1
|
Altern SH, Kocot AJ, LeBarre JP, Boi C, Phillips MW, Roush DJ, Menegatti S, Cramer SM. Mechanistic model-based characterization of size-exclusion-mixed-mode resins for removal of monoclonal antibody fragments. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1718:464717. [PMID: 38354506 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Although antibody fragments are a critical impurity to remove from process streams, few platformable purification techniques have been developed to this end. In this work, a novel size-exclusion-mixed-mode (SEMM) resin was characterized with respect to its efficacy in mAb fragment removal. Inverse size-exclusion chromatography showed that the silica-based resin had a narrow pore size distribution and a median pore radius of roughly 6.2 nm. Model-based characterization was carried out with Chromatography Analysis and Design Toolkit (CADET), using the general rate model and the multicomponent Langmuir isotherm. Model parameters were obtained from fitting breakthrough curves, performed at multiple residence times, for a mixture of mAb, aggregates, and an array of fragments (varying in size). Accurate fits were obtained to the frontal chromatographic data across a range of residence times. Model validation was then performed with a scaled-up column, altering residence time and feed composition from the calibration run. Accurate predictions were obtained, thereby illustrating the model's interpolative and extrapolative capabilities. Additionally, the SEMM resin achieved 90% mAb yield, 37% aggregate removal, 29% [Formula: see text] removal, 54% Fab/Fc removal, 100% Fc fragments removal, and a productivity of 72.3 g mAbL×h. Model predictions for these statistics were all within 5%. Simulated batch uptake experiments showed that resin penetration depth was directly related to protein size, with the exception of the aggregate species, and that separation was governed by differential pore diffusion rates. Additional simulations were performed to characterize the dependence of fragment removal on column dimension, load density, and feed composition. Fragment removal was found to be highly dependent on column load density, where optimal purification was achieved below 100 mg protein/mL column. Furthermore, fragment removal was dependent on column volume (constant load mass), but agnostic to whether column length or diameter was changed. Lastly, the dependence on feed composition was shown to be complex. While fragment removal was inversely related to fragment mass fraction in the feed, the extent depended on fragment size. Overall, the results from this study illustrated the efficacy of the SEMM resin in fragment and aggregate removal and elucidated relationships with key operational parameters through model-based characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott H Altern
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Andrew J Kocot
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Jacob P LeBarre
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Cristiana Boi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michael W Phillips
- Downstream Research and Development, EMD Millipore Corporation, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - David J Roush
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; North Carolina Viral Vector Initiative in Research and Learning (NC-VVIRAL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Steven M Cramer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang F, Xu XW, Chen FQ, Weng HF, Chen J, Ru Y, Xiao Q, Xiao AF. Extraction, Modification and Biomedical Application of Agarose Hydrogels: A Review. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050299. [PMID: 37233493 DOI: 10.3390/md21050299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous compounds present in the ocean are contributing to the development of the biomedical field. Agarose, a polysaccharide derived from marine red algae, plays a vital role in biomedical applications because of its reversible temperature-sensitive gelling behavior, excellent mechanical properties, and high biological activity. Natural agarose hydrogel has a single structural composition that prevents it from adapting to complex biological environments. Therefore, agarose can be developed into different forms through physical, biological, and chemical modifications, enabling it to perform optimally in different environments. Agarose biomaterials are being increasingly used for isolation, purification, drug delivery, and tissue engineering, but most are still far from clinical approval. This review classifies and discusses the preparation, modification, and biomedical applications of agarose, focusing on its applications in isolation and purification, wound dressings, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and 3D printing. In addition, it attempts to address the opportunities and challenges associated with the future development of agarose-based biomaterials in the biomedical field. It should help to rationalize the selection of the most suitable functionalized agarose hydrogels for specific applications in the biomedical industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- National R&D Center for Red Alga Processing Technology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xin-Wei Xu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Fu-Quan Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- National R&D Center for Red Alga Processing Technology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hui-Fen Weng
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- National R&D Center for Red Alga Processing Technology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yi Ru
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qiong Xiao
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- National R&D Center for Red Alga Processing Technology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - An-Feng Xiao
