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Garnsey MR, Smith AC, Polivkova J, Arons AL, Bai G, Blakemore C, Boehm M, Buzon LM, Campion SN, Cerny M, Chang SC, Coffman K, Farley KA, Fonseca KR, Ford KK, Garren J, Kong JX, Koos MRM, Kung DW, Lian Y, Li MM, Li Q, Martinez-Alsina LA, O'Connor R, Ogilvie K, Omoto K, Raymer B, Reese MR, Ryder T, Samp L, Stevens KA, Widlicka DW, Yang Q, Zhu K, Fortin JP, Sammons MF. Discovery of the Potent and Selective MC4R Antagonist PF-07258669 for the Potential Treatment of Appetite Loss. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3195-3211. [PMID: 36802610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a centrally expressed, class A GPCR that plays a key role in the regulation of appetite and food intake. Deficiencies in MC4R signaling result in hyperphagia and increased body mass in humans. Antagonism of MC4R signaling has the potential to mitigate decreased appetite and body weight loss in the setting of anorexia or cachexia due to underlying disease. Herein, we report on the identification of a series of orally bioavailable, small-molecule MC4R antagonists using a focused hit identification effort and the optimization of these antagonists to provide clinical candidate 23. Introduction of a spirocyclic conformational constraint allowed for simultaneous optimization of MC4R potency and ADME attributes while avoiding the production of hERG active metabolites observed in early series leads. Compound 23 is a potent and selective MC4R antagonist with robust efficacy in an aged rat model of cachexia and has progressed into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron C Smith
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jana Polivkova
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Autumn L Arons
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Guoyun Bai
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | | | - Markus Boehm
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Leanne M Buzon
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sarah N Campion
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Matthew Cerny
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Shiao-Chi Chang
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Karen Coffman
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | | | - Kari R Fonseca
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kristen K Ford
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jeonifer Garren
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jimmy X Kong
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Martin R M Koos
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Daniel W Kung
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Yajing Lian
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Monica M Li
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Qifang Li
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | | | | | - Kevin Ogilvie
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kiyoyuki Omoto
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Brian Raymer
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Matthew R Reese
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Tim Ryder
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Lacey Samp
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | | | | | - Qingyi Yang
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kaicheng Zhu
- Pfizer, Incorporated, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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Carvalho DS, da Silva DGB, Hallwass F, Navarro-Vázquez A. An Acrylonitrile-Based Copolymer Gel as an NMR Alignment Medium for Extraction of Residual Dipolar Couplings of Small Molecules in Aqueous Solution. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200446. [PMID: 36782376 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
An NMR weakly-aligning polymer gel has been prepared by copolymerization of acrylonitrile and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid in the presence of 1,4-butanediol diacrylate as a cross-linker. The polymer readily swells in water in a large range of temperatures, although the swelling ratio is decreased in saline solutions. The swollen gel can be mechanically compressed, in a reversible way, generating anisotropy, as easily shown in 2 H NMR experiments, and allowing measurement of 1 DCH residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) through F1-coupled HSQC experiments. The performance of this gel as a NMR alignment medium was evaluated in several water-soluble organic molecules and, while it provided RDCs of proper size for sucrose and even such as small molecule as 5-norbornen-2-ol, in the case of azidothymidine and cefuroxime sodium salt the strong interaction of these molecules with the gel prevented successful extraction of the RDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane S Carvalho
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitria, CEP, 50.740-540, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Danilo G B da Silva
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitria, CEP, 50.740-540, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Fernando Hallwass
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitria, CEP, 50.740-540, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Armando Navarro-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitria, CEP, 50.740-540, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Yu G, Wang G, Duan M, Jiang B, Zhang X, Li C, He L, Liu M. Self-Assembled Oligopeptide (FK) 4 as a Chiral Alignment Medium for the Anisotropic NMR Analysis of Organic Compounds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:29223-29229. [PMID: 35712808 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic NMR parameters have been proven to be powerful for the structural elucidation of organic molecules. Herein, we present an alignment medium based on the self-assembled (FK)4 oligopeptide, showing excellent properties in measurements of anisotropic NMR parameters in both D2O and CD3OD. The preparation of the (FK)4-based alignment medium is simple and rapid. The low viscosity of the anisotropic phase makes it easy to be transferred to the NMR tube. The alignment of the oligopeptide is fast, stable, and homogeneous, with weak background signals, permitting the acquirement of high-quality NMR spectra. The performance of this alignment medium in residual dipolar coupling measurements and diastereomer discriminations is demonstrated by analyzing several different analytes. The enantiodiscrimination property of the (FK)4 oligopeptide is revealed by the difference of residual chemical shift anisotropy of the two enantiomers in the 1D 13C spectrum, granting its potential use for the quantification and identification of enantiomers of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangjin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mojie Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Conggang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lichun He
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Maili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
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Knoll K, Herold D, Hirschmann M, Thiele CM. A supramolecular and liquid crystalline water-based alignment medium based on azobenzene-substituted 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxamides. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2022; 60:563-571. [PMID: 35266585 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A supramolecular, lyotropic liquid crystalline alignment medium based on an azobenzene-containing 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxamide (BTA) building block is described and investigated. As we demonstrate, this water-based system is suitable for the investigation of various water-soluble analytes and allows for a scaling of alignment strength through variation of temperature. Additionally, alignment is shown to reversibly collapse above a certain temperature, yielding an isotropic solution. This collapse allows for isotropic reference measurements, which are typically needed in addition to those in an anisotropic environment, to be performed using the same sample just by varying the temperature. The medium described thus provides easy access to anisotropic NMR observables and simplifies structure elucidation techniques based thereon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Knoll
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dominik Herold
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Max Hirschmann
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina M Thiele
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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