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Zhang Y, Hu J, Liu X, Jiang C, Sun J, Song X, Wu Y. Isolation and production optimization of a novel milk-clotting enzyme Bacillus velezensis DB219. AMB Express 2022; 12:149. [DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01493-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe milk-clotting enzyme (MCE) is a crucial ingredient in cheese manufacture. Due to the limits of traditional MCE, finding viable substitute is a pressing issue. This study aims to isolate and identify a wild strain with high milk-clotting activity (MCA) and low proteolytic activity (PA) and optimize the fermentation conditions for MCE production. A strain of Bacillus velezensis DB219 with high MCA/PA value (9.2) was isolated from dairy soil (Wuchang, Heilongjiang, China) and identified through 16S rRNA from 40 strains. The optimal wheat bran, carbon, nitrogen, inoculum size, volume and initial pH were 60 g/L, soluble starch 12.5 g/L, corn steep liquor 3 g/L, 5%, 40 mL and 6.15, respectively for improving DB219 MCE production through single factor experiment. The wheat bran concentration, corn steep liquor concentration and volume were the most critical factor and their changed range was determined through Plackett–Burman design and the steepest ascent/descent experiments. The response surface analysis experiment of three factors and three levels was conducted by Box–Behnken design. The theoretical optimal fermentation conditions for DB219 MCE were as follows: wheat bran concentration 60.14 g/L, soluble starch 12.5 g/L, corn steep liquor 3 g/L, inoculum size 5%, volume 40.08 mL and initial pH 6.15. DB219 MCE achieved the maximal MCA (3164.84 SU/mL) that was 101.9% of the predicted value (3104.49 SU/mL) and 4.3-fold higher than the control.
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Optimisation of Xylanase–Pectinase Cocktail Production with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ADI2 Using a Low-Cost Substrate via Statistical Strategy. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
An effective statistical tool for increasing and boosting the production of xylanase and pectinase by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ADI2 during submerged fermentation (SmF) appears to be the response of surface methodology (RSM) using the central composite design (CCD). Optimum production was achieved under fermentation conditions of a temperature of 28 °C, pH of 8.38, inoculum size of 4% (w/v) and agitation speed of 94 rpm for 48 h. The experimental responses demonstrated a near agreement with the expected responses under optimum conditions of independent variables, suggesting the model’s validity. The optimised CCD model had a 1.34-fold, 159 ± 6 U/mL greater xylanase and 5.96-fold, 205 ± 9 U/mL greater pectinase production than the one factor at a time (OFAT) approach. The production of concurrent enzymes of xylanase–pectinase resulted in a ratio of 1:1.3.
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Arya PS, Yagnik SM, Rajput KN, Panchal RR, Raval VH. Understanding the Basis of Occurrence, Biosynthesis, and Implications of Thermostable Alkaline Proteases. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:4113-4150. [PMID: 34648116 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The group of hydrolytic enzymes synonymously known as proteases is predominantly most favored for the class of industrial enzymes. The present work focuses on the thermostable nature of these proteolytic enzymes that occur naturally among mesophilic and thermophilic microbes. The broad thermo-active feature (40-80 °C), ease of cultivation, maintenance, and bulk production are the key features associated with these enzymes. Detailing of contemporary production technologies, and controllable operational parameters including the purification strategies, are the key features that justify their industrial dominance as biocatalysts. In addition, the rigorous research inputs by protein engineering and enzyme immobilization studies add up to the thermo-catalytic features and application capabilities of these enzymes. The work summarizes key features of microbial proteases that make them numero-uno for laundry, biomaterials, waste management, food and feed, tannery, and medical as well as pharmaceutical industries. The quest for novel and/or designed and engineered thermostable protease from unexplored sources is highly stimulating and will address the ever-increasing industrial demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant S Arya
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Shivani M Yagnik
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Kiransinh N Rajput
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Rakeshkumar R Panchal
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Vikram H Raval
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.
