1
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Nishikata T. α-Halocarbonyls as a Valuable Functionalized Tertiary Alkyl Source. ChemistryOpen 2024:e202400108. [PMID: 38989712 DOI: 10.1002/open.202400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review introduces the synthetic organic chemical value of α-bromocarbonyl compounds with tertiary carbons. This α-bromocarbonyl compound with a tertiary carbon has been used primarily only as a radical initiator in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) reactions. However, with the recent development of photo-radical reactions (around 2010), research on the use of α-bromocarbonyl compounds as tertiary alkyl radical precursors became popular (around 2012). As more examples were reported, α-bromocarbonyl compounds were studied not only as radicals but also for their applications in organometallic and ionic reactions. That is, α-bromocarbonyl compounds act as nucleophiles as well as electrophiles. The carbonyl group of α-bromocarbonyl compounds is also attractive because it allows the skeleton to be converted after the reaction, and it is being applied to total synthesis. In our survey until 2022, α-bromocarbonyl compounds can be used to perform a full range of reactions necessary for organic synthesis, including multi-component reactions, cross-coupling, substitution, cyclization, rearrangement, stereospecific reactions, asymmetric reactions. α-Bromocarbonyl compounds have created a new trend in tertiary alkylation, which until then had limited reaction patterns in organic synthesis. This review focuses on how α-bromocarbonyl compounds can be used in synthetic organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishikata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
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2
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Corral Suarez C, Fernández I, Colomer I. Understanding the Regiodivergence between Hydroarylation and Trifluoromethylarylation of 1,3-Dienes Using Anilines in HFIP. JACS AU 2024; 4:1744-1751. [PMID: 38818050 PMCID: PMC11134361 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Conjugated dienes (1,3-dienes) are versatile and valuable chemical feedstocks that can be used as two-carbon or four-carbon synthons with vast applications across the chemical industry. However, the main challenge for their productive incorporation in synthetic routes is their chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective functionalization. Herein, we introduce a unified strategy for the 1,2-hydroarylation and 1,4-trifluoromethylarylation of 1,3-dienes using anilines in hexafluoroisopropanol. DFT calculations point toward a kinetically controlled process in both transformations, particularly in the trifluoromethylarylation, to explain the regiodivergent outcome. In addition, we perform an extensive program of functionalization and diversification of the products obtained, including hydrogenation, oxidation, cyclizations, or cross-coupling reactions, that allows access to a library of high-value species in a straightforward manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Corral Suarez
- Instituto
de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica and Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias
Químicas, Universidad Complutense
de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Colomer
- Instituto
de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Das A, Maji B. Substrate-controlled divergent remote C-H and N-H polyfluoroarylation of 2-aminopyrimidines with polyfluoroarenes via Pd(II)/Pd(0) catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5630-5633. [PMID: 38716516 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01518e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Substrate-controlled product divergence in the reaction of 2-aminopyrimidines with polyfluoroarenes under palladium catalysis is demonstrated for the first time. The reaction of secondary N-alkylpyrimidine-2-amines with polyfluoroarenes leads to C5-H polyfluoroarylation via C-H/C-H coupling, while secondary N-aryl substituents yield N-H polyfluoroarylation, forming triarylamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
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4
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Li Y, Meng Z, Zhu X, Hao XQ, Song MP. Cu(II)-Mediated Sulfonylation of (Hetero)arenes with TosMIC Using Monodentate Directing Groups. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3894-3906. [PMID: 38385785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Monodentate chelation-assisted direct ortho-C-H sulfonylation of (hetero)arenes using TosMIC as the novel sulfonylating reagent has been developed. A broad range of substrates, including indolines, indoles, 2-phenylpyridines, and others were well tolerated to afford the corresponding products in moderate to good yields. Mechanistic studies revealed that the sulfonyl radical might be involved. Inspired by the above discovery, preliminary para-C-H sulfonylation of naphthalene substrate was also successfully realized. The current protocol featured with cheap metal catalysis, good functional group compatibility, and operational convenience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigao Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Meng
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xinju Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Mao-Ping Song
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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5
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Shen SJ, Li YD, Ge Y, Yang X, Li LH, Xu HJ, Hu Y. Ligand Promoted Pd-Catalyzed High para-Selective C-H Olefination. Org Lett 2023; 25:9092-9096. [PMID: 38101416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Achieving high para-selective C-H functionalized products of benzoic acid derivatives using a designed template is still a daunting challenge because the carbonyl group also could coordinate with metal to activate the ortho-C-H bond. Herein, we report the ligand promoted high para-selective C-H olefination of benzoic acid derivatives; we screened a series of ligands increasing the ratio of p:others from 62:38 to 96:4. This work may find application in the construction of para-substituted benzoic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yao-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ye Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lin-Hu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Limin Chemical Co., Ltd., Xinyi 221422, China
| | - Hua-Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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6
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Sukowski V, van Borselen M, Mathew S, de Bruin B, Fernández-Ibáñez MÁ. meta-C-H Arylation of Aniline Derivatives via Palladium/ S,O-Ligand/Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202317741. [PMID: 38079090 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic amines are ubiquitous moieties in organic molecules and their direct functionalization is of great interest in many research areas due to their prevalence in pharmaceuticals and organic electronics. While several synthetic tools exist for the ortho- and para-functionalization of anilines, the functionalization of the less reactive meta-position is not easy to achieve with current methods. To date, the meta-C-H arylation of aniline derivatives has been restricted to either the use of directing groups & templates, or their transformation into anilides & quaternary anilinium salts. Herein, we report the first general and efficient meta-C-H-arylation of non-directed aniline derivatives via cooperative catalysis with a palladium-S,O-ligand-norbornene system. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with a wide range of aniline derivatives and aryl iodides, while being operationally simple and scalable. Our preliminary mechanistic investigation-including the isolation of several palladium complexes and deuterium experiments-reveal useful insights into the substituent-effects of both the aniline-substrate and the norbornene-mediator during the meta-C-H activation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Sukowski
