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Schubert U, Stöger B. Structural Chemistry of Titanium (IV) Oxo Clusters, Part 2: Clusters without Carboxylate or Phosphonate Ligands. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400744. [PMID: 38629948 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Homometallic titanium oxo clusters (TOC) are one of the most important groups of metal oxo clusters. In a previous article, TOC structures with carboxylato and phosphonato ligands were reviewed and categorized. This work is now extended to clusters with other ligands. Comparison of the different cluster types shows how the interplay between condensation of the titanium polyhedra by means of bridging oxygen atoms and the coordination characteristics of the ligands influences the cluster structures and allows working out basic construction principles of the cluster core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Schubert
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universiät Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Berthold Stöger
- X-Ray Center, Technische Universiät Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060, Wien, Austria
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2
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Catalytic Asymmetric Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition of Azoalkenes with 3-Vinylindoles: Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydropyrroles. iScience 2020; 23:100873. [PMID: 32062452 PMCID: PMC7021545 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed highly enantioselective formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of azoalkenes with 3-vinylindoles has been established. Under mild conditions, the projected cycloaddition proceeded smoothly, affording a variety of 2,3-dihydropyrroles in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities, and also in a diastereospecific manner. As opposed to the common 4-atom synthons in the previous literature reports, azoalkenes served as 3-atom synthons. Besides, the observed selectivity was supported by primary theoretical calculation. The unique chemistry of azoalkenes disclosed herein will empower asymmetric synthesis of nitrogen-containing ring structural motifs in a broader context. Chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction 2,3-Dihydropyrroles were enantioselectively synthesized Azoalkenes served as 3-atom synthons
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Bau MA, Wiesler S, Younas SL, Streuff J. Strategies for the Synthesis of Chiral Carbon-Bridged Group IV ansa-Metallocenes. Chemistry 2019; 25:10531-10545. [PMID: 31059590 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This minireview provides a survey of the various synthetic approaches to chiral ansa-metallocenes of Ti, Zr, and Hf containing a carbon-based bridge. The individual strategies to install substitution patterns at either the cyclopentadienyl framework or the bridging unit are highlighted with focus on the progress made towards a direct preparation of single complex stereoisomers. The review further includes the discussion of potential problems such as the formation of undesired diastereomers, the threat of racemization of enantiopure material, and synthetic challenges originating from the synthesis, purification, and isolation of the target complexes. The review has been written with the goal in mind to facilitate the design and synthesis of new chiral ansa-metallocene derivatives for emerging research areas in asymmetric catalysis and organometallic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Bau
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Stefan Wiesler
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Sara L Younas
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Jan Streuff
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Dong GL, Fang WH, Zhang L, Zhang J. In situ generated pyroglutamate bridged polyoxotitaniums with strong circular dichroism signal. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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5
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Chiral metal cluster and nanocluster complexes and their application in asymmetric catalysis. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wu RH, Guo M, Yu MX, Zhu LG. Two titanium(iv)-oxo-clusters: synthesis, structures, characterization and recycling catalytic activity in the oxygenation of sulfides. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:14348-14355. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02516e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Two titanium(iv)-oxo-clusters were synthesized and can be used as homogeneous recycling catalysts in the oxygenation of sulfides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Hui Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Forestry Biomass of Zhejiang Province
| | - Ming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Forestry Biomass of Zhejiang Province
- Zhejiang A & F University
- Lin'an
- China
| | - Ming-Xin Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Guan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
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Li N, Matthews PD, Luo HK, Wright DS. Novel properties and potential applications of functional ligand-modified polyoxotitanate cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:11180-90. [PMID: 27332621 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03788g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Functional ligand-modified polyoxotitanate (L-POT) cages of the general type [TixOy(OR)z(L)m] (OR = alkoxide, L = functional ligand) can be regarded as molecular fragments of surface-sensitized solid-state TiO2, and are of value as models for studying the interfacial charge and energy transfer between the bound functional ligands and a bulk semiconductor surface. These L-POTs have also had a marked impact in many other research fields, such as single-source precursors for TiO2 deposition, inorganic-organic hybrid material construction, photocatalysis, photoluminescence, asymmetric catalysis and gas adsorption. Their atomically well-defined structures provide the basis for the understanding of structure/property relationships and ultimately for the rational design of new cages targeting specific uses. This highlight focuses on recent advances in L-POTs research, with emphasis on their novel properties and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