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Jayakumar D, Sachith SK, Nathan VK, Rishad KSM. Statistical optimization of thermostable alkaline protease from Bacillus cereus KM 05 using response surface methodology. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:2053-2065. [PMID: 34432180 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Proteases have gained great attention due to their enormous applications in food, tannery, detergent, photography and many other industries. Proteases rank third position in the production of enzymes. This paper targets to isolate a bacterium with high alkaline protease activity and optimization of its production conditions using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). RESULTS A bacterium isolated from soil contaminated with detergent exhibited clearance zone on skim milk agar medium with a protease activity of 22 U/ml. The bacterial strain was identified as Bacillus cereus KM05 and optimization of its production conditions were performed using statistical methods. Further optimization with Box Behnken design resulted in an increase in protease activity by 1.5-fold (28.6 U/ml). The protease enzyme was thermotolerant up to 70 °C with stability towards alkaline pH (pH 9). The enzyme was not affected by most of the metal ions and solvents. Moreover, the protease was also compatible with six commercial detergents tested. Densitometric analysis of the destained fabric materials following the detergent-enzyme treatment, revealed a stain removal efficiency of 97%. CONCLUSION The alkaline protease enzyme obtained was stable at different conditions with stain removal efficacy. Hence, the present alkaline protease could be used for detergent formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devi Jayakumar
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology, Maharaja's College, Ernakulam, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Sunish Kadayil Sachith
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Zoology, Maharaja's College, Ernakulam, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Nathan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed To Be University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India
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Dwivedi P, Sharma AK, Singh SP. Biochemical properties and repression studies of an alkaline serine protease from a haloalkaliphilic actinomycete, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei subsp. albirubida OK-14. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Park SW, Kang BH, Lee HM, Lee SJ, Kim HS, Choi HW, Park TJ, Kong KH. Efficient brazzein production in yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis) using a chemically defined medium. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:913-925. [PMID: 33502625 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The sweet-tasting protein brazzein offers considerable potential as a functional sweetener with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic properties. Here, we optimized a chemically defined medium to produce secretory recombinant brazzein in Kluyveromyces lactis, with applications in mass production. Compositions of defined media were investigated for two phases of fermentation: the first phase for cell growth, and the second for maximum brazzein secretory production. Secretory brazzein expressed in the optimized defined medium exhibited higher purity than in the complex medium; purification was by ultrafiltration using a molecular weight cutoff, yielding approximately 107 mg L-1. Moreover, the total media cost in this defined medium system was approximately 11% of that in the optimized complex medium to generate equal amounts of brazzein. Therefore, the K. lactis expression system is useful for mass-producing recombinant brazzein with high purity and yield at low production cost and indicates a promising potential for applications in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Woong Park
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ha Kang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Seul Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Won Choi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hoon Kong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Alabdalall AH, ALanazi NA, A Aldakeel S, AbdulAzeez S, Borgio JF. Molecular, physiological, and biochemical characterization of extracellular lipase production by Aspergillus niger using submerged fermentation. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9425. [PMID: 32704444 PMCID: PMC7350912 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular production of fungal lipases especially the lipases obtained from the Aspergilli has gained immense interest in recent years due to its diverse biotechnological applications. In this study, we focused on determining the fermentation parameters required for the optimal lipase production. Methods A total of 256 fungal isolates were obtained from oil seeds. From each genus, one isolate was selected to evaluate lipase production using phenol red and tributyrin plate assays. Lipase activity was estimated using the spectrophotometric pNPP hydrolysis assay. The highest lipase producer isolates were identified using 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The genetic variability was determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and the dendrogram was constructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages method. The isolates were examined in a submerged fermentation culture (Smf) to measure the effect of temperature, pH, incubation time, carbon source, nitrogen source, inoculum volume, and lipid source on lipase production. Results Eleven isolates belonging to the genus Aspergillus were analyzed for lipase production where they were found to be the highest lipase producers among various fungal genera. All the tested isolates were identified as A. niger using 18s rRNA sequencing. Genetic diversity was evaluated among all of the studied A. niger isolates using RAPD primers. The RAPD primers were used to amplify 285 loci, of which five were polymorphic (1.75%) and seven were monomorphic (2.45%). Thus, a high level of genetic diversity was observed among all isolates. The tributyrin test and the lipase activity assay identified five strains of A. niger as high lipase producers, and their optimal enzyme activities were 709.74, 532.54, 735.64, 794.62, and 787.69 U/ml. The optimal conditions for lipase production were as follows: 40 °C, pH 7.5, 1% fructose as the carbon source, 1% yeast extract as the nitrogen source, 2% palm oil, 2.5 × 107 spores/ml suspension, and 3 days of incubation. Conclusions The current study provides a comprehensive characterization of the optimal conditions, which are essential to enhance lipase production in five A. niger isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Hassan Alabdalall
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudia Arabia
| | - Norah Ayad ALanazi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudia Arabia
| | - Sumayh A Aldakeel
- Department of Genetic Research, Department of Epidemic Diseases Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudia Arabia
| | - Sayed AbdulAzeez
- Department of Genetic Research, Department of Epidemic Diseases Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudia Arabia
| | - J Francis Borgio
- Department of Genetic Research, Department of Epidemic Diseases Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudia Arabia
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Microbial Decolorization of Triazo Dye, Direct Blue 71: An Optimization Approach Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2734135. [PMID: 32149095 PMCID: PMC7049410 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2734135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The release of wastewater from textile dyeing industrial sectors is a huge concern with regard to pollution as the treatment of these waters is truly a challenging process. Hence, this study investigates the triazo bond Direct Blue 71 (DB71) dye decolorization and degradation dye by a mixed bacterial culture in the deficiency source of carbon and nitrogen. The metagenomics analysis found that the microbial community consists of a major bacterial group of Acinetobacter (30%), Comamonas (11%), Aeromonadaceae (10%), Pseudomonas (10%), Flavobacterium (8%), Porphyromonadaceae (6%), and Enterobacteriaceae (4%). The richest phylum includes Proteobacteria (78.61%), followed by Bacteroidetes (14.48%) and Firmicutes (3.08%). The decolorization process optimization was effectively done by using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). The experimental variables of dye concentration, yeast extract, and pH show a significant effect on DB71 dye decolorization percentage. Over a comparative scale, the ANN model has higher prediction and accuracy in the fitness compared to the RSM model proven by approximated R 2 and AAD values. The results acquired signify an efficient decolorization of DB71 dye by a mixed bacterial culture.