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manuela van Borselen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Mathew
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Corral Suarez C, Colomer I. Trifluoromethylarylation of alkenes using anilines. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12083-12090. [PMID: 37969609 PMCID: PMC10631225 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03868h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen containing compounds, such as anilines, are some of the most widespread and useful chemical species, although their high and unselective reactivity has prevented their incorporation into many interesting transformations, such as the functionalization of alkenes. Herein we report a method that allows the trifluoromethylarylation of alkenes using anilines, for the first time, with no need for additives, transition metals, photocatalysts or an excess of reagents. An in-depth mechanistic study reveals the key role of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) as a unique solvent, establishing a hydrogen bonding network with aniline and trifluoromethyl reagent, that is responsible for the altered reactivity and exquisite selectivity. This work uncovers a new mode of reactivity that involves the use of abundant anilines as a non-prefunctionalized aromatic source and the simultaneous activation of trifluoromethyl hypervalent iodine reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Corral Suarez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), CSIC Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Faraday 9 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Ignacio Colomer
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), CSIC Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Faraday 9 28049 Madrid Spain
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8
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Choi S, Choi Y, Kim Y, Lee J, Lee SY. Copper-Catalyzed C-C Cross-Couplings of Tertiary Alkyl Halides with Anilines Enabled by Cyclopropenimine-Based Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37933129 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic cross-couplings of tertiary alkyl electrophiles with carbon nucleophiles offer a powerful platform for constructing quaternary carbon centers, which are prevalent in bioactive molecules. However, these reactions remain underdeveloped primarily because of steric challenges that impede efficient bond formation. Herein, we describe the copper-catalyzed synthesis of such centers through the C(sp3)-C(sp2) bond-forming reaction between tertiary alkyl halides and arene rings of aniline derivatives, enabled by the strategic implementation of bidentate bis(cyclopropenimine) ligands. The copper catalyst bound by two imino-nitrogen atoms of these ligands, which have never been employed in metal catalysis previously, is highly effective in rapidly activating tertiary halides to generate alkyl radicals, allowing them to react with aryl nucleophiles under mild conditions with remarkably short reaction times (1-2 h). Various tertiary halides bearing carbonyl functional groups can be coupled with secondary or primary anilines, furnishing a range of quaternary carbon centers in good yields. Several mechanistic observations support the generation of copper(II) species and alkyl radicals which as a result elucidate the steps in the proposed catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Yunmi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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9
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You Q, Xiao X, Shi Y, Wu Y, Tan G. Iron-Catalyzed para-Selective C-H Allylation of Aniline Derivatives. Org Lett 2023; 25:7683-7688. [PMID: 37846920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed directed C-H allylation of arenes offers an efficient and straightforward approach to construct value-added allylic arenes. However, these reactions are often performed with precious transition-metal catalysts and mainly limited to ortho-C-H allylation of arenes. Herein, we disclose a novel iron-catalyzed para-C-H allylation of aniline derivatives with allyl alcohols via a chelation-induced strategy, providing various allylic arenes in good yields with excellent regio- and chemoselectivity. A simple FeCl3·6H2O is employed as a catalyst, serving a dual role in the reaction: (1) coordination with N-arylpicolinamide to alter the electronic property of the aromatic ring and (2) reaction with allyl alcohol to form allyl-Fe species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangying Tan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
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10
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Dutta U, Prakash G, Devi K, Borah K, Zhang X, Maiti D. Directing group assisted para-selective C-H alkynylation of unbiased arenes enabled by rhodium catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11381-11388. [PMID: 37886091 PMCID: PMC10599460 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03528j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Regioselective C-H alkynylation of arenes via C-H activation is challenging yet a highly desirable transformation. In this regard, directing group assisted C(sp2)-H alkynylation of arenes offers a unique opportunity to ensure precise regioselectivity. While the existing methods are mainly centered around ortho-C-H alkynylation and a few for meta-C-H alkynylation, the DG-assisted para-selective C-H alkynylation is yet to be reported. Herein we disclose the first report on Rh-catalyzed para-C-H alkynylation of sterically and electronically unbiased arenes. The para-selectivity is achieved with the assistance of a cyano-based directing template and the selectivity remained unaltered irrespective of the steric and electronic influence of the substituents. The post-synthetic modification of synthesized para-alkynylated arenes is also demonstrated. The mechanistic intricacies of the developed protocol are elucidated through experimental and computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Dutta
- IIT Bombay, Department of Chemistry Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- IIT Bombay, Department of Chemistry Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Kirti Devi
- IIT Bombay, Department of Chemistry Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Kongkona Borah
- IIT Bombay, Department of Chemistry Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Xinglong Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- IIT Bombay, Department of Chemistry Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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11
