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Allam T, Balderston DE, Chahal MK, Hilton KLF, Hind CK, Keers OB, Lilley RJ, Manwani C, Overton A, Popoola PIA, Thompson LR, White LJ, Hiscock JR. Tools to enable the study and translation of supramolecular amphiphiles. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6892-6917. [PMID: 37753825 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00480e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
This tutorial review focuses on providing a summary of the key techniques used for the characterisation of supramolecular amphiphiles and their self-assembled aggregates; from the understanding of low-level molecular interactions, to materials analysis, use of data to support computer-aided molecular design and finally, the translation of this class of compounds for real world application, specifically within the clinical setting. We highlight the common methodologies used for the study of traditional amphiphiles and build to provide specific examples that enable the study of specialist supramolecular systems. This includes the use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, X-ray scattering techniques (small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering and single crystal X-ray diffraction), critical aggregation (or micelle) concentration determination methodologies, machine learning, and various microscopy techniques. Furthermore, this review provides guidance for working with supramolecular amphiphiles in in vitro and in vivo settings, as well as the use of accessible software programs, to facilitate screening and selection of druggable molecules. Each section provides: a methodology overview - information that may be derived from the use of the methodology described; a case study - examples for the application of these methodologies; and a summary section - providing methodology specific benefits, limitations and future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Allam
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Dominick E Balderston
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Mandeep K Chahal
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Kira L F Hilton
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Charlotte K Hind
- Research and Evaluation, UKHSA, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Olivia B Keers
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Rebecca J Lilley
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Chandni Manwani
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Alix Overton
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Precious I A Popoola
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Lisa R Thompson
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Lisa J White
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Jennifer R Hiscock
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
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Gorantla JN, Pengthaisong S, Choknud S, Kaewpuang T, Manyum T, Promarak V, Ketudat Cairns JR. Gram scale production of 1-azido-β-d-glucose via enzyme catalysis for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole-glucosides. RSC Adv 2019; 9:6211-6220. [PMID: 35517277 PMCID: PMC9061115 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00736a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of analytical amounts of azido sugars is used as a means of verifying catalytic acid/base mutations of retaining glycosidase, but application of this process to preparative synthesis has not been reported. The catalytic acid/base mutant of Thermoanaerobacterium xylanolyticus GH116 β-glucosidase, TxGH116D593A, catalyzed the gram scale production of 1-azido-β-d-glucose (1) from p-nitropheyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (pNPGlc) and azide via a transglucosylation reaction. Overnight reaction of the enzyme with pNPGlc and NaN3 in aqueous MES buffer (pH 5.5) at 55 °C produced 1 (3.27 g), which was isolated as a white foamy solid in 96% yield. This 1 was successfully utilized for the synthesis of fifteen 1,2,3-triazole-β-d-glucosyl derivatives (2–16) containing a variety of functional groups, via click chemistry. The retaining β-glucosidase acid/base mutant TxGH116D593A catalyzed the production of 1-azido-β-d-glucose for synthesis of 15 1,2,3-triazole β-glucosyl derivatives.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaggaiah N. Gorantla
- School of Chemistry
- Institute of Science, & Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application
- Suranaree University of Technology
- Nakhon Ratchasima 30000
- Thailand
| | - Salila Pengthaisong
- School of Chemistry
- Institute of Science, & Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application
- Suranaree University of Technology
- Nakhon Ratchasima 30000
- Thailand
| | - Sunaree Choknud
- School of Chemistry
- Institute of Science, & Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application
- Suranaree University of Technology
- Nakhon Ratchasima 30000
- Thailand
| | - Teadkait Kaewpuang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology
- Rayong 21210
- Thailand
| | - Tanaporn Manyum
- School of Chemistry
- Institute of Science, & Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application
- Suranaree University of Technology
- Nakhon Ratchasima 30000
- Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology
- Rayong 21210
- Thailand
| | - James R. Ketudat Cairns
- School of Chemistry
- Institute of Science, & Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application
- Suranaree University of Technology
- Nakhon Ratchasima 30000
- Thailand
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van 't Hag L, Gras SL, Conn CE, Drummond CJ. Lyotropic liquid crystal engineering moving beyond binary compositional space - ordered nanostructured amphiphile self-assembly materials by design. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:2705-2731. [PMID: 28280815 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00663a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ordered amphiphile self-assembly materials with a tunable three-dimensional (3D) nanostructure are of fundamental interest, and crucial for progressing several biological and biomedical applications, including in meso membrane protein crystallization, as drug and medical contrast agent delivery vehicles, and as biosensors and biofuel cells. In binary systems consisting of an amphiphile and a solvent, the ability to tune the 3D cubic phase nanostructure, lipid bilayer properties and the lipid mesophase is limited. A move beyond the binary compositional space is therefore required for efficient engineering of the required material properties. In this critical review, the phase transitions upon encapsulation of more than 130 amphiphilic and soluble additives into the bicontinuous lipidic cubic phase under excess hydration are summarized. The data are interpreted using geometric considerations, interfacial curvature, electrostatic interactions, partition coefficients and miscibility of the alkyl chains. The obtained lyotropic liquid crystal engineering design rules can be used to enhance the formulation of self-assembly materials and provides a large library of these materials for use in biomedical applications (242 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie van 't Hag
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Ahmadi S, ManickamAchari V, Hussain Z, Hashim R. Epimeric and anomeric relationship of octyl- α - d -gluco/galactosides: Insight from density functional theory and atom in molecules studies. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Feast GC, Lepitre T, Tran N, Conn CE, Hutt OE, Mulet X, Drummond CJ, Savage GP. Inverse hexagonal and cubic micellar lyotropic liquid crystalline phase behaviour of novel double chain sugar-based amphiphiles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 151:34-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Fong WK, Sánchez-Ferrer A, Ortelli FG, Sun W, Boyd BJ, Mezzenga R. Dynamic formation of nanostructured particles from vesicles via invertase hydrolysis for on-demand delivery. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26688f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled hydrolysis via invertase action alters molecular shape and therefore lipid curvature, consequently triggering the release of encapsulated drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wye-Khay Fong
