of pyran-fused porphyrins (syn/anti-5aa). Compared with the commercially available methylene blue (MB), syn-5al exhibits a better ability (ΦΔ = 0.61) to sensitize singlet oxygen (1O2) when irradiated with a 680 nm laser beam, and has potential as a photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizer in the body's therapeutic window (650–900 nm).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China .
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400030 , P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China .
| | - Rongchuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China .
| | - Jiangliang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China .
| | - Yanmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China .
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400030 , P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China .
| | - Jingsong You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China .
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Maeda C, Tanaka Y, Shirakawa T, Ema T. Synthesis and electronic properties of π-expanded carbazole-based porphyrins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10162-10165. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05079e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral π-expansion of carbazole-based porphyrins was achieved for the first time by the Pt-catalyzed cyclization and the incorporation of a benzocarbazole unit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Maeda
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Tsushima
- Japan
| | - Yumi Tanaka
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Tsushima
- Japan
| | - Takuma Shirakawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Tsushima
- Japan
| | - Tadashi Ema
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Tsushima
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho Sakyo-ku, 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho Sakyo-ku, 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shimizu D, Osuka A. Porphyrinoids as a platform of stable radicals. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1408-1423. [PMID: 29675188 PMCID: PMC5892410 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05210c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-innocent ligand nature of porphyrins was observed for compound I in enzymatic cycles of cytochrome P450. Such porphyrin radicals were first regarded as reactive intermediates in catabolism, but recent studies have revealed that porphyrinoids, including porphyrins, ring-contracted porphyrins, and ring-expanded porphyrins, display excellent radical-stabilizing abilities to the extent that radicals can be handled like usual closed-shell organic molecules. This review surveys four types of stable porphyrinoid radical and covers their synthetic methods and properties such as excellent redox properties, NIR absorption, and magnetic properties. The radical-stabilizing abilities of porphyrinoids stem from their unique macrocyclic conjugated systems with high electronic and structural flexibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science , Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan .
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science , Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan .
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Umetani M, Naoda K, Tanaka T, Osuka A. Synthesis and antiaromatic character of alkyl-substituted di-peri-dinaphthoporphyrin Ni(II) complex. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424617500808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Antiaromatic molecules have recently been proven to display unique properties such as small HOMO–LUMO gaps, ambipolar carrier transporting and [Formula: see text]-stack-induced aromatic stabilizations. These intriguing properties have been demonstrated by stable antiaromatic molecules that exhibit a distinct antiaromatic character. Di-peri-dinaphthoporphyrins are peripherally [Formula: see text]-extended porphyrinoids that exhibit a planar structure and a distinct antiaromatic character stemming from their 24[Formula: see text] electron circuit. Herein, we report an alkyl-substituted di-peri-dinaphthoporphyrin Ni(II) complex 5Ni bearing less peripheral bulkiness as compared with phenyl-substituted ones. 5Ni displayed upfield-shifted [Formula: see text]H NMR signals due to [Formula: see text]-protons, indicating its distinct antiaromaticity, and a slightly shorter intermolecular packing distance (ca. 3.402 Å) in the solid state. Cyclic voltammetry shows a larger potential difference between the first and second oxidation waves, implying that this molecule tends to stack favorably in its oxidized state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Umetani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Koji Naoda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Maeda C, Takaishi K, Ema T. Palladium Complexes of Carbazole-Based Chalcogenaisophlorins: Synthesis, Structure, and Solid-State NIR Absorption Spectra. Chempluschem 2017; 82:1368-1371. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Maeda
- Division of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; Tsushima Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Kazuto Takaishi
- Division of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; Tsushima Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Tadashi Ema
- Division of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Okayama University; Tsushima Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Achary BS, Gokulnath S, Ghosh S, Mrinalini M, Prasanthkumar S, Giribabu L. Unprecedented Charge-Transfer Complex of Fused Diporphyrin as Near-Infrared Absorption-Induced High-Aspect-Ratio Nanorods. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:3498-3502. [PMID: 27781413 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Charge-transfer (CT) complexes of near-infrared absorbing systems have been unknown until now. Consequently, structural similarities between donor and acceptor are rather important to achieve this phenomenon. Herein, we report electron donors such as non-fused diporphyrin-anthracene (DP), zinc diporphyrin-anthracene (ZnDP) and fused zinc diporphyrin-anthracene (FZnDP) in which FZnDP absorbs in NIR region and permits a CT complex with the electron acceptor, perylene diimide (PDI) in CHCl3 exclusively. UV/Vis-NIR absorption, 1 H NMR, NOESY and powder X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that the CT complex formation occurs by π-π stacking between perylene units in FZnDP and PDI upon mixing together in a 1:1 molar concentration in CHCl3 , unlike non-fused ZnDP and DP. TEM and AFM images revealed that the CT complex initially forms nanospheres leading to nanorods by diffusion of CH3 OH vapors into the CHCl3 solution of FZnDP/PDI (1:1 molar ratio). Therefore, these CT nanorods could lead to significant advances in optical, biological and ferroelectric applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Shivaprasad Achary
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007, Telangana, India
| | - Sabapathi Gokulnath
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Scientific and Educational Research (IISER), Trivandrum-695016, Kerala, India
| | - Samrat Ghosh
- Photoscience&Photonics Division, CSIR-National Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Trivandrum-695019, Kerala, India
| | - Madoori Mrinalini
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007, Telangana, India
| | - Seelam Prasanthkumar
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007, Telangana, India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|