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Scansen BA. Advances in the Treatment of Pulmonary Valve Stenosis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2023; 53:1393-1414. [PMID: 37453894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary valve stenosis represents the most common congenital heart defect of dogs and appears to be increasing in prevalence due to the growing popularity of brachycephalic breeds. Current treatments include beta-blockade and balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty, though evidence-based approaches to this disease are lacking. Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty is most effective for fused, doming valves leaving a large population of dogs with thick, dysplastic valves that fail to respond adequately to balloon dilation. Transpulmonary stent implantation is an emerging therapy to consider for dogs with valve dysplasia or who have failed balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty; current experience with transpulmonary stent implantation is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Scansen
- Cardiology & Cardiac Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, 200 West Lake Street, 1678 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1678, USA.
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A New Solution for Stenting Large Right Ventricular Outflow Tracts Before Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement. Can J Cardiol 2021; 38:31-40. [PMID: 34520811 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prestenting right ventricular outflow tracts (RVOTs) before transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) is essential. Optimus-XXL (AndraTec GmbH, Koblenz, Germany) is a new extra-large, balloon-expandable cobalt-chrome stent with promising technologies. METHODS From June 2020 to November 2020, 15 patients with congenital heart disease, dysfunctional RVOTs and target TPVR diameter ≥ 23 mm received Optimus-XXL stents before proceeding to TPVR using the SAPIEN valve (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA). Standard safety and outcomes were prospectively assessed. RESULTS Patients' median age and weight were 25.8 years (range: 10.5-63.1 years) and 58 kg (range: 43.8-101 kg), respectively. Underlying diagnosis was tetralogy of Fallot (66.7%), and RVOTs were patched (80%). Fifteen bare-metal stents were implanted using femoral (n = 14) and jugular approaches (n = 1). One conduit rupture was immediately controlled with a covered Optimus-XXL. Median stent length was 43 mm (range: 33-57 mm), and median target expansion diameter was 28 mm (range: 23-30 mm). Two procedural incidents occurred during stent delivery and were percutaneously treated. Stent stability was documented during TPVRs immediately performed in 14 patients. Median stent shortening was 13.7%, and median percentage of intended stent expansion was 95.9%. There was no stent fracture on the short-term follow-up (median: 4.5 months). CONCLUSIONS We report the first implantations of Optimus-XXL stents in dysfunctional RVOTs with excellent preliminary results. Optimus-XXL should be considered as a valuable adjunct in the armamentarium for routine and complex TPVR procedures.
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Karsenty C, Malekzadeh-Milani S, Fraisse A, Gewillig M, Bonnet D, Aldebert P, Ovaert C, Bouvaist H, Kempny A, Houeijeh A, Petit J, Hascoet S. Right ventricular outflow tract prestenting with AndraStent XXL before percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 113:113-120. [PMID: 32081640 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The indications for percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) have been extended to include large dysfunctional right ventricular outflow tracts (RVOTs). Prestenting of the RVOT is commonly performed before PPVI in order to ensure a stable landing zone. The AndraStent XXL (AndraMed GmbH, Reutlingen, Germany), a cobalt-chromium stent with semi-open cell design, has unique mechanical properties in this indication but is no longer available in France. AIMS To assess the efficiency of AndraStent XXL before PPVI. METHODS In this retrospective multicentre cohort study, 86 AndraStents XXL were implanted in 77 patients in 6 centres. RESULTS PPVI was indicated mainly for pulmonary regurgitation (75.3%) in native or patched RVOT (88.3%). The stents were manually mounted on balloon catheters and delivered through sheaths using a conventional femoral approach. PPVI was performed successfully in 97.4% of patients after successful prestenting, generally during the same procedure (77.9%). There were no deaths associated with stent implantation, and four patients experienced five complications, mainly stent embolization, including one requiring surgery. Neither stent fracture nor dysfunction were observed in any patient during a mean follow-up of 19.2±8.7months. Stent analysis showed an excellent maximal stent expansion (97.1%) regardless of balloon size. A 22.3%±3.4 stent shortening with a 30mm balloon was observed. CONCLUSIONS Implantation of large cobalt-chromium AndraStent XXL stents is efficient for prestenting before PPVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Karsenty
- CHU Toulouse, Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Université de Toulouse, 31300 Toulouse, France; Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, INSERM U1048, I2MC, 1, Avenue Jean-Poulhès, BP 84225, Toulouse, France.
