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Laitman JT, Albertine KH, Smith HF. Expanding understanding of the autonomic nervous system with a dash of Flemish charm, Belgian beer, and unrelenting camaraderie: The Anatomical Record raises a glass to J-P Timmermans. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:2217-2221. [PMID: 37475180 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Laitman
- Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kurt H Albertine
- Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Mediicne, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Heather F Smith
- Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Midwestern University, Gendale, Arizona, USA
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Duan H, Cai X, Luan Y, Yang S, Yang J, Dong H, Zeng H, Shao L. Regulation of the Autonomic Nervous System on Intestine. Front Physiol 2021; 12:700129. [PMID: 34335306 PMCID: PMC8317205 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.700129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestine is composed of various types of cells including absorptive epithelial cells, goblet cells, endocrine cells, Paneth cells, immunological cells, and so on, which play digestion, absorption, neuroendocrine, immunological function. Intestine is innervated with extrinsic autonomic nerves and intrinsic enteric nerves. The neurotransmitters and counterpart receptors are widely distributed in the different intestinal cells. Intestinal autonomic nerve system includes sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, which regulate cellular proliferation and function in intestine under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Presently, distribution and functional characteristics of autonomic nervous system in intestine were reviewed. How autonomic nervous system regulates intestinal cell proliferation was discussed. Function of autonomic nervous system on intestinal diseases was extensively reviewed. It might be helpful to properly manipulate autonomic nervous system during treating different intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Duan
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xueqin Cai
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yingying Luan
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huihong Zeng
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lijian Shao
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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3
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Dou D, Liang J, Zhai X, Li G, Wang H, Han L, Lin L, Ren Y, Liu S, Liu C, Guo W, Li J. Oxytocin signalling in dendritic cells regulates immune tolerance in the intestine and alleviates DSS-induced colitis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:597-611. [PMID: 33564880 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that is associated with immune dysfunction. Recent studies have indicated that the neurosecretory hormone oxytocin (OXT) has been proven to alleviate experimental colitis. METHODS We investigated the role of OXT/OXT receptor (OXTR) signalling in dendritic cells (DCs) using mice with specific OXTR deletion in CD11c+ cells (OXTRflox/flox×CD11c-cre mice) and a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model. RESULTS The level of OXT was abnormal in the serum or colon tissue of DSS-induced colitis mice or the plasma of UC patients. Both bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) and lamina propria DCs (LPDCs) express OXTR. Knocking out OXTR in DCs exacerbated DSS-induced acute and chronic colitis in mice. In contrast, the injection of OXT-pretreated DCs significantly ameliorated colitis. Mechanistically, OXT prevented DC maturation through the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (Pi3K)/AKT pathway and promoted phagocytosis, adhesion and cytokine modulation in DCs. Furthermore, OXT pre-treated DCs prevent CD4+ T cells differentiation to T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that OXT-induced tolerogenic DCs efficiently protect against experimental colitis via Pi3K/AKT pathway. Our work provides evidence that the nervous system participates in the immune regulation of colitis by modulating DCs. Our findings suggest that generating ex vivo DCs pretreated with OXT opens new therapeutic perspectives for the treatment of UC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Dou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jinghui Liang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Guosheng Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Liying Han
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yifei Ren
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Shilian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chuanyong Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Fornai M, van den Wijngaard RM, Antonioli L, Pellegrini C, Blandizzi C, de Jonge WJ. Neuronal regulation of intestinal immune functions in health and disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13406. [PMID: 30058092 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nerve-mucosa interactions control various elements of gastrointestinal functions, including mucosal host defense, gut barrier function, and epithelial cell growth and differentiation. In both intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases, alterations of autonomic nerve activity have been observed to be concurrent with the disease course, such as in inflammatory and functional bowel diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. This is relevant as the extrinsic autonomic nervous system is increasingly recognized to modulate gut inflammatory responses. The molecular and cellular mechanisms through which the extrinsic and intrinsic nerve pathways may regulate digestive mucosal functions have been investigated in several pre-clinical and clinical studies. PURPOSE The present review focuses on the involvement of neural pathways in gastrointestinal disease, and addresses the current strategies to intervene with neuronal pathway as a means of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fornai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R M van den Wijngaard
