1
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Liu D, Bauer N, Lu W, Yang X, Wang B. On the Question of Uncatalyzed CO Insertion into a Hydrazone Double Bond: A Comparative Study Using Different CO Sources and Substrates. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9551-9556. [PMID: 38888488 PMCID: PMC11232009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Because of endogenous signaling roles of carbon monoxide (CO) and its demonstrated pharmacological effects, there has been extensive interests in developing fluorescent CO probes. Palladium-mediated CO insertion has been successfully used for such applications. However, recent years have seen many publications of using uncatalyzed CO insertion into a hydrazone double bond as a way to sense CO. Such chemistry has no precedents otherwise. Further, the rigor of the CO-sensing work was largely based on using ruthenium-carbonyl complexes such as CORM-3 as CO surrogates, which have been reported to have extensive chemical reactivity and to release largely CO2 instead of CO unless in the presence of a strong nucleophile such as dithionite. For all of these, it is important to reassess the feasibility of such a CO-insertion reaction. By studying two of the reported "CO probes" using CO gas, this study finds no evidence of CO insertion into a hydrazone double bond. Further, the chemical reaction between CO gas and a series of eight hydrazone compounds was conducted, leading to the same conclusion. Such findings are consistent with the state-of-the-art knowledge of carbonylation chemistry and do not support uncatalyzed CO insertion as a mechanism for developing fluorescent CO probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongning Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Nicola Bauer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Wen Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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2
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Snabilié DD, Ham R, Reek JNH, de Bruin B. Light Induced Cobalt(III) Carbene Radical Formation from Dimethyl Malonate As Carbene Precursor. Organometallics 2024; 43:1299-1307. [PMID: 38873572 PMCID: PMC11167645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.4c00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Radical-type carbene transfer catalysis is an efficient method for the direct functionalization of C-H and C=C bonds. However, carbene radical complexes are currently formed via high-energy carbene precursors, such as diazo compounds or iodonium ylides. Many of these carbene precursors require additional synthetic steps, have an explosive nature, or generate halogenated waste. Consequently, the utilization of carbene radical catalysis is limited by specific carbene precursors that access the carbene radical intermediate. In this study, we generate a cobalt(III) carbene radical complex from dimethyl malonate, which is commercially available and bench-stable. EPR and NMR spectroscopy were used to identify the intermediates and showed that the cobalt(III) carbene radical complex is formed upon light irradiation. In the presence of styrene, carbene transfer occurred, forming cyclopropane as the product. With this photochemical method, we demonstrate that dimethyl malonate can be used as an alternative carbene precursor in the formation of a cobalt(III) carbene radical complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demi D. Snabilié
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam,
Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Rens Ham
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam,
Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam,
Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam,
Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
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3
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Das S, Ehlers AW, Patra S, de Bruin B, Chattopadhyay B. Iron-Catalyzed Intermolecular C-N Cross-Coupling Reactions via Radical Activation Mechanism. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37390369 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
A concept for intermolecular C-N cross-coupling amination has been discovered using tetrazoles and aromatic and aliphatic azides with boronic acids under iron-catalyzed conditions. The amination follows an unprecedented metalloradical activation mechanism that is different from traditional metal-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling reactions. The scope of the reaction has been demonstrated by the employment of a large number of tetrazoles, azides, and boronic acids. Moreover, several late-stage aminations and a short synthesis of a drug candidate have been showcased for further synthetic utility. Collectively, this iron-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling should have wide applications in the context of medicinal chemistry, drug discovery, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Das
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Andreas W Ehlers
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sima Patra
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India
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4
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Epping RF, Vesseur D, Zhou M, de Bruin B. Carbene Radicals in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Reactions. ACS Catal 2023; 13:5428-5448. [PMID: 37123600 PMCID: PMC10127290 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Discovered as organometallic curiosities in the 1970s, carbene radicals have become a staple in modern-day homogeneous catalysis. Carbene radicals exhibit nucleophilic radical-type reactivity orthogonal to classical electrophilic diamagnetic Fischer carbenes. Their successful catalytic application has led to the synthesis of a myriad of carbo- and heterocycles, ranging from simple cyclopropanes to more challenging eight-membered rings. The field has matured to employ densely functionalized chiral porphyrin-based platforms that exhibit high enantio-, regio-, and stereoselectivity. Thus far the focus has largely been on cobalt-based systems, but interest has been growing for the past few years to expand the application of carbene radicals to other transition metals. This Perspective covers the advances made since 2011 and gives an overview on the coordination chemistry, reactivity, and catalytic application of carbene radical species using transition metal complexes and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roel F.J. Epping
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Vesseur
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Minghui Zhou
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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Yang H, Bao ZP, Wang LC, Wu XF. Copper-Catalyzed Direct Carbonylation of Carbenes toward the Synthesis of Propanedioic Acid Derivatives. Org Lett 2023; 25:1963-1968. [PMID: 36916775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbenes are highly active reaction intermediates, which can be used as reaction precursors to modify organisms, drugs, and material molecules. In this work, we realized a new cheap metal-catalyzed carbonylation of carbene to give propanedioic acid derivatives. With copper salt as the catalyst, synthetically important malonates and related compounds were produced in good yields under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefei Yang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Zhi-Peng Bao
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Le-Cheng Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
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6
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Roose TR, Preschel HD, Mayo Tejedor H, Roozee JC, Hamlin TA, Maes BUW, Ruijter E, Orru RVA. Iron-Catalysed Carbene Transfer to Isocyanides as a Platform for Heterocycle Synthesis. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203074. [PMID: 36305372 PMCID: PMC10108253 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An iron-catalysed carbene transfer reaction of diazo compounds to isocyanides has been developed. The resulting ketenimines are trapped in situ with various bisnucleophiles to access a range of densely functionalized heterocycles (pyrimidinones, dihydropyrazolones, 1H-tetrazoles) in a one-pot process. The electron-rich Hieber anion ([Fe(CO)3 NO]- ) facilitates efficient catalytic carbene transfer from acceptor-type α-diazo carbonyl compounds to isocyanides, providing a cost-efficient and benign alternative to similar noble metal-catalysed processes. Based on DFT calculations a plausible reaction mechanism for activation of the α-diazo carbonyl carbene precursor and ketenimine formation is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Roose
