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Zhang Z, Xiong Z, Zhang J, Chu B, Liu X, Tu W, Wang L, Sun JZ, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhang X, Tang BZ. Near-Infrared Emission Beyond 900 nm from Stable Radicals in Nonconjugated Poly(diphenylmethane). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403827. [PMID: 38589299 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Organic radicals with narrow energy gaps are highly sought-after for the production of near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores. However, the current repertoire of developed organic radicals is notably limited, facing challenges related to stability and low fluorescence efficiency. This study addresses these limitations by achieving stable radicals in nonconjugated poly(diphenylmethane) (PDPM). Notably, PDPM exhibits a well-balanced structural flexibility and rigidity, resulting in a robust intra-/inter-chain through-space conjugation (TSC). The stable radicals within PDPM, coupled with strong TSC, yield a remarkable full-spectrum emission spanning from blue to NIR beyond 900 nm. This extensive tunability is achieved through careful adjustments of concentration and excitation wavelength. The findings highlight the efficacy of polymerization in stabilizing radicals and introduce a novel approach for developing nonconjugated NIR emitters based on triphenylmethane subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziteng Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Zuping Xiong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Bo Chu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Weihao Tu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Jing Zhi Sun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Centre of Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Chengjian Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China
- Centre of Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Xinghong Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
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2
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Chen YC, Di YM, Zhang SQ, Lin MJ. Polyoxometalate/ s-triazine hybrid heterostructures with ultrafast photochromic properties. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38251419 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04157c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
As an emerging class of hybrid complexes, donor-acceptor (D-A) hybrid heterostructures, which combine the advantages of both organic and inorganic photoactive components, provide excellent platforms for the fabrication of photochromic materials with enhanced photo-responsive performances. Herein, four novel hybrid heterostructures, namely H3TPT·(PW12O40)·2NMP (1), (H1.5TPT)2·(PW12O40) (2), (H3TPT)2·(SiW12O40)·2Cl·2MeCN (3), and H3TPT·(HPMo12O40)·Cl·3NMP (4) (TPT is tri(4-pyridyl)-s-triazine, NMP is N-methylpyrrolidone), have been synthesized and characterized. Benefitting from the strong interactions (anion-π interactions) and matching electron energy levels between the donors and acceptors, some of them exhibited ultrafast photochromic behaviour even up to 1 second. Furthermore, based on experimental and theoretical calculations, the plausible PIET process and structure-activity relationship have been discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Chen Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Yi-Ming Di
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | | | - Mei-Jin Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, China
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3
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Efimova AS, Alekseevskiy PV, Timofeeva MV, Kenzhebayeva YA, Kuleshova AO, Koryakina IG, Pavlov DI, Sukhikh TS, Potapov AS, Shipilovskikh SA, Li N, Milichko VA. Exfoliation of 2D Metal-Organic Frameworks: toward Advanced Scalable Materials for Optical Sensing. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300752. [PMID: 37702111 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) occupy a special place among the large family of functional 2D materials. Even at a monolayer level, 2D MOFs exhibit unique sensing, separation, catalytic, electronic, and conductive properties due to the combination of porosity and organo-inorganic nature. However, lab-to-fab transfer for 2D MOF layers faces the challenge of their scalability, limited by weak interactions between the organic and inorganic building blocks. Here, comparing three top-down approaches to fabricate 2D MOF layers (sonication, freeze-thaw, and mechanical exfoliation), The technological criteria have established for creation of the layers of the thickness up to 1 nm with a record aspect ratio up to 2*10^4:1. The freezing-thaw and mechanical exfoliation are the most optimal approaches; wherein the rate and manufacturability of the mechanical exfoliation rivaling the greatest scalability of 2D MOF layers obtained by freezing-thaw (21300:1 vs 1330:1 aspect ratio), leaving the sonication approach behind (with a record 900:1 aspect ratio) have discovered. The high quality 2D MOF layers with a record aspect ratio demonstrate unique optical sensitivity to solvents of a varied polarity, which opens the way to fabricate scalable and freestanding 2D MOF-based atomically thin chemo-optical sensors by industry-oriented approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia S Efimova
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Pavel V Alekseevskiy
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Maria V Timofeeva
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | | | - Alina O Kuleshova
