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Abstract
Fluorinated carbohydrates have found many applications in the glycosciences. Typically, these contain fluorination at a single position. There are not many applications involving polyfluorinated carbohydrates, here defined as monosaccharides in which more than one carbon has at least one fluorine substituent directly attached to it, with the notable exception of their use as mechanism-based inhibitors. The increasing attention to carbohydrate physical properties, especially around lipophilicity, has resulted in a surge of interest for this class of compounds. This review covers the considerable body of work toward the synthesis of polyfluorinated hexoses, pentoses, ketosugars, and aminosugars including sialic acids and nucleosides. An overview of the current state of the art of their glycosidation is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kler Huonnic
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
- Department
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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2
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Exploiting photoredox catalysis for carbohydrate modification through C–H and C–C bond activation. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:782-805. [PMID: 37118094 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Photoredox catalysis has recently emerged as a powerful synthetic platform for accessing complex chemical structures through non-traditional bond disconnection strategies that proceed through free-radical intermediates. Such synthetic strategies have been used for a range of organic transformations; however, in carbohydrate chemistry they have primarily been applied to the generation of oxocarbenium ion intermediates in the ubiquitous glycosylation reaction. In this Review, we present more intricate light-induced synthetic strategies to modify native carbohydrates through homolytic C-H and C-C bond cleavage. These strategies allow access to glycans and glycoconjugates with profoundly altered carbohydrate skeletons, which are challenging to obtain through conventional synthetic means. Carbohydrate derivatives with such structural motifs represent a broad class of natural products integral to numerous biochemical processes and can be found in active pharmaceutical substances. Here we present progress made in C-H and C-C bond activation of carbohydrates through photoredox catalysis, focusing on the operational mechanisms and the scope of the described methodologies.
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3
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Borodkin GI, Shubin VG. Electrophilic Fluorination of Heterocyclic Compounds with NF Reagents in Unconventional Media. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-022-03060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Santana AG, Herrera AJ, González CC. Intramolecular Metal-Free C(sp 3)-H Activation Enables a Selective Mono O-Debenzylation of Fully Protected Aminosugars. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16736-16752. [PMID: 34807601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbamate-bearing benzylated aminosugars undergo an I2/I(III)-promoted intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer (IHAT) followed by a nucleophilic attack to provide polycyclic structures. Thus, suitably positioned benzyl ethers are surgically oxidized into the corresponding mixed N/O-benzylidene acetals, which can be conveniently deprotected under mild acidic conditions to grant access to selectively O-deprotected aminosugars amenable for further derivatization. The scope of this strategy has been proven with a series of furanosic and pyranosic scaffolds. Preliminary mechanistic studies, including Hammett LFER and KIE analyses, support a reaction pathway with nucleophilic cyclization as the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés G Santana
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C., Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Antonio J Herrera
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C., Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Concepción C González
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C., Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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5
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Lainé D, Lessard O, St-Gelais J, Giguère D. From Carbohydrates to Complex Organofluorines: Synthesis, Conformation, and Lipophilicity of Multivicinal-Fluorine-Containing Hexitol Analogues. Chemistry 2021; 27:3799-3805. [PMID: 33290627 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the preparation of fluorine-containing organic molecules. Multivicinal-fluorine analogues are among the most intriguing and promising compounds, but their physical and biological investigations are held back by challenging syntheses. Herein, we report on the synthesis of a large set of novel polyfluorohexitols. The dominant solution-state conformation of all trifluorohexitols was determined, and the solid-state conformations of some analogues were compared. Finally, the lipophilicity of a large set of polyfluorinated hexopyranose and hexitol analogues was attributed by using a log P determination method based on 19 F NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Lainé
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Olivier Lessard
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jacob St-Gelais
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Denis Giguère
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
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6
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Santana AG, González CC. Tandem Radical Fragmentation/Cyclization of Guanidinylated Monosaccharides Grants Access to Medium-Sized Polyhydroxylated Heterocycles. Org Lett 2020; 22:8492-8495. [PMID: 33074675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The fragmentation of anomeric alkoxyl radicals (ARF) and the subsequent cyclization promoted by hypervalent iodine provide an excellent method for the synthesis of guanidino-sugars. The methodology described herein is one of the few existing general methodologies for the formation of medium-sized exo- and endoguanidine-containing heterocycles presenting a high degree of oxygenation in their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés G Santana
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C., Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Concepción C González
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C., Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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7