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- National R&D Center for Red Alga Processing Technology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Calcium-dependent affinity ligands for the purification of antibody fragments at neutral pH. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1694:463902. [PMID: 36871527 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The emerging formats of antibody fragments for biotherapeutics suffer from inadequate purification methods, delaying the advances of innovative therapies. One of the top therapeutic candidates, the single-chain variable fragment (scFv), requires the development of individual purification protocols dependent on the type of scFv. The available approaches that are based on selective affinity chromatography but do not involve the use of a purification tag, such as Protein L and Protein A chromatography, require acidic elution buffers. These elution conditions can cause the formation of aggregates and thereby greatly compromise the yield, which can be a major problem for scFvs that are generally unstable molecules. Due to the costly and time-consuming production of biological drugs, like antibody fragments, we have engineered novel purification ligands that elute the scFvs in a calcium-dependent manner. The developed ligands are equipped with new, selective binding surfaces and were shown to efficiently elute all captured scFv at neutral pH with the use of a calcium chelator. Further, two of three ligands were proven not to bind to the CDRs of the scFv, indicating potential for use as generic affinity ligands to a range of different scFvs. Multimerization and optimization of the most promising ligand led to a 3-fold increase in binding capacity for the hexamer compared to the monomer, in addition to highly selective and efficient purification of a scFv with >95% purity in a single purification step. This calcium-dependent ligand could revolutionize the scFv industry, greatly facilitating the purification procedure and improving the quality of the final product.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mehta D, Chirmade T, Tungekar AA, Gani K, Bhambure R. Cloning and expression of antibody fragment (Fab) I: Effect of expression construct and induction strategies on light and heavy chain gene expression. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
5
|
Rahmati S, Torkashvand F, Amanlou M, Bagherzadeh K, Fard Esfahani P, Aghamirza Moghim Aliabadi H, Vaziri B. Computational Engineering of Protein L to Achieve an Optimal Affinity Chromatography Resin for Purification of Antibody Fragments. Anal Chem 2021; 93:15253-15261. [PMID: 34747593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Protein L affinity chromatography is a useful method for the purification of antibody fragments containing kappa light chains. In affinity chromatography, increasing the binding affinity leads to increased product purity, recovery, and dynamic binding capacity (DBC). In this study, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation techniques were used to design the engineered Protein L with higher affinity to the kappa light chain. Each engineered ligand was produced as a recombinant protein and coupled to a solid matrix. The purity, recovery, and DBC of the engineered resins were evaluated and then compared to those of a commercially available resin. The results showed important parameters for engineering more efficient Protein L ligands for affinity chromatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Rahmati
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Torkashvand
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Massoud Amanlou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Kowsar Bagherzadeh
- Eye Research Center, The Five Senses Institute Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1445613131, Iran.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | | | | | - Behrouz Vaziri
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Echave J, Fraga-Corral M, Garcia-Perez P, Popović-Djordjević J, H. Avdović E, Radulović M, Xiao J, A. Prieto M, Simal-Gandara J. Seaweed Protein Hydrolysates and Bioactive Peptides: Extraction, Purification, and Applications. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19090500. [PMID: 34564162 PMCID: PMC8471739 DOI: 10.3390/md19090500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are industrially exploited for obtaining pigments, polysaccharides, or phenolic compounds with application in diverse fields. Nevertheless, their rich composition in fiber, minerals, and proteins, has pointed them as a useful source of these components. Seaweed proteins are nutritionally valuable and include several specific enzymes, glycoproteins, cell wall-attached proteins, phycobiliproteins, lectins, or peptides. Extraction of seaweed proteins requires the application of disruptive methods due to the heterogeneous cell wall composition of each macroalgae group. Hence, non-protein molecules like phenolics or polysaccharides may also be co-extracted, affecting the extraction yield. Therefore, depending on the macroalgae and target protein characteristics, the sample pretreatment, extraction and purification techniques must be carefully chosen. Traditional methods like solid-liquid or enzyme-assisted extraction (SLE or EAE) have proven successful. However, alternative techniques as ultrasound- or microwave-assisted extraction (UAE or MAE) can be more efficient. To obtain protein hydrolysates, these proteins are subjected to hydrolyzation reactions, whether with proteases or physical or chemical treatments that disrupt the proteins native folding. These hydrolysates and derived peptides are accounted for bioactive properties, like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, or antihypertensive activities, which can be applied to different sectors. In this work, current methods and challenges for protein extraction and purification from seaweeds are addressed, focusing on their potential industrial applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Echave
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
| | - Maria Fraga-Corral
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Pascual Garcia-Perez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
| | - Jelena Popović-Djordjević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Edina H. Avdović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Milanka Radulović
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia;