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Improvement of the Quality of Ginkgo biloba Leaves Fermented by Eurotium cristatum as High Value-Added Feed. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7090627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba leaves are well known for their high content of nutrients and bioactive substances. However, unpleasant smell and a small number of ginkgolic acids greatly reduce the utilization of the leaves. In this work, solid-state fermentation of G. biloba leaves using Eurotium cristatum was studied by investigation of the nutrient changes and its feasibility as a functional feed. E. cristatum could grow on pure G. biloba leaves and the addition of excipients could significantly improve the growth of E. cristatum. The optimal medium was with 10% (w/w) of whole G. biloba seeds and the optimized water content, pH, inoculum size and fermentation time were 45% (w/w), 4.5, 4.76 × 107 CFU/100 g wet medium, and eight days, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the spore number increased by about 40 times. The content of flavonoids was greatly increased by 118.6%, and the protein and polyprenyl acetates (PPAs) were increased by 64.9% and 10.6%, respectively. The ginkgolic acids, lignin, and cellulose were decreased by 52.4%, 38.5%, and 20.1% than before, respectively. Furthermore, the fermented G. biloba leaves showed higher antioxidant activity and held more aroma substances. Thus, G. biloba leaves fermented by E. cristatum have potential as s high value-added feed. This is the first investigation of E. cristatum fermentation on ginkgo leaves, which will facilitate the use of ginkgo leaves in the feed industry.
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Fermentation conditions of serine/alkaline milk-clotting enzyme production by newly isolated Bacillus licheniformis BL312. ANN MICROBIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-019-01513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Müller J, Hütterott A, Habicher T, Mußmann N, Büchs J. Validation of the transferability of membrane-based fed-batch shake flask cultivations to stirred-tank reactor using three different protease producing Bacillus strains. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 128:599-605. [PMID: 31151898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Most industrial fermentation processes are operated in fed-batch mode to overcome catabolite repression, undesired by-product formation and oxygen limitation. To maintain comparable process conditions during screening of optimal production strains, the implementation of a fed-batch mode at small scale is crucial. In this study, three different protease producing Bacillus species, Bacillus aeolius, B. licheniformis and B. pumilus, were cultivated using the previously described membrane-based fed-batch shake flasks. Under carbon-limited conditions, catabolite repression was avoided, so that proteases were produced in all strains. Protease yields of B. aeolius and B. licheniformis increased 1.5-fold relative to batch cultivations. To validate process scalability between shake flasks and stirred tank reactors, membrane-based fed-batch shake flask cultivations were transferred to laboratory-scale stirred tank reactors with equal feeding rates. Despite inevitable differences between the scales such as pH control, feed supply and feed start, comparable results were achieved. Oxygen transfer rates of B. licheniformis and B. pumilus measured with the respiration activity monitoring system (RAMOS) in shake flasks and in stirred tank reactor with an off-gas analyzer were almost identical in both cultivation systems. The protease activities referring to the total consumed glucose were also mostly comparable. A slight decrease from shake flask to stirred tank reactor could be observed, which is presumably due to differences in pH control. This study successfully demonstrates the transferability of membrane-based fed-batch shake flask cultivations to laboratory-scale stirred tank reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Müller
- AVT - Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Anne Hütterott
- AVT - Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Tobias Habicher
- AVT - Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Nina Mußmann
- International R&D Laundry and Homecare, Henkel AG & Co KGaA, Henkelstr. 67, Düsseldorf 40589, Germany.
| | - Jochen Büchs
- AVT - Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, Aachen 52074, Germany.
