1
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Jaussaud Q, Ogbu IM, Pawar GG, Grau E, Robert F, Vidil T, Landais Y, Cramail H. Synthesis of polyurethanes through the oxidative decarboxylation of oxamic acids: a new gateway toward self-blown foams. Chem Sci 2024; 15:13475-13485. [PMID: 39183929 PMCID: PMC11339942 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02562h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane (PU) thermoplastics and thermosets were prepared through the step-growth polymerization of in situ generated polyisocyanates through the decarboxylation of polyoxamic acids, in the presence of phenyliodine diacetate (PIDA), and polyols. The CO2 produced during the reaction allowed the access to self-blown polyurethane foams through an endogenous chemical blowing. The acetic acid released from ligand exchange at the iodine center was also shown to accelerate the polymerization reaction, avoiding the recourse to an additional catalyst. Changing simple parameters during the production process allowed us to access flexible PU foams with a wide range of properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Jaussaud
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629 16 Avenue Pey-Berland F-33600 Pessac France
| | - Ikechukwu Martin Ogbu
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 351, Cours de la Libération F-33400 Talence France
| | - Govind Goroba Pawar
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 351, Cours de la Libération F-33400 Talence France
| | - Etienne Grau
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629 16 Avenue Pey-Berland F-33600 Pessac France
| | - Frédéric Robert
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 351, Cours de la Libération F-33400 Talence France
| | - Thomas Vidil
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629 16 Avenue Pey-Berland F-33600 Pessac France
| | - Yannick Landais
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 351, Cours de la Libération F-33400 Talence France
| | - Henri Cramail
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629 16 Avenue Pey-Berland F-33600 Pessac France
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2
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Han T, Tian T, Jiang S, Lu B. Bio-Based Polyurethane-Urea with Self-Healing and Closed-Loop Recyclability Synthesized from Renewable Carbon Dioxide and Vanillin. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2277. [PMID: 39204497 PMCID: PMC11359345 DOI: 10.3390/polym16162277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing recyclable and self-healing non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) from renewable resources to replace traditional petroleum-based polyurethane (PU) is crucial for advancing green chemistry and sustainable development. Herein, a series of innovative cross-linked Poly(hydroxyurethane-urea)s (PHUUs) were prepared using renewable carbon dioxide (CO2) and vanillin, which displayed excellent thermal stability properties and solvent resistance. These PHUUs were constructed through the introduction of reversible hydrogen and imine bonds into cross-linked polymer networks, resulting in the cross-linked PHUUs exhibiting thermoplastic-like reprocessability, self healing, and closed-loop recyclability. Notably, the results indicated that the VL-TTD*-50 with remarkable hot-pressed remolding efficiency (nearly 98.0%) and self-healing efficiency (exceeding 95.0%) of tensile strength at 60 °C. Furthermore, they can be degraded in the 1M HCl and THF (v:v = 2:8) solution at room temperature, followed by regeneration without altering their original chemical structure and mechanical properties. This study presents a novel strategy for preparing cross-linked PHUUs with self-healing and closed-loop recyclability from renewable resources as sustainable alternatives for traditional petroleum-based PUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Han
- School of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China;
| | - Tongshuai Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (T.T.); (S.J.)
| | - Shan Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (T.T.); (S.J.)
| | - Bo Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (T.T.); (S.J.)