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Lichte D, Pirkl N, Heinrich G, Dutta S, Goebel JF, Koley D, Gooßen LJ. Palladium-Catalyzed para-C-H Arylation of Anilines with Aromatic Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210009. [PMID: 36112053 PMCID: PMC9828783 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Controlling regioselectivity in C-H functionalizations is a key challenge in chemical method development. In arenes, functionalizations are most difficult to direct towards the C-H group furthest away from a substituent, in its para position. We herein demonstrate how the para-C-H arylation of anilines with non-activated aryl halides, elusive to date, is achieved by a base-assisted "metalla-tautomerism" approach. A proton is abstracted from the aniline substrate and replaced by an arylpalladium species, generated from the aryl halide coupling partner. In this step, the palladium is directed away from the N- to the tautomeric para-C-H position by a large phosphine ligand combined with a triphenylmethyl shielding group. The triphenylmethyl group is easily installed and removed, and can be recycled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Lichte
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Nico Pirkl
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Gregor Heinrich
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Sayan Dutta
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246India
| | - Jonas F. Goebel
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246India
| | - Lukas J. Gooßen
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
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12
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Haldar C, Bisht R, Chaturvedi J, Guria S, Hassan MMM, Ram B, Chattopadhyay B. Ligand- and Substrate-Controlled para C–H Borylation of Anilines at Room Temperature. Org Lett 2022; 24:8147-8152. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chabush Haldar
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ranjana Bisht
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jagriti Chaturvedi
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saikat Guria
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mirja Md Mahamudul Hassan
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bali Ram
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
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13
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Wang H, Fu L, Zhou C, Li G. Pd(ii)-catalyzed meta-C-H bromination and chlorination of aniline and benzoic acid derivatives. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8686-8692. [PMID: 35974770 PMCID: PMC9337732 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01834a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The classic electrophilic bromination leads to ortho- and para-bromination of anilines due to their electron-rich properties. Herein we report the development of an unprecedented Pd-catalyzed meta-C-H bromination of aniline derivatives using commercially available N-bromophthalimide (NBP), which overcomes the competing ortho/para-selectivity of electrophilic bromination of anilines. The addition of acid additives is crucial for the success of this reaction. A broad range of substrates with various substitution patterns can be tolerated in this reaction. Moreover, benzoic acid derivatives bearing complex substitution patterns are also viable with this mild bromination reaction, and meta-C-H chlorination is also feasible under similar reaction conditions. The ease of the directing group removal and subsequent diverse transformations of the brominated products demonstrate the application potential of this method and promise new opportunities for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Lei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Chunlin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
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14
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Zhou K, Wang D, Ju G, Deng Z, Huang P, Huang Z, Li B, Zhao Y. Ligand-Promoted Fluorinated Olefination of Isatins at the C5 Position via a Palladium Catalyst. Org Lett 2022; 24:5568-5572. [PMID: 35867047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed nondirected fluorinated olefination was developed. The oxalyl amide ligand greatly improved the yield of the reaction. A wide variety of isatin derivatives were well tolerated and yielded the corresponding products in moderate to good yields. Various fluorinated olefins were also compatible. The application and synthesis of bioactive compounds such as a Metisazone derivative highlight the synthetic value of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Dongjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Ju
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zefeng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Bao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453000, P. R. China
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453000, P. R. China
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15
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Hoque ME, Bisht R, Unnikrishnan A, Dey S, Mahamudul Hassan MM, Guria S, Rai RN, Sunoj RB, Chattopadhyay B. Iridium‐Catalyzed Ligand‐Controlled Remote
para
‐Selective C−H Activation and Borylation of Twisted Aromatic Amides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203539. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Emdadul Hoque
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Ranjana Bisht
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
| | - Anju Unnikrishnan
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sayan Dey
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
| | - Mirja Md Mahamudul Hassan
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
| | - Saikat Guria
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
| | - Rama Nand Rai
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
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16
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Peng G, Humblot A, Wischert R, Vigier KDO, Pera-Titus M, Jérôme F. Heterogeneously-catalyzed competitive hydroarylation/hydromination of norbornene with aniline in the presence of Aquivion® ionomer. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Visible-light-enabled ruthenium-catalyzed para-C−H difluoroalkylation of anilides. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Wang N, Chi Z, Wang X, Gao Z, Li S, Li G. Formal C-H/C-I Metathesis: Site-Selective C-H Iodination of Anilines Using Aryl Iodides. Org Lett 2022; 24:3657-3662. [PMID: 35576322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Functional group metathesis has the potential to render mild reaction conditions for C-H functionalization. Protocols for the meta- and ortho-C-H iodination of aniline derivatives via formal C(sp2)-H/C(sp2)-I metathesis using 2-nitrophenyl iodides as mild iodinating reagents are reported herein. These protocols led to the production of a range of valuable iodinated aniline derivatives. These results demonstrate the potential of developing novel site-selective C-H activation reactions with electron-rich compounds, since mild reagents can often been utilized in functional group metathesis reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zhuomin Chi
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xinchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zezhong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shangda Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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19