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Irina G Koryakina
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Pavlov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Taisiya S Sukhikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Andrei S Potapov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | | | - Nan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Valentin A Milichko
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IJL, Nancy, F-54011, France
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4
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Gunina EV, Zhestkij NA, Sergeev M, Bachinin SV, Mezenov YA, Kulachenkov NK, Timofeeva M, Ivashchenko V, Timin AS, Shipilovskikh SA, Yakubova AA, Pavlov DI, Potapov AS, Gong J, Khamkhash L, Atabaev TS, Bruyere S, Milichko VA. Laser-Assisted Design of MOF-Derivative Platforms from Nano- to Centimeter Scales for Photonic and Catalytic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47541-47551. [PMID: 37773641 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Laser conversion of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has recently emerged as a fast and low-energy consumptive approach to create scalable MOF derivatives for catalysis, energy, and optics. However, due to the virtually unlimited MOF structures and tunable laser parameters, the results of their interaction are unpredictable and poorly controlled. Here, we experimentally base a general approach to create nano- to centimeter-scale MOF derivatives with the desired nonlinear optical and catalytic properties. Five three- and two-dimensional MOFs, differing in chemical composition, topology, and thermal resistance, have been selected as precursors. Tuning the laser parameters (i.e., pulse duration from fs to ns and repetition rate from kHz to MHz), we switch between ultrafast nonthermal destruction and thermal decomposition of MOFs. We have established that regardless of the chemical composition and MOF topology, the tuning of the laser parameters allows obtaining a series of structurally different derivatives, and the transition from femtosecond to nanosecond laser regimes ensures the scaling of the derivatives from nano- to centimeter scales. Herein, the thermal resistance of MOFs affects the structure and chemical composition of the resulting derivatives. Finally, we outline the "laser parameters versus MOF structure" space, in which one can create the desired and scalable platforms with nonlinear optical properties from photoluminescence to light control and enhanced catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V Gunina
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Nikolaj A Zhestkij
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Maksim Sergeev
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Semyon V Bachinin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Yuri A Mezenov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Nikita K Kulachenkov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Maria Timofeeva
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | | | - Alexander S Timin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | | | - Anastasia A Yakubova
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Pavlov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Andrei S Potapov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Jiang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Laura Khamkhash
- Department of Chemistry, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Timur Sh Atabaev
- Department of Chemistry, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Valentin A Milichko
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IJL, F-54011 Nancy, France
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5
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Kulachenkov NK, Orlioglo B, Vasilyev ES, Povarov SA, Agafontsev AM, Bachinin S, Shipilovskikh S, Lunev A, Samsonenko DG, Fedin VP, Kovalenko KA, Milichko VA. Metal-mediated tunability of MOF-based optical modulators. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:9964-9967. [PMID: 37501597 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02180g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
We report on the design of 1D MOFs based on a nopinane-annelated organic ligand and Co(II) or Ni(II), the variation of which allows tuning the optical modulation bandwidth. Structural and time-resolved analysis revealed the optical modulation mechanism, the rates and its endurance, thereby enriching the list of sustainable MOFs for tunable optical modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita K Kulachenkov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Bogdan Orlioglo
- Chemical Science Program, KAUST Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eugene S Vasilyev
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Svyatoslav A Povarov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Alexander M Agafontsev
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Semyon Bachinin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Sergei Shipilovskikh
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Artem Lunev
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Denis G Samsonenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Vladimir P Fedin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Konstantin A Kovalenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Valentin A Milichko
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
- Universit de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7198, Nancy 54011, France.