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3
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Li Z, Li Y, Li Y. Effects of Three Different Kinds of Foaming Medium on the Properties of Expanded Thermal Plastic Polyurethane Prepared via Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Foaming. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2224. [PMID: 39125250 PMCID: PMC11314948 DOI: 10.3390/polym16152224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hot air, water, and glycerol were studied as foaming mediums for the production of ETPU to evaluate their influence on the behavior of the foam and compare the optimal particles for each of the foaming temperatures selected. The results showed that the times of water foaming and glycerol foaming were shorter by about 2/3 than with hot-air foaming. The best foaming temperatures for hot-air foaming, glycerol foaming, and water foaming are 110-115 °C, 75 °C, and 90 °C, respectively. The particles of glycerol foam have a matte appearance and their gloss is not very good. However, the particles in hot-air foaming are light, and the gloss is very satisfactory. The gloss of the surface of water-foaming particles is dim. At the same time, there is a faint matte appearance. Particles made with glycerol foaming and water foaming are more even than those made with hot-air foaming. The density of foaming materials from glycerol foaming, hot-air foaming, and water foaming are raised accordingly, while the hardness of foaming materials from glycerol foaming, water foaming, and hot-air foaming are successively increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- College of Intelligent Systens Science and Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Intelligent Systens Science and Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingru Li
- College of Intelligent Systens Science and Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China; (Z.L.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Super-Light Elastomer Materials of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
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4
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Ochiai B, Kobayashi Y. Non-Isocyanate Synthesis of Aliphatic Polyurethane by BiCl 3-Catalyzed Transurethanization Polycondensation. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1136. [PMID: 38675057 PMCID: PMC11053453 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-isocyanate polyurethane synthesis by non-Sn catalysis is an essential challenge toward green polyurethane synthesis. Bismuth compounds are attractive candidates due to their low cost, low toxicity, and availability to urethane chemistry. This work applied various Bi catalysts to the self-polycondensation of a bishydroxyurethane monomer and found BiCl3 to be an excellent catalyst through optimization. The catalytic activity and price of BiCl3 are comparable to those of Bu2SnO, while its toxicity is significantly low. BiCl3 is, therefore, a promising alternative to Sn-based catalysts in non-isocyanate polyurethane synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bungo Ochiai
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8510, Japan
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5
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Pierrard A, Melo SF, Thijssen Q, Van Vlierberghe S, Lancellotti P, Oury C, Detrembleur C, Jérôme C. Design of 3D-Photoprintable, Bio-, and Hemocompatible Nonisocyanate Polyurethane Elastomers for Biomedical Implants. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1810-1824. [PMID: 38360581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Polyurethanes (PUs) have adjustable mechanical properties, making them suitable for a wide range of applications, including in the biomedical field. Historically, these PUs have been synthesized from isocyanates, which are toxic compounds to handle. This has encouraged the search for safer and more environmentally friendly synthetic routes, leading today to the production of nonisocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs). Among these NIPUs, polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) bear additional hydroxyl groups, which are particularly attractive for derivatizing and adjusting their physicochemical properties. In this paper, polyether-based NIPU elastomers with variable stiffness are designed by functionalizing the hydroxyl groups of a poly(propylene glycol)-PHU by a cyclic carbonate carrying a pendant unsaturation, enabling them to be post-photo-cross-linked with polythiols (thiol-ene). Elastomers with remarkable mechanical properties whose stiffness can be adjusted are obtained. Thanks to the unique viscous properties of these PHU derivatives and their short gel times observed by rheology experiments, formulations for light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing have been developed. Objects were 3D-printed by digital light processing with a resolution down to the micrometer scale, demonstrating their ability to target various designs of prime importance for personalized medicine. In vitro biocompatibility tests have confirmed the noncytotoxicity of these materials for human fibroblasts. In vitro hemocompatibility tests have revealed that they do not induce hemolytic effects, they do not increase platelet adhesion, nor activate coagulation, demonstrating their potential for future applications in the cardiovascular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pierrard
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Allée du 6 août 13, Building B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Sofia F Melo
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences - Laboratory of Cardiology, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, Quartier Hôpital, Building B34, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15, Quartier Hôpital, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Quinten Thijssen
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrizio Lancellotti
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences - Laboratory of Cardiology, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, Quartier Hôpital, Building B34, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) of Liège, University of Liège Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Cécile Oury
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences - Laboratory of Cardiology, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, Quartier Hôpital, Building B34, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Allée du 6 août 13, Building B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Christine Jérôme
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Allée du 6 août 13, Building B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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6
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Muzyka C, Renson S, Grignard B, Detrembleur C, Monbaliu JCM. Intensified Continuous Flow Process for the Scalable Production of Bio-Based Glycerol Carbonate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319060. [PMID: 38197641 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