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Šterk D, Zaugg W, Beutler U, Loeser EM, Prasad K, Časar Z. Efficient and highly stereoselective assembly of rosuvastatin. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Cież D, Pałasz A, Trzewik B. Titanium Enolate Chemistry at the Beginning of the 21st Century. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Hashimoto T, Maruoka K. Recent advances of catalytic asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5366-412. [PMID: 25961125 DOI: 10.1021/cr5007182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 740] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Hashimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Peruncheralathan S, Aurich S, Teller H, Schneider C. The Ti-BINOLate-catalyzed, enantioselective ring-opening of meso-aziridines with amines. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:2787-803. [PMID: 23515632 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40222c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The titanium-BINOLate-catalyzed, highly enantioselective ring-opening reaction of meso-aziridines has been developed which furnishes trans-1,2-diamines in typically good yields and excellent enantioselectivities. N-Aryl aziridines attached to a 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic ring are among the best substrates for this process providing the products in up to >99% ee. The chiral catalyst is easily prepared in situ from commercially available components and does not require any laborious ligand synthesis. Structural investigations into the catalyst composition reveal an oligomeric structure of the active Ti-complex.
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Chen HY, Lu WY, Chen YJ, Hsu SCN, Ou SW, Peng WT, Jheng NY, Lai YC, Wu BS, Chung H, Chen Y, Huang TC. Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity of titanium iminophenoxide complexes in relation to the ring-opening polymerization ofL-lactide and ε-caprolactone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Seayad AM, Ramalingam B, Chai CLL, Li C, Garland MV, Yoshinaga K. Self-Supported Chiral Titanium Cluster (SCTC) as a Robust Catalyst for the Asymmetric Cyanation of Imines under Batch and Continuous Flow at Room Temperature. Chemistry 2012; 18:5693-700. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Peruncheralathan S, Teller H, Schneider C. Titan‐Binolat‐katalysierte Aminolyse vonmeso‐Aziridinen – ein hochenantioselektiver und direkter Zugang zu 1,2‐Diaminen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200901110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Peruncheralathan S, Teller H, Schneider C. Titanium Binolate Catalyzed Aminolysis ofmeso Aziridines: A Highly Enantioselective and Direct Access to 1,2-Diamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4849-52. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200901110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Satyanarayana T, Abraham S, Kagan HB. Nonlinear effects in asymmetric catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:456-94. [PMID: 19115268 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200705241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for the preparation of enantiomerically pure compounds for various applications. An efficient approach to achieve this goal is asymmetric catalysis. The chiral catalyst is usually prepared from a chiral auxiliary, which itself is derived from a natural product or by resolution of a racemic precursor. The use of non-enantiopure chiral auxiliaries in asymmetric catalysis seems unattractive to preparative chemists, since the anticipated enantiomeric excess (ee) of the reaction product should be proportional to the ee value of the chiral auxiliary (linearity). In fact, some deviation from linearity may arise. Such nonlinear effects can be rich in mechanistic information and can be synthetically useful (asymmetric amplification). This Review documents the advances made during the last decade in the use of nonlinear effects in the area of organometallic and organic catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tummanapalli Satyanarayana
- Laboratoire de Catalyse Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (CNRS, UMR 8182) Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay, France
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Satyanarayana T, Abraham S, Kagan H. Nichtlineare Effekte in der asymmetrischen Katalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200705241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Schetter B, Ziemer B, Schnakenburg G, Mahrwald R. Tetranuclear BINOL−Titanium Complex in Selective Direct Aldol Additions. J Org Chem 2008; 73:813-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo7014054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Schetter
- Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, and Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straβe 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Burkhard Ziemer
- Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, and Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straβe 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, and Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straβe 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rainer Mahrwald
- Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, and Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straβe 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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Wooten A, Salvi L, Carroll P, Walsh P. Characterization of