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Miguel A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.A.P.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.P.); (J.S.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kimerer LK, Niu B, Pabst TM, Zhai W, Hunter AK, Carta G. Chromatographic and adsorptive behavior of a bivalent bispecific antibody and associated fragments. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1648:462181. [PMID: 33989897 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/01/2022]
Abstract
The elution and adsorptive behavior of a bivalent bispecific antibody (BiSAb), comprising an IgG1 framework with a scFv domain genetically fused to each heavy chain C-terminus via flexible linkers, and of two associated fragments were studied on two cation exchange chromatography media - ProPac WCX-10, which is pellicular and suitable for analytical use, and Nuvia HR-S, which is macroporous and suitable for preparative and process scale uses. Both fragments were identified by MS as missing one of the two scFv domains and its flexible linker, but one of them also contains an additional C-terminal lysine. The separation of these fragments on both resins occurs as a result of differences in non-specific ligand-protein interactions that are modulated by the salt concentration. For the ProPac WCX-10 column, complex, multipeak elution behaviors are observed, since, as a result of the linker flexibility, both the intact molecule and the fragments appear to exist in multiple binding configurations with each scFv domains either collapsed onto the IgG framework or extended away from it. With a residence time of 2.5 min and at 21 °C, two peak elution is observed for the fragments which contain a single linked scFv and three peak elution for the intact molecule which contains two linked scFvs. This behavior is affected by residence time, temperature, and hold time. Increasing the residence time to 25 min or increasing temperature to 40°C results in elution of a single, merged peak for each of the protein species. For Nuvia HR-S, the broader peaks, obtained as a result of mass transfer limitations, tend to obscure the multipeak elution behavior. Nevertheless, even for this resin, the effects of configurational flexibility are still manifested at the single-particle scale and affect the evolution of the patterns of protein binding within individual resin particles as evident from confocal microscopy observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas K Kimerer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ben Niu
- Analytical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Timothy M Pabst
- Purification Process Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Weiguo Zhai
- Analytical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Alan K Hunter
- Purification Process Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Giorgio Carta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen C, Zhao D, Su Z, Luo J, Ma G, Zhang S, Li X. Effect of pore structure on protein adsorption mechanism on ion exchange media: A preliminary study using low field nuclear magnetic resonance. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1639:461904. [PMID: 33486445 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption process of bovine serum albumin (BSA), ovalbumin (OVA) and human immunoglobulin G (IgG) on agarose ion-exchange media Q Sepharose FF and two dextran-grafted agarose media including Q Sepharose XL and Capto Q were studied using low field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The T2 relaxation time was found directly proportional to the pore size and diminished after protein adsorbed, therefore, a theoretical model describing the relationship between protein binding amount and T2 relaxation signals was established. The model parameters, a, which reflects the contact area between the adsorbed protein and media surface, and the δ, which defined as the ratio of the protein volume to the pore volume after adsorption, were found to describe the pore occupation states of proteins in media with different pore structures very well. For small proteins, such as BSA and OVA, monolayer adsorption occurred on Q Sepharose FF, which has no dextran chains. Therefore, the adsorbed protein only occupied 49.05% of the pore volume for BSA and 25.51% for OVA, and contact area of each protein on the media were also low, suggesting mostly monolayer adsorption occurred. In the contrast, their adsorption to Q Sepharose XL and Capto Q with dextran chains tended to form multilayer adsorption, thus higher contact area was obtained and the pore volumes were almost 100% occupied. For large protein, such as IgG, the adsorption to all these three media was similar and about 30% of the pore volume were occupied, probably due to the similar restriction for IgG to entering the media pore. Results of this study will help to elucidate the relationship between protein adsorption and pore size variation, which present the significance of low field NMR in understanding protein adsorption mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Dawei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Zhiguo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Songping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Xiunan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Show PL, Ooi CW, Song CP, Chai WS, Lin GT, Liu BL, Chang YK. Purification of lysozyme from chicken egg white by high-density cation exchange adsorbents in stirred fluidized bed adsorption system. Food Chem 2020; 343:128543. [PMID: 33187742 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Lysozyme from crude chicken egg white (CEW) feedstock was successfully purified using a stirred fluidized bed adsorption system ion exchange chromatography where STREAMLINE SP and SP-XL high density adsorbents were selected as the adsorption carrier. The thermodynamic and kinetic studies were carried out to understand the characteristics of lysozyme adsorption by adsorbents under various conditions, including adsorption pH, temperature, lysozyme concentration and salt concentrations. Results showed that SP and SP-XL adsorbents achieved optimum lysozyme adsorption at pH 9 with capacity of ~139.77 and ~251.26 mg/mL, respectively. The optimal conditions obtained from batch studies were directly employed to operate in SFBA process. For SP-XL adsorbent, the recovery yield and purification factor of lysozyme were 93.78% and ~40 folds, respectively. For SP adsorbent, lysozyme can be eluted ~100% with purification factor of ~26 folds. These two adsorbents are highly suitable for use in direct recovery of lysozyme from crude CEW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chien Wei Ooi