A subtle combination of fundamental and applied organic chemistry toward process intensification is demonstrated for the large-scale production of bio-based glycerol carbonate under flow conditions. The direct carbonation of bio-based glycidol with CO2 is successfully carried out under intensified flow conditions, with Barton's base as a potent homogeneous organocatalyst. Process metrics for the CO2 coupling step (for the upstream production, output: 3.6 kg day-1 , Space Time Yield (STY): 2.7 kg h-1 L-1 , Environmental factor (E-factor): 4.7) outclass previous reports. High conversion and selectivity are achieved in less than 30 s of residence time at pilot scale with a stoichiometric amount of CO2 . Supporting DFT computations reveal the unique features of the mechanism in presence of Brønsted bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Muzyka
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis (CiTOS), MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 13, 4000, Liège (Sart Tilman), Belgium
| | - Sébastien Renson
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis (CiTOS), MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 13, 4000, Liège (Sart Tilman), Belgium
| | - Bruno Grignard
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 13, 4000, Liège (Sart Tilman), Belgium
- Federation of Researchers in Innovative Technologies for CO2 Transformation (FRITCO2T technology platform), University of Liege, Allée de la Chimie, B6a, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 13, 4000, Liège (Sart Tilman), Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe M Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis (CiTOS), MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du Six Août 13, 4000, Liège (Sart Tilman), Belgium
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7
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Kosmela P, Sałasińska K, Kowalkowska-Zedler D, Barczewski M, Piasecki A, Saeb MR, Hejna A. Fire-Retardant Flexible Foamed Polyurethane (PU)-Based Composites: Armed and Charmed Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) Particles. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:656. [PMID: 38475340 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inadequate fire resistance of polymers raises questions about their advanced applications. Flexible polyurethane (PU) foams have myriad applications but inherently suffer from very high flammability. Because of the dependency of the ultimate properties (mechanical and damping performance) of PU foams on their cellular structure, reinforcement of PU with additives brings about further concerns. Though they are highly flammable and known for their environmental consequences, rubber wastes are desired from a circularity standpoint, which can also improve the mechanical properties of PU foams. In this work, melamine cyanurate (MC), melamine polyphosphate (MPP), and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) are used as well-known flame retardants (FRs) to develop highly fire-retardant ground tire rubber (GTR) particles for flexible PU foams. Analysis of the burning behavior of the resulting PU/GTR composites revealed that the armed GTR particles endowed PU with reduced flammability expressed by over 30% increase in limiting oxygen index, 50% drop in peak heat release rate, as well as reduced smoke generation. The Flame Retardancy Index (FRI) was used to classify and label PU/GTR composites such that the amount of GTR was found to be more important than that of FR type. The wide range of FRI (0.94-7.56), taking Poor to Good performance labels, was indicative of the sensitivity of flame retardancy to the hybridization of FR with GTR components, a feature of practicality. The results are promising for fire protection requirements in buildings; however, the flammability reduction was achieved at the expense of mechanical and thermal insulation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kosmela
- Department of Polymer Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Kamila Sałasińska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daria Kowalkowska-Zedler
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mateusz Barczewski
- Institute of Materials Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Piasecki
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 24, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksander Hejna
- Department of Polymer Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
- Institute of Materials Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznań, Poland
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8
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Li J, Xu X, Ma X, Cui M, Wang X, Chen J, Zhu J, Chen J. Antimicrobial Nonisocyanate Polyurethane Foam Derived from Lignin for Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1301-1310. [PMID: 38305746 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Medical dressings, as a cover for wounds, can replace damaged skin in the wound healing process to play a temporary barrier role, avoid or control wound infection, and provide a favorable environment for wound healing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for medical antimicrobial dressings for the treatment of chronic wounds. Although traditional polyurethane foam has been widely used in medical dressings, conventional polyurethane foams are primarily prepared using nonbiocompatible isocyanate-based compounds, which are potentially hazardous for both operators and applications in the medical field. Here, we propose nonisocyanate polyurethane foams naturally derived from lignin by enzymatic lignin alkylation, cyclic carbonation modification, and polymerization with diamine and the addition of a blowing agent. Silver nanoparticle solution was added during foaming to confer antimicrobial properties. This lignin-based nonisocyanate polyurethane/silver composite foam (named NIPU foam-silver) using a green synthesis method has good mechanical properties, which can be used to manufacture polyurethane/silver foams, and thermal and antimicrobial properties. Notably, NIPU foam-Ag showed more than 95% bactericidal efficacy against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus within 4 h. Evaluation of in vitro wounds in mice showed that this antimicrobial composite foam rapidly promotes wound healing and repairs damaged tissue. This suggests that this biobased biodegradable antimicrobial foam has significant scope for clinical applications in wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Li
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiaozhen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Minghui Cui
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital & Shandong University Center for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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9
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Bourguignon M, Grignard B, Detrembleur C. Cascade Exotherms for Rapidly Producing Hybrid Nonisocyanate Polyurethane Foams from Room Temperature Formulations. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:988-1000. [PMID: 38157412 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