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Gou Q, Chen Q, Tan Q, Zhu M, Huang H, Deng M, Yi W, He S. Divergent Regioselective Csp 2-H Difluoromethylation of Aromatic Amines Enabled by Nickel Catalysis. Org Lett 2022; 24:3549-3554. [PMID: 35522204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the first catalytic protocol for nickel-catalyzed ortho or para position difluoromethylation of various aromatic amines has been developed with the assistance of a bidentate phosphine ligand, offering an invaluable synthesis means to construct extensive p-difluoromethylated products and difluorooxindole derivatives with significant functional fragments. Furthermore, the gram-scale reaction, broad substrate scope, excellent functional-group compatibility, late-stage difluoromethylation of pesticides, and even formal synthesis of HDAC6 inhibitors further demonstrate the usefulness of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Qianqiong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Qiujian Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Minghong Zhu
- Fuling Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 408000 China
| | - Huisheng Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Mengjiao Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Wei Yi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Shuhua He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
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20
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Hoque ME, Bisht R, Unnikrishnan A, Dey S, Mahamudul Hassan MM, Guria S, Rai RN, Sunoj RB, Chattopadhyay B. Iridium‐Catalyzed Ligand‐Controlled Remote
para
‐Selective C−H Activation and Borylation of Twisted Aromatic Amides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Emdadul Hoque
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Ranjana Bisht
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
| | - Anju Unnikrishnan
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sayan Dey
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
| | - Mirja Md Mahamudul Hassan
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
| | - Saikat Guria
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
| | - Rama Nand Rai
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014, U.P. India
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21
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Protecting-group-free ortho- C–H borylation of anilines enabled by mesoionic carbene-Ir complex. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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22
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Zhang L, Wang LL, Fang DC. DFT Case Study on the Comparison of Ruthenium-Catalyzed C-H Allylation, C-H Alkenylation, and Hydroarylation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:6133-6141. [PMID: 35224376 PMCID: PMC8867598 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Density functional calculations at the B3LYP-D3+IDSCRF/TZP-DKH(-dfg) level of theory have been performed to understand the mechanism of ruthenium-catalyzed C-H allylation reported in the literature in depth. The plausible pathway consisted of four sequential processes, including C-H activation, migratory insertion, amide extrusion, and recovery of the catalyst, in which C-H activation was identified as the rate-determining step. The amide extrusion step could be promoted kinetically by trifluoroacetic acid since its mediation lowered the free-energy barrier from 32.1 to 12.2 kcal/mol. Additional calculations have been performed to explore other common pathways between arenes and alkenes, such as C-H alkenylation and hydroarylation. A comparison of the amide extrusion and β-H elimination steps established the following reactivity sequence of the leaving groups: protonated amide group > β-H group > unprotonated amide group. The suppression of hydroarylation was attributed to the sluggishness of the Ru-C protonation step as compared to the amide extrusion step. This study can unveil factors favoring the C-H allylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School
of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Ling Wang
- School
of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - De-Cai Fang
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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23
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Malapit CA, Prater MB, Cabrera-Pardo JR, Li M, Pham TD, McFadden TP, Blank S, Minteer SD. Advances on the Merger of Electrochemistry and Transition Metal Catalysis for Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:3180-3218. [PMID: 34797053 PMCID: PMC9714963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic organic electrosynthesis has grown in the past few decades by achieving many valuable transformations for synthetic chemists. Although electrocatalysis has been popular for improving selectivity and efficiency in a wide variety of energy-related applications, in the last two decades, there has been much interest in electrocatalysis to develop conceptually novel transformations, selective functionalization, and sustainable reactions. This review discusses recent advances in the combination of electrochemistry and homogeneous transition-metal catalysis for organic synthesis. The enabling transformations, synthetic applications, and mechanistic studies are presented alongside advantages as well as future directions to address the challenges of metal-catalyzed electrosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Malapit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matthew B Prater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jaime R Cabrera-Pardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Min Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Tammy D Pham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Timothy Patrick McFadden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Skylar Blank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Shelley D Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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24
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Cui P, Mu Y, Gao H, Guo R, Kong L, Cui C. Bulky lithium amides for para-elementation of secondary m-terphenylamines. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Nie XD, Mao ZY, Guo JM, Si CM, Wei BG, Lin GQ. AgNTf 2-Catalyzed Regioselective C-H Alkenylation of N,N-Dialkylanilines with Ynamides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:2380-2392. [PMID: 35041783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective C-H alkenylation of N,N-dialkylanilines with ynamides was developed using AgNTf2 as a catalyst. This approach represents a facile hydroarylation of ynamides, allowing for the introduction of an alkenyl group exclusively at the para position of aniline derivatives. As a result, a series of 4-alkenyl N,N-dialkylanilines were synthesized with excellent regioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Di Nie
- School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhuo-Ya Mao
- School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia-Ming Guo
- School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chang-Mei Si
- School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bang-Guo Wei
- School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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26