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6
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Zhang T, Lou XY, Li X, Tu X, Han J, Zhao B, Yang YW. Tunable Photochromism of Spirooxazine in the Solid State: A New Design Strategy Based on the Hypochromic Effect. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210551. [PMID: 36579725 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As an important organic photofunctional material, spirooxazine (SO) usually does not exhibit photochromism in the solid state since the intermolecular π-π stacking impedes photoisomerization. Developing photochromic SO in the solid state is crucial for practical applications but is still full of challenges. Here, a series of spirooxazine derivatives (SO1-SO4) with bulky aromatic substituents at the 4- and 7-positions of the skeleton, which provide them with a large volume with which to undergo solid-state photochromism under mild conditions, is designed and synthesized. All the compounds SO1-SO4 exhibit tunable solid photochromism without ground colors, excellent fatigue resistance, and high thermal stability. Notably, it takes only 15 s for SO4 to reach the saturation of absorption intensity, thought to represent the fastest solid-state photoresponse of spirooxazines. X-ray crystal structures of the intermediate compound SO0 and the products SO1-SO2 as well as computational studies suggest that the bulky aromatic groups can lead to a hypochromic effect, allowing for the photochromism of SO in the solid state. The ideal photochromic properties of these spirooxazines open a new avenue for their applications in UV printing, quick response code, and related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yue Lou
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xi Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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7
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Kulachenkov N, Barsukova M, Alekseevskiy P, Sapianik AA, Sergeev M, Yankin A, Krasilin AA, Bachinin S, Shipilovskikh S, Poturaev P, Medvedeva N, Denislamova E, Zelenovskiy PS, Shilovskikh VV, Kenzhebayeva Y, Efimova A, Novikov AS, Lunev A, Fedin VP, Milichko VA. Dimensionality Mediated Highly Repeatable and Fast Transformation of Coordination Polymer Single Crystals for All-Optical Data Processing. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6972-6981. [PMID: 36018814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A family of coordination polymers (CPs) based on dynamic structural elements are of great fundamental and commercial interest addressing modern problems in controlled molecular separation, catalysis, and even data processing. Herein, the endurance and fast structural dynamics of such materials at ambient conditions are still a fundamental challenge. Here, we report on the design of a series of Cu-based CPs [Cu(bImB)Cl2] and [Cu(bImB)2Cl2] with flexible ligand bImB (1,4-bis(imidazol-1-yl)butane) packed into one- and two-dimensional (1D, 2D) structures demonstrating dimensionality mediated flexibility and reversible structural transformations. Using the laser pulses as a fast source of activation energy, we initiate CP heating followed by anisotropic thermal expansion and 0.2-0.8% volume changes with the record transformation rates from 2220 to 1640 s-1 for 1D and 2D CPs, respectively. The endurance over 103 cycles of structural transformations, achieved for the CPs at ambient conditions, allows demonstrating optical fiber integrated all-optical data processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Kulachenkov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Marina Barsukova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pavel Alekseevskiy
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Sapianik
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maxim Sergeev
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Andrei Yankin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Andrei A Krasilin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Semyon Bachinin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Sergei Shipilovskikh
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, Perm, 614990, Russia
| | - Petr Poturaev
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, Perm, 614990, Russia
| | - Natalia Medvedeva
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, Perm, 614990, Russia
| | | | - Pavel S Zelenovskiy
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620000, Russia
| | | | - Yuliya Kenzhebayeva
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Anastasiia Efimova
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Artem Lunev
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Vladimir P Fedin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Valentin A Milichko
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Institut Jean Lamour, Universit de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7198, 54011 Nancy, France
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8