| | - Sophie Malekzadeh-Milani
- Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales, Complexes-M3C, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, George-Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alain Fraisse
- Paediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Services, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Marc Gewillig
- Fetal and Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Damien Bonnet
- Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales, Complexes-M3C, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, George-Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Aldebert
- Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, M3C Regional Reference CHD Centre, University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Ovaert
- Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, M3C Regional Reference CHD Centre, University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Helene Bouvaist
- Department of Cardiology, M3C Regional Reference CHD Centre, CHU Grenoble, France
| | | | - Ali Houeijeh
- Pôle des cardiopathies congénitales de l'enfant et de l'adulte, centre de référence malformations cardiaques congénitales complexes (M3C), hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, université Paris-Sud, université Paris-Saclay, 133, avenue de la Résistance, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Jerome Petit
- Pôle des cardiopathies congénitales de l'enfant et de l'adulte, centre de référence malformations cardiaques congénitales complexes (M3C), hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, université Paris-Sud, université Paris-Saclay, 133, avenue de la Résistance, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Sebastien Hascoet
- Pôle des cardiopathies congénitales de l'enfant et de l'adulte, centre de référence malformations cardiaques congénitales complexes (M3C), hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, université Paris-Sud, université Paris-Saclay, 133, avenue de la Résistance, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
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Sivakumar K, Anantharaj A, Raghuram P, Krishna Kumar R, Vani P, Neuss M. First in man study of a new semi-open cell design Zephyr cobalt-chromium stent in large vessels and conduits. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2020; 96:367-375. [PMID: 31999067 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We present a first-in-man clinical use of a new hybrid design stent in stenosed large vessels. Its unique C and S polylinks prevent foreshortening without compromising its strength. Its thin profile permits use of smaller introducer sheaths. BACKGROUND Stent angioplasty is widely employed in large vessel and conduit stenosis. These procedures are associated with difficulties due to large stent profiles, stent fractures, foreshortening and recoil. Cobalt chromium stents have high tensile strengths compared to stainless steel stents. METHODS A retrospective analysis of feasibility and safety of a new Cobalt chromium stent in large vessels namely aorta, pulmonary arteries and outflow conduits was done from two institutions. Demographic patient details, procedural results, complications and medium term follow-up were analyzed. Stent recoil, foreshortening, fractures were assessed. RESULTS Twenty patients including three with aortic coarctations, seven with stenosed conduits and 10 with pulmonary artery stenosis underwent stent angioplasty using 23 stents. Three stents were deployed to expand further a previously implanted stent. Procedure was successful in all patients, lumen increased by 150-300%, gradients reduced in all patients. There was no stent recoil, foreshortening or fractures. There were no complications. At a follow up of 3-27 months, there were no stent related complications and the gradients remained stable. CONCLUSIONS The new Zephyr stent was useful in a wide variety of stenotic lesions involving large vessels including those that were previously stented. Lack of stent recoil and foreshortening seems to be an advantage for this new stent that needs validation in larger multicenter studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avinash Anantharaj
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, India
| | - Palaparti Raghuram
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, India
| | | | - Preeti Vani
- Sahajanand Laser Technology Ltd, Gandhinagar, India
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Boccalini S, den Harder AM, Witsenburg M, Breur JPJM, Krestin GP, van Beynum IM, Attrach M, Stagnaro N, Marasini M, de Jong PA, Leiner T, Budde RPJ. Computed tomography image quality of aortic stents in patients with aortic coarctation: a multicentre evaluation. Eur Radiol Exp 2018; 2:17. [PMID: 33252748 PMCID: PMC6091724 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-018-0046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stents are commonly used to treat aortic coarctation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-implantation computed tomography (CT) image quality of different stent types used to treat aortic coarctation. METHODS Adult and paediatric patients with stent-treated aortic coarctation who underwent contrast-enhanced CT were retrospectively included from three tertiary care centres. CT scans were subjectively scored for image quality using a 4-point scale (1 = unacceptable; 2 = poor; 3 = good; 4 = excellent). Furthermore, the amount of stent-induced blooming artefacts was measured as the percentage of the difference between outer and inner stent diameters over the outer stent diameter. RESULTS A total of 35 children and 34 adults implanted with 71 stents of six different types were included. The most commonly used stent type was the Cheatham Platinum stent (52 stents, 73%). The subjective image quality of the Cheatham Platinum stents was moderate with a score of 2.0±0.8 (mean ± standard deviation) in children and 2.3±0.6 in adults. The image quality in patients with Formula stents was 2.3±1.2. The Cheatham Platinum stents induced 34-48% blooming, the Formula stents 44-55%. The image quality in patients with the less commonly used Atrium Advanta V12, IntraStent, AndraStent and Palmaz stents was scored 3 (good) to 4 (excellent) with less blooming. The electrocardiographic gating and tube voltage (kVp) did not affect image quality. CONCLUSIONS There is a substantial variation in CT image quality and blooming artefacts for different stent types used to treat aortic coarctation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Boccalini
