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Herrador JMH, Babor M, Brablíková M, Moghaddam MA, Vráblík A. Industrial sewage sludge direct liquefaction co-processing with tetralin or light cycle oil. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Babor M, Tišler Z, Kocík J, Hubáček J, Bačiak M, Herrador JMH. Bioethylene and biopropylene production from waste fat and rapeseed oil via catalytic hydrodeoxygenation and hydrocracking followed by pyrolysis. Chem Eng Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202200256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Babor
- ORLEN UniCRE, a.s. Revoluční 1521/84 Ústí nad Labem 400 01 Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Tišler
- ORLEN UniCRE, a.s. Revoluční 1521/84 Ústí nad Labem 400 01 Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kocík
- ORLEN UniCRE, a.s. Revoluční 1521/84 Ústí nad Labem 400 01 Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hubáček
- ORLEN UniCRE, a.s. Revoluční 1521/84 Ústí nad Labem 400 01 Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Bačiak
- ENRESS s.r.o. V zářezu 902/4, Jinonice (Praha 5) Praha 158 00 Czech Republic
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Biodiesel Is Dead: Long Life to Advanced Biofuels—A Comprehensive Critical Review. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15093173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Many countries are immersed in several strategies to reduce the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of internal combustion engines. One option is the substitution of these engines by electric and/or hydrogen engines. However, apart from the strategic and logistical difficulties associated with this change, the application of electric or hydrogen engines in heavy transport, e.g., trucks, shipping, and aircrafts, also presents technological difficulties in the short-medium term. In addition, the replacement of the current car fleet will take decades. This is why the use of biofuels is presented as the only viable alternative to diminishing CO2 emissions in the very near future. Nowadays, it is assumed that vegetable oils will be the main raw material for replacing fossil fuels in diesel engines. In this context, it has also been assumed that the reduction in the viscosity of straight vegetable oils (SVO) must be performed through a transesterification reaction with methanol in order to obtain the mixture of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) that constitute biodiesel. Nevertheless, the complexity in the industrial production of this biofuel, mainly due to the costs of eliminating the glycerol produced, has caused a significant delay in the energy transition. For this reason, several advanced biofuels that avoid the glycerol production and exhibit similar properties to fossil diesel have been developed. In this way, “green diesels” have emerged as products of different processes, such as the cracking or pyrolysis of vegetable oil, as well as catalytic (hydro)cracking. In addition, some biodiesel-like biofuels, such as Gliperol (DMC-Biod) or Ecodiesel, as well as straight vegetable oils, in blends with plant-based sources with low viscosity have been described as renewable biofuels capable of performing in combustion ignition engines. After evaluating the research carried out in the last decades, it can be concluded that green diesel and biodiesel-like biofuels could constitute the main alternative to addressing the energy transition, although green diesel will be the principal option in aviation fuel.
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The Catalysed Transformation of Vegetable Oils or Animal Fats to Biofuels and Bio-Lubricants: A Review. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11091118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review paper summarizes the current state-of-the-art of the chemical transformation of oils/fats (i.e., triacylglycerols) to the use of biofuels or bio-lubricants in the means of transport, which is a novelty. The chemical transformation is necessary to obtain products that are more usable with properties corresponding to fuels synthesized from crude oil. Two types of fuels are described—biodiesel (the mixture of methyl esters produced by transesterification) and green diesel (paraffins produced by hydrogenation of oils). Moreover, three bio-lubricant synthesis methods are described. The transformation, which is usually catalysed, depends on: (i) the type and composition of the raw material, including alcohols for biodiesel production and hydrogen for green diesel; (ii) the type of the catalyst in the case of catalysed reactions; (iii) the reaction conditions; and (iv) types of final products. The most important catalysts, especially heterogeneous and including reaction conditions, for each product are described. The properties of biodiesel and green diesel and a comparison with diesel from crude oil are also discussed.
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Li H, Ma T, Shen Z, Li A, Yang J, Xiang D, Liu J, Deng S, Sun Y. Optimization of [Bmim][HSO
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]‐Catalyzed Transesterification of Camelina Oil. Chem Eng Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Anhui UniversityDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiulong Street 230601 Hefei China
| | - Tian Ma
- Anhui UniversityDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiulong Street 230601 Hefei China
| | - Zhensheng Shen
- Anhui UniversityDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiulong Street 230601 Hefei China
| | - An Li
- Anhui UniversityDepartment of Resources and Environmental Engineering Jiulong Street 230601 Hefei China
| | - Jie Yang
- Anhui UniversityDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiulong Street 230601 Hefei China
| | - Dong Xiang
- Anhui UniversityDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiulong Street 230601 Hefei China
| | - Jiuyi Liu
- Anhui UniversityDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiulong Street 230601 Hefei China
| | - Shuguang Deng
- Arizona State UniversityDepartment of Transport and Energy 551 E. Tyler Mall 85287 Tempe USA
| | - Yingqiang Sun
- Anhui UniversityDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiulong Street 230601 Hefei China
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Abstract
The delay in the energy transition, focused in the replacement of fossil diesel with biodiesel, is mainly caused by the need of reducing the costs associated to the transesterification reaction of vegetable oils with methanol. This reaction, on an industrial scale, presents several problems associated with the glycerol generated during the process. The costs to eliminate this glycerol have to be added to the implicit cost of using seed oil as raw material. Recently, several alternative methods to convert vegetable oils into high quality diesel fuels, which avoid the glycerol generation, are being under development, such as Gliperol, DMC-Biod, or Ecodiesel. Besides, there are renewable diesel fuels known as “green diesel”, obtained by several catalytic processes (cracking or pyrolysis, hydrodeoxygenation and hydrotreating) of vegetable oils and which exhibit a lot of similarities with fossil fuels. Likewise, it has also been addressed as a novel strategy, the use of straight vegetable oils in blends with various plant-based sources such as alcohols, vegetable oils, and several organic compounds that are renewable and biodegradable. These plant-based sources are capable of achieving the effective reduction of the viscosity of the blends, allowing their use in combustion ignition engines. The aim of this review is to evaluate the real possibilities that conventional biodiesel has in order to success as the main biofuel for the energy transition, as well as the use of alternative biofuels that can take part in the energy transition in a successful way.
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Zhang Z, Zhang X, Wang Q. Influence of Impurities and Oxidation on Hydroconversion of Waste Cooking Oil into Bio‐jet Fuel. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Zhang
- Civil Aviation University of ChinaCollege of Airport Engineering 300300 Tianjin China
- Tianjin UniversityKey Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Tianjin UniversityKey Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Qingfa Wang
- Tianjin UniversityKey Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology 300072 Tianjin China
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