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Zhou J, Li ZH, Wang L, Kang JC, Wang XH, Zhang SY. Base-Promoted Cobalt-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective para-Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Aniline Derivatives. Org Lett 2021; 23:9353-9359. [PMID: 34874735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein we disclose a highly efficient enantioselective para-C-H alkylation of aniline derivatives promoted by a base/Co/indeno-pybox ligand system. This methodology leads to the efficient construction of a series of enantioenriched aniline derivatives bearing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. In addition, several special biologically or medicinally active indoles are facilely synthesized by our Co-catalyzed asymmetry synthesis method. Density functional theory calculations and experiment results suggest that the (acac)- anion of Co(acac)2 plays a very important role in chiral control during the nucleophilic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhou
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Hao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Le Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.,School of Biotechnology and Health Science, International Healthcare Innovation Institute, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Chen Kang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xun-Hui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Yu Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, International Healthcare Innovation Institute, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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27
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Peng G, Humblot A, Wischert R, De Oliveira Vigier K, Jiang F, Pera-Titus M, Jérôme F. Selective Acid-Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Nonactivated Alkenes with Aniline Assisted by Hexafluoroisopropanol. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17896-17905. [PMID: 34855400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic hydroarylation of nonactivated alkenes with aniline is a reaction of high interest, aiming at providing C-functionalized aniline derivatives that are important precursors for the fabrication of polyurethanes. However, this reaction remains a longstanding goal of catalysis, as it requires one to simultaneously address two important goals: (1) the very low reactivity of nonactivated alkenes and (2) control of the hydroarylation/hydroamination selectivity. As a result, the hydroarylation of aniline is mostly restricted to activated alkenes (i.e., featuring ring strain, conjugation, or activation with electron-donating or -withdrawing groups). Here we show that the combination of bismuth triflate and hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) leads to the formation of highly active catalytic species capable of promoting the hydroarylation of various nonactivated alkenes, such as 1-octene, 1-heptene, and 1-undecene, among others, with aniline with high selectivity (71-92%). Through a combined experimental and computational investigation, we propose a reaction pathway where HFIP stabilizes the rate-determining transition state through a H-bond interaction with the triflate anion, thus assisting the acid catalyst in the hydroarylation of nonactivated alkenes. From a practical point of view, this work opens a catalytic access to C-functionalized aniline derivatives from two cheap and abundant feedstocks in a 100% atom-economical fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongming Peng
- Eco-Efficient Products and Process Laboratory, SOLVAY/CNRS 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Industrial Zone, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Anaelle Humblot
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, University of Poitiers-CNRS 1 rue Marcel Doré, TSA 41105, 86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Raphael Wischert
- Eco-Efficient Products and Process Laboratory, SOLVAY/CNRS 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Industrial Zone, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Karine De Oliveira Vigier
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, University of Poitiers-CNRS 1 rue Marcel Doré, TSA 41105, 86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Fan Jiang
- Eco-Efficient Products and Process Laboratory, SOLVAY/CNRS 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Industrial Zone, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Marc Pera-Titus
- Eco-Efficient Products and Process Laboratory, SOLVAY/CNRS 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Industrial Zone, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - François Jérôme
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, University of Poitiers-CNRS 1 rue Marcel Doré, TSA 41105, 86073 Poitiers, France
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28
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Gupta SS, Manisha, Kumar R, Dhiman AK, Sharma U. Predictable site-selective functionalization: Promoter group assisted para-halogenation of N-substituted (hetero )aromatics under metal-free condition. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9675-9687. [PMID: 34730171 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02000e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, regioselective para-C-H halogenation of N-pyrimidyl (hetero)aromatics through SEAr (electrophilic aromatic substitution) type reaction is disclosed. SEAr type reaction has been utilized for the C5-bromination of indolines (para-selective) with N-bromosuccinimide under metal and additive-free conditions in good to excellent yields. The developed methodology is also applicable for iodination and challenging chlorination. The pyrimidyl group is identified as a reactivity tuner that also controls the regioselectivity. The present method is also applicable for selective halogenation of aniline, pyridine, indole, oxindole, pyrazole, tetrahydroquinoline, isoquinoline, and carbazole. DFT studies such as Fukui nucleophilicity and natural charge maps also support the observed p-selectivity. Post-functionalization of the title compound into the corresponding arylated, olefinated, and dihalogenated products is achieved in a one-pot, two-step fashion. Late-stage C-H bromination was also executed on drug/natural molecules (harmine, etoricoxib, clonidine, and chlorzoxazone) to demonstrate the applicability of the developed protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Shankar Gupta
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Manisha
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India. .,Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ankit Kumar Dhiman
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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29
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Sinha SK, Guin S, Maiti S, Biswas JP, Porey S, Maiti D. Toolbox for Distal C-H Bond Functionalizations in Organic Molecules. Chem Rev 2021; 122:5682-5841. [PMID: 34662117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal catalyzed C-H activation has developed a contemporary approach to the omnipresent area of retrosynthetic disconnection. Scientific researchers have been tempted to take the help of this methodology to plan their synthetic discourses. This paradigm shift has helped in the development of industrial units as well, making the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceutical drugs step-economical. In the vast zone of C-H bond activation, the functionalization of proximal C-H bonds has gained utmost popularity. Unlike the activation of proximal C-H bonds, the distal C-H functionalization is more strenuous and requires distinctly specialized techniques. In this review, we have compiled various methods adopted to functionalize distal C-H bonds, mechanistic insights within each of these procedures, and the scope of the methodology. With this review, we give a complete overview of the expeditious progress the distal C-H activation has made in the field of synthetic organic chemistry while also highlighting its pitfalls, thus leaving the field open for further synthetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Kumar Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Srimanta Guin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sudip Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Jyoti Prasad Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sandip Porey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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30