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Annemarie M den Harder
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Witsenburg
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes P J M Breur
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriel P Krestin
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M van Beynum
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed Attrach
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Stagnaro
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Marasini
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pim A de Jong
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Leiner
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo P J Budde
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Fiszer R, Bialkowski J, Chodór B, Pawlak S, Szkutnik M. Use of the AndraStent XL and XXL for the treatment of coarctation of the aorta in children and adults: immediate and midterm results. EUROINTERVENTION 2017; 12:394-9. [PMID: 26082263 DOI: 10.4244/eijy15m06_03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to present our experience with a new type of extra-large stent, namely the AndraStent XL/XXL. METHODS AND RESULTS AndraStents were implanted in 46 patients, 38 with native coarctation of the aorta (CoA) and eight with recurrent coarctation of the aorta following previous surgery (ReCoA). All patients had arterial hypertension in the upper limbs, absent or weak femoral pulses, and continuous flow in the abdominal aorta on Doppler examination. The median age of patients was 25 years (range from nine to 65). The stents (cobalt-chromium with semi-open cell design) were manually mounted on balloon catheters and delivered through 10 to 14 Fr Mullins sheaths using a conventional femoral approach. All procedures were successful (no stent migration, proper expansion, no aorta dissection/rupture, major bleeding or major vessel injury). The systolic gradient across the aorta decreased from 40.6 mmHg before the procedure to 11.6 mmHg after the procedure (p<0.001). The mean fluoroscopy time was 5.7 minutes. Imaging examinations were scheduled and performed between six and 12 months after the initial procedure in 40 patients (angiography or angio CT or both). Procedural outcome remained favourable during a mean 2.4 years of follow-up. Neither stent fracture nor dislocation was observed in any patient at follow-up. In two patients, small aneurysm formation was observed six and eight months after the procedure -they were treated successfully with subsequent covered stent implantation. Re-dilatation of the implanted stent was performed between four and 26 months in 14 patients. CONCLUSIONS Implantation of new large cobalt-chromium stents is a good therapeutic option for the treatment of native and recurrent CoA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Fiszer
- Department of Congenital Heart Diseases and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia - Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Zabrze, Poland
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Hascoët S, Jalal Z, Baruteau A, Mauri L, Chalard A, Bouzguenda I, Piéchaud JF, Thambo JB, Lefort B, Guérin P, Le Gloan L, Acar P, Houeijeh A, Godart F, Fraisse A. Stenting in paediatric and adult congenital heart diseases: A French multicentre study in the current era. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 108:650-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Haas NA, Happel CM, Blanz U, Laser KT, Kantzis M, Kececioglu D, Sandica E. "Intraoperative hybrid stenting of recurrent coarctation and arch hypoplasia with large stents in patients with univentricular hearts". Int J Cardiol 2015; 204:156-63. [PMID: 26657614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.11.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstruction of the reconstructed aortic arch, tubular hypoplasia and recurrent coarctation (RC) is an important risk factor in univentricular physiology. For the past two years we have adopted the concept of intraoperative hybrid stenting of RC and arch hypoplasia with large stents in patients with univentricular hearts as standard care procedure. METHOD/RESULT Retrospective analysis of the anatomy and procedural outcome of 14 patients was scheduled for intraoperative stenting of the aortic arch (12 during surgery for BCPS, 2 during Fontan completion). The median age was 5.3 months, weight 5.5 kg, height 62 cm. Five patients had tubular hypoplasia and 9 patients had distal stenosis of the aortic arch. Nine patients had a previous balloon dilatation. The mean diameter of the distal arch was 11.0mm, at the coarctation 5.1mm, at the level of the diaphragm 8.2mm (CoA-index 0.62). Intraoperative stenting was performed in 13/14 patients. Stents were implanted with a mean balloon diameter of 10.8mm (SD 3.4mm). The achieved final mean diameter was 9.8mm (mean, SD 2.8mm) with an oversized Coa-index of 1.2. There was no re-coarctation at a mean follow-up of 7.3 months (range 3 to 24), the maximum flow velocity of 2m/s across the stented lesion assessed by ECHO. CONCLUSION This hybrid approach is an easy and safe concept to manage recurrent aortic arch hypoplasia and stenosis. The use of large stents allows redilatation to adult size diameters later on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus A Haas
- Department for Congenital Heart Defects, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Department for Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, LMU-Campus Großhadern, Germany.