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; Advanced Engineering Platform, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Cher Pin Song
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wai Siong Chai
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Guan-Ting Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering/ Graduate School of Biochemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Lan Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413310, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Kaung Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering/ Graduate School of Biochemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khanal O, Kumar V, Schlegel F, Lenhoff AM. Estimating and leveraging protein diffusion on ion-exchange resin surfaces. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:7004-7010. [PMID: 32179691 PMCID: PMC7132105 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1921499117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein mobility at solid-liquid interfaces can affect the performance of applications such as bioseparations and biosensors by facilitating reorganization of adsorbed protein, accelerating molecular recognition, and informing the fundamentals of adsorption. In the case of ion-exchange chromatographic beads with small, tortuous pores, where the existence of surface diffusion is often not recognized, slow mass transfer can result in lower resin capacity utilization. We demonstrate that accounting for and exploiting protein surface diffusion can alleviate the mass-transfer limitations on multiple significant length scales. Although the surface diffusivity has previously been shown to correlate with ionic strength (IS) and binding affinity, we show that the dependence is solely on the binding affinity, irrespective of pH, IS, and resin ligand density. Different surface diffusivities give rise to different protein distributions within the resin, as characterized using confocal microscopy and small-angle neutron scattering (length scales of micrometer and nanometer, respectively). The binding dependence of surface diffusion inspired a protein-loading approach in which the binding affinity, and hence the surface diffusivity, is modulated by varying IS. Such gradient loading increased the protein uptake efficiency by up to 43%, corroborating the importance of protein surface diffusion in protein transport in ion-exchange chromatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ohnmar Khanal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
| | - Vijesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
| | | | - Abraham M Lenhoff
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Anees P, Gauthier MA. Homogenous Scavenging Resolves Low-Purification Yield/Selectivity Caused by Secondary Binding of Protein-A to Antigen-Binding Antibody Fragments. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:825-829. [PMID: 31841628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antigen-binding fragments of antibodies are biotechnologically useful agents for decorating drug delivery systems, for blocking cell-surface receptors in cell culture, for recognizing analytes in biosensors, and potentially as therapeutics. They are typically produced by enzymatic digestion of full antibodies and isolated from the undesirable fragment crystallizable (Fc) by affinity chromatography using Protein-A columns. However, while Protein-A has a strong "classical" interaction with Fc fragments, it can also more weakly bind to an "alternative" site on the heavy chain variable region of antigen-binding fragments. As such, purifying small amounts of antibody fragments by Protein-A chromatography can result in low yield. Moreover, loading larger amounts of antibody fragments onto a Protein-A column can result in poor separation, because of competition of Fc and antigen-binding fragments for immobilized Protein-A. This study demonstrates that Protein-A-based homogeneous scavenging resolves this issue by precisely controlling the stoichiometry of Protein-A to Fc fragments, something that is not possible for conventional flow-type systems, such as affinity chromatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palapuravan Anees
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet , Varennes , J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet , Varennes , J3X 1S2 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
pH conditioning is a crucial step in primary recovery - A case study for a recombinant Fab from E. coli. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 165:105504. [PMID: 31560987 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Primary recovery of recombinant proteins from E. coli often describes a major challenge in downstream processing. After product release, the target protein usually accounts for only a small amount of total protein and has to be separated from a complex mixture of host cell proteins (HCPs) and non-proteinogenic impurities, such as DNA and lipids. Non-optimized procedures as well as unfavorable conditions at the extraction step and conditioning cause significant product loss already prior capture. In this study, we investigated pH conditioning during primary recovery for a subsequent cation exchange chromatography (CEX)-based capture of a recombinant Fab produced in E. coli. We showed that pH ≤ 5.0, which is necessary for CEX, led to high product loss due to protein precipitation during cell disruption and pH conditioning. Thus, we developed a procedure that resulted in a 25% increased Fab recovery prior capture based on simple re-arrangement of process steps and the use of a low-cost stabilizing agent. Summarizing, we show the huge potential for simple and cheap improvement of overall downstream process recovery by optimization of pH conditioning during primary product recovery.