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Salwoom L, Raja Abd Rahman RNZ, Salleh AB, Mohd Shariff F, Convey P, Pearce D, Mohamad Ali MS. Isolation, Characterisation, and Lipase Production of a Cold-Adapted Bacterial Strain Pseudomonas sp. LSK25 Isolated from Signy Island, Antarctica. Molecules 2019; 24:E715. [PMID: 30781467 PMCID: PMC6413188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, studies on psychrophilic lipases have been an emerging area of research in the field of enzymology. This study focuses on bacterial strains isolated from anthropogenically-influenced soil samples collected around Signy Island Research Station (South Orkney Islands, maritime Antarctic). Limited information on lipase activities from bacteria isolated from Signy station is currently available. The presence of lipase genes was determined using real time quantification PCR (qPCR) in samples obtained from three different locations on Signy Island. Twenty strains from the location with highest lipase gene detection were screened for lipolytic activities at a temperature of 4 °C, and from this one strain was selected for further examination based on the highest enzymatic activities obtained. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequence data of this strain showed the highest level of sequence similarity (98%) to a Pseudomonas sp. strain also isolated from Antarctica. In order to increase lipase production of this psychrophilic strain, optimisation of different parameters of physical and nutritional factors were investigated. Optimal production was obtained at 10 °C and pH 7.0, at 150 rev/min shaking rate over 36 h incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leelatulasi Salwoom
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
- National Antarctic Research Centre (NARC) B303, Block B, Level 3, IPS Building, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd Rahman
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abu Bakar Salleh
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Fairolniza Mohd Shariff
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OET, UK.
| | - David Pearce
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OET, UK.
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
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Pan S, Chen G, Zeng J, Cao X, Zheng X, Zeng W, Liang Z. Fibrinolytic enzyme production from low-cost substrates by marine Bacillus subtilis: Process optimization and kinetic modeling. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Elahi A, Rehman A. Bioconversion of hemicellulosic materials into ethanol by yeast, Pichia kudriavzevii 2-KLP1, isolated from industrial waste. Rev Argent Microbiol 2018; 50:417-425. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks for delta-endotoxin and protease yields modelling of Bacillus thuringiensis. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:187. [PMID: 28664374 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to develop a model that supplies accurate predictions of the yields of delta-endotoxins and proteases produced by B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki HD-1. Using available medium ingredients as variables, a mathematical method, based on Plackett-Burman design (PB), was employed to analyze and compare data generated by the Bootstrap method and processed by multiple linear regressions (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN) including multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) models. The predictive ability of these models was evaluated by comparison of output data through the determination of coefficient (R 2) and mean square error (MSE) values. The results demonstrate that the prediction of the yields of delta-endotoxin and protease was more accurate by ANN technique (87 and 89% for delta-endotoxin and protease determination coefficients, respectively) when compared with MLR method (73.1 and 77.2% for delta-endotoxin and protease determination coefficients, respectively), suggesting that the proposed ANNs, especially MLP, is a suitable new approach for determining yields of bacterial products that allow us to make more appropriate predictions in a shorter time and with less engineering effort.
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Optimization of Keratinase Production by Bacillus olironius Isolated from Poultry Farm Soil. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.11.2.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Walid AL, Neveen MAEK, Ebaa EES, Ehab REH. Isolation and characterization of a haloalkaliphilic protease producer bacterium from Wadi Natrun in Egypt. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2017.15984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Banerjee S, Maiti TK, Roy RN. Protease production by thermo-alkaliphilic novel gut isolate Kitasatospora cheerisanensis GAP 12.4 from Gryllotalpa africana. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1306739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Banerjee
- Department of Botany, Microbiology Research Laboratory, Dr. B N Dutta Smriti Mahavidyalaya, Hatgobindapur, India
| | - Tushar Kanti Maiti
- Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Rajbati, Burdwan, India
| | - Raj Narayan Roy
- Department of Botany, Microbiology Research Laboratory, Dr. B N Dutta Smriti Mahavidyalaya, Hatgobindapur, India
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Production, Partial Purification and Based SDS-PAGE Profiles of Caseinolytic Enzyme in two Bacillus Strains Isolated from Fermented Cassava leaves "Ntoba mbodi" in Congo Brazzaville. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.11.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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20
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Sharma D, Garlapat VK, Goel G. Bioprocessing of wheat bran for the production of lignocellulolytic enzyme cocktail by Cotylidia pannosa under submerged conditions. Bioengineered 2017; 7:88-97. [PMID: 26941214 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2016.1160190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization and production of efficient lignocellulytic enzyme cocktails for biomass conversion is the need for biofuel industry. The present investigation reports the modeling and optimization studies of lignocellulolytic enzyme cocktail production by Cotylidia pannosa under submerged conditions. The predominant enzyme activities of cellulase, xylanase and laccase were produced in the cocktail through submerged conditions using wheat bran as a substrate. A central composite design approach was utilized to model the production process using temperature, pH, incubation time and agitation as input variables with the goal of optimizing the output variables namely cellulase, xylanase and laccase activities. The effect of individual, square and interaction terms on cellulase, xylanase and laccase activities were depicted through the non-linear regression equations with significant R(2) and P-values. An optimized value of 20 U/ml, 17 U/ml and 13 U/ml of cellulase, xylanase and laccase activities, respectively, were obtained with a media pH of 5.0 in 77 h at 31C, 140 rpm using wheatbran as a substrate. Overall, the present study introduces a fungal strain, capable of producing lignocellulolytic enzyme cocktail for subsequent applications in biofuel industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Sharma