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences Amsterdam Institute for Molecular & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - H. Daniel Preschel
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences Amsterdam Institute for Molecular & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Helena Mayo Tejedor
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences Amsterdam Institute for Molecular & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jasper C. Roozee
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences Amsterdam Institute for Molecular & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Trevor A. Hamlin
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences Amsterdam Institute for Molecular & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Organic Synthesis Division Department of ChemistryUniversity of AntwerpGroenenborgerlaan 171B-2020AntwerpBelgium
| | - Eelco Ruijter
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences Amsterdam Institute for Molecular & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Romano V. A. Orru
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences Amsterdam Institute for Molecular & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Organic Chemistry Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM)Maastricht UniversityUrmonderbaan 226167 KDGeleenThe Netherlands
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7
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Roose TR, Verdoorn DS, Mampuys P, Ruijter E, Maes BUW, Orru RVA. Transition metal-catalysed carbene- and nitrene transfer to carbon monoxide and isocyanides. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5842-5877. [PMID: 35748338 PMCID: PMC9580617 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00305d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalysed carbene- and nitrene transfer to the C1-building blocks carbon monoxide and isocyanides provides heteroallenes (i.e. ketenes, isocyanates, ketenimines and carbodiimides). These are versatile and reactive compounds allowing in situ transformation towards numerous functional groups and organic compounds, including heterocycles. Both one-pot and tandem processes have been developed providing valuable synthetic methods for the organic chemistry toolbox. This review discusses all known transition metal-catalysed carbene- and nitrene transfer reactions towards carbon monoxide and isocyanides and in situ transformation of the heteroallenes hereby obtained, with a special focus on the general mechanistic considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Roose
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - D S Verdoorn
- Organic Chemistry, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167RD Geleen, The Netherlands.
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - P Mampuys
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - E Ruijter
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - B U W Maes
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - R V A Orru
- Organic Chemistry, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167RD Geleen, The Netherlands.
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8
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Reek JNH, de Bruin B, Pullen S, Mooibroek TJ, Kluwer AM, Caumes X. Transition Metal Catalysis Controlled by Hydrogen Bonding in the Second Coordination Sphere. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12308-12369. [PMID: 35593647 PMCID: PMC9335700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal catalysis is of utmost importance for the development of sustainable processes in academia and industry. The activity and selectivity of metal complexes are typically the result of the interplay between ligand and metal properties. As the ligand can be chemically altered, a large research focus has been on ligand development. More recently, it has been recognized that further control over activity and selectivity can be achieved by using the "second coordination sphere", which can be seen as the region beyond the direct coordination sphere of the metal center. Hydrogen bonds appear to be very useful interactions in this context as they typically have sufficient strength and directionality to exert control of the second coordination sphere, yet hydrogen bonds are typically very dynamic, allowing fast turnover. In this review we have highlighted several key features of hydrogen bonding interactions and have summarized the use of hydrogen bonding to program the second coordination sphere. Such control can be achieved by bridging two ligands that are coordinated to a metal center to effectively lead to supramolecular bidentate ligands. In addition, hydrogen bonding can be used to preorganize a substrate that is coordinated to the metal center. Both strategies lead to catalysts with superior properties in a variety of metal catalyzed transformations, including (asymmetric) hydrogenation, hydroformylation, C-H activation, oxidation, radical-type transformations, and photochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,InCatT B.V., Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Pullen
- Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tiddo J Mooibroek
- Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Xavier Caumes
- InCatT B.V., Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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9
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Zhou M, Wolzak LA, Li Z, de Zwart FJ, Mathew S, de Bruin B. Catalytic Synthesis of 1 H-2-Benzoxocins: Cobalt(III)-Carbene Radical Approach to 8-Membered Heterocyclic Enol Ethers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20501-20512. [PMID: 34802239 PMCID: PMC8662738 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The metallo-radical activation of ortho-allylcarbonyl-aryl N-arylsulfonylhydrazones with the paramagnetic cobalt(II) porphyrin catalyst [CoII(TPP)] (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrin) provides an efficient and powerful method for the synthesis of novel 8-membered heterocyclic enol ethers. The synthetic protocol is versatile and practical and enables the synthesis of a wide range of unique 1H-2-benzoxocins in high yields. The catalytic cyclization reactions proceed with excellent chemoselectivities, have a high functional group tolerance, and provide several opportunities for the synthesis of new bioactive compounds. The reactions are shown to proceed via cobalt(III)-carbene radical intermediates, which are involved in intramolecular hydrogen transfer (HAT) from the allylic position to the carbene radical, followed by a near-barrierless radical rebound step in the coordination sphere of cobalt. The proposed mechanism is supported by experimental observations, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and spin trapping experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhou
- Homogeneous,
Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group, Van ‘t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas A. Wolzak
- Homogeneous,
Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group, Van ‘t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zirui Li
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333
CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Felix J. de Zwart
- Homogeneous,
Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group, Van ‘t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Mathew
- Homogeneous,
Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group, Van ‘t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous,
Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group, Van ‘t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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van Leest N, de Zwart FJ, Zhou M, de Bruin B. Controlling Radical-Type Single-Electron Elementary Steps in Catalysis with Redox-Active Ligands and Substrates. JACS AU 2021; 1:1101-1115. [PMID: 34467352 PMCID: PMC8385710 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Advances in (spectroscopic) characterization of the unusual electronic structures of open-shell cobalt complexes bearing redox-active ligands, combined with detailed mapping of their reactivity, have uncovered several new catalytic radical-type protocols that make efficient use of the synergistic properties of redox-active ligands, redox-active substrates, and the metal to which they coordinate. In this perspective, we discuss the tools available to study, induce, and control catalytic radical-type reactions with redox-active ligands and/or substrates, contemplating recent developments in the field, including some noteworthy tools, methods, and reactions developed in our own group. The main topics covered are (i) tools to characterize redox-active ligands; (ii) novel synthetic applications of catalytic reactions that make use of redox-active carbene and nitrene substrates at open-shell cobalt-porphyrins; (iii) development of catalytic reactions that take advantage of purely ligand- and substrate-based redox processes, coupled to cobalt-centered spin-changing events in a synergistic manner; and (iv) utilization of redox-active ligands to influence the spin state of the metal. Redox-active ligands have emerged as useful tools to generate and control reactive metal-coordinated radicals, which give access to new synthetic methodologies and intricate (electronic) structures, some of which are yet to be exposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaas
P. van Leest
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired
Catalysis Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Felix J. de Zwart
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired
Catalysis Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Minghui Zhou
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired
Catalysis Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired
Catalysis Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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van Leest N, de Bruin B. Revisiting the Electronic Structure of Cobalt Porphyrin Nitrene and Carbene Radicals with NEVPT2-CASSCF Calculations: Doublet versus Quartet Ground States. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:8380-8387. [PMID: 34096281 PMCID: PMC8220492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt porphyrin complexes are established catalysts for carbene and nitrene radical group-transfer reactions. The key carbene and mono- and bisnitrene radical complexes coordinated to [Co(TPP)] (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrin) have previously been investigated with a variety of experimental techniques and supporting (single-reference) density functional theory (DFT) calculations that indicated doublet (S = 1/2) ground states for all three species. In this contribution, we revisit their electronic structures with multireference N-electron valence state perturbation theory (NEVPT2)-complete-active-space self-consistent-field (CASSCF) calculations to investigate possible multireference contributions to the ground-state wave functions. The carbene ([CoIII(TPP)(•CHCO2Et)]) and mononitrene ([CoIII(TPP)(•NNs)]) radical complexes were confirmed to have uncomplicated doublet ground states, although a higher carbene or nitrene radical character and a lower Co-C/N bond order was found in the NEVPT2-CASSCF calculations. Supported by electron paramagnetic resonance analysis and spin counting, paramagnetic molar susceptibility determination, and NEVPT2-CASSCF calculations, we report that the cobalt porphyrin bisnitrene complex ([CoIII(TPP•)(•NNs)2]) has a quartet (S = 3/2) spin ground state, with a thermally accesible multireference and multideterminant "broken-symmetry" doublet spin excited state. A spin flip on the porphyrin-centered unpaired electron allows for interconversion between the quartet and broken-symmetry doublet spin states, with an approximate 10-fold higher Boltzmann population of the quartet at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaas
P. van Leest
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular
and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, Van ’t Hoff Institute for
Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular
and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, Van ’t Hoff Institute for
Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Radolko J, Ehlers P, Langer P. Recent Advances in Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Reactions of N‐Tosylhydrazones. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Radolko
- Universität Rostock Institut für Chemie A.-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Peter Ehlers
- Universität Rostock Institut für Chemie A.-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Peter Langer
- Universität Rostock Institut für Chemie A.-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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13
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So J, Kim S, Cho KB, Lee Y. Metal-ligand cooperative transformation of alkyl azide to isocyanate occurring at a Co-Si moiety. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3219-3222. [PMID: 33645611 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08012h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A cobalt-silyl moiety reveals metal-ligand cooperative group transfer to generate isocyanate from the reaction of alkyl azide and CO. This reaction involves the reversible insertion of a nitrene group into a Co-Si bond. Photolysis leads to ligand substitution of a Co(CO)2 species, allowing the successful catalytic conversion of AdN3 to AdNCO under CO(g).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongho So
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Wang P, Yang D, Liu H. Recent Advances on the Synthesis of β-Lactams by Involving Carbon Monoxide. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202104060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Zhang Z, Gevorgyan V. Co-Catalyzed Transannulation of Pyridotriazoles with Isothiocyanates and Xanthate Esters. Org Lett 2020; 22:8500-8504. [PMID: 33044833 PMCID: PMC7655727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An efficient radical transannulation reaction of pyridotriazoles with isothiocyanates and xanthate esters was developed. This method features conversion of pyridotriazoles into two N-fused heterocyclic aromatic systems-imino-thiazolopyridines and oxo-thiazolopyridine derivatives-via one-step Co(II)-catalyzed transannulation reaction proceeding via a radical mechanism. The synthetic usefulness of the developed method was illustrated in the synthesis of amino acid derivatives and further transformations of obtained reaction products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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16
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Casali E, Gallo E, Toma L. An In-Depth Computational Study of Alkene Cyclopropanation Catalyzed by Fe(porphyrin)(OCH 3) Complexes. The Environmental Effects on the Energy Barriers. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11329-11336. [PMID: 32799510 PMCID: PMC8009515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Iron porphyrin methoxy complexes, of the general formula [Fe(porphyrin)(OCH3)], are able to catalyze the reaction of diazo compounds with alkenes to give cyclopropane products with very high efficiency and selectivity. The overall mechanism of these reactions was thoroughly investigated with the aid of a computational approach based on density functional theory calculations. The energy profile for the processes catalyzed by the oxidized [FeIII(Por)(OCH3)] (Por = porphine) as well as the reduced [FeII(Por)(OCH3)]- forms of the iron porphyrin was determined. The main reaction step is the same in both of the cases, that is, the one leading to the terminal-carbene intermediate [Fe(Por)(OCH3)(CHCO2Et)] with simultaneous dinitrogen loss; however, the reduced species performs much better than the oxidized one. Contrarily to the iron(III) profile in which the carbene intermediate is directly obtained from the starting reactant complex, the favored iron(II) process is more intricate. The initially formed reactant adduct between [FeII(Por)(OCH3)]- and ethyl diazoacetate (EDA) is converted into a closer reactant adduct, which is in turn converted into the terminal iron porphyrin carbene [Fe(Por)(OCH3)(CHCO2Et)]-. The two corresponding transition states are almost isoenergetic, thus raising the question of whether the rate-determining step corresponds to dinitrogen loss or to the previous structural and electronic rearrangement. The ethylene addition to the terminal carbene is a downhill process, which, on the open-shell singlet surface, presents a defined but probably short-living diradicaloid intermediate, though other spin-state surfaces do not show this intermediate allowing a direct access to the cyclopropane product. For the crucial stationary points, the more complex catalyst [Fe(2)(OCH3)], in which a sterically hindered chiral bulk is mounted onto the porphyrin, was investigated. The corresponding computational data disclose the very significant effect of the porphyrin skeleton on the reaction energy profile. Though the geometrical features around the reactive core of the system remain unchanged, the energy barriers become much lower, thus revealing the profound effects that can be exerted by the three-dimensional organic scaffold surrounding the reaction site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Casali
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Emma Gallo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Lucio Toma
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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17
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Sinha S, Das S, Mondal R, Mandal S, Paul ND. Cobalt complexes of redox noninnocent azo-aromatic pincers. Isolation, characterization, and application as catalysts for the synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:8448-8459. [PMID: 32239054 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00394h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis, characterization and catalytic application of three new cobalt(ii)-complexes of redox noninnocent arylazo ligands, 2-(phenylazo)-1,10-phenanthroline (L1a), 2-(4-chlorophenylazo)-1,10-phenanthroline (L1b) and 2,9-bis(phenyldiazo)-1,10-phenanthroline (L2) respectively. The reaction of L1a with CoIICl2·6H2O produced a μ-dichloro bridged binuclear cobalt(ii)-complex [Co(L1a)2Cl2] (1a) while the same reaction when carried out with 2-(4-chlorophenyl)azo-1,10-phenanthroline (L1b) and 2,9-bis(phenyldiazo)-1,10-phenanthroline (L2) ligands produced two new mononuclear five-coordinate cobalt(ii)-complexes 1b and 2 respectively. In complex 1a and 1b, the ligands L1a and L1b are coordinated to the cobalt(ii)-center in a tridentate mode utilizing all of its nitrogen donor sites while in complex 2 one of the azo-donor sites of the ligand L2 remain pendant. All these complexes were characterized using available spectroscopic techniques and DFT studies. We further explored the potential of these complexes as catalysts for the synthesis of pharmaceutically important organic compounds via the functionalization of alcohols. A variety of substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-ones were synthesized under aerobic conditions via the coupling of alcohols and 2-aminobenzamide using 1b as the catalyst. Mechanistic investigations revealed that both cobalt and the arylazo scaffold act synergistically during catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India.
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18
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Zhou M, Lankelma M, Vlugt JI, Bruin B. Catalytic Synthesis of 8‐Membered Ring Compounds via Cobalt(III)‐Carbene Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhou
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis group (HomKat)Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA) Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Marianne Lankelma
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis group (HomKat)Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA) Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jarl Ivar Vlugt
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis group (HomKat)Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA) Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bas Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis group (HomKat)Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA) Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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19
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Zhou M, Lankelma M, van der Vlugt JI, de Bruin B. Catalytic Synthesis of 8-Membered Ring Compounds via Cobalt(III)-Carbene Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11073-11079. [PMID: 32259369 PMCID: PMC7317878 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The metalloradical activation of o-aryl aldehydes with tosylhydrazide and a cobalt(II) porphyrin catalyst produces cobalt(III)-carbene radical intermediates, providing a new and powerful strategy for the synthesis of medium-sized ring structures. Herein we make use of the intrinsic radical-type reactivity of cobalt(III)-carbene radical intermediates in the [CoII (TPP)]-catalyzed (TPP=tetraphenylporphyrin) synthesis of two types of 8-membered ring compounds; novel dibenzocyclooctenes and unprecedented monobenzocyclooctadienes. The method was successfully applied to afford a variety of 8-membered ring compounds in good yields and with excellent substituent tolerance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental results suggest that the reactions proceed via hydrogen atom transfer from the bis-allylic/benzallylic C-H bond to the carbene radical, followed by two divergent processes for ring-closure to the two different types of 8-membered ring products. While the dibenzocyclooctenes are most likely formed by dissociation of o-quinodimethanes (o-QDMs) which undergo a non-catalyzed 8π-cyclization, DFT calculations suggest that ring-closure to the monobenzocyclooctadienes involves a radical-rebound step in the coordination sphere of cobalt. The latter mechanism implies that unprecedented enantioselective ring-closure reactions to chiral monobenzocyclooctadienes should be possible, as was confirmed for reactions mediated by a chiral cobalt-porphyrin catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhou
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis group (HomKat)Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marianne Lankelma
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis group (HomKat)Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis group (HomKat)Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis group (HomKat)Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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20
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Fu DJ, Zhang YF, Chang AQ, Li J. β-Lactams as promising anticancer agents: Molecular hybrids, structure activity relationships and potential targets. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 201:112510. [PMID: 32592915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
β-Lactam, commonly referred as azetidin-2-one, is a multifunctional building block for synthesizing β-amino ketones, γ-amino alcohols, and other compounds. Besides its well known antibiotic activity, this ring system exhibits a wide range of activities, attracting the attention of researchers. However, the structurally diverse β-lactam analogues as anticancer agents and their different molecular targets are poorly discussed. The purpose of this review is 3-fold: (1) to explore the molecular hybridization approach to design β-lactams hybrids as anticancer agents; (2) the structure activity relationship of the most active anticancer β-lactams and (3) to summarize their antitumor mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jun Fu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Qi Chang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Alcântara AFP, Fontana LA, Almeida MP, Rigolin VH, Ribeiro MA, Barros WP, Megiatto JD. Control over the Redox Cooperative Mechanism of Radical Carbene Transfer Reactions for the Efficient Active‐Metal‐Template Synthesis of [2]Rotaxanes. Chemistry 2020; 26:7808-7822. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur F. P. Alcântara
