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Xie L, Zheng R, Hu H, Li L. Determination of hypochlorite and bisulfite in water by bifunctional colorimetric sensor based on octupolar conjugated merocyanine dyes. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Dirir AM, Daou M, Yousef AF, Yousef LF. A review of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from plants as potential candidates for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2022; 21:1049-1079. [PMID: 34421444 PMCID: PMC8364835 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09773-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial global health disorder that is rising at an alarming rate. Cardiovascular diseases, kidney damage and neuropathy are the main cause of high mortality rates among individuals with diabetes. One effective therapeutic approach for controlling hyperglycemia associated with type-2 diabetes is to target alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, enzymes that catalyzes starch hydrolysis in the intestine. At present, approved inhibitors for these enzymes are restricted to acarbose, miglitol and voglibose. Although these inhibitors retard glucose absorption, undesirable gastrointestinal side effects impede their application. Therefore, research efforts continue to seek novel inhibitors with improved efficacy and minimal side effects. Natural products of plant origin have been a valuable source of therapeutic agents with lesser toxicity and side effects. The anti-diabetic potential through alpha-glucosidase inhibition of plant-derived molecules are summarized in this review. Eight molecules (Taxumariene F, Akebonoic acid, Morusin, Rhaponticin, Procyanidin A2, Alaternin, Mulberrofuran K and Psoralidin) were selected as promising drug candidates and their pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity were discussed where available. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11101-021-09773-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina M. Dirir
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Marianne Daou
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ahmed F. Yousef
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Center for Membranes and Advances Water Technology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Lina F. Yousef
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Rheum rhaponticum Root Extract Improves Vasomotor Menopausal Symptoms and Estrogen-Regulated Targets in Ovariectomized Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031032. [PMID: 33494167 PMCID: PMC7864327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian insufficiency and ovariectomy are characterized by deregulated heat loss mechanisms. Unlike hormone therapy, ERr 731 (a standardized botanical extract of Siberian rhubarb Rheum rhaponticum L. high in rhaponticin) acts like a selective estrogen receptor modulator for ERβ receptors and may offer a higher degree of safety while maintaining the desired efficacy profile. In this study, we examined the relationship between oral administration of ERr 731 and the underlying components of skin vasomotion responses in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. ERr 731 dose-dependently reduced tail skin temperature (Tskin) values by an average of 1 °C. The rapid onset of this effect was observed in 1 and 3 mg/kg/day ERr 731 groups as early as day 2 of administration, and remained in place for the duration of the treatment (2 weeks). Substituting ERr 731 after E2 withdrawal helped maintain body temperature similarly to E2 alone, suggesting the usefulness of ERr 731 for replacing existing hormonal therapy in humans. ERr 731 also acted as a highly selective agonist for ERβ in the hypothalamus of OVX rats, as well as in ERα/β cell-based reporter assays. These data validate the OVX/Tskin rat model as a suitable screening platform to evaluate botanical and pharmaceutical treatments of menopause, while providing further evidence for the efficacy of ERr 731 towards alleviating vasomotor menopausal symptoms and improving wellbeing during the menopausal transition.
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Hefnawy M, Al-Shehri M, Al-Rashood S, Hammad S, Alanazi M, Alsaif N, Mohammed M, Obaidullah A, El-Gendy M. Validated Microwell-Based Spectrofluorimetric Method for Quantification of Ravidasvir (New Anti-Chronic Hepatitis C Virus-GT4) in Rat Plasma and Its Application to Pharmacokinetic Study. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4377-4385. [PMID: 33116422 PMCID: PMC7585829 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s237949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Ravidasvir (RAV) has been regarded as a potent new NS5A inhibitor with a magnificent safety and tolerability in the management of genotype 4 hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. Suitable analytical techniques are needed for the measurement of RAV in different biological matrices. Methods We have developed a fast, sensitive and economical 96-microwell-based spectrofluorimetric technique combined with one-step protein precipitation extraction strategy for the measurement of RAV in rat plasma. Results Under the optimum conditions, the direct relationship in rat plasma was accomplished between the RAV concentrations and the fluorescence (FL) intensity in a scope of 2.5–200 ng/mL with 0.9998 and 0.9999 for the quantification and correlation coefficients, respectively. The lower limit of detection (LLOD) was 0.840 ng/mL and this demonstrates the high sensitivity of the proposed assay. The accuracy (RE%) ranged from 95.34% to 102.29%, and the precision (RSD%) was less than 3.59%. The recovery was ranged from 93.12% to 96.26%. The stability of RAV in rat plasma was carried out and established its good stability in the range of room conventional temperature and at long-term stability (−80°C, 30 days). The developed technique was validated as stated by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) guidelines for bioanalytical technique verification. Conclusion The approved technique was effectively applied for a pharmacokinetic (PK) study after single oral gavage administration of RAV at a dose of 35 mg/kg and it could be presumed that the proposed assay can be applied to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hefnawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mona Al-Shehri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif Hammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt.,Basic and Applied Sciences Institute, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal El-Gendy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Chen D, Liu JR, Cheng Y, Cheng H, He P, Sun Y. Metabolism of Rhaponticin and Activities of its Metabolite, Rhapontigenin: A Review. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3168-3186. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190121143252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rhaponticin is a stilbenoid glucoside compound, found in medicinal plant of rhubarb
rhizomes. Rhapontigenin (RHAG), the stilbene aglycone metabolite of rhaponticin, has
shown various biological activities including anticancer activities to act a potential human cytochrome
P450 inhibitor, antihyperlipidemic effect, anti-allergic action, antioxidant and antibacterial
activities. Moreover, it was reported to scavenge intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species
(ROS), the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylliydrazyl (DPPH) radical, and Hydrogen Peroxide
(H2O2). Meanwhile, RHAG exhibited the inhibitory activity for the synthesis of DNA, RNA
and protein, and also presented the capacity of inducing morphological changes and apoptosis
of C. albicans. Here, the structure, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological effects as well as underlying
mechanisms of rhaponticin and its metabolite, RHAG, have been extensively reviewed.
This review will provide a certain reference value for developing the therapeutic drug
of rhaponticin or RHAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, China
| | - Jing-Ru Liu
- School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yanjin Cheng
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, China
| | - Hua Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, China
| | - Ping He
- School of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, China
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