- a Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics , Jaypee University of Information Technology , Waknaghat , India
| | - Vijay Kumar Garlapat
- a Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics , Jaypee University of Information Technology , Waknaghat , India
| | - Gunjan Goel
- a Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics , Jaypee University of Information Technology , Waknaghat , India
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21
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Lim JY, Jang GM, Garcia CV, Lee SP. Fortification of Bioactive Compounds in Roasted Wheat Bran by Solid-State Fermentation Using Bacillus subtilis HA. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.23.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Lim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University
| | - Geun-Min Jang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University
| | | | - Sam-Pin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University
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Sharma AK, Singh SP. Effect of amino acids on the repression of alkaline protease synthesis in haloalkaliphilic Nocardiopsis dassonvillei. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 12:40-51. [PMID: 28352553 PMCID: PMC5361074 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A newly isolated salt-tolerant alkaliphilic actinomycete, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei strain OK-18 grows on mineral salts medium with glucose as carbon source. It also grows and produces protease with amino acids as sole carbon source. The synthesis of extracellular alkaline protease parallel to growth was repressible by substrate concentrations. The absolute production of the protease was delinked with growth under nutritional stress, as protease production was high, despite poor growth. When amino acids served as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen, the enzyme production was significantly controlled by the number of amino acids. Maximal protease production was achieved with proline, asparagine, tyrosine, alanine, methionine and valine as sole source of carbon and nitrogen in minimal medium. With the increasing number of different amino acids in the presence and absence of glucose, the protease production was synergistically lower as compared to complex medium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satya P. Singh
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005 Gujarat, India
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23
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Amira HAA, Eida MAK. Production of alkaline proteases by alkalophilic Bacillus subtilis during recycling animal and plant wastes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2016.15430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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24
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Datta S, Menon G, Varughese B. Production, characterization, and immobilization of partially purified surfactant–detergent and alkali-thermostable protease from newly isolated Aeromonas caviae. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 47:349-356. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2016.1244688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumitra Datta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy, Sastra University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Bincy Varughese
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy, Sastra University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India
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25
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Kamal S, Rehman S, Iqbal HMN. Biotechnological valorization of proteases: From hyperproduction to industrial exploitation-A review. ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ep.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta Kamal
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry; Government College University; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Saima Rehman
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry; Government College University; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- School of Engineering and Science; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey; Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey N.L CP 64849 Mexico
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26
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Banerjee S, Maiti TK, Roy RN. Identification and product optimization of amylolytic Rhodococcus opacus GAA 31.1 isolated from gut of Gryllotalpa africana. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2016; 14:133-141. [PMID: 30647607 PMCID: PMC6299904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An attempt has been made to isolate potent amylase producing gut bacteria from Gryllotalpa africana. Out of 82 isolates, GAA 31.1 was selected as potent producer, having enzyme activity 9.6 ± 0.861 U/ml. The isolate GAA 31.1 was identified as Rhodococcus opacus following morphological, biochemical, physiological characterization and phylogenetic analysis through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Fatty acid methyl ester profile of the isolate was also studied. The optimized physical cultural conditions for amylase production were found as incubation period 48 h, inoculum volume 2%, initial pH of the fermentation medium 7.0, temperature 38 °C and aeration at 150 rpm. Optimum nutrient conditions were determined as: supplementation of maltose 1.4% and sodium nitrate 1.4%. Surfactants SDS, EDTA, Tween 80 and Triton X-100 showed positive effect on enzyme production. Riboflavin (50 μg/ml) among the tested vitamins stimulated the production maximally. The isolate was also able to produce amylase using agro-industrial waste. This actinobacterium may be a potent candidate for amylase as it is capable of enhanced production (326.72 ± 6.081 U/ml) by utilizing agro-residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Banerjee
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. B N Dutta Smriti Mahavidyalaya, Hatgobindapur, Burdwan 713407, West Bengal, India
| | - Tushar Kanti Maiti
- Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Raj Narayan Roy
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. B N Dutta Smriti Mahavidyalaya, Hatgobindapur, Burdwan 713407, West Bengal, India
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27