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Li Y, Wang XY, Ren X, Dou B, Zhu X, Hao XQ, Song MP. Iron-Mediated Selective Sulfonylmethylation of Aniline Derivatives with p-Toluenesulfonylmethyl Isocyanide (TosMIC). J Org Chem 2021; 86:7179-7188. [PMID: 33960194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An iron-mediated highly selective C-H sulfonylmethylation of aniline derivatives with p-toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanide in a mixture solvent of H2O and PEG400 under an Ar atmosphere has been realized. This transformation proceeds with operational convenience, use of earth-abundant metal catalyst and nontoxic media, broad substrate scope, and good functional group tolerance. The current methodology could be applied to the regioselective C-H sulfonylmethylation of indolines, tetrahydroquinolines, and tertiary anilines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigao Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Yan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohuang Ren
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Baoheng Dou
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xinju Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Mao-Ping Song
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
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31
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Dutta U, Maiti S, Bhattacharya T, Maiti D. Arene diversification through distal C(sp
2
)−H functionalization. Science 2021; 372:372/6543/eabd5992. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abd5992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Dutta
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sudip Maiti
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - Debabrata Maiti
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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32
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Khake SM, Yamazaki K, Ano Y, Chatani N. Iridium(III)-Catalyzed Branch-Selective C–H Alkenylation of Aniline Derivatives with Alkenes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant M. Khake
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken Yamazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoto Chatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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33
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Ackermann L, Korvorapun K, Samanta RC, Rogge T. Remote C–H Functionalizations by Ruthenium Catalysis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1485-5156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSynthetic transformations of otherwise inert C–H bonds have emerged as a powerful tool for molecular modifications during the last decades, with broad applications towards pharmaceuticals, material sciences, and crop protection. Consistently, a key challenge in C–H activation chemistry is the full control of site-selectivity. In addition to substrate control through steric hindrance or kinetic acidity of C–H bonds, one important approach for the site-selective C–H transformation of arenes is the use of chelation-assistance through directing groups, therefore leading to proximity-induced ortho-C–H metalation. In contrast, more challenging remote C–H activations at the meta- or para-positions continue to be scarce. Within this review, we demonstrate the distinct character of ruthenium catalysis for remote C–H activations until March 2021, highlighting among others late-stage modifications of bio-relevant molecules. Moreover, we discuss important mechanistic insights by experiments and computation, illustrating the key importance of carboxylate-assisted C–H activation with ruthenium(II) complexes.1 Introduction2 Stoichiometric Remote C–H Functionalizations3 meta-C–H Functionalizations4 para-C–H Functionalizations5 meta-/ortho-C–H Difunctionalizations6 Conclusions
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34
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Gou XY, Li Y, Luan YY, Shi WY, Wang CT, An Y, Zhang BS, Liang YM. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Radical Cyclization/meta-Selective C–H Alkylation of Arenes via σ-Activation Strategy. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ya Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuke Li
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Modeling and Computation, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Yong Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wei-Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cui-Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang An
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bo-Sheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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35
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Zhu Y, Hui L, Zhang S. A Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed C4 Site‐Selective C−H Difluoroalkylation of Isoquinolin‐1(
2H
)‐Ones. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You‐Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071
| | - Li‐Wen Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071
| | - Shi‐Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071
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36
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Imine as a linchpin approach for meta-C-H functionalization. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1393. [PMID: 33654108 PMCID: PMC7925593 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the widespread applications of C–H functionalization, controlling site selectivity remains a significant challenge. Covalently attached directing groups (DGs) served as ancillary ligands to ensure ortho-, meta- and para-C–H functionalization over the last two decades. These covalently linked DGs necessitate two extra steps for a single C–H functionalization: introduction of DG prior to C–H activation and removal of DG post-functionalization. Here we report a temporary directing group (TDG) for meta-C–H functionalization via reversible imine formation. By overruling facile ortho-C–H bond activation by imine-N atom, a suitably designed pyrimidine-based TDG successfully delivered selective meta-C–C bond formation. Application of this temporary directing group strategy for streamlining the synthesis of complex organic molecules without any necessary pre-functionalization at the meta position has been explored. Site-selective C–H functionalization still faces some challenges, such as the introduction and removal of an appropriate directing group. Here, the authors introduce a temporary directing group for selective meta-C–H functionalization of 2-arylbenzaldehydes via reversible imine formation.