- ETH Zürich
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology
- 8092 Zürich
- Switzerland
- Drug Delivery, Disposition & Dynamics
| | | | | | - Wenjie Sun
- ETH Zürich
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology
- 8092 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Ben J. Boyd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition & Dynamics
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- ETH Zürich
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology
- 8092 Zürich
- Switzerland
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Pušavec Kirar E, Grošelj U, Mirri G, Požgan F, Strle G, Štefane B, Jovanovski V, Svete J. "Click" Chemistry: Application of Copper Metal in Cu-Catalyzed Azomethine Imine-Alkyne Cycloadditions. J Org Chem 2016; 81:5988-97. [PMID: 27305104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of 16 copper-catalyzed azomethine imine-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAIAC) reactions between four pyrazolidinone-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones gave the corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts as bimane analogues in very high yields. The applicability of CuAIAC was demonstrated by the fluorescent labeling of functionalized polystyrene and by using Cu-C and Cu-Fe as catalysts. Experimental evidence, kinetic measurements, and correlation between a clean catalyst surface and the reaction rate are in agreement with a homotopic catalytic system with catalytic Cu(I)-acetylide formed from Cu(0) by "in situ" oxidation. The availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, simple workup, and scalability make CuAIAC a viable supplement to the Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction in "click" chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pušavec Kirar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana , Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Uroš Grošelj
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana , Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Giorgio Mirri
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana , Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Franc Požgan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana , Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Strle
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana , Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bogdan Štefane
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana , Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vasko Jovanovski
- National Institute of Chemistry , Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jurij Svete
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana , Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Thomas TS, Hwang W, Sita LR. End‐Group‐Functionalized Poly(α‐olefinates) as Non‐Polar Building Blocks: Self‐Assembly of Sugar–Polyolefin Hybrid Conjugates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tessy S. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Wonseok Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Lawrence R. Sita
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
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Thomas TS, Hwang W, Sita LR. End‐Group‐Functionalized Poly(α‐olefinates) as Non‐Polar Building Blocks: Self‐Assembly of Sugar–Polyolefin Hybrid Conjugates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4683-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tessy S. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Wonseok Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Lawrence R. Sita
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
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Leenders CMA, Jansen G, Frissen MMM, Lafleur RPM, Voets IK, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Monosaccharides as Versatile Units for Water-Soluble Supramolecular Polymers. Chemistry 2016; 22:4608-15. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christianus M. A. Leenders
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems; Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513; 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Gijs Jansen
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems; Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513; 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Martijn M. M. Frissen
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems; Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513; 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - René P. M. Lafleur
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems; Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513; 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Ilja K. Voets
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems; Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513; 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems; Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513; 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems; Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513; 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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Hartnett TE, O’Connor AJ, Ladewig K. Cubosomes and other potential ocular drug delivery vehicles for macromolecular therapeutics. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1513-26. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1021680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Feast GC, Lepitre T, Mulet X, Conn CE, Hutt OE, Savage GP, Drummond CJ. The search for new amphiphiles: synthesis of a modular, high-throughput library. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:1578-88. [PMID: 25161714 PMCID: PMC4142986 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic compounds are used in a variety of applications due to their lyotropic liquid-crystalline phase formation, however only a limited number of compounds, in a potentially limitless field, are currently in use. A library of organic amphiphilic compounds was synthesised consisting of glucose, galactose, lactose, xylose and mannose head groups and double and triple-chain hydrophobic tails. A modular, high-throughput approach was developed, whereby head and tail components were conjugated using the copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. The tails were synthesised from two core alkyne-tethered intermediates, which were subsequently functionalised with hydrocarbon chains varying in length and degree of unsaturation and branching, while the five sugar head groups were selected with ranging substitution patterns and anomeric linkages. A library of 80 amphiphiles was subsequently produced, using a 24-vial array, with the majority formed in very good to excellent yields. A preliminary assessment of the liquid-crystalline phase behaviour is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- George C Feast
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Thomas Lepitre
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Xavier Mulet
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Charlotte E Conn
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Oliver E Hutt
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - G Paul Savage
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3169, Australia ; School of Applied Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
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