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) PO Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas Brazil
- Instituto Federal do Sertão Pernambucano Estrada do Tamboril 56200-000 Ouricuri Brazil
| | - Liniquer A. Fontana
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) PO Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas Brazil
| | - Marlon P. Almeida
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) PO Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas Brazil
| | - Vitor H. Rigolin
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) PO Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas Brazil
| | - Marcos A. Ribeiro
- Departamento de QuímicaUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514 29075-910 Vitória Brazil
| | - Wdeson P. Barros
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) PO Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas Brazil
| | - Jackson D. Megiatto
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) PO Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas Brazil
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22
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van Vliet KM, van Leeuwen NS, Brouwer AM, de Bruin B. Visible-light-induced addition of carboxymethanide to styrene from monochloroacetic acid. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:398-408. [PMID: 32273903 PMCID: PMC7113555 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Where monochloroacetic acid is widely used as a starting material for the synthesis of relevant groups of compounds, many of these synthetic procedures are based on nucleophilic substitution of the carbon chlorine bond. Oxidative or reductive activation of monochloroacetic acid results in radical intermediates, leading to reactivity different from the traditional reactivity of this compound. Here, we investigated the possibility of applying monochloroacetic acid as a substrate for photoredox catalysis with styrene to directly produce γ-phenyl-γ-butyrolactone. Instead of using nucleophilic substitution, we cleaved the carbon chlorine bond by single-electron reduction, creating a radical species. We observed that the reaction works best in nonpolar solvents. The reaction does not go to full conversion, but selectively forms γ-phenyl-γ-butyrolactone and 4-chloro-4-phenylbutanoic acid. Over time the catalyst precipitates from solution (perhaps in a decomposed form in case of fac-[Ir(ppy)3]), which was proven by mass spectrometry and EPR spectroscopy for one of the catalysts (N,N-5,10-di(2-naphthalene)-5,10-dihydrophenazine) used in this work. The generation of HCl resulting from lactone formation could be an additional problem for organometallic photoredox catalysts used in this reaction. In an attempt to trap one of the radical intermediates with TEMPO, we observed a compound indicating the generation of a chloromethyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaj M van Vliet
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nicole S van Leeuwen
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Albert M Brouwer
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
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23
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Madarasi PK, Sivasankar C. Infrared spectroscopic detection of ketene formation from carbene and CO sources: an amide synthesis. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj06161d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An effective methodology to detect the highly reactive ketene intermediate, which is formed in situ during the course of organic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chinnappan Sivasankar
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Pondicherry University
- Puducherry 605 014
- India
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24
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Michiyuki T, Komeyama K. Recent Advances in Four‐Coordinated Planar Cobalt Catalysis in Organic Synthesis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Michiyuki
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringHiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
| | - Kimihiro Komeyama
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringHiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
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25
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Madarasi PK, Vinod K, Sankar A, Sivasankar C. Synthesis of Diesters through Carbonylation of Diazo Compounds Followed by Alcohol Addition. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kavya Vinod
- Catalysis and Energy LaboratoryDepartment of chemistry, Pondicherry University, R.V.Nagar Puducherry – 605 014
| | - Anjaly Sankar
- Catalysis and Energy LaboratoryDepartment of chemistry, Pondicherry University, R.V.Nagar Puducherry – 605 014
| | - Chinnappan Sivasankar
- Catalysis and Energy LaboratoryDepartment of chemistry, Pondicherry University, R.V.Nagar Puducherry – 605 014
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26
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Lankelma M, Olivares AM, de Bruin B. [Co(TPP)]-Catalyzed Formation of Substituted Piperidines. Chemistry 2019; 25:5658-5663. [PMID: 30844097 PMCID: PMC6563703 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Radical cyclization via cobalt(III)-carbene radical intermediates is a powerful method for the synthesis of (hetero)cyclic structures. Building on the recently reported synthesis of five-membered N-heterocyclic pyrrolidines catalyzed by CoII porphyrins, the [Co(TPP)]-catalyzed formation of useful six-membered N-heterocyclic piperidines directly from linear aldehydes is presented herein. The piperidines were obtained in overall high yields, with linear alkenes being formed as side products in small amounts. A DFT study was performed to gain a deeper mechanistic understanding of the cobalt(II)-porphyrin-catalyzed formation of pyrrolidines, piperidines, and linear alkenes. The calculations showed that the alkenes are unlikely to be formed through an expected 1,2-hydrogen-atom transfer to the carbene carbon. Instead, the calculations were consistent with a pathway involving benzyl-radical formation followed by radical-rebound ring closure to form the piperidines. Competitive 1,5-hydrogen-atom transfer from the β-position to the benzyl radical explained the formation of linear alkenes as side products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Lankelma
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)Homogeneous, Supramolecular & Bio-Inspired CatalysisUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Astrid M. Olivares
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Rochester404 Hutchison HallRochesterNY14627-0216USA
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)Homogeneous, Supramolecular & Bio-Inspired CatalysisUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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27
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Demarteau J, Debuigne A, Detrembleur C. Organocobalt Complexes as Sources of Carbon-Centered Radicals for Organic and Polymer Chemistries. Chem Rev 2019; 119:6906-6955. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Demarteau
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, Building B6A, Agora Square, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, Building B6A, Agora Square, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, Building B6A, Agora Square, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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28
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Sinha S, Sikari R, Sinha V, Jash U, Das S, Brandão P, Demeshko S, Meyer F, de Bruin B, Paul ND. Iron-Catalyzed/Mediated C–N Bond Formation: Competition between Substrate Amination and Ligand Amination. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:1935-1948. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur Botanic
Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Rina Sikari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur Botanic
Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Vivek Sinha
- Homogeneous Catalysis Group, van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Upasona Jash