| | - Christoph M Happel
- Department for Congenital Heart Defects, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Ute Blanz
- Department for Surgery of Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Centre North Rhine Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Kai Thorsten Laser
- Department for Congenital Heart Defects, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Marinos Kantzis
- Department for Congenital Heart Defects, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Deniz Kececioglu
- Department for Congenital Heart Defects, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Eugen Sandica
- Department for Surgery of Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Centre North Rhine Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
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Hascoët S, Baruteau A, Jalal Z, Mauri L, Acar P, Elbaz M, Boudjemline Y, Fraisse A. Stents in paediatric and adult congenital interventional cardiac catheterization. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 107:462-75. [PMID: 25128078 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A 'stent' is a tubular meshed endoprosthesis that has contributed to the development of interventional catheterization over the past 30 years. In congenital heart diseases, stents have offered new solutions to the treatment of congenital vessel stenosis or postsurgical lesions, to maintain or close shunt patency, and to allow transcatheter valve replacement. First, stents were made of bare metal. Then, stent frameworks evolved to achieve a better compromise between radial strength and flexibility. However, almost all stents used currently in children have not been approved for vascular lesions in children and are therefore used 'off-label'. Furthermore, the inability of stents to follow natural vessel growth still limits their use in low-weight children and infants. Recently, bioresorbable stents have been manufactured and may overcome this issue; they are made from materials that may dissolve or be absorbed in the body. In this review, we aim to describe the history of stent development, the technical characteristics of stents used currently, the clinical applications and results, and the latest technological developments and perspectives in paediatric and adult congenital cardiac catheterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Hascoët
- Groupe de cathétérisme interventionnel pédiatrique et congénital, filiale de cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale de la Société française de cardiologie, France; M3C CHU Toulouse, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Paul-Sabatier University, 31059 Toulouse, France; Inserm UMR 1048, Équipe 8, I2MC, institut des maladies métaboliques et cardiovasculaires, Paul-Sabatier University, 31432 Toulouse, France; CHU Toulouse, Department of Cardiology, Rangueil Hospital, Paul-Sabatier University, 31400 Toulouse, France.
| | - Alban Baruteau
- Groupe de cathétérisme interventionnel pédiatrique et congénital, filiale de cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale de la Société française de cardiologie, France; M3C Marie-Lannelongue Hospital, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Paris Sud University, 92350 Paris, France; Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR6291, institut du thorax, Nantes University, 70721 Nantes, France
| | - Zakaria Jalal
- Groupe de cathétérisme interventionnel pédiatrique et congénital, filiale de cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale de la Société française de cardiologie, France; M3C CHU Bordeaux, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Haut l'Évêque Hospital, 33600 Bordeaux, France
| | - Lucia Mauri
- Groupe de cathétérisme interventionnel pédiatrique et congénital, filiale de cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale de la Société française de cardiologie, France; M3C CHU Marseille, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, La Timone Hospital, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Acar
- Groupe de cathétérisme interventionnel pédiatrique et congénital, filiale de cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale de la Société française de cardiologie, France; M3C CHU Toulouse, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Paul-Sabatier University, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Meyer Elbaz
- CHU Toulouse, Department of Cardiology, Rangueil Hospital, Paul-Sabatier University, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Younes Boudjemline
- Groupe de cathétérisme interventionnel pédiatrique et congénital, filiale de cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale de la Société française de cardiologie, France; M3C Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paediatric Cardiology, Paris 5 René Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France; M3C Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Adult Congenital Cardiology, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alain Fraisse
- Groupe de cathétérisme interventionnel pédiatrique et congénital, filiale de cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale de la Société française de cardiologie, France; M3C CHU Marseille, Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, La Timone Hospital, 13385 Marseille, France
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Quandt D, Ramchandani B, Bhole V, Penford G, Mehta C, Dhillon R, Stumper O. Initial experience with the cook formula balloon expandable stent in congenital heart disease. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2014; 85:259-66. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.25543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Quandt
- The Heart UnitBirmingham Children's HospitalBirmingham United Kingdom
| | | | - Vinay Bhole
- The Heart UnitBirmingham Children's HospitalBirmingham United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Penford
- The Heart UnitBirmingham Children's HospitalBirmingham United Kingdom
| | - Chetan Mehta
- The Heart UnitBirmingham Children's HospitalBirmingham United Kingdom
| | - Rami Dhillon
- The Heart UnitBirmingham Children's HospitalBirmingham United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Stumper
- The Heart UnitBirmingham Children's HospitalBirmingham United Kingdom
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