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ÿztürk S, ÿalık P, ÿzdamar TH. Fed-Batch Biomolecule Production by Bacillus subtilis : A State of the Art Review. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 34:329-345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Classification, mode of action and production strategy of xylanase and its application for biofuel production from water hyacinth. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 82:1041-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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29
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Mohamed MI, Zaiton H, Mohamed MA, Brahim ME, Belal JM. Milk clotting and proteolytic activity of enzyme preparation from Pediococcus acidilactici SH for dairy products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2014.13974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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30
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Solid-state fermentation of Ginkgo biloba L. residue for optimal production of cellulase, protease and the simultaneous detoxification of Ginkgo biloba L. residue using Candida tropicalis and Aspergillus oryzae. Eur Food Res Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-014-2337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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31
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Huang Y, Wu Q, Xu Y. Isolation and identification of a blackAspergillusstrain and the effect of its novel protease on the aroma ofMoutai-flavouredliquor. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongguang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Biotechnology; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu China 214122
| | - Qun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Biotechnology; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu China 214122
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Biotechnology; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu China 214122
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32
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Patil U, Chaudhari A. Production of Alkaline Protease by Solvent-Tolerant Alkaliphilic Bacillus circulans MTCC 7942 Isolated from Hydrocarbon Contaminated Habitat: Process Parameters Optimization. ISRN BIOCHEMISTRY 2013; 2013:942590. [PMID: 25937965 PMCID: PMC4392993 DOI: 10.1155/2013/942590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, a newly isolated organic solvent-tolerant and alkaliphilic bacterial strain was reported from a hydrocarbon (gasoline and diesel) contaminated soil collected from the petrol station, Shirpur (India). The strain was identified as Bacillus circulans MTCC 7942, based on phenotype, biochemical, and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence. The capability of Bacillus circulans to secrete an extracellular, thermostable, alkaline protease and grow in the presence of organic solvents was explored. Bacillus circulans produced maximum alkaline protease (412 U/mL) in optimized medium (g/L): soybean meal, 15; starch, 10; KH2PO4, 1; MgSO4·7H2O, 0.05; CaCl2, 1; Na2CO3, 8; pH 10.0 at 37°C and 100 rpm. The competence of strain to grow in various organic solvents-n-octane, dodecane, n-decane, N,N-dimethylformamide, n-hexane, and dimethyl sulfoxide, establishes its potential as solvent-stable protease source for the possible applications in nonaqueous reactions and fine chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulhas Patil
- Department of Microbiology, R. C. Patel Arts, Commerce and Science College, Shirpur 425 405, India
| | - Ambalal Chaudhari
- School of Life Sciences, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon 425 001, India
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33
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Gomaa EZ. Optimization and characterization of alkaline protease and carboxymethyl-cellulase produced by Bacillus pumillus grown on Ficus nitida wastes. Braz J Microbiol 2013; 44:529-37. [PMID: 24294252 PMCID: PMC3833158 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013005000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The potentiality of 23 bacterial isolates to produce alkaline protease and carboxymethyl-cellulase (CMCase) on Ficus nitida wastes was investigated. Bacillus pumillus ATCC7061 was selected as the most potent bacterial strain for the production of both enzymes. It was found that the optimum production of protease and CMCase were recorded at 30 °C, 5% Ficus nitida leaves and incubation period of 72 h. The best nitrogen sources for protease and CMCase production were yeast extract and casein, respectively. Also maximum protease and CMCase production were reported at pH 9 and pH 10, respectively. The enzymes possessed a good stability over a pH range of 8–10, expressed their maximum activities at pH10 and temperature range of 30–50 °C, expressed their maximum activities at 50 °C. Ions of Hg2+, Fe2+ and Ag+ showed a stimulatory effect on protease activity and ions of Fe2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cu2+ and Ag+ caused enhancement of CMCase activity. The enzymes were stable not only towards the nonionic surfactants like Triton X-100 and Tween 80 but also the strong anionic surfactant, SDS. Moreover, the enzymes were not significantly inhibited by EDTA or cystein. Concerning biotechnological applications, the enzymes retained (51–97%) of their initial activities upon incubation in the presence of commercials detergents for 1 h. The potential use of the produced enzymes in the degradation of human hair and cotton fabric samples were also assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Zakaria Gomaa
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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34
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Mukund P, Belur PD, Saidutta MB. PRODUCTION OF NARINGINASE FROM A NEW SOIL ISOLATE,Bacillus methylotrophicus: ISOLATION, OPTIMIZATION AND SCALE-UP STUDIES. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 44:146-63. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2013.797910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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35
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Lin Y, Lü F, Shao L, He P. Influence of bicarbonate buffer on the methanogenetic pathway during thermophilic anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 137:245-253. [PMID: 23587826 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of bicarbonate on the metabolic pathway of methanogenesis, different concentrations of bicarbonate (0-0.2 mol/L) were applied during thermophilic anaerobic digestion of 2.5 and 5 g/L glucose. The stable carbon isotopic results demonstrated that, as the bicarbonate concentration increased, the proportion of total CH4 generated from hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis generally increased. Furthermore, methane production rates and acetate degradation rates were seriously reduced under high levels of bicarbonate (0.15 and 0.2 mol/L). Meanwhile, carbon isotope fractionation was more prominent in treatments with 5 g/L glucose than that of 2.5 g/L glucose. Increased concentrations of bicarbonate altered the dominant methanogens and bacteria and increased the microbial diversity. The inhibitory effects of high concentrations of bicarbonate suggested that bicarbonate should be used cautiously as a buffer salt in anaerobic processes, especially when methanogenetic pathways were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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36
