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Zheng J, Zhu S, Xu H, Li J, Tang H, Zhou Y, Huang Z, Liu G. miR-363-3p inhibits rat lung alveolar type II cell proliferation by downregulating STRA6 expression and induces cell apoptosis via cellular oxidative stress and G1-phase cell cycle arrest. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:2095-2105. [PMID: 34584880 PMCID: PMC8429880 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-363-3p, the retinoid signaling pathway (RSP), and its associated membrane receptor, stimulated by retinoic acid 6 (STRA6), participate in lung development. We hypothesize that miR-363-3p is involved in lung cell proliferation and apoptosis by regulating the expression of STRA6, and this study was designed to investigate the effect of changes in the expressions of miR-363-3p and the STRA6 gene on the proliferation and apoptosis of rat alveolar type II cells. METHODS To confirm our hypothesis, we used: a dual-luciferase reporter assay; cell culture and transfection; real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR); Western blotting; a cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry analysis of the cell cycle, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress level, and mitochondrial membrane potential. RESULTS Our results showed that STRA6 is a target gene for miR-363-3p, and when the expression of miR-363-3p increased, the relative messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of STRA6 decreased, which caused a decrease in STRA6 protein synthesis and subsequent inhibition of rat lung alveolar type II cell proliferation. In contrast, inhibiting the expression of miR-363-3p promoted the proliferation of these cells. This study also found that an increased expression of miR-363-3p induced rat lung alveolar type II cell apoptosis led to an increase in the oxidative stress level, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and an inducement of G1-phase cell cycle arrest. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, miR-363-3p is associated with lung cell proliferation and apoptosis, while miR-363-3p inhibits rat lung alveolar type II cell proliferation by downregulating the expression of STRA6 and induces cell apoptosis by increasing cellular oxidative stress and G1-phase cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Zheng
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Shibo Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiyu Xu
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jiequan Li
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Huajian Tang
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yanfen Zhou
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Zhaomei Huang
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.,Women and Children Medical Research Center Affiliated to Foshan Institute of Fetal Medicine, Foshan, China
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Li M, Gao X, Liu K, Bao N, Jiang Z. MiR-379-5p aggravates experimental autoimmune uveitis in mice via the regulation of SEMA3A. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:275-283. [PMID: 34060391 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1931841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Uveitis is a disease resulting in the inflammation of uveal tracts, but the factors resulting in uveitis is still obscure. Previous studies have shown that miR-379-5p was involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases, however, the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-379-5p in uveitis were unclear. In our study, we established experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) mouse models to explore the role of miR-379-5p in uveitis. RT-qPCR identified that miR-379-5p level was increased in serum of EAU mice. In mechanism, SEMA3A 3'UTR was proven to be directly targeted by miR-379-5p and SEMA3A expression was negatively regulated by miR-379-5p in CD4+ T cells. Moreover, ELISA analysis revealed that knockdown of miR-379-5p suppressed the production of inflammation cytokines including IL-17, TNF-α and IL-β in vitro. These results were reversed by SEMA3A overexpression. In addition, the reduction of Th17 cells under miR-379-5p inhibitor was neutralised by SEMA3A knockdown in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrated that knockdown of miR-379-5p significantly reversed the increased clinical scores and inflammatory response resulting from EAU treatment and this effect was further countervailed by SEMA3A silencing. Our study suggested that miR-379-5p aggravated uveitis in EAU mice via the regulation of SEMA3A, which may provide a novel insight for uveitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kou Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ning Bao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengxuan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Zhou Y, Yu Z, Wang X, Chen W, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Yin J, Han S. Exosomal circRNAs contribute to intestinal development via the VEGF signalling pathway in human term and preterm colostrum. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11218-11233. [PMID: 33820870 PMCID: PMC8109075 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human breast milk (HBM) provides essential nutrients for newborn growth and development, and contains a variety of biologically active ingredients that can affect gastrointestinal tract and immune system development in breastfed infants. HBM also contains mRNAs, microRNAs and lncRNAs, most of which are encapsulated in milk-derived exosomes and exhibit various important infant development related biological functions. While previous studies have shown that exosomal circRNAs are involved in the intestinal epithelial cells’ proliferation and repair. However, the effect of HBM exosomal circRNAs on intestinal development is not clear. In this study, we identified 6756 circRNAs both in preterm colostrum (PC) and term colostrum (TC), of which 66 were upregulated, and 42 were downregulated (|fold change>2|, p < 0.05) in PC. Pathway analysis showed that the VEGF signalling pathway was involved, and network analysis revealed that the differentially expressed circRNAs bound various miRNAs. Further analyses showed that has_circRNA_405708 and has_circRNA_104707 were involved in the VEGF signalling pathway, and that they all bound various mirRNAs. Exosomes found in preterm colostrum (PC) and term colostrum (TC) promoted VEGF protein expression and induced the proliferation and migration of small intestinal epithelial cells (FHCs). Exosomal circRNAs found in human colostrum (HC) binding to related miRNAs may regulate VEGF signalling, and intestinal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Fourth Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhangbin Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Xingyun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Yinghui Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Jing Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Shuping Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
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Zheng J, He Q, Tang H, Li J, Xu H, Mao X, Liu G. Overexpression of miR-455-5p affects retinol (vitamin A) absorption by downregulating STRA6 in a nitrofen-induced CDH with lung hypoplasia rat model. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1433-1439. [PMID: 32237270 PMCID: PMC7318713 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lung hypoplasia is the main cause of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)-associated death but pathogenesis remains unclear. MiR-455-5p is involved in lung hypoplasia. We hypothesized that nitrofen causes abnormal miR-455-5p expression during lung development and designed this study to determine the relationship between miR-455-5p, stimulated by retinoic acid 6 (STRA6), and retinol in a nitrofen-induced CDH with lung hypoplasia rat model. Nitrofen or olive oil was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats by gavage on day 9.5 of gestation, and the rats were divided into a nitrofen group and a control group (n = 6). The left lung of fetuses was dissected on day 15.5. The expression of miR-455-5p or STRA6 messenger RNA (mRNA) was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Average integrated optical density (IOD) of STRA6 protein was determined by immunofluorescence histochemistry. The average retinol level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n = 6 lungs, respectively). Compared with the control group, the nitrofen group exhibited significantly increased miR-455-5p expression levels (29.450 ± 9.253 vs 5.955 ± 2.330; P = .00045) and significantly decreased STRA6 mRNA levels (0.197 ± 0.097 vs 0.588 ± 0.184; P = .0047). In addition, the average IOD of the STRA6 protein was significantly lower in the nitrofen group (805.643 ± 291.182 vs 1616.391 ± 572.308, P = .015), and the average retinol level was significantly reduced (4.013 ± 0.195 vs 5.317 ± 0.337 µg/L, P = .000). In summary, the overexpression of miR-455-5p affected retinol absorption by downregulating STRA6 in the nitrofen-induced CDH with lung hypoplasia rat model, and this downregulation may be one cause of CDH with lung hypoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Zheng
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuming He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Huajian Tang
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiequan Li
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiyu Xu
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangming Mao
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
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Lignelli E, Palumbo F, Myti D, Morty RE. Recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of lung alveolarization and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L832-L887. [PMID: 31596603 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00369.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. A key histopathological feature of BPD is stunted late lung development, where the process of alveolarization-the generation of alveolar gas exchange units-is impeded, through mechanisms that remain largely unclear. As such, there is interest in the clarification both of the pathomechanisms at play in affected lungs, and the mechanisms of de novo alveoli generation in healthy, developing lungs. A better understanding of normal and pathological alveolarization might reveal opportunities for improved medical management of affected infants. Furthermore, disturbances to the alveolar architecture are a key histopathological feature of several adult chronic lung diseases, including emphysema and fibrosis, and it is envisaged that knowledge about the mechanisms of alveologenesis might facilitate regeneration of healthy lung parenchyma in affected patients. To this end, recent efforts have interrogated clinical data, developed new-and refined existing-in vivo and in vitro models of BPD, have applied new microscopic and radiographic approaches, and have developed advanced cell-culture approaches, including organoid generation. Advances have also been made in the development of other methodologies, including single-cell analysis, metabolomics, lipidomics, and proteomics, as well as the generation and use of complex mouse genetics tools. The objective of this review is to present advances made in our understanding of the mechanisms of lung alveolarization and BPD over the period 1 January 2017-30 June 2019, a period that spans the 50th anniversary of the original clinical description of BPD in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Lignelli
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Francesco Palumbo
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Despoina Myti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rory E Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
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