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Mezenov YA, Bruyere S, Krasilin A, Khrapova E, Bachinin SV, Alekseevskiy PV, Shipiloskikh S, Boulet P, Hupont S, Nomine A, Vigolo B, Novikov AS, Belmonte T, Milichko VA. Insights into Solid-To-Solid Transformation of MOF Amorphous Phases. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13992-14003. [PMID: 36001002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been recently explored as crystalline solids for conversion into amorphous phases demonstrating non-specific mechanical, catalytic, and optical properties. The real-time control of such structural transformations and their outcomes still remain a challenge. Here, we use in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy with 0.01 s time resolution to explore non-thermal (electron induced) amorphization of a MOF single crystal, followed by transformation into an amorphous nanomaterial. By comparing a series of M-BTC (M: Fe3+, Co3+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+; BTC: 1,3,5-benzentricarboxylic acid), we demonstrate that the topology of a metal cluster of the parent MOFs determines the rate of formation and the chemistry of the resulting phases containing an intact ligand and metal or metal oxide nanoparticles. Confocal Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies further confirm the integrity of the BTC ligand and coordination bond breaking, while high-resolution imaging with chemical and structural analysis over time allows for tracking the dynamics of solid-to-solid transformations. The revealed relationship between the initial and resulting structures and the stability of the obtained phase and its photoluminescence over time contribute to the design of new amorphous MOF-based optical nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri A Mezenov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101 Russia
| | - Stephanie Bruyere
- Institut Jean Lamour, Universite de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7198, Nancy 54011 France
| | | | | | - Semyon V Bachinin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101 Russia
| | - Pavel V Alekseevskiy
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101 Russia
| | - Sergei Shipiloskikh
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101 Russia
| | - Pascal Boulet
- Institut Jean Lamour, Universite de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7198, Nancy 54011 France
| | - Sebastien Hupont
- Institut Jean Lamour, Universite de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7198, Nancy 54011 France
| | - Alexandre Nomine
- Institut Jean Lamour, Universite de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7198, Nancy 54011 France
| | - Brigitte Vigolo
- Institut Jean Lamour, Universite de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7198, Nancy 54011 France
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 198504 Russia.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198 Russia
| | - Thierry Belmonte
- Institut Jean Lamour, Universite de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7198, Nancy 54011 France
| | - Valentin A Milichko
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101 Russia.,Institut Jean Lamour, Universite de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7198, Nancy 54011 France
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9
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Fan SC, Chen SQ, Wang JW, Li YP, Zhang P, Wang Y, Yuan W, Zhai QG. Precise Introduction of Single Vanadium Site into Indium-Organic Framework for CO 2 Capture and Photocatalytic Fixation. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14131-14139. [PMID: 35998379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The capture and fixation of CO2 under mild conditions is a cost-effective route to reduce greenhouse gases, but it is challenging because of the low conversion and selectivity issues. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising in the fields of adsorption and catalysis because of their structural tunability and variability. However, the precise structural design of MOFs is always pursued and elusive. In this work, a metal-mixed MOF (SNNU-97-InV) was designed by precisely introducing single vanadium site into the isostructural In-MOF (SNNU-97-In). The single V sites clearly change the interactions between the MOF framework and CO2 molecules, leading to a 71.3% improvement in the CO2 adsorption capacity. At the same time, the enhanced light absorption enables SNNU-97-InV to efficiently convert CO2 into cyclic carbonates (CCs) with epoxides under illumination. Controlled experiments showed that the promoted performance of SNNU-97-InV may be that the V═O site can more easily combine with CO2 and convert them into an intermediate state under illumination, and the possible mechanism was thus speculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Cong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuang-Qiu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia-Wen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong-Peng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenyu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Quan-Guo Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China
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10
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Abstract
Laser interference patterning on top of a thin film and inside a crystal is a powerful tool today to create the desired patterns for optical data processing. Here, we demonstrate reversible and irreversible laser interference patterning on a metal-organic framework (MOF) thin film through the water desorption and thermal decomposition processes, respectively. The irreversible interference pattern with a period of the strips of up to 5 µm has been realized, and its morphology has been characterized using confocal Raman and reflection spectroscopy as well as atomic force microscopy. We revealed that reducing the distance between the interference maxima from 10.5 to a record of 5 µm for MOFs yields a 10-fold increase in the surface roughness of the irreversible pattern; on the other hand, the reversible laser pattern provides a completely non-destructive effect of variable optical contrast. The experimental results obtained open up prospects for the use of MOF crystals as photosensitive materials in the template drawing of the desired patterns for different application scopes.