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da Silva RR, de Freitas Cabral TP, Rodrigues A, Cabral H. Production and partial characterization of serine and metallo peptidases secreted by Aspergillus fumigatus Fresenius in submerged and solid state fermentation. Braz J Microbiol 2013; 44:235-43. [PMID: 24159310 PMCID: PMC3804204 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme production varies in different fermentation systems. Enzyme expression in different fermentation systems yields important information for improving our understanding of enzymatic production induction. Comparative studies between solid-state fermentation (SSF) using agro-industrial waste wheat bran and submerged fermentation (SmF) using synthetic media were carried out to determinate the best parameters for peptidase production by the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus Fresen. Variables tested include: the concentration of carbon and protein nitrogen sources, the size of the inoculum, the pH of the media, temperature, and the length of the fermentation process. The best peptidase production during SSF was obtained after 96 hours using wheat bran at 30 °C with an inoculum of 1 × 10(6) spores and yielded 1500 active units (U/mL). The best peptidase production using SmF was obtained after periods of 72 and 96 hours of fermentation in media containing 0.5% and 0.25% of casein, respectively, at a pH of 6.0 and at 30 °C and yielded 40 U/mL. We also found examples of catabolite repression of peptidase production under SmF conditions. Biochemical characterization of the peptidases produced by both fermentative processes showed optimum activity at pH 8.0 and 50 °C, and also showed that their proteolytic activity is modulated by surfactants. The enzymatic inhibition profile using phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) in SmF and SSF indicated that both fermentative processes produced a serine peptidase. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of the ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelating agent on the peptidase produced by SmF indicated that this fermentative process also produced a metallopeptidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronivaldo Rodrigues da Silva
- Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - André Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Cabral
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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37
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Spent brewery yeast sludge as a single nitrogen source for fibrinolytic enzyme production of Virgibacillus sp. SK37. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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38
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SESWITA ZILDA DEWI, HARMAYANI ENI, WIDADA JAKA, ASMARA WIDYA, IRIANTO EKO, PATANTIS GINTUNG, NURI FAWZYA YUSRO. Optimization of Culture Conditions to Produce Thermostable Keratinolytic Protease of Brevibacillus thermoruber LII, Isolated from the Padang Cermin Hot Spring, Lampung, Indonesia. MICROBIOLOGY INDONESIA 2012. [DOI: 10.5454/mi.6.4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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39
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Thumar JT, Singh SP. Repression of alkaline protease in salt-tolerant alkaliphilic Streptomyces clavuligerus strain Mit-1 under the influence of amino acids in minimal medium. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-009-0087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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40
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Optimization of process conditions for the production of a prolylendopeptidase by Aspergillus niger ATCC 11414 in solid state fermentation. Food Sci Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-011-0182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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41
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Haddar A, Hmidet N, Ghorbel-Bellaaj O, Fakhfakh-Zouari N, Sellami-Kamoun A, Nasri M. Alkaline proteases produced by Bacillus licheniformis RP1 grown on shrimp wastes: Application in chitin extraction, chicken feather-degradation and as a dehairing agent. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-010-0410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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42
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Screening fermentation parameters of the milk-clotting enzyme produced by newly isolated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D4 from the Tibetan Plateau in China. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0270-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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43
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Tabandeh F, Hosseinian Moghaddam HR, Yakhchali B, Shariati P, Hamed Mousavian MT, Ghasemi F. FED-BATCH FERMENTATION OFBACILLUS CLAUSIIFOR EFFICIENT PRODUCTION OF ALKALINE PROTEASE USING DIFFERENT FEEDING STRATEGIES. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2011.552024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Proteases are hydrolytic enzymes which catalyze the total hydrolysis of proteins in to amino acids. Although proteolytic enzymes can be obtained from animals and plants but microorganisms are the preferred source for industrial applications in view of scientific and economical advantage. Among various groups of microbes, psychrotrophs are ideal candidates for enzymes production keeping in mind that enzymes active at low temperature and stable under alkaline condition, in presence of oxidants and detergents are in large demand as laundry additive. The proteases from psychrotrophs also find application in environmental bioremediation, food and molecular biology. During the previous two decades, proteases from psychrotrophs have received increased attention because of their wide range of applications, but the full potential of psychrotrophic proteases has not been exploited. This review focuses attention on the present status of knowledge on the production, optimization, molecular characteristics, applications, substrate specificity, and crystal structure of psychrotrophic proteases. The review will help in making strategies for exploitation of psychrotrophic protease resources and improvement of enzymes to obtain more robust proteases of industrial and biotechnological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Chand Kasana
- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR), Palampur (HP)-176061, India.