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Antonioli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Pellegrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Blandizzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - W J de Jonge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Buckinx R, Alpaerts K, Pintelon I, Cools N, Van Nassauw L, Adriaensen D, Timmermans JP. In situ proximity of CX3CR1-positive mononuclear phagocytes and VIP-ergic nerve fibers suggests VIP-ergic immunomodulation in the mouse ileum. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 368:459-467. [PMID: 28190088 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Being continuously exposed to a plethora of antigens ranging from food antigens to potential pathogenic organisms, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract harbors the largest collection of immune cells in the mammalian body. This immune system has to maintain a delicate balance between mounting an active immune response and maintaining tolerance. The GI tract is also home to an elaborate intrinsic nervous system, the enteric nervous system (ENS). Various in vitro studies of neuro-immune communication have suggested that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), an important GI neurotransmitter, modulates mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs), i.e., dendritic cells and macrophages. Using a combined approach of reverse transcription plus the polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, three-dimensional maximum intensity projections and immunoelectron microscopy, we investigate the interaction between the enteric innervation and MNPs in the ileal lamina propria (LP). We demonstrate that VIP-ergic fibers of the ENS lie adjacent to CX3CR1+ MNPs and that VPAC1 is constitutively expressed on ileal CX3CR1+ cells in the LP of the mouse. We also identify, for the first time, CX3CR1+ immune cells in the LP at the ultrastructural level. Our data thus reveal the in situ presence of the molecular components that are necessary for a VIP-mediated neuro-immune interaction between the ENS and CX3CR1-expressing immune cells in the LP of the ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roeland Buckinx
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Katrien Alpaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Cools
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Edegem, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Nassauw
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dirk Adriaensen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Alpaerts K, Buckinx R, Cools N, Heylen M, Nullens S, Berneman Z, De Winter B, Adriaensen D, Van Nassauw L, Timmermans JP. Effect of schistosomiasis on CX3CR1-expressing mononuclear phagocytes in the ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes of the mouse. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:1587-99. [PMID: 26303459 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) maintain immune homeostasis, only initiating an active immune response against invading pathogens. However, little information is available on the reaction of mononuclear phagocytes (MNP) to intestinal trematode infection, a reaction equally important in helminth-based therapies. The CD11c(+) CX3CR1(+) F4/80(-) DCs in the ileal lamina propria (LP) of the mouse were proven to migrate to the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). We analyzed all MNP subsets present in the mouse LP and MLNs, under steady-state conditions and during acute Schistosoma mansoni-induced inflammation. Furthermore, we studied the uptake of schistosomal antigens by MNP in vivo in the LP and MLNs. METHODS Using a combination of immunohistochemistry and multiparametric flow cytometry, we investigated distributional changes of the MNP during acute intestinal schistosomiasis. Next, S. mansoni-derived products, i.e., S. mansoni soluble worm proteins (SmSWP) and S. mansoni soluble egg antigens (SmSEA) were intraperitoneally injected into CX3CR1(+/) (GFP) C57BL/6 mice and antigen uptake was analyzed using confocal microscopy. KEY RESULTS The CD11c(+) CX3CR1(+) F4/80(-) DCs significantly increased during intestinal schistosomiasis in the LP and MLNs. Only CX3CR1-expressing DC and MФ subsets, but not other LP DCs, are involved in both SmSWP and SmSEA antigen uptake and processing. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The significant upregulation of CD11c(+) CX3CR1(+) F4/80(-) DCs during intestinal schistosomiasis and the restriction of phagocytosis of parasitic antigens to CX3CR1-expresssing MNP indicate a crucial role for this immune cell niche in response to trematodiasis. These findings add insight into the functional specialization of LP immune cells and add to the understanding of cellular mechanisms behind helminth-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Alpaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - R Buckinx
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - N Cools
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Edegem, Belgium
| | - M Heylen
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - S Nullens
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Z Berneman
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Edegem, Belgium.,Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Edegem, Belgium
| | - B De Winter
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - D Adriaensen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - L Van Nassauw
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - J-P Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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