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur Botanic
Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Siuli Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur Botanic
Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Paula Brandão
- Departamento de Química, CICECO-Instituto de Materiais de Aveiro, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous Catalysis Group, van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda D. Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur Botanic
Garden, Howrah 711103, India
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29
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Abstract
A review of metal-catalysed radical carbonylation reactions is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siling Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois
- Chicago
- USA
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30
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Chirila A, Brands MB, de Bruin B. Mechanistic investigations into the cyclopropanation of electron-deficient alkenes with ethyl diazoacetate using [Co(MeTAA)]. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Chirila A, van Vliet KM, Paul ND, de Bruin B. [Co(MeTAA)] Metalloradical Catalytic Route to Ketenes via Carbonylation of Carbene Radicals. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Chirila
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat); van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS); University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Kaj M. van Vliet
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat); van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS); University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Nanda D. Paul
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat); van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS); University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat); van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS); University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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32
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Richrath RB, Olyschläger T, Hildebrandt S, Enny DG, Fianu GD, Flowers RA, Gansäuer A. Cp 2 TiX Complexes for Sustainable Catalysis in Single-Electron Steps. Chemistry 2018; 24:6371-6379. [PMID: 29327511 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We present a combined electrochemical, kinetic, and synthetic study with a novel and easily accessible class of titanocene catalysts for catalysis in single-electron steps. The tailoring of the electronic properties of our Cp2 TiX-catalysts that are prepared in situ from readily available Cp2 TiX2 is achieved by varying the anionic ligand X. Of the complexes investigated, Cp2 TiOMs proved to be either equal or substantially superior to the best catalysts developed earlier. The kinetic and thermodynamic properties pertinent to catalysis have been determined. They allow a mechanistic understanding of the subtle interplay of properties required for an efficient oxidative addition and reduction. Therefore, our study highlights that efficient catalysts do not require the elaborate covalent modification of the cyclopentadienyl ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben B Richrath
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Theresa Olyschläger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Hildebrandt
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel G Enny
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Godfred D Fianu
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Robert A Flowers
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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33
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Roy S, Das SK, Chattopadhyay B. Cobalt(II)-based Metalloradical Activation of 2-(Diazomethyl)pyridines for Radical Transannulation and Cyclopropanation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Roy
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery; Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus; Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014 U.P. India
| | - Sandip Kumar Das
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery; Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus; Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014 U.P. India
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery; Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus; Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014 U.P. India
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34
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Roy S, Das SK, Chattopadhyay B. Cobalt(II)-based Metalloradical Activation of 2-(Diazomethyl)pyridines for Radical Transannulation and Cyclopropanation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2238-2243. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Roy
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery; Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus; Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014 U.P. India
| | - Sandip Kumar Das
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery; Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus; Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014 U.P. India
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery; Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus; Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014 U.P. India
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35
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te Grotenhuis C, van den Heuvel N, van der Vlugt JI, de Bruin B. Catalytic Dibenzocyclooctene Synthesis via Cobalt(III)-Carbene Radical and ortho-Quinodimethane Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:140-145. [PMID: 29155465 PMCID: PMC5767734 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The metalloradical activation of ortho-benzallylaryl N-tosyl hydrazones with [Co(TPP)] (TPP=tetraphenylporphyrin) as the catalyst enabled the controlled exploitation of the single-electron reactivity of the redox non-innocent carbene intermediate. This method offers a novel route to prepare eight-membered rings, using base metal catalysis to construct a series of unique dibenzocyclooctenes through selective Ccarbene -Caryl cyclization. The desired eight-membered-ring products were obtained in good to excellent yields. A large variety of aromatic substituents are tolerated. The proposed reaction mechanism involves intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) to CoIII -carbene radical intermediates followed by dissociation of an ortho-quinodimethane that undergoes 8π cyclization. The mechanism is supported by DFT calculations, and the presence of radical-type intermediates was confirmed by trapping experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colet te Grotenhuis
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Naudin van den Heuvel
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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36
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Bakulina O, Dar'in D, Krasavin M. Mixed carboxylic–sulfonic anhydride in reaction with imines: a straightforward route to water-soluble β-lactams via a Staudinger-type reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:3989-3998. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00768c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The first example of employing a mixed carboxylic–sulfonic anhydride in reaction with imines is reported. It gave β-lactams, presumably, via a formal [2 + 2] cycloaddition (a Staudinger-type reaction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bakulina
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg 199034
- Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Dar'in
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg 199034
- Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg 199034
- Russian Federation
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37
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van Leest NP, Epping RF, van Vliet KM, Lankelma M, van den Heuvel EJ, Heijtbrink N, Broersen R, de Bruin B. Single-Electron Elementary Steps in Homogeneous Organometallic Catalysis. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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38