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Dai Y, Hartke R, Li C, Yang Q, Liu JO, Wang LX. Synthetic Fluorinated l-Fucose Analogs Inhibit Proliferation of Cancer Cells and Primary Endothelial Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2662-2672. [PMID: 32930566 PMCID: PMC10901565 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fucosylation is one of the most prevalent modifications on N- and O-glycans of glycoproteins, and it plays an important role in various cellular processes and diseases. Small molecule inhibitors of fucosylation have shown promise as therapeutic agents for sickle cell disease, arthritis, and cancer. We describe here the design and synthesis of a panel of fluorinated l-fucose analogs bearing fluorine atoms at the C2 and/or C6 positions of l-fucose as metabolic fucosylation inhibitors. Preliminary study of their effects on cell proliferation revealed that the 6,6-difluoro-l-fucose (3) and 6,6,6-trifluoro-l-fucose (6) showed significant inhibitory activity against proliferation of human colon cancer cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In contrast, the previously reported 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-l-fucose (1) had no apparent effects on proliferations of all the cell lines tested. To understand the mechanism of cell proliferation inhibition by the fluorinated l-fucose analogs, we performed chemoenzymatic synthesis of the corresponding GDP-fluorinated l-fucose analogs and tested their inhibitory activities against the mammalian α1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8). Interestingly, the corresponding GDP derivatives of 6,6-difluoro-l-fucose (3) and 6,6,6-trifluoro-l-fucose (6), which are the stronger proliferation inhibitors, showed much weaker inhibitory activity against FUT8 than that of the 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-l-fucose (1). These results suggest that FUT8 is not the major target of the 6-fluorinated fucose analogs (3 and 6). Instead, other factors, such as the key enzymes involved in the de novo GDP-fucose biosynthetic pathway and/or other fucosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of tumor-associated glyco-epitopes are most likely the targets of the fluorinated l-fucose analogs to achieve cell proliferation inhibition. To our knowledge, this is the first comparative study of various fluorinated l-fucose analogs for suppressing the proliferation of human cancer and primary endothelial cells required for angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Ruth Hartke
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jun O Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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8
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Hernández-Guerra D, Kennedy AR, León EI, Martín Á, Pérez-Martín I, Rodríguez MS, Suárez E. Synthetic Approaches to Phosphasugars (2-oxo-1,2-oxaphosphacyclanes) Using the Anomeric Alkoxyl Radical β-Fragmentation Reaction as the Key Step. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4861-4880. [PMID: 32174121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The anomeric alkoxyl radical β-fragmentation (ARF) of carbohydrates possessing an electron-withdrawing group (EWG) at C2, promoted by PhI(OAc)2/I2, gives rise to an acyclic iodide through which a pentavalent atom of phosphorus can be introduced via the Arbuzov reaction. After selective hydrolysis and subsequent cyclization, the phosphonate or phosphinate intermediates can be converted into 2-deoxy-1-phosphahexopyranose and 2-deoxy-1-phosphapentopyranose sugars. The ARF of carbohydrates with an electron-donor group (EDG) at C2 proceeds by a radical-polar crossover mechanism, and the cyclization occurs by nucleophilic attack of a conveniently positioned phosphonate or phosphinate group to the transient oxocarbenium ion. This alternative methodology leads to 5-phosphasugars with a 4-deoxy-5-phosphapentopyranose framework. The structure and conformation of the 2-oxo-1,2-oxaphosphinane and 2-oxo-1,2-oxaphospholane ring systems in different carbohydrate models have been studied by NMR and X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hernández-Guerra
- Sı́ntesis de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologı́a del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alan R Kennedy
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, U.K
| | - Elisa I León
- Sı́ntesis de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologı́a del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ángeles Martín
- Sı́ntesis de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologı́a del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Inés Pérez-Martín
- Sı́ntesis de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologı́a del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - María S Rodríguez
- Sı́ntesis de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologı́a del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ernesto Suárez
- Sı́ntesis de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologı́a del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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Fluorinated Galactoses Inhibit Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase and Metabolically Induce Galactosemia-like Phenotypes in HEK-293 Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030607. [PMID: 32138379 PMCID: PMC7140460 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic defects of human galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (hGALT) and the partial loss of enzyme function result in an altered galactose metabolism with serious long-term developmental impairment of organs in classic galactosemia patients. In search for cellular pathomechanisms induced by the stressor galactose, we looked for ways to induce metabolically a galactosemia-like phenotype by hGALT inhibition in HEK293 cells. In kinetic studies, we provide evidence for 2-fluorinated galactose-1-phosphate (F-Gal-1-P) to competitively inhibit recombinant hGALT with a KI of 0.9 mM. Contrasting with hepatic cells, no alterations of N-glycoprofiles in MIG (metabolic induction of galactosemia)-HEK293 cells were revealed for an inducible secretory netrin-1 probe by MALDI-MS. Differential fluorescence-activated cell sorting demonstrated reduced surface expression of N-glycosylated CD109, EGFR, DPP4, and rhMUC1. Membrane raft proteomes exhibited dramatic alterations pointing to an affection of the unfolded protein response, and of targeted protein traffick. Most prominent, a negative regulation of oxidative stress was revealed presumably as a response to a NADPH pool depletion during reduction of Gal/F-Gal. Cellular perturbations induced by fluorinated galactoses in normal epithelial cells resemble proteomic changes revealed for galactosemic fibroblasts. In conclusion, the metabolic induction of galactosemia-like phenotypes in healthy epithelial/neuronal cells could support studies on the molecular pathomechanisms in classic galactosemia, in particular under conditions of low galactose stress and residual GALT activity.
