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Ghaderi S, Gholipour P, Safari S, Sadati SM, Brooshghalan SE, Sohrabi R, Rashidi K, Komaki A, Salehi I, Sarihi A, Zarei M, Shahidi S, Rashno M. Uncovering the protective potential of vanillic acid against traumatic brain injury-induced cognitive decline in male rats: Insights into underlying mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117405. [PMID: 39236478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant contributor to global mortality and disability, and there is still no specific drug available to treat cognitive deficits in survivors. Vanillic acid (VA), a bioactive phenolic compound, has shown protective effects in various models of neurodegeneration; however, its impact on TBI outcomes remains elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the possible role of VA in ameliorating TBI-induced cognitive decline and to reveal the mechanisms involved. TBI was induced using the Marmarou impact acceleration model to deliver an impact force of 300 g, and treatment with VA (50 mg/kg; P.O.) was initiated 30 minutes post-TBI. The cognitive performance, hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), oxidative stress markers, neurological function, cerebral edema, and morphological changes were assessed at scheduled points in time. TBI resulted in cognitive decline in the passive avoidance task, impaired LTP in the perforant path-dentate gyrus (PP-DG) pathway, increased hippocampal oxidative stress, cerebral edema, neurological deficits, and neuronal loss in the rat hippocampus. In contrast, acute VA administration mitigated all the aforementioned TBI outcomes. The data suggest that reducing synaptic plasticity impairment, regulating oxidative and antioxidant defense, alleviating cerebral edema, and preventing neuronal loss by VA can be at least partially attributed to its protection against TBI-induced cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Ghaderi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Parsa Gholipour
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Safari
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Sadati
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahla Eyvari Brooshghalan
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Sohrabi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Khodabakhsh Rashidi
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Salehi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Sarihi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zarei
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Siamak Shahidi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Masome Rashno
- Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran.
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Qin S, Yan F, E S, Xiong P, Tang S, Yu K, Zhang M, Cheng Y, Cai W. Comprehensive characterization of multiple components of Ziziphus jujuba Mill using UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometers. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:4270-4295. [PMID: 36514751 PMCID: PMC9731542 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ziziphus jujuba Mill is the dried ripe fruit of the Rhamnaceae family; it is widely distributed in Shandong, Henan, Liaoning, and other places in China. In folk medicine, it was used to restore vital energy, as a blood tonic, and for the treatment of spleen deficiency. To date, a complete investigation of the compounds of Z. jujuba has rarely been performed. Therefore, a reliable strategy based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS, combined with trace data acquisition mode (parallel reaction monitoring scanning, PRM) and multiple data processing methods, is necessary for the characterization of compounds in the Z. jujuba. Ultimately, 295 compounds, including 69 flavonoids, 60 alkaloids, 82 phenylpropanoids, 52 organic acids, and 32 other components, were identified in the Z. jujuba; of these, 270 have been reported in Z. jujuba for the first time. This study provides deep insights into the chemistry of Z. jujuba and could be useful for further studies aimed at identifying the factors contributing to the health benefits attributed to this fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi‐han Qin
- School of PharmacyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHunan University of MedicineHuaihuaChina
| | - Fang Yan
- School of PharmacyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Shuai E
- School of PharmacyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHunan University of MedicineHuaihuaChina
| | - Pei Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHunan University of MedicineHuaihuaChina
| | - Su‐nv Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHunan University of MedicineHuaihuaChina
| | - Kai‐quan Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHunan University of MedicineHuaihuaChina
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHunan University of MedicineHuaihuaChina
| | - Yung‐chi Cheng
- Department of PharmacologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Wei Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHunan University of MedicineHuaihuaChina
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Vanillic Acid Attenuates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Enhancing NO Signaling Pathways. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221128411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe progressive disease characterized by elevated mean pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, and eventual progression to right heart failure and death. This study aimed to examine the effect of the natural product vanillic acid (VA) on monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH in rats. The arginase inhibitory activity and enzyme kinetic reaction of VA were also investigated. The results showed that VA could improve pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary artery vascular remodeling, and right ventricular remodeling induced by MCT in rats and reduce the degree of pulmonary tissue fibrosis. Moreover, VA downregulated the gene and protein expression levels of Hif-2α, Hif-1β, and Arg2 and increased the P-eNOS/eNOS levels, thus increasing nitric oxide (NO) levels in PAH rats. Furthermore, VA was determined to be a mixed competitive arginase inhibitor with an IC50 of 26.1 μM. In conclusion, the arginase inhibitor VA exerted protective effects on MCT-induced PAH and pulmonary vascular remodeling by enhancing NO signaling pathways.
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Physiological Effects of Green-Colored Food-Derived Bioactive Compounds on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12041879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide. Epidemiological studies strongly highlight various benefits of consuming colorful fruits and vegetables in everyday life. In this review, we aimed to revisit previous studies conducted in the last few decades regarding green-colored foods and their bioactive compounds in consideration of treating and/or preventing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This review draws a comprehensive summary and assessment of research on the physiological effects of various bioactive compounds, mainly polyphenols, derived from green-colored fruits and vegetables. In particular, their health-beneficial effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, and lipid-lowering properties, will be discussed. Furthermore, the bioavailability and significance of action of these bioactive compounds on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases will be discussed in detail.
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