Collapse
|
13
|
Pinto IF, Soares RRG, Aires‐Barros MR, Chu V, Conde JP, Azevedo AM. Optimizing the Performance of Chromatographic Separations Using Microfluidics: Multiplexed and Quantitative Screening of Ligands and Target Molecules. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800593. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Inês F. Pinto
- INESC Microsistemas e NanotecnologiasIN ‐ Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Rua Alves Redol 9 1000‐029 Lisbon Portugal
- IBB ‐ Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Ruben R. G. Soares
- INESC Microsistemas e NanotecnologiasIN ‐ Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Rua Alves Redol 9 1000‐029 Lisbon Portugal
- IBB ‐ Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Maria R. Aires‐Barros
- IBB ‐ Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Virginia Chu
- INESC Microsistemas e NanotecnologiasIN ‐ Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Rua Alves Redol 9 1000‐029 Lisbon Portugal
| | - João P. Conde
- INESC Microsistemas e NanotecnologiasIN ‐ Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Rua Alves Redol 9 1000‐029 Lisbon Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Ana M. Azevedo
- IBB ‐ Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bates A, Power CA. David vs. Goliath: The Structure, Function, and Clinical Prospects of Antibody Fragments. Antibodies (Basel) 2019; 8:E28. [PMID: 31544834 PMCID: PMC6640713 DOI: 10.3390/antib8020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the licensing of the first monoclonal antibody therapy in 1986, monoclonal antibodies have become the largest class of biopharmaceuticals with over 80 antibodies currently approved for a variety of disease indications. The development of smaller, antigen binding antibody fragments, derived from conventional antibodies or produced recombinantly, has been growing at a fast pace. Antibody fragments can be used on their own or linked to other molecules to generate numerous possibilities for bispecific, multi-specific, multimeric, or multifunctional molecules, and to achieve a variety of biological effects. They offer several advantages over full-length monoclonal antibodies, particularly a lower cost of goods, and because of their small size they can penetrate tissues, access challenging epitopes, and have potentially reduced immunogenicity. In this review, we will discuss the structure, production, and mechanism of action of EMA/FDA-approved fragments and of those in clinical and pre-clinical development. We will also discuss current topics of interest surrounding the potential use of antibody fragments for intracellular targeting and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Bates
- Biopharm Molecular Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Christine A Power
- Biopharm Molecular Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li M, Wu Y, Liu Y, Sun Y. Protein adsorption to poly(allylamine)-modified Sepharose FF: Influences of polymer size and partial charge neutralization. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
16
|
Characterization of new polymer-grafted protein cation exchangers developed by partial neutralization of carboxyl groups derivatized by modification of poly(ethylenimine)-Sepharose with succinic anhydride. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1550:28-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
17
|
Zhao Y, Dong X, Yu L, Liu Y, Sun Y. Implications from protein adsorption onto anion- and cation-exchangers derivatized by modification of poly(ethylenimine)-Sepharose FF with succinic anhydride. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
18
|
Nascimento A, Pinto IF, Chu V, Aires-Barros MR, Conde JP, Azevedo AM. Studies on the purification of antibody fragments. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
19
|
Zhang SL, Zhao M, Yang W, Luo J, Sun Y, Shi QH. A novel polymer-grafted cation exchanger for high-capacity protein chromatography: The role of polymer architecture. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
20
|
Kittelmann J, Lang KM, Ottens M, Hubbuch J. Orientation of monoclonal antibodies in ion-exchange chromatography: A predictive quantitative structure–activity relationship modeling approach. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1510:33-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
21
|
Xue A, Yu L, Sun Y. Implications from protein uptake kinetics onto dextran-grafted Sepharose FF coupled with ion exchange and affinity ligands. Chin J Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
22
|
Baek Y, Singh N, Arunkumar A, Borys M, Li ZJ, Zydney AL. Ultrafiltration behavior of monoclonal antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins: Effects of physical properties. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:2057-2065. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngbin Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Nripen Singh
- Bristol-Myers Squibb; Global Manufacturing and Supply; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Abhiram Arunkumar
- Bristol-Myers Squibb; Global Manufacturing and Supply; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Michael Borys
- Bristol-Myers Squibb; Global Manufacturing and Supply; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Zheng J. Li
- Bristol-Myers Squibb; Global Manufacturing and Supply; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Andrew L. Zydney
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania 16802
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
O’Connor E, Aspelund M, Bartnik F, Berge M, Coughlin K, Kambarami M, Spencer D, Yan H, Wang W. Monoclonal antibody fragment removal mediated by mixed mode resins. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1499:65-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
24
|
Wang HY, Sun Y, Zhang SL, Luo J, Shi QH. Fabrication of high-capacity cation-exchangers for protein chromatography by atom transfer radical polymerization. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
25
|
Preparation and characterization of high capacity, strong cation-exchange fiber based adsorbents. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1447:92-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
26
|