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45
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Masomian M, Rahman RNZRA, Salleh AB, Basri M. A unique thermostable and organic solvent tolerant lipase from newly isolated Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus strain HZ: physical factor studies. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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46
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Sathya R, Pradeep BV, Angayarkanni J, Palaniswamy M. Production of milk clotting protease by a local isolate of Mucor circinelloides under SSF using agro-industrial wastes. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-008-0304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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47
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Bezawada J, Yan S, Tyagia RD, Surampalli RY. Comparison of protease activities in different Bacillus licheniformis strains using wastewater sludge and synthetic soy medium as raw material. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2010; 31:63-72. [PMID: 20232680 DOI: 10.1080/09593330903338429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The production of extracellular protease by different Bacillus licheniformis strains (ATCC 21415, ATCC 21417 and ATCC 21424) was tested in wastewater sludge as a raw material as well as in synthetic soy medium to compare the capacity of protease production by different strains and to compare the capacity of the medium to provide nutrients for enzyme synthesis. All of the strains showed similar activities in both media. The protease activity was very high in the fermentor in both of the media compared with the shake flask. Results from microbial selection indicated that ATCC 21424 had high potential for protease production using sludge as a growth medium. The observation from this study suggested that wastewater sludge could be used as a raw material (nutrient source) to produce protease for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bezawada
- lNRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
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48
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Lee MH, Lee KM, Choi YJ, Baek YS. Isolation, Production, and Characterization of Protease from Bacillus subtilis IB No. 11. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2009.51.6.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Dheeman DS, Frias JM, Henehan GTM. Influence of cultivation conditions on the production of a thermostable extracellular lipase from Amycolatopsis mediterranei DSM 43304. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 37:1-17. [PMID: 19806375 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0643-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Among several lipase-producing actinomycete strains screened, Amycolatopsis mediterranei DSM 43304 was found to produce a thermostable, extracellular lipase. Culture conditions and nutrient source modification studies involving carbon sources, nitrogen sources, incubation temperature and medium pH were carried out. Lipase activity of 1.37 +/- 0.103 IU/ml of culture medium was obtained in 96 h at 28 degrees C and pH 7.5 using linseed oil and fructose as carbon sources and a combination of phytone peptone and yeast extract (5:1) as nitrogen sources. Under optimal culture conditions, the lipase activity was enhanced 12-fold with a twofold increase in lipase specific activity. The lipase showed maximum activity at 60 degrees C and pH 8.0. The enzyme was stable between pH 5.0 and 9.0 and temperatures up to 60 degrees C. Lipase activity was significantly enhanced by Fe(3+) and strongly inhibited by Hg(2+). Li(+), Mg(2+) and PMSF significantly reduced lipase activity, whereas other metal ions and effectors had no significant effect at 0.01 M concentration. A. mediterranei DSM 43304 lipase exhibited remarkable stability in the presence of a wide range of organic solvents at 25% (v/v) concentration for 24 h. These features render this novel lipase attractive for potential biotechnological applications in organic synthesis reactions.
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Abusham RA, Rahman RNZR, Salleh AB, Basri M. Optimization of physical factors affecting the production of thermo-stable organic solvent-tolerant protease from a newly isolated halo tolerant Bacillus subtilis strain Rand. Microb Cell Fact 2009; 8:20. [PMID: 19356254 PMCID: PMC2671491 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-8-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2008] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many researchers have reported on the optimization of protease production; nevertheless, only a few have reported on the optimization of the production of organic solvent-tolerant proteases. Ironically, none has reported on thermostable organic solvent-tolerant protease to date. The aim of this study was to isolate the thermostable organic solvent-tolerant protease and identify the culture conditions which support its production. The bacteria of genus Bacillus are active producers of extra-cellular proteases, and the thermostability of enzyme production by Bacillus species has been well-studied by a number of researchers. In the present study, the Bacillus subtilis strain Rand was isolated from the contaminated soil found in Port Dickson, Malaysia. Results A thermostable organic solvent-tolerant protease producer had been identified as Bacillus subtilis strain Rand, based on the 16S rRNA analysis conducted, as well as the morphological characteristics and biochemical properties. The production of the thermostable organic solvent-tolerant protease was optimized by varying various physical culture conditions. Inoculation with 5.0% (v/v) of (AB600 = 0.5) inoculum size, in a culture medium (pH 7.0) and incubated for 24 h at 37°C with 200 rpm shaking, was the best culture condition which resulted in the maximum growth and production of protease (444.7 U/ml; 4042.4 U/mg). The Rand protease was not only stable in the presence of organic solvents, but it also exhibited a higher activity than in the absence of organic solvent, except for pyridine which inhibited the protease activity. The enzyme retained 100, 99 and 80% of its initial activity, after the heat treatment for 30 min at 50, 55, and 60°C, respectively. Conclusion Strain Rand has been found to be able to secrete extra-cellular thermostable organic solvent-tolerant protease into the culture medium. The protease exhibited a remarkable stability towards temperature and organic solvent. This unique property makes it attractive and useful to be used in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa A Abusham
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Group, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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