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11
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Jia L, Wu J, Zhang Y, Qu Y, Jia B, Chen Z, Moss DJ. Fabrication Technologies for the On-Chip Integration of 2D Materials. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2101435. [PMID: 34994111 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With compact footprint, low energy consumption, high scalability, and mass producibility, chip-scale integrated devices are an indispensable part of modern technological change and development. Recent advances in 2D layered materials with their unique structures and distinctive properties have motivated their on-chip integration, yielding a variety of functional devices with superior performance and new features. To realize integrated devices incorporating 2D materials, it requires a diverse range of device fabrication techniques, which are of fundamental importance to achieve good performance and high reproducibility. This paper reviews the state-of-art fabrication techniques for the on-chip integration of 2D materials. First, an overview of the material properties and on-chip applications of 2D materials is provided. Second, different approaches used for integrating 2D materials on chips are comprehensively reviewed, which are categorized into material synthesis, on-chip transfer, film patterning, and property tuning/modification. Third, the methods for integrating 2D van der Waals heterostructures are also discussed and summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnan Jia
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Jiayang Wu
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Yang Qu
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Baohua Jia
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Zhigang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - David J Moss
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
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12
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Orlioglo BM, Kovalenko KA, Glebov EM. INCLUSION COMPOUNDS OF ORGANIC AZOCHROMOPHORES IN THE CAVITIES OF METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS (Cr, Al)– MIL-101: SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOCHEMICAL STUDIES. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476622010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Leistner AL, Pianowski Z. Smart photochromic materials triggered with visible light. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Leistner
- KIT: Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Institute of Organic Chemistry Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe GERMANY
| | - Zbigniew Pianowski
- Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Fakultat fur Chemie und Biowissenschaften Institute of Organic Chemistry Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe GERMANY
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14
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Kenzhebayeva Y, Bachinin S, Solomonov AI, Gilemkhanova V, Shipilovskikh SA, Kulachenkov N, Fisenko SP, Rybin MV, Milichko VA. Light-Induced Color Switching of Single Metal-Organic Framework Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:777-783. [PMID: 35041418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced modulation of the optical parameters of nanomaterials underlies the operating principles of all-optical nanodevices. Here, we demonstrate the laser-induced 10% modulation of the refractive index and 16-fold modulation of the extinction coefficient of the dynamic metal-organic framework (HKUST-1) nanocrystals within the whole visible range. Using the laser-induced water sorption/desorption process inside HKUST-1, we have achieved size-dependent reversible tuning of brightness and color of its nanocrystals over the different spatial directions and color palette. The numerical analysis also confirmed the detected optical tuning through the evolution of optical spectra and directivity of the scattered light. The results of the work demonstrate the promising nature of the dynamic metal-organic frameworks for nonlinear optics and expand the library of chemically synthesized hybrid materials with light-controlled optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Kenzhebayeva
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Semyon Bachinin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | | | - Venera Gilemkhanova
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | | | - Nikita Kulachenkov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Sergey P Fisenko
- A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (NASB) P. Browka 15, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Mikhail V Rybin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Valentin A Milichko
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), F-54000 Nancy, France
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15
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Siddiqui SA, Prado-Roller A, Shiozawa H. Room temperature synthesis of a luminescent crystalline Cu-BTC coordination polymer and metal-organic framework. MATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 3:224-231. [PMID: 35128414 PMCID: PMC8724791 DOI: 10.1039/d1ma00866h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of crystalline materials is elemental in the field of coordination chemistry towards optical applications. In the present work, coordination between copper and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (BTC) is controlled by adjusting the pH scale of the reaction mixture at room temperature to synthesize two crystalline structures: metal-organic framework HKUST-1 and coordination polymer Cu(BTC)·3H2O. The post-synthesis transformation of HKUST-1 into Cu(BTC)·3H2O is further demonstrated. Single crystals of both structures are studied by multi-laser Raman and luminescence spectroscopy. It is found that both crystals exhibit photoluminescence in the range of 700-900 cm-1 within the optical gap of the bulk materials, which can be associated with crystallographic defects. This work gives impetus for the synthesis of large metal-organic crystals based on which optical properties can be studied in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Prado-Roller