Wang Q, Yu L, Sun Y. Grafting glycidyl methacrylate to Sepharose gel for fabricating high-capacity protein anion exchangers. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1443:118-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
27
|
Protein adsorption to poly(ethylenimine)-modified Sepharose FF: VI. Partial charge neutralization drastically increases uptake rate. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1427:102-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
28
|
Dynamic binary protein adsorption in ion-exchange media depicted with a parallel diffusion model derived from Maxwell–Stefan theory. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
29
|
Wang JC, Bruttini R, Liapis AI. Dehydration and Rehydration of Polymeric Porous Media Studied by Molecular Dynamics Modeling and Simulations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b03150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Ching Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 100 Bertelsmeyer Hall, 1101 North State Street, Rolla, Missouri 65409-1230, United States
| | - Roberto Bruttini
- Criofarma-Freeze-Drying Equipment, Strada del
Francese 97/2L, 10156 Turin, Italy
| | - Athanasios I. Liapis
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 100 Bertelsmeyer Hall, 1101 North State Street, Rolla, Missouri 65409-1230, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Antibody Fragments and Their Purification by Protein L Affinity Chromatography. Antibodies (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/antib4030259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
31
|
Salvalaglio M, Paloni M, Guelat B, Morbidelli M, Cavallotti C. A two level hierarchical model of protein retention in ion exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1411:50-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
32
|
Liu T, Lin DQ, Zhang QL, Yao SJ. Characterization of immunoglobulin adsorption on dextran-grafted hydrophobic charge-induction resins: Cross-effects of ligand density and pH/salt concentration. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1396:45-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
33
|
Spooner J, Keen J, Nayyar K, Birkett N, Bond N, Bannister D, Tigue N, Higazi D, Kemp B, Vaughan T, Kippen A, Buchanan A. Evaluation of strategies to control Fab light chain dimer during mammalian expression and purification: A universal one-step process for purification of correctly assembled Fab. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1472-7. [PMID: 25619171 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Fabs are an important class of antibody fragment as both research reagents and therapeutic agents. There are a plethora of methods described for their recombinant expression and purification. However, these do not address the issue of excessive light chain production that forms light chain dimers nor do they describe a universal purification strategy. Light chain dimer impurities and the absence of a universal Fab purification strategy present persistent challenges for biotechnology applications using Fabs, particularly around the need for bespoke purification strategies. This study describes methods to address light chain dimer formation during Fab expression and identifies a novel CH 1 affinity resin as a simple and efficient one-step purification for correctly assembled Fab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Keen
- MedImmune, Granta Park, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Neil Birkett
- MedImmune, Granta Park, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kaleas KA, Tripodi M, Revelli S, Sharma V, Pizarro SA. Evaluation of a multimodal resin for selective capture of CHO-derived monoclonal antibodies directly from harvested cell culture fluid. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 969:256-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
35
|
Protein adsorption to poly(ethylenimine)-modified Sepharose FF. IV. Dynamic adsorption and elution behaviors. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1362:218-24. [PMID: 25179288 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have previously investigated bovine serum albumin (BSA) uptake to poly(ethylenimine) (PEI)-grafted Sepharose FF. It was found that there was a critical ionic capacity (cIC; 600mmol/L) for BSA, above which the protein adsorption capacity and uptake kinetics increased drastically. In this work, two poly(ethylenimine) (PEI)-grafted resins with IC values of 271mmol/L (FF-PEI-L270) and 683mmol/L (FF-PEI-L680), which were below and above the cIC, respectively, were chosen to investigate the breakthrough and linear gradient elution (LGE) behaviors of BSA. Commercially available anion exchanger, Q Sepharose FF, was used for comparison. The DBC values of FF-PEI-L680 were much higher in the entire residence time range (2-10min) than the other two resins due to its high static adsorption capacity and uptake kinetics. At a residence time of 5.0min, the DBC of FF-PEI-L680 (104mg/mL) was about seven times that of FF-PEI-L270 and three times that of Q Sepharose FF. A rise-fall trend of the DBCs with increasing ionic strength (IS) was found for all the three resins studied, indicating the presence of electrostatic exclusion for protein uptake at low IS. With increasing NaCl concentration from 20 to 200mmol/L, FF-PEI-L680 kept very high DBC values (64-114mg/mL). In addition, FF-PEI-L270 showed more favorable adsorption properties than Q Sepharose FF at 100-300mmol/L NaCl. These results proved that the three-dimensional grafting ion exchange layer on the PEI resins enhanced their tolerance to IS. In the study of LGE, the three resins showed similar elution behaviors and no distinct peak tailings were observed. The salt concentrations at the elution peaks (IR) were in the order of FF-PEI-L680>FF-PEI-L270>Q Sepharose FF, indicating that the elution for the PEI resins needed higher salt concentrations, which was also an appearance of the salt-tolerant feature of the PEI resins. When protein loading amount was increased to the value equivalent to the DBC at 10% breakthrough, the adsorbed BSA could be eluted at lower salt concentrations. The chromatographic study has provided new insights into the practical application of the PEI-based anion exchangers.
