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Cao HH, Zhang SZ, Zhu LB, Wang J, Liu YX, Wang YL, Kong X, You LL, Toufeeq S, Liu SH, Xu JP. The digestive proteinase trypsin, alkaline A contributes to anti-BmNPV activity in silkworm (Bombyx mori). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:104035. [PMID: 33535067 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a serious pathogenic microorganism that causes tremendous loss to sericulture. Previous studies have found that some proteins of serine protease family in the digestive juice of B. mori larvae have anti-BmNPV activity. In our previous publication about proteome analysis of the digestive juice of B. mori larvae, the digestive enzyme trypsin, alkaline A (BmTA) was filtered as a differentially expressed protein possibly involved in BmNPV resistance. Here, the biological characteristics and anti-BmNPV functions of BmTA were comprehensively analysed. The cDNA sequence of BmTA had an ORF of 768 nucleotides encoding 255 amino acid residues. Domain architecture analysis showed that BmTA contained a signal peptide and a typical Tryp_SPc domain. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that BmTA was highly expressed in the larval stages and specifically expressed in the midgut of B. mori larvae. The expression level of BmTA in BmNPV resistant strain A35 was higher than that in susceptible strain P50. After BmNPV infection, the expression of BmTA increased in both strains from 24 to 72 h. Virus amplification analysis showed that the relative levels of VP39 in B. mori larvae and BmN cells infected with the appropriate concentration of recombinant-BmTA-treated BmNPV were significantly lower than in the control groups. Moreover, overexpression of BmTA in BmN cells significantly inhibited the amplification of BmNPV. Taken together, the results of this study indicated that BmTA possessed anti-BmNPV activity in B. mori, which broadens the horizon for virus-resistant breeding of silkworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hua Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shang-Zhi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Lin-Bao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ying-Xue Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yu-Ling Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xue Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ling-Ling You
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shahzad Toufeeq
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shi-Huo Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Wang XY, Zhao CX, Wang X, Zhao ZQ, Su ZH, Xu PZ, Li MW, Wu YC. The validation of the role of several genes related to Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection in vivo. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 106:e21762. [PMID: 33415772 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is one of primary silkworm pathogens and causes a serious damage of cocoon losses every year. Recent years, many works have been done to clarify the silkworm anti-BmNPV mechanism, and a significant progress has been made in screening and studying of genes and proteins related to BmNPV infection, but several of them lacked the proofs in vivo. In this study, to further validate the function of seven newly reported genes in vivo, including BmAtlatin-n, Bmferritin-heavy chain (BmFerHCH), Bmthymosin (BmTHY), Bmseroin1, Bmseroin2, Bmnuclear hormone receptors 96 (BmNHR96), and BmE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SINA-like 10 (BmSINAL10), the response of them in the midgut, fat body, and hemolymph of differentially resistant strains (resistant strain YeA and susceptible strain YeB) at 48 h following BmNPV infection were analyzed. The results showed that the relative stable or upregulated expression level of BmAtlatin-n, BmTHY, Bmseroin1, and Bmseroin2 in YeA resistant strain following BmNPV infection further indicated their antiviral role in vivo, compared with susceptible YeB strain. Moreover, the significant downregulation of BmFerHCH, BmNHR96, and BmSINAL10 in both strains following BmNPV infection revealed their role in benefiting virus infection, as well as the upregulation of BmFerHCH in YeB midgut and BmSINAL10 in YeB hemolymph. These data could be used to complementary the proofs of the function of these genes in response to BmNPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi-Qin Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping-Zhen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mu-Wang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang-Chun Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Hu ZG, Dong ZQ, Dong FF, Zhu Y, Chen P, Lu C, Pan MH. Identification of a PP2A gene in Bombyx mori with antiviral function against B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus. INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:687-696. [PMID: 31070299 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ser/Thr protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is one of the type 2 protein phosphatases, which is required for many intracellular physiological processes and pathogen infection. However, the function of PP2A is unclear in silkworm, Bombyx mori. Here, we cloned and identified BmPP2A, a PP2A gene from B. mori, which has two HEAT domains and a high similarity to PP2A from other organisms. Our results showed that BmPP2A is localized in the cytoplasm and highly expressed in silkworm epidermis and midgut, and that Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection induces down-regulation of BmPP2A expression. Furthermore, up-regulation of BmPP2A via overexpression significantly inhibited BmNPV multiplication. In contrast, down-regulation of BmPP2A via RNA interference and okadaic acid (a PP2A inhibitor) treatment allowed robust BmNPV replication. This is the first report of PP2A having an antiviral effect in silkworm and provides insights into the function of BmPP2A, a potential anti-BmNPV mechanism, and a possible target for the breeding of silkworm-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhan-Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei-Fan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min-Hui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Zhang SZ, Zhu LB, You LL, Wang J, Cao HH, Liu YX, Toufeeq S, Wang YL, Kong X, Xu JP. A Novel Digestive Proteinase Lipase Member H-A in Bombyx mori Contributes to Digestive Juice Antiviral Activity Against B. mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11030154. [PMID: 32121517 PMCID: PMC7143000 DOI: 10.3390/insects11030154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that some proteins in Bombyx mori larvae digestive juice show antiviral activity. Here, based on the label-free proteomics data, BmLipase member H-A (BmLHA) was identified as being involved in the response to BmNPV infection in B. mori larvae digestive juice. In the present study, a gene encoding the BmLHA protein in B. mori was characterized. The protein has an open reading fragment of 999 bp, encoding a predicted 332 amino acid residue-protein with a molecular weight of approximately 35.9 kDa. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that BmLHA shares a close genetic distance with Papilio xuthus Lipase member H-A. BmLHA was highly expressed in the middle part of the B. mori gut, and the expression level increased with instar rising in larvae. There was higher expression of BmLHA in A35 than in P50 strains, and it was upregulated in both A35 and P50 strains, following BmNPV infection. The expression level of VP39 decreased significantly in appropriate recombinant-BmLHA-treated groups compared with the PBS-treated group in B. mori larvae and BmN cells. Meanwhile, overexpression of BmLHA significantly reduced the infectivity of BmNPV in BmN cells. These results indicated that BmLHA did not have digestive function but had anti-BmNPV activity. Taken together, our work provides valuable data for the clarification of the molecular characterization BmLHA and supplements research on proteins of anti-BmNPV activity in B. mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Zhi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lin-Bao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ling-Ling You
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hui-Hua Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ying-Xue Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shahzad Toufeeq
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yu-Ling Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xue Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0551-65786691
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