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Noor S, Ali S, Summer M, Riaz A, Nazakat L, Aqsa. Therapeutic Role of Probiotics Against Environmental-Induced Hepatotoxicity: Mechanisms, Clinical Perspectives, Limitations, and Future. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10365-6. [PMID: 39316257 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity is one of the biggest health challenges, particularly in the context of liver diseases, often aggravated by gut microbiota dysbiosis. The gut-liver axis has been regarded as a key idea in liver health. It indicates that changes in gut flora caused by various hepatotoxicants, including alcoholism, acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride, and thioacetamide, can affect the balance of the gut's microflora, which may lead to increased dysbiosis and intestinal permeability. As a result, bacterial endotoxins would eventually enter the bloodstream and liver, causing hepatotoxicity and inducing inflammatory reactions. Many treatments, including liver transplantation and modern drugs, can be used to address these issues. However, because of the many side effects of these approaches, scientists and medical experts are still hoping for a therapeutic approach with fewer side effects and more positive results. Thus, probiotics have become well-known as an adjunctive strategy for managing, preventing, or reducing hepatotoxicity in treating liver injury. By altering the gut microbiota, probiotics offer a secure, non-invasive, and economical way to improve liver health in the treatment of hepatotoxicity. Through various mechanisms such as regulation of gut microbiota, reduction of pathogenic overgrowth, suppression of inflammatory mediators, modification of hepatic lipid metabolism, improvement in the performance of the epithelial barrier of the gut, antioxidative effects, and modulation of mucosal immunity, probiotics play their role in the treatment and prevention of hepatotoxicity. This review highlights the mechanistic effects of probiotics in environmental toxicants-induced hepatotoxicity and current findings on this therapeutic approach's experimental and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehzeen Noor
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Summer
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Anfah Riaz
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Nazakat
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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Coppola G, Principessa C, Di Vincenzo F, Puca P, Del Gaudio A, Capobianco I, Bartocci B, Papa A, Cammarota G, Lopetuso LR, Scaldaferri F. Endoscopic Management of Strictures in Crohn's Disease: An Unsolved Case. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4842. [PMID: 39200984 PMCID: PMC11355190 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with a significant burden in terms of quality of life and health care costs. It is frequently associated with several complications, including the development of intestinal strictures. Stricturing CD requires a careful multidisciplinary approach involving medical therapy and surgery, still posing a continuous management challenge; in this context, endoscopic treatment represents a valuable, in-between opportunity as a minimally invasive strategy endorsed by extensive yet heterogeneous evidence and evolving research and techniques. This review summarizes current knowledge on the role of therapeutic endoscopy in stricturing CD, focusing on evidence gaps, recent updates, and novel techniques intended for optimizing efficacy, safety, and tailoring of this approach in the view of precision endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Coppola
- CEMAD—IBD Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (I.C.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Chiara Principessa
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federica Di Vincenzo
- CEMAD—IBD Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (I.C.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Pierluigi Puca
- CEMAD—IBD Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (I.C.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Angelo Del Gaudio
- CEMAD—IBD Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (I.C.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ivan Capobianco
- CEMAD—IBD Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (I.C.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Bianca Bartocci
- CEMAD—IBD Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (I.C.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alfredo Papa
- CEMAD—IBD Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (I.C.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Cammarota
- CEMAD—IBD Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (I.C.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Loris Riccardo Lopetuso
- CEMAD—IBD Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (I.C.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell’Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Franco Scaldaferri
- CEMAD—IBD Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (I.C.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
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Fan Z, Pan H, Qu N, Wang X, Cao L, Chen L, Liu M. LncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 in liver disease. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 560:119752. [PMID: 38821337 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA sequences exceeding 200 nucleotides in length that lack protein-coding capacity and participate in diverse biological processes in the human body, particularly exerting a pivotal role in disease surveillance, diagnosis, and progression. Taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) is a versatile lncRNA, and recent studies have revealed that the aberrant expression or function of TUG1 is intricately linked to the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Consequently, we have summarized the current understanding of the mechanism of TUG1 in liver diseases such as liver fibrosis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, liver injury, hepatitis, and liver cancer. Moreover, mounting evidence suggests that interventions targeting TUG1 or its downstream pathways may hold therapeutic promise for liver diseases. This review elucidates the characteristics, mechanisms, and targets of TUG1 in liver diseases, offering a theoretical basis for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic biomarkers of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, No. 66, Chongshan Mid Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Hao Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, No. 66, Chongshan Mid Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Na Qu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, No. 66, Chongshan Mid Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, No. 66, Chongshan Mid Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Lianrui Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, No. 66, Chongshan Mid Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Lijiang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, No. 66, Chongshan Mid Road, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Mingxia Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, No. 66, Chongshan Mid Road, Shenyang 110036, China.
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Chang J, Huang C, Li S, Jiang X, Chang H, Li M. Research Progress Regarding the Effect and Mechanism of Dietary Polyphenols in Liver Fibrosis. Molecules 2023; 29:127. [PMID: 38202710 PMCID: PMC10779665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of liver fibrosis is a result of chronic liver injuries may progress to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. In recent years, liver fibrosis has become a major global problem, and the incidence rate and mortality are increasing year by year. However, there are currently no approved treatments. Research on anti-liver-fibrosis drugs is a top priority. Dietary polyphenols, such as plant secondary metabolites, have remarkable abilities to reduce lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and inflammation, and are attracting more and more attention as potential drugs for the treatment of liver diseases. Gradually, dietary polyphenols are becoming the focus for providing an improvement in the treatment of liver fibrosis. The impact of dietary polyphenols on the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent production of intestinal microbial metabolites has been observed to indirectly modulate signaling pathways in the liver, thereby exerting regulatory effects on liver disease. In conclusion, there is evidence that dietary polyphenols can be therapeutically useful in preventing and treating liver fibrosis, and we highlight new perspectives and key questions for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Congying Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Xiaolei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Minhui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010020, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou 014040, China
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