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te Grotenhuis C, van den Heuvel N, van der Vlugt JI, de Bruin B. Catalytic Dibenzocyclooctene Synthesis via Cobalt(III)-Carbene Radical and ortho
-Quinodimethane Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colet te Grotenhuis
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS); University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Naudin van den Heuvel
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS); University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS); University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS); University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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39
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Te Grotenhuis C, Das BG, Kuijpers PF, Hageman W, Trouwborst M, de Bruin B. Catalytic 1,2-dihydronaphthalene and E-aryl-diene synthesis via Co III-Carbene radical and o-quinodimethane intermediates. Chem Sci 2017; 8:8221-8230. [PMID: 29568470 PMCID: PMC5857932 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03909c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic synthesis of substituted 1,2-dihydronaphthalenes via metalloradical activation of o-styryl N-tosyl hydrazones ((E)-2-(prop-1-en-1-yl)benzene-N-tosyl hydrazones) is presented, taking advantage of the intrinsic reactivity of a cobalt(iii)-carbene radical intermediate. The method has been successfully applied to a broad range of substrates with various R1 substituents at the aromatic ring, producing the desired ring products in good to excellent isolated yields for substrates with an R2 = COOEt substituent at the vinylic position (∼70-90%). Changing the R2 moiety from an ester to other substituents has a surprisingly large influence on the (isolated) yields. This behaviour is unexpected for a radical rebound ring-closure mechanism, and points to a mechanism proceeding via ortho-quinodimethane (o-QDM) intermediates. Furthermore, substrates with an alkyl substituent on the allylic position reacted to form E-aryl-dienes in excellent yields, rather than the expected 1,2-dihydronaphthalenes. This result, combined with the outcome of supporting DFT calculations, strongly points to the release of reactive o-QDM intermediates from the metal centre in all cases, which either undergo a 6π-cyclisation step to form the 1,2-dihydronaphthalenes, or a [1,7]-hydride shift to produce the E-aryl-dienes. Trapping experiments using TEMPO confirm the involvement of cobalt(iii)-carbene radical intermediates. EPR spectroscopic spin-trapping experiments using phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) confirm the radical nature of the catalytic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colet Te Grotenhuis
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group , Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH Amsterdam , The Netherlands .
| | - Braja G Das
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group , Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH Amsterdam , The Netherlands .
| | - Petrus F Kuijpers
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group , Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH Amsterdam , The Netherlands .
| | - Wouter Hageman
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group , Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH Amsterdam , The Netherlands .
| | - Mees Trouwborst
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group , Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH Amsterdam , The Netherlands .
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group , Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH Amsterdam , The Netherlands .
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40
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Xia Y, Qiu D, Wang J. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings through Carbene Migratory Insertion. Chem Rev 2017; 117:13810-13889. [PMID: 29091413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 788] [Impact Index Per Article: 112.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have been well-established as indispensable tools in modern organic synthesis. One of the major research goals in cross-coupling area is expanding the scope of the coupling partners. In the past decade, diazo compounds (or their precursors N-tosylhydrazones) have emerged as nucleophilic cross-coupling partners in C-C single bond or C═C double bond formations in transition-metal-catalyzed reactions. This type of coupling reaction involves the following general steps. First, the organometallic species is generated by various processes, including oxidative addition, transmetalation, cyclization, C-C bond cleavage, and C-H bond activation. Subsequently, the organometallic species reacts with the diazo substrate to generate metal carbene intermediate, which undergoes rapid migratory insertion to form a C-C bond. The new organometallic species generated from migratory insertion may undergo various transformations. This type of carbene-based coupling has proven to be general: various transition metals including Pd, Cu, Rh, Ni, Co, and Ir are effective catalysts; the scope of the reaction has also been extended to substrates other than diazo compounds; and various cascade processes have also been devised based on the carbene migratory insertion. This review will summarize the achievements made in this field since 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Di Qiu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
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41
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Harris CF, Bayless MB, van Leest NP, Bruch QJ, Livesay BN, Bacsa J, Hardcastle KI, Shores MP, de Bruin B, Soper JD. Redox-Active Bis(phenolate) N-Heterocyclic Carbene [OCO] Pincer Ligands Support Cobalt Electron Transfer Series Spanning Four Oxidation States. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12421-12435. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb F. Harris
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Michael B. Bayless
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Nicolaas P. van Leest
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Quinton J. Bruch
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Brooke N. Livesay
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort
Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - John Bacsa
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- X-ray Crystallography Center, Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kenneth I. Hardcastle
- X-ray Crystallography Center, Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Matthew P. Shores
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort
Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jake D. Soper
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
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42
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van de Watering FF, van der Vlugt JI, Dzik WI, de Bruin B, Reek JNH. Metalloradical Reactivity of Ru I and Ru 0 Stabilized by an Indole-Based Tripodal Tetraphosphine Ligand. Chemistry 2017; 23:12709-12713. [PMID: 28857278 PMCID: PMC5639366 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The tripodal, tetradentate tris(1-(diphenylphosphanyl)-3-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)phosphane PP3 -ligand 1 stabilizes Ru in the RuII , RuI , and Ru0 oxidation states. The octahedral [(PP3 )RuII (Cl)2 ] (2), distorted trigonal bipyramidal [(PP3 )RuI (Cl)] (3), and trigonal bipyramidal [(PP3 )Ru0 (N2 )] (4) complexes were isolated and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR, EPR, IR, and ESI-MS. Both open-shell metalloradical RuI complex 3 and the closed-shell Ru0 complex 4 undergo facile (net) abstraction of a Cl atom from dichloromethane, resulting in formation of the corresponding RuII and RuI complexes 2 and 3, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenna F van de Watering
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wojciech I Dzik
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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43
