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Luo J, Zhao JX, He T, Liu P, Li CT. Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed N-Addition/ C-Addition Reaction of 3-Vinyl Indoles with Pyrazole/Pyrazolone to Construct Pyrazole-Substituted 3-(1-Heteroarylethyl)-indole Scaffolds. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6000-6015. [PMID: 38618901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Developing a highly efficient atom-economic method for the preparation of 3-(1-heteroarylethyl)-indole scaffolds is of significant value in pharmaceutical and agricultural chemistry. Herein, a phosphoric acid-catalyzed N-addition reaction of 3-vinyl indoles with pyrazoles and C-addition reaction of 3-vinyl indoles with pyrazolones were developed. A series of pyrazole-substituted 3-(1-heteroarylethyl)-indole scaffolds were synthesized in excellent yields (up to 99% yield) under mild reaction conditions. A reasonable reaction mechanism was proposed to explain the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Xing Zhao
- Analysis and Testing Center, Shihezi University, Xinjiang 832003, P. R. China
| | - Tao He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Tian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
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Peng H, Zhang Y, Deng G. Silver(I)-Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of Enynones and 4-Alkenyl Isoxazoles: Synthesis of 2-(Furan-2-yl)-1,2-dihydropyridines. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37183921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Silver(I)-catalyzed tandem reaction of enynones with 4-alkenyl isoxazoles provides access to 2-(furan-2-yl)-1,2-dihydropyridines. No competitive cyclopropanation of alkenes and O-H insertion via (2-furyl)carbene complexes were observed. The cascade reaction proceeds via the formation of (2-furyl)metal carbene intermediate, the N-O bond cleavage of 4-alkenyl isoxazoles/rearrangement, subsequent 6π electrocyclic reaction, and [1,5] H-shift. The successive construction of both 1,2-dihydropyridine skeleton and furan frame has been achieved in the one-pot reaction. A broad range of readily available enynones and 4-alkenyl isoxazoles are suitable to this protocol; however, when R3 is the alkyl group such as n-Bu and Me, a complicated mixture was generated without the desired products. In addition, in the case of R4 = bulky group such as R3'SiOCH2, the reaction gave an in situ oxo-product of (2-furyl)silver carbene. An atom-economic strategy for the synthesis of 2-(furan-2-yl)-1,2-dihydropyridines has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yangyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Guisheng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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Abbas AA, Dawood KM. Benzofuran as a promising scaffold for the synthesis of novel antimicrobial agents. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:1357-1376. [PMID: 36503375 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2157400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The benzofuran moiety constitutes a main component of enormous biologically active natural and synthetic heterocycles. Such heterocycles have distinctive therapeutic potential and are employed in various clinical drugs. A number of publications have dealt with the synthesis and extraction of benzofuran-based heterocycles to investigate their antimicrobial potential. AREAS COVERED This review describes the antimicrobial activity of various natural and synthetic benzofuran scaffolds. The antimicrobial activity of benzofurans is thoroughly investigated against several bacterial (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) and fungal microorganisms compared with several reference antibiotic drugs. The effects of the electronic nature of substituents on the activity of benzofurans through SAR study were reported. This article also highlights the recent natural and synthetic benzofuran-based organic molecules between 2019-2022 that have had success in terms of their antimicrobial activity. EXPERT OPINION Many of the described benzofurans are promising candidates as antimicrobial agents based on their activity. Most used antibiotics target infections caused by the gram-positive pathogen S. aureus. Interestingly, most of the described benzofurans are promising inhibitors against S. aureus with either equipotent or more potent activity than the reference antibiotic drugs. These findings will encourage medicinal chemists to explore these new avenues for human health promotion to reduce suffering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Kamal M Dawood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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Rhodium-Catalyzed Aerobic Conversion of 2-Diazo-1,3-dicarbonyls to Vicinal Tricarbonyl Compounds and Their In-Situ Stability Toward Oxidative Degradation. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Transformation of 3-(Furan-2-yl)-1,3-di(het)arylpropan-1-ones to Prop-2-en-1-ones via Oxidative Furan Dearomatization/2-Ene-1,4,7-triones Cyclization. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092637. [PMID: 33946475 PMCID: PMC8124928 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The approach to 3-(furan-2-yl)-1,3-di(het)arylprop-2-en-1-ones based on the oxidative dearomatization of 3-(furan-2-yl)-1,3-di(het)arylpropan-1-ones followed by an unusual cyclization of the formed di(het)aryl-substituted 2-ene-1,4,7-triones has been developed. The cyclization step is related to the Paal-Knorr synthesis, but the furan ring formation is accompanied in this case by a formal shift of the double bond through the formation of a fully conjugated 4,7-hydroxy-2,4,6-trien-1-one system or its surrogate.
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Yu T, Ji F, Huang D, Gao Y, Shi Z, Sha X, Xu J, You S, Zhang M, Sha Q. Facile synthesis of penta-substituted pyrroles and pyrrole-fused piperidin-4-ones via four component reactions of 2,3-diketoesters, anilines and enaminones. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00921d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel and facile multicomponent reactions of 2,3-diketoesters, anilines and enaminones were developed. A variety of penta-substituted pyrroles and pyrrole-fused piperidin-4-ones can be easily accessed via interception of cationic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Fei Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Daichuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Ya Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoping Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Sha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Jiangyan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Siliang You
- State Key laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Sha
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
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