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Straβe 42 1090, Vienna Austria
| | - Hidetsugu Shiozawa
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna Boltzmanngasse 5 1090 Vienna Austria
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejskova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
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16
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Półrolniczak A, Sobczak S, Nikolayenko VI, Barbour LJ, Katrusiak A. Solvent-controlled elongation and mechanochemical strain in a metal-organic framework. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17478-17481. [PMID: 34786580 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01937f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Under high pressure, crystals of [Zn(m-btcp)2(bpdc)2]·2DMF·H2O, referred to as DMOF are particularly sensitive to the type of pressure-transmitting media (PTM) employed: large PTM molecules seal the pores and DMOF is compressed as a closed system, whereas small PTM molecules are pushed into the pores, thereby altering the stoichiometry of DMOF. Compression in glycerol and Daphne 7474 leads to negative linear compressibility (NLC), while a mixture of methanol : ethanol : water 'hyperfills' the pores of the chiral framework, adjusting its 3-dimensional strain and resulting in pressure-induced amorphization around 1.2 GPa. The uptake of the small-molecule PTM strongly increases the dimensions of DMOF in the direction perpendicular to that of the NLC of the crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Półrolniczak
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Szymon Sobczak
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Varvara I Nikolayenko
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, 7602, Matieland, South Africa.
| | - Leonard J Barbour
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, 7602, Matieland, South Africa.
| | - Andrzej Katrusiak
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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17
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Koryakina IG, Afonicheva PK, Arabuli KV, Evstrapov AA, Timin AS, Zyuzin MV. Microfluidic synthesis of optically responsive materials for nano- and biophotonics. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 298:102548. [PMID: 34757247 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nanomaterials demonstrating optical response under illumination, the so-called optically responsive nanoparticles (NPs), have found their broad application as optical switchers, gas adsorbents, data storage devices, and optical and biological sensors. Unique optical properties of such nanomaterials are strongly related to their chemical composition, geometrical parameters and morphology. Microfluidic approaches for NPs' synthesis allow overcoming the known critical stages in conventional synthesis of NPs due to a high rate of heat/mass transfer and precise regulation of synthesis conditions, which results in reproducible synthesis outcomes with the desired physico-chemical properties. Here, we review the recent advances in microfluidic approach for synthesis of optically responsive nanomaterials (plasmonic, photoluminescent, shape-changeable NPs), highlighting the general background of microfluidics, common considerations in the design of microfluidic chips (MFCs), and theoretical models of the NPs' formation mechanisms. Comparative analysis of microfluidic synthesis with conventional synthesis methods is provided further, along with the recent applications of optically responsive NPs in nano- and biophotonics.
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18
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Guo MY, Li G, Yang SL, Bu R, Piao XQ, Gao EQ. Metal-Organic Frameworks with Novel Catenane-like Interlocking: Metal-Determined Photoresponse and Uranyl Sensing. Chemistry 2021; 27:16415-16421. [PMID: 34599532 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The assembly of two tripyridinium-tricarboxylate ligands and different metal ions leads to seven isostructural MOFs, which show novel 2D→2D supramolecular entanglement featuring catenane-like interlocking of tricyclic cages. The MOFs show tripyridinium-afforded and metal-modulated photoresponsive properties. The MOFs with d10 metal centers (1-Cd, 1-Zn, 2-Cd, 2-Zn) show fast and reversible photochromism and concomitant fluorescence quenching, 1-Ni displays slower photochromism but does not fluoresce, and 1-Co and 2-Co are neither photochromic nor fluorescent. It is shown here that the network entanglement dictates donor-acceptor close contacts, which enable fluorescence originated from interligand charge transfer. The contacts also allow photoinduced electron transfer, which underlies photochromism and concomitant fluorescence response. The metal dependence in fluorescence and photochromism can be related to energy transfer through metal-centered d-d transitions. In addition, 1-Cd is demonstrated to be a potential fluorescence sensor for sensitive and selective detection of UO2 2+ in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yue Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Gen Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Shuai-Liang Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Ran Bu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Qing Piao
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - En-Qing Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
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