Collapse
|
36
|
Optimization of Dynamic Binding Capacity of Anion Exchange Chromatography Media for Recombinant Erythropoietin Purification. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.5812/ijb.17352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
37
|
Yu LL, Sun Y. Protein adsorption to poly(ethylenimine)-modified Sepharose FF: II. Effect of ionic strength. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1305:85-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
38
|
Jalalirad R. Selective and efficient extraction of recombinant proteins from the periplasm of Escherichia coli using low concentrations of chemicals. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 40:1117-29. [PMID: 23864192 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to determine chemicals at low concentrations, which can be utilized for selective release of periplasmic proteins. It was revealed that 80-100 % of the activity of alpha-amylase, beta-lactamase, and Fab D1.3 was retained in the presence of 0.05 and 0.1 % Triton X-100, 0.1 % Tween 20, 0.1 % DOC, 0.01 % BAC, 0.01 % CTAB, 10 mM EDTA, 1 mM and 10 mM DEA, 10 mM NTA, 0.1 and 1 % SHMP, 200 mM urea, 100-500 mM GndCl, and 1 % solvents (hexane, xylene, toluene, benzene, pyridine and isoamyl alcohol). Performance of these chemicals, recognized as generally safe, for selective release of proteins from the periplasm of Escherichia coli was investigated. DOC was a general and very efficient agent, and at concentrations as low as 0.05, 0.1, and 0.025 %, released beta-lactamase, alpha-amylase, and Fab D1.3 selectively with yield factors of 2.7, 2.3, and 3.6 times greater than osmotic shock procedure, respectively. EDTA (1 and 10 mM) discharged Fab D1.3 with efficiency more than osmotic shock (target protein yield of 110 and 138 %, correspondingly). Isoamyl alcohol (10 % v/v) was effective for periplasmic release of alpha-amylase and particularly Fab D1.3, with target protein yields of 75 and 168 %, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Jalalirad
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK,
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Srour M, Kassab I, Matta H, Elkak A. Histidine based adsorbents for selective removal of monoclonal immunoglobulin IgM antibodies from Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia patient sera: a preliminary study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 932:1-5. [PMID: 23811496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) is considered by the Revised European American Lymphoma (REAL) and World Health Organization (WHO) as a clinical lympho plasmacytic syndrome associated with high monoclonal (IgM) secretion. The hyper viscosity syndrome is associated with several clinical disorders of monoclonal IgM. Patients with clinical symptoms of hyper viscosity should be treated with plasma pheresis, which is limited by its non-selective removal of all plasma components. These limitations have steered efforts to find a more specific removal according to clinical needs and avoiding plasma components replacement. Removal by specific adsorption is the most powerful selective apheresis technique. The active adsorbed ligand is covalently bound to an insoluble matrix through which plasma is passed. Amino acids have been introduced as ligands in clinical apheresis for the removal of auto antibodies associated with autoimmune diseases. The present preliminary study describes the binding of monoclonal IgM antibodies from sera of patients with WM, on histidine immobilized to activated sepharose. The advantages of efficient binding and elution, suggest histidine adsorbents as prospective clinical means suitable for the removal of monoclonal IgM from sera of patients diagnosed with WM. The advantages of efficient adsorption and elution, non toxicity of histidine, good selectivity, good stability, as well as their low cost strongly suggest histidine adsorbents as prospective clinical means suitable for the removal of monoclonal IgM from sera of patients diagnosed with WM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Srour
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Rafic Hariri University Campus, P.O. BOX 14/6573, Hadath, Lebanon
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Godawat R, Brower K, Jain S, Konstantinov K, Riske F, Warikoo V. Periodic counter-current chromatography - design and operational considerations for integrated and continuous purification of proteins. Biotechnol J 2012; 7:1496-508. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
41
|
Xiao Y, Stone T, Bell D, Gillespie C, Portoles M. Confocal Raman microscopy of protein adsorbed in chromatographic particles. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7367-73. [PMID: 22803776 DOI: 10.1021/ac300994d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Confocal Raman microscopy is a nondestructive analytical technique that combines the chemical information from vibrational spectroscopy with the spatial resolution of confocal microscopy. It was applied, for the first time, to measure conformation and distribution of protein adsorbed in wetted chromatographic particles. Monoclonal antibody was loaded into the Fractogel EMD SO(3) (M) cation exchanger at 2 mS/cm or 10 mS/cm. Amide I and III frequencies in the Raman spectrum of the adsorbed protein suggest that there are no detectable changes of the original β-sheet conformation in the chromatographic particles. Protein depth profile measurements indicate that, when the conductivity is increased from 2 mS/cm to 10 mS/cm, there is a change in mass transport mechanism for protein adsorption, from the shrinking-core model to the homogeneous-diffusion model. In this study, the use of confocal Raman microscopy to measure protein distribution in chromatographic particles fundamentally agrees with previous confocal laser scanning microscopic investigations, but confocal Raman spectroscopy enjoys additional advantages: use of unlabeled protein to eliminate fluorescent labeling, ability for characterization of protein secondary structure, and ability for spectral normalization to provide a nondestructive experimental approach to correct light attenuation effects caused by refractive index (RI) mismatching in semiopaque chromatographic particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuewu Xiao
- EMD Millipore Corporation, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730, United States.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Single and binary adsorption of proteins on ion-exchange adsorbent: The effectiveness of isothermal models. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2162-73. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
43
|