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10
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André-Joyaux E, Santana AG, González CC. Synthesis of Chiral Polyhydroxylated Benzimidazoles by a Tandem Radical Fragmentation/Cyclization Reaction: A Straight Avenue to Fused Aromatic-Carbohydrate Hybrids. J Org Chem 2019; 84:506-515. [PMID: 30589268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of benzimidazole-fused iminosugars through a tandem β-fragmentation-intramolecular cyclization reaction is described. The use of the benzimidazole ring as the internal nucleophile and the use of phenyliodosophthalate (PhI(Phth)), a new metal-free and low toxic hypervalent iodine reagent, are the most remarkable novelties of this synthetic strategy. With this approach, we have demonstrated the usefulness of the fragmentation of anomeric alkoxyl radicals promoted by the PhI(Phth)/I2 system for the preparation of new compounds with potential interest for both medicinal and synthetic chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emy André-Joyaux
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C. , Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3 , 38206 La Laguna , Tenerife , Spain
| | - Andrés G Santana
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C. , Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3 , 38206 La Laguna , Tenerife , Spain
| | - Concepción C González
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C. , Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3 , 38206 La Laguna , Tenerife , Spain
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11
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Zhu JS, McCormick NE, Timmons SC, Jakeman DL. Synthesis of α-Deoxymono and Difluorohexopyranosyl 1-Phosphates and Kinetic Evaluation with Thymidylyl- and Guanidylyltransferases. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8816-8825. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-She Zhu
- College
of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, 5968 College Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada
| | - Nicole E. McCormick
- College
of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, 5968 College Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada
| | - Shannon C. Timmons
- Department
of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - David L. Jakeman
- College
of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, 5968 College Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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Miao W, Ni C, Zhao Y, Hu J. Nucleophilic Iododifluoromethylation of Carbonyl Compounds Using Difluoromethyl 2-Pyridyl Sulfone. Org Lett 2016; 18:2766-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Miao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chuanfa Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanchuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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13
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Hernández-Guerra D, Rodríguez MS, Suárez E. Fragmentation of Carbohydrate Anomeric Alkoxyl Radicals: Synthesis of Chiral Polyhydroxylated β-Iodo- and Alkenylorganophosphorus(V) Compounds. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Santana AG, Paz NR, Francisco CG, Suárez E, González CC. Synthesis of Branched Iminosugars through a Hypervalent Iodine(III)-Mediated Radical-Polar Crossover Reaction. J Org Chem 2013; 78:7527-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401041s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés G. Santana
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La
Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Nieves R. Paz
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La
Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Cosme G. Francisco
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La
Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ernesto Suárez
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La
Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Concepción C. González
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La
Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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15
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Paz NR, Santana AG, Francisco CG, Suárez E, González CC. Synthesis of Tetrazole-Fused Glycosides by a Tandem Fragmentation–Cyclization Reaction. Org Lett 2012; 14:3388-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3013638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nieves R. Paz
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C., Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Andrés G. Santana
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C., Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Cosme G. Francisco
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C., Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ernesto Suárez
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C., Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Concepción C. González
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C., Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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16
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Zhao Y, Gao B, Hu J. From Olefination to Alkylation: In-Situ Halogenation of Julia–Kocienski Intermediates Leading to Formal Nucleophilic Iodo- and Bromodifluoromethylation of Carbonyl Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:5790-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja301601b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanchuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory
of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bing Gao
- Key Laboratory
of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory
of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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17
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Monrad RN, Madsen R. Modern methods for shortening and extending the carbon chain in carbohydrates at the anomeric center. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Bietti M, DiLabio GA, Lanzalunga O, Salamone M. Electron Transfer Properties of Alkoxyl Radicals. A Time-Resolved Kinetic Study of the Reactions of the tert-Butoxyl, Cumyloxyl, and Benzyloxyl Radicals with Alkyl Ferrocenes. J Org Chem 2010; 75:5875-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jo100931a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bietti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1 I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gino A. DiLabio
- National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council of Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2M9
| | - Osvaldo Lanzalunga
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma and Istituto CNR di Metodologie Chimiche (IMC−CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P. le A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Salamone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1 I-00133 Rome, Italy
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Bietti M, Calcagni A, Cicero DO, Martella R, Salamone M. The O-neophyl rearrangement of 1,1-diarylalkoxyl radicals. Experimental evidence for the formation of an intermediate 1-oxaspiro[2,5]octadienyl radical. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.05.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Hartung J, Schur C, Kempter I, Gottwald T. Efficiency of alkoxyl radical product formation from 5-substituted 3-alkoxy-4-methylthiazole-2(3H)-thiones. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.11.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Ma Z, Zeng R, Yu Y, Ma S. Highly stereoselective synthesis of 6-perfluoroalkyl-6-fluoroalka-2,3,5-(Z)-trienols through carbometallation-elimination of 5-perfluoroalkyl-substituted 4(E)-alken-2-ynols with Grignard reagents. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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