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37
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Xu HB, Chen YJ, Chai XY, Yang JH, Xu YJ, Dong L. Ruthenium-Catalyzed P III-Directed Remote ε-C-H Alkylation of Phosphines. Org Lett 2021; 23:2052-2056. [PMID: 33630600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ruthenium-catalyzed remote ε-C-H alkylation of phosphines with tertiary alkyl halides has been developed. This novel PIII-directed C-H activation strategy tolerated various functional groups and delivered a wide variety of modified phosphines with excellent meta-site selectivity. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that a PIII-assisted ortho-cyclometalation/remote σ-activation pathway might be involved in this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Bei Xu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yin-Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin-Yue Chai
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jia-Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan-Jun Xu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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38
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Fang X, Tan Y, Gu L, Ackermann L, Ma W. para
‐Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed C−H Difluoroalkylation by Weak Oxazolidinone Assistance. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202002056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Fang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics School of Pharmacy Chengdu University No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue Chengdu 610106 P.R. China
| | - Yuqiang Tan
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics School of Pharmacy Chengdu University No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue Chengdu 610106 P.R. China
| | - Linghui Gu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics School of Pharmacy Chengdu University No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue Chengdu 610106 P.R. China
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Goettingen Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Potsdamer Strasse 58 10785 Berlin Germany
| | - Wenbo Ma
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics School of Pharmacy Chengdu University No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue Chengdu 610106 P.R. China
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39
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Chen X, Fan S, Zhang M, Gao Y, Li S, Li G. Palladium-catalyzed remote para-C-H activation of arenes assisted by a recyclable pyridine-based template. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4126-4131. [PMID: 34163684 PMCID: PMC8179498 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc07042d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct para-selective C-H functionalization of arenes remains a daunting challenge and is still significantly restricted to a few scaffolds. Herein, we report an unprecedented pyridine-based para-directing template (DT) assisted, Pd-catalyzed para-C-H alkenylation of three classes of arenes, i.e. phenylpropanoic acids, 2-phenyl benzoic acids and benzyl alcohols, with a series of alkenes including perfluoroalkenes. Notably, the pyridine-based para-DT could be easily synthesized and readily recycled under mild conditions. These results may find application in rapid construction of para-substituted arenes and stimulate the exploration of novel methods for para-C-H functionalization of arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Shuai Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
| | - Yuzhen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
| | - Shangda Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 155 West Yang-Qiao Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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40
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Basnet P, Sebold MB, Hendrick CE, Kozlowski MC. Copper Catalyzed Oxidative Arylation of Tertiary Carbon Centers. Org Lett 2020; 22:9524-9528. [PMID: 33263410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We describe herein a Cu(OTf)2 catalyzed oxidative arylation of a tertiary carbon-containing substrate including aryl malononitriles, 3-aryl benzofuran-2-ones, and 3-aryl oxindoles. In some cases, the nitrile groups of the aryl malononitriles undergo further reactions leading to lactones or imines. These reaction conditions are applicable for a range of arenes, including phenols, anilines, anisoles, and heteroarenes. Mechanistic studies support the formation of a cationic intermediate via a two-electron oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Basnet
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Melissa B Sebold
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Charles E Hendrick
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Marisa C Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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41
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Fan WT, Li Y, Wang D, Ji SJ, Zhao Y. Iron-Catalyzed Highly para-Selective Difluoromethylation of Arenes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20524-20530. [PMID: 33252232 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Direct functionalization of a C-H bond at either the meta or para position by only changing the catalyst system poses a significant challenge. We herein report the [Fe(TPP)Cl]-enabled, selective, C-H difluoromethylation of arenes using BrCF2CO2Et as the difluoromethylation source, which successfully altered the selectivity from the meta to the para position. A preliminary mechanistic study revealed the iron porphyrin complex not only activated the aromatic ring but also induced para selectivity due to the influence of ligand sterics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dongjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shun-Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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42
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Choi I, Müller V, Wang Y, Xue K, Kuniyil R, Andreas LB, Karius V, Alauzun JG, Ackermann L. Recyclable Ruthenium Catalyst for Distal meta-C-H Activation. Chemistry 2020; 26:15290-15297. [PMID: 32770682 PMCID: PMC7756437 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We disclose the unprecedented hybrid-ruthenium catalysis for distal meta-C-H activation. The hybrid-ruthenium catalyst was recyclable, as was proven by various heterogeneity tests, and fully characterized with various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, highlighting the physical and chemical stability. Thereby, the hybrid-ruthenium catalysis proved broadly applicable for meta-C-H alkylations of among others purine-based nucleosides and natural product conjugates. Additionally, its versatility was further reflected by meta-C-H activations through visible-light irradiation, as well as para-selective C-H activations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Choi
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie andWöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-UniversitätTammanstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Valentin Müller
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie andWöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-UniversitätTammanstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierUMR 5253CNRS-Université de Montpellier-ENSCMMontpellier Cedex 534095France
| | - Kai Xue
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical ChemistryAm Faßberg 1137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie andWöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-UniversitätTammanstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Loren B. Andreas
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical ChemistryAm Faßberg 1137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Volker Karius
- Geowissenschaftliches ZentrumGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenGoldschmidtstraße 337077GöttingenGermany
| | - Johan G. Alauzun
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierUMR 5253CNRS-Université de Montpellier-ENSCMMontpellier Cedex 534095France