Huang B, Liu FF, Dong XY, Sun Y. Molecular mechanism of the effects of salt and pH on the affinity between protein A and human immunoglobulin G1 revealed by molecular simulations. J Phys Chem B 2011; 116:424-33. [PMID: 22136061 DOI: 10.1021/jp205770p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein A from the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (SpA) has been widely used as an affinity ligand for purification of immunoglobulin G (IgG). The affinity between SpA and IgG is affected differently by salt and pH, but their molecular mechanisms still remain unclear. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations and molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area analysis were performed to investigate the salt (NaCl) and pH effects on the affinity between SpA and human IgG1 (hIgG1). It is found that salt and pH affect the interactions of the hot spots of SpA by different mechanisms. In the salt solution, the compensations between helices I and II of SpA as well as between the nonpolar and electrostatic energies make the binding free energy independent of salt concentration. At pH 3.0, the unfavorable electrostatic interactions increase greatly and become the driving force for dissociation of the SpA-hIgG1 complex. They mainly come from the strong electrostatic repulsions between positively charged residues (H137, R146, and K154) of SpA and the positively charged residues of hIgG1. It is considered to be the molecular basis for hIgG1 elution from SpA-based affinity adsorbents at pH 3.0. The dissociation mechanism is then used to refine the binding model of SpA to hIgG1. The model is expected to help design high-affinity peptide ligands of IgG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of Biological Engineering and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lenhoff AM. Protein adsorption and transport in polymer-functionalized ion-exchangers. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8748-59. [PMID: 21752388 PMCID: PMC3326415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of stationary phases is available for use in preparative chromatography of proteins, covering different base matrices, pore structures and modes of chromatography. There has recently been significant growth in the number of such materials in which the base matrix is derivatized to add a covalently attached or grafted polymer layer or, in some cases, a hydrogel that fills the pore space. This review summarizes the main structural and functional features of ion exchangers of this kind, which represent the largest class of such materials. Although the adsorption and transport properties may generally be used operationally and modeled phenomenologically using the same methods as are used for proteins in conventional media, there are noteworthy mechanistic differences in protein behavior in these adsorbents. A fundamental difference in protein retention is that it may be portrayed as partitioning into a three-dimensional polymer phase rather than adsorption at an extended two-dimensional surface, as applies in more conventional media. Beyond this partitioning behavior, however, the polymer-functionalized media often display rapid intraparticle transport that, while qualitatively comparable to that in conventional media, is sufficiently rapid quantitatively under certain conditions that it can lead to clear benefits in key measures of performance such as the dynamic binding capacity. Although possible mechanistic bases for the retention and transport properties are discussed, appreciable areas of uncertainty make detailed mechanistic modeling very challenging, and more detailed experimental characterization is likely to be more productive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham M Lenhoff
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Static and dynamic binding capacities of human immunoglobulin G on polymethacrylate based mixed-modal, thiophilic and hydrophobic cation exchangers. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8925-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 04/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
46
|
Bowes BD, Traylor SJ, Timmick SM, Czymmek KJ, Lenhoff AM. Insights into Protein Sorption and Desorption on Dextran-Modified Ion-Exchange Media. Chem Eng Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
47
|
Tao Y, Almodovar EXP, Carta G, Ferreira G, Robbins D. Adsorption kinetics of deamidated antibody variants on macroporous and dextran-grafted cation exchangers. III. Microscopic studies. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8027-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
48
|
Yu LL, Shi QH, Sun Y. Effect of dextran layer on protein uptake to dextran-grafted adsorbents for ion-exchange and mixed-mode chromatography. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:2950-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
49
|
Effect of pH on protein adsorption capacity of strong cation exchangers with grafted layer. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:6987-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
50
|
Bowes BD, Lenhoff AM. Protein adsorption and transport in dextran-modified ion-exchange media. III. Effects of resin charge density and dextran content on adsorption and intraparticle uptake. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:7180-8. [PMID: 21890143 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Custom-synthesized variants of the commercial Capto S resin were used to examine the effects of resin charge density and dextran content on protein adsorption and intraparticle uptake. For the small protein lysozyme, resin charge density had the greatest effect on equilibrium capacity, consistent with calculations suggesting that lysozyme capacity should be limited by the available charge on the resin. Isocratic retention data and confocal microscopy imaging for this protein revealed a consistent ordering of the resins linking stronger protein-resin interactions with higher static capacities but slower intraparticle uptake rates over the range of properties studied. For the larger protein lactoferrin, it was found that increasing dextran content led to increased protein exclusion from the dextran layer, but that increasing resin charge density helped overcome the exclusion, presumably due to the increased electrostatic attraction between the resin and protein. Collectively examining the lysozyme and lactoferrin data along with information from previous studies suggests that a trade-off in maximizing dynamic capacities should exist between static capacities that increase to a finite extent with increased resin charge density and uptake rates that decrease with increased charge density. Column breakthrough data for lysozyme and lactoferrin appear to support the hypothesis, though it appears that whether a resin charge density is low or high must be considered in relation to the protein charge density. Using these trends, this work could be useful in guiding resin selection or design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Bowes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|