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Ramakrishna K, Sivasankar C. Synthesis of Amido Esters and Amido Phosphonates through Carbonylation of Diazo Compounds Followed by Nucleophilic Addition Reaction. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kankanala Ramakrishna
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Pondicherry University (A Central University); 605014 Puducherry India
| | - Chinnappan Sivasankar
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Pondicherry University (A Central University); 605014 Puducherry India
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44
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Goswami M, de Bruin B, Dzik WI. Difluorocarbene transfer from a cobalt complex to an electron-deficient alkene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:4382-4385. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01418j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A Co(ii) porphyrin complex catalyses difluorocarbene transfer to an acrylate using TMSCF3 as the source of CF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Goswami
- Homogeneous
- Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- Science Park 904
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous
- Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- Science Park 904
| | - Wojciech I. Dzik
- Homogeneous
- Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- Science Park 904
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45
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Qiu D, Mo F, Zhang Y, Wang J. Recent Advances in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions With N -Tosylhydrazones. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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46
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Torres GM, De La Higuera Macias M, Quesnel JS, Williams OP, Yempally V, Bengali AA, Arndtsen BA. Palladium-Catalyzed, Multicomponent Approach to β-Lactams via Aryl Halide Carbonylation. J Org Chem 2016; 81:12106-12115. [PMID: 27978726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo M. Torres
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | | | - Jeffrey S. Quesnel
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Oliver P. Williams
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Veeranna Yempally
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Bruce A. Arndtsen
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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47
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Electrochemical and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic insights into Molybdenum(0) Fischer ethoxycarbene complexes. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.09.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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48
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Kluwer AM, Krafft MJ, Hartenbach I, de Bruin B, Kaim W. Hydroformylation of 1-Octene Mediated by the Cobalt Complex [CoH(dchpf)(CO)2]. Top Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-016-0699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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49
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Sharon DA, Mallick D, Wang B, Shaik S. Computation Sheds Insight into Iron Porphyrin Carbenes' Electronic Structure, Formation, and N-H Insertion Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9597-610. [PMID: 27347808 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Iron porphyrin carbenes constitute a new frontier of species with considerable synthetic potential. Exquisitely engineered myoglobin and cytochrome P450 enzymes can generate these complexes and facilitate the transformations they mediate. The current work harnesses density functional theoretical methods to provide insight into the electronic structure, formation, and N-H insertion reactivity of an iron porphyrin carbene, [Fe(Por)(SCH3)(CHCO2Et)](-), a model of a complex believed to exist in an experimentally studied artificial metalloenzyme. The ground state electronic structure of the terminal form of this complex is an open-shell singlet, with two antiferromagnetically coupled electrons residing on the iron center and carbene ligand. As we shall reveal, the bonding properties of [Fe(Por)(SCH3)(CHCO2Et)](-) are remarkably analogous to those of ferric heme superoxide complexes. The carbene forms by dinitrogen loss from ethyl diazoacetate. This reaction occurs preferentially through an open-shell singlet transition state: iron donates electron density to weaken the C-N bond undergoing cleavage. Once formed, the iron porphyrin carbene accomplishes N-H insertion via nucleophilic attack. The resulting ylide then rearranges, using an internal carbonyl base, to form an enol that leads to the product. The findings rationalize experimentally observed reactivity trends reported in artificial metalloenzymes employing iron porphyrin carbenes. Furthermore, these results suggest a possible expansion of enzymatic substrate scope, to include aliphatic amines. Thus, this work, among the first several computational explorations of these species, contributes insights and predictions to the surging interest in iron porphyrin carbenes and their synthetic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina A Sharon
- Institute of Chemistry and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dibyendu Mallick
- Institute of Chemistry and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Binju Wang
- Institute of Chemistry and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sason Shaik
- Institute of Chemistry and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
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50
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Das BG, Chirila A, Tromp M, Reek JNH, Bruin BD. Co(III)-Carbene Radical Approach to Substituted 1H-Indenes. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:8968-75. [PMID: 27340837 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy for the catalytic synthesis of substituted 1H-indenes via metalloradical activation of o-cinnamyl N-tosyl hydrazones is presented, taking advantage of the intrinsic reactivity of a Co(III) carbene radical intermediate. The reaction uses readily available starting materials and is operationally simple, thus representing a practical method for the construction of functionalized 1H-indene derivatives. The cheap and easy to prepare low spin cobalt(II) complex [Co(II)(MeTAA)] (MeTAA = tetramethyltetraaza[14]annulene) proved to be the most active catalyst among those investigated, which demonstrates catalytic carbene radical reactivity for a nonporphyrin cobalt(II) complex, and for the first time catalytic activity of [Co(II)(MeTAA)] in general. The methodology has been successfully applied to a broad range of substrates, producing 1H-indenes in good to excellent yields. The metallo-radical catalyzed indene synthesis in this paper represents a unique example of a net (formal) intramolecular carbene insertion reaction into a vinylic C(sp(2))-H bond, made possible by a controlled radical ring-closure process of the carbene radical intermediate involved. The mechanism was investigated computationally, and the results were confirmed by a series of supporting experimental reactions. Density functional theory calculations reveal a stepwise process involving activation of the diazo compound leading to formation of a Co(III)-carbene radical, followed by radical ring-closure to produce an indanyl/benzyl radical intermediate. Subsequent indene product elimination involving a 1,2-hydrogen transfer step regenerates the catalyst. Trapping experiments using 2,2,6,6-tetra-methylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) radical or dibenzoylperoxide (DBPO) confirm the involvement of cobalt(III) carbene radical intermediates. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic spin-trapping experiments using phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) reveal the radical nature of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braja Gopal Das
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Chirila
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Moniek Tromp
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat) Group, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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