For decades, self-blown polyurethane foams─found in an impressive range of materials─are produced by the toxic isocyanate chemistry and are difficult to recycle. Producing them in existing production plants by a rapid isocyanate-free self-blowing process from room temperature (RT) formulations is a long-lasting challenge. The recent water-induced self-blowing of nonisocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) formulations composed of a CO2-based tricyclic carbonate, diamine, water, and a catalyst successfully addressed the isocyanate issue, however failed to provide foams at RT. Herein, we elaborate a practical solution to empower the NIPU foam formation in record timeframes from RT formulations. We generate cascade exotherms by the addition of a highly reactive triamine and an epoxide to the formulation of the water-induced self-foaming process. These exotherms, combined to a fast cross-linking imparted by the triamine and epoxide, rapidly raise the temperature to the foaming threshold and deliver hybrid NIPU foams in 5 min with KOH as a catalyst. Careful selection of the monomers enables producing foams with a wide range of properties, as well as with an unprecedented high biobased content up to 90 wt %. Moreover, foams can be upcycled into polymer films by hot pressing, offering them a facile reuse scenario. This robust cheap process opens huge perspectives for greener foams of high biobased contents, expectedly responding to the sustainability demands of the foam sector. It is potentially compatible to the retrofitting of industrial foaming infrastructures, which is of paramount importance to accommodate existing foam production plants and address the huge foam market demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Bourguignon
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, Liege 4000, Belgium
| | - Bruno Grignard
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, Liege 4000, Belgium
- FRITCO2T Platform, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, Liege 4000, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, Liege 4000, Belgium
- WEL Research Institute, Avenue Pasteur, 6, Wavre 1300, Belgium
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10
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Mangal M, H S, Bose S, Banerjee T. Innovations in applications and prospects of non-isocyanate polyurethane bioplastics. Biopolymers 2023; 114:e23568. [PMID: 37846654 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Currently, conventional plastics are necessary for a variety of aspects of modern daily life, including applications in the fields of healthcare, technology, and construction. However, they could also contain potentially hazardous compounds like isocyanates, whose degradation has a negative impact on both the environment and human health. Therefore, researchers are exploring alternatives to plastic which is sustainable and environmentally friendly without compromising its mechanical and physical features. This review study highlights the production of highly eco-friendly bioplastic as an efficient alternative to non-biodegradable conventional plastic. Bioplastics are produced from various renewable biomass sources such as plant debris, fatty acids, and oils. Poly-addition of di-isocyanates and polyols is a technique employed over decades to produce polyurethanes (PUs) bioplastics from renewable biomass feedstock. The toxicity of isocyanates is a major concern with the above-mentioned approach. Novel green synthetic approaches for polyurethanes without using isocyanates have been attracting greater interest in recent years to overcome the toxicity of isocyanate-containing raw materials. The polyaddition of cyclic carbonates (CCs) and polyfunctional amines appears to be the most promising method to obtain non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs). This method results in the creation of polymeric materials with distinctive and adaptable features with the elimination of harmful compounds. Consequently, non-isocyanate polyurethanes represent a new class of green polymeric materials. In this review study, we have discussed the possibility of creating novel NIPUs from renewable feedstocks in the context of the growing demand for efficient and ecologically friendly plastic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangal Mangal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Supriya H
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Tamal Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
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11
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Abstract
Polyurethane (PU) foams are produced from toxic, petrochemical- and phosgene-derived isocyanates. Although nonisocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) has shown promise as a replacement for traditional PU, the synthesis of NIPU foams has not been widely studied due to the difficulties in replicating the foaming process of PU, in situ CO2 production through the hydrolysis of isocyanates. Hereby, we report the synthesis of amine-CO2 adducts and their CO2 adsorption-desorption characteristics under different conditions. The results show that the amine-CO2 adducts can exhibit up to 87% CO2 desorption at 60 °C after aminolysis with cyclic carbonate. The amine-CO2 adduct is used as both a foaming agent and a comonomer to obtain low-density foams (0.203-0.239 g·cm-3) after heating at 50-60 °C for 24-48 h. This marks the successful synthesis of in situ CO2-blown NIPU foams using an amine-CO2 adduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sen Choong
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yen Li Eunice Hui
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chen Chuan Lim
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
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12
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Purwanto NS, Chen Y, Wang T, Torkelson JM. Rapidly synthesized, self-blowing, non-isocyanate Polyurethane network foams with reprocessing to bulk networks via hydroxyurethane dynamic chemistry. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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13
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Easley AD, Mangano A, Fors BP. Safer Polyurethane Foams with Cyclic Carbonates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218062. [PMID: 36637901 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Polyurethanes (PUs) are a class of materials usually synthesized from isocyanates, diols, and water. Water is essential for producing carbon dioxide (CO2 ) which is used for the self-blowing of the foams. Due to safety concerns with the production of isocyanates, alternative chemistries have been evaluated and cyclic carbonate systems have shown great promise. In a recent advancement by Bourguignon, Grignard, and Detrembleur, a cyclic carbonate and diamine system is capable of generating CO2 for self-blowing through hydrolysis of the carbonate-based monomer. The authors demonstrate that with a simple variation of the diamine monomer a wide range of physical and thermo-mechanical properties were achievable. This work represents a significant step towards safer and more environmentally friendly PUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra D Easley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY-14853, USA
| | - Alison Mangano
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY-14853, USA
| | - Brett P Fors
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY-14853, USA
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