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Synthesis, properties, and material hybridization of bare aromatic polymers enabled by dendrimer support. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5358. [PMID: 36114165 PMCID: PMC9481634 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatic polymers are the first-choice platform for current organic materials due to their distinct optical, electronic, and mechanical properties as well as their biocompatibility. However, bare aromatic polymer backbones tend to strongly aggregate, rendering them essentially insoluble in organic solvent. While the typical solution is to install many solubilizing substituents on the backbones, this often provokes undesired property changes. Herein, we report the synthesis of bare aromatic polymers enabled by a dendrimer support. An initiator arene containing a diterpenoid-based dendrimer undergoes Pd-catalyzed polymerization with monomers bearing no solubilizing substituents to furnish bare aromatic polymers such as polythiophenes and poly(para-phenylene)s. The high solubility of dendrimer-ligated polymers allows not only the unveiling of the properties of unsubstituted π-conjugated backbone, but also mild release of dendrimer-free aromatic polymers and even transfer of aromatic polymers to other materials, such as silica gel and protein, which may accelerate the creation of hybrid materials nowadays challenging to access. Unsubstituted aromatic polymers are materials with multiple potential applications, but their preparation remains challenging. Here, the authors report a dendrimer-enabled synthesis of soluble bare aromatic polymers and explore their properties; these compounds can be further transformed into other materials.
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Alishahi N, Mohammadpoor‐Baltork I, Tangestaninejad S, Mirkhani V, Moghadam M, Kia R. Calixarene Based Ionic Liquid as an Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for One‐Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyridines and Bis‐pyridines. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Alishahi
- Department of ChemistryCatalysis DivisionUniversity of Isfahan Isfahan 81746–73441 Iran
| | | | | | - Valiollah Mirkhani
- Department of ChemistryCatalysis DivisionUniversity of Isfahan Isfahan 81746–73441 Iran
| | - Majid Moghadam
- Department of ChemistryCatalysis DivisionUniversity of Isfahan Isfahan 81746–73441 Iran
| | - Reza Kia
- Chemistry DepartmentSharif University of Technology P.O. Box 11155–3516 Tehran Iran
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Synthesis and Antimicrobial Assessment of Fe 3+ Inclusion Complex of p- tert-Butylcalix[4]arene Diamide Derivative. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/2534072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Present study deals with the synthesis of the p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene diamide derivative as ligand (L) and its Fe3+ complex, followed by its characterization using TLC and FT-IR, while UV-Vis and Job’s plot study were performed for complex formation. Antimicrobial activity of the derivative (L) and its metal complex was carried out by the disc diffusion method against bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus albus) and fungi (R. stolonifer). Different concentrations of the derivative (L) (6, 3, 1.5, 0.75, and 0.37 μg/mL) and its Fe3+ complex were prepared, and Mueller–Hinton agar was used as the medium for the growth of microorganisms. Six successive dilutions of the derivative (L) and Fe3+ complex were used against microorganisms. Two successive dilutions (6 and 3 μg/mL) of the derivative (L) showed antibacterial action against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, three successive dilutions (6, 3, and 1.5 μg/mL) of the derivative (L) showed antifungal activity. However, all of six dilutions of the Fe3+ complex showed antimicrobial activity. Derivative (L) showed 3 and 1.5 μg/mL minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against bacteria and fungi, respectively. On the contrary, its Fe3+ complex showed 0.37 μg/mL value of MIC against bacteria and fungi. Hence, Fe3+ complex of the derivative (L) was found to be a more effective antimicrobial agent against selected bacteria and fungi than the diamide derivative (L).
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Danil de Namor AFD, Hamdan WA, Webb O, Bance-Soualhi R, Howlin B, Al Hakawati N. Calix[4]arene urea derivatives: The pathway from fundamental studies to the selective removal of fluorides and phosphates from water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 364:733-741. [PMID: 30419542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wet processes of phosphoric acids produce untreated wastewater containing large amounts of fluoride leading to serious environmental problems. This paper reports fundamental studies on two lower rim functionalised calix[4]arene based receptors namely 5, 11, 17, 23 tetra-tert-butyl, 25, 27 bis [diethylphenylurea]ethoxy, 26, 28 dihydroxycalix[4]arene, 1 and 25, 27 bis[diethylphenylurea]ethoxy, 26, 28 dihydroxycalix[4]arene, 2 and their ionic interactions. It is shown that these receptors only interact with fluoride and phosphate in acetonitrile. Their receptive properties are higher for phosphate (2:1 anion:receptor complex) relative to fluoride (1:1 complex). However, thermodynamics shows that these receptors are more selective for fluoride relative to phosphate in the formation of the 1:1 complex. The pathway from fundamental studies to the use of these receptors for removing these anions from water has been tested. The receptive properties of 1 for phosphate are held when the extraction involves aqueous solutions containing individual ions. However, in mixtures containing both anions, the kinetics of the process and the selectivity of 1 for fluoride predominate and as a result, fluoride is better extracted than phosphate. The counter-ion effect on the removal process is assessed from Molecular Simulation studies. The removal of fluoride from phosphate is discussed taking into account existing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela F Danil Danil de Namor
- Laboratory of Thermochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
| | - Weam Abou Hamdan
- Laboratory of Thermochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Webb
- Laboratory of Thermochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Rachida Bance-Soualhi
- Laboratory of Thermochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan Howlin
- Laboratory of Thermochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Nawal Al Hakawati
- Laboratory of Thermochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
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Özcan F, Bayrakcı M, Ertul Ş. Synthesis and characterization of novel nanofiber based calixarene and its binding efficiency towards chromium and uranium ions. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-016-0604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bayrakcı M, Özcan F, Ertul Ş. Synthesis of calixamide nanofibers by electrospinning and toxic anion binding to the fiber structures. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Edwards NY, Liu F, Chen G. Experimental and computational studies of anion recognition by pyridine-functionalised calixarenes. Supramol Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2013.794946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Y. Edwards
- a Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University, Worthington Scranton , Dunmore , PA , 18512 , USA
| | - Fang Liu
- b Department of Chemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , CA , 90095 , USA
| | - Gong Chen
- c Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA , 16802 , USA
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Synthesis and application of novel magnetite nanoparticle based azacrown ether for protein recognition. Macromol Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-013-1135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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