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie andWöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-UniversitätTammanstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
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43
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Sasmal S, Dutta U, Lahiri GK, Maiti D. Transition Metals and Transition Metals/Lewis Acid Cooperative Catalysis for Directing Group Assisted para-C–H Functionalization. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheuli Sasmal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Uttam Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI) Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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44
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Korvorapun K, Moselage M, Struwe J, Rogge T, Messinis AM, Ackermann L. Regiodivergent C-H and Decarboxylative C-C Alkylation by Ruthenium Catalysis: ortho versus meta Position-Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18795-18803. [PMID: 32700444 PMCID: PMC7589394 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II)biscarboxylate complexes enabled the selective alkylation of C-H and C-C bonds at the ortho- or meta-position. ortho-C-H Alkylations were achieved with 4-, 5- as well as 6-membered halocycloalkanes. Furthermore, the judicious choice of the directing group allowed for a full control of ortho-/meta-selectivities. Detailed mechanistic studies by experiment and computation were performed and provided strong support for an oxidative addition/reductive elimination process for ortho-alkylations, while a homolytic C-X cleavage was operative for the meta-selective transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korkit Korvorapun
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Marc Moselage
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Julia Struwe
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Torben Rogge
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Antonis M. Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
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45
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Dutta U, Porey S, Pimparkar S, Mandal A, Grover J, Koodan A, Maiti D. para
‐Selective Arylation of Arenes: A Direct Route to Biaryls by Norbornene Relay Palladation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Dutta
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Sandip Porey
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Sandeep Pimparkar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Astam Mandal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Jagrit Grover
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Adithyaraj Koodan
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI) Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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46
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Dutta U, Porey S, Pimparkar S, Mandal A, Grover J, Koodan A, Maiti D. para-Selective Arylation of Arenes: A Direct Route to Biaryls by Norbornene Relay Palladation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20831-20836. [PMID: 32754958 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biaryl compounds are extremely important structural motifs in natural products, biologically active components and pharmaceuticals. Selective synthesis of biaryls by distinguishing the subtle reactivity difference of distal arene C-H bonds are significantly challenging. Herein, we describe para-selective C-H arylation, which is acheived by a unique combination of a meta-directing group and norbornene as a transient mediator. Upon direct meta-C-H palladation, one-bond relay palladation occurs in presence of norbornene and subsequently para-C-H arylation is achieved for sulfonates, phosphonates and phenols bearing 2,6-disubstitution patterns. The protocol is amenable to electron-deficient aryl iodides. Multisubstituted arenes and phenols are obtained by postsynthetic modification of the products. The protocol allows the synthesis of hexa-substituted benzene by sequential selective distal C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India
| | - Sandip Porey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India
| | - Sandeep Pimparkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India
| | - Astam Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India
| | - Jagrit Grover
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India
| | - Adithyaraj Koodan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India.,Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI) Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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47
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Korvorapun K, Moselage M, Struwe J, Rogge T, Messinis AM, Ackermann L. Regiodivergente C‐H‐ und decarboxylierende C‐C‐Alkylierung mittels Rutheniumkatalyse:
ortho‐
versus
meta‐
Regioselektivität. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Korkit Korvorapun
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Marc Moselage
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Julia Struwe
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Torben Rogge
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Antonis M. Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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Pimparkar S, Bhattacharya T, Maji A, Saha A, Jayarajan R, Dutta U, Lu G, Lupton DW, Maiti D. Para-Selective Cyanation of Arenes by H-Bonded Template. Chemistry 2020; 26:11558-11564. [PMID: 32196777 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The significance of site selective functionalization stands upon the superior selectivity, easy synthesis and diverse product utility. In this work, we demonstrate the para-selective introduction of versatile nitrile moiety, enabled by a detachable and reusable H-bonded auxiliary. The methodology holds its efficiency irrespective of substrate electronic bias. The conspicuous shift in the step energetics was probed by both experimental and computational mechanistic tools, which heralds the inception of para-deuteration. The synthetic impact of the methodology was highlighted with reusability of directing group and post synthetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Pimparkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.,IITB-Monash Research Academy, Near estate office, IIT Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.,School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Trisha Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Arun Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Argha Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Ramasamy Jayarajan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Uttam Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.,IITB-Monash Research Academy, Near estate office, IIT Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.,School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - David W Lupton
- IITB-Monash Research Academy, Near estate office, IIT Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.,School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.,Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-104, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
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49
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Liu R, Wei Y, Shi M. Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Benzylation of Indole's C3 Position with Aza‐
o
‐Quinone Methides. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 354 Fenglin Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 354 Fenglin Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 354 Fenglin Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Grubbs InstituteSouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518000 People's Republic of China
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Colomer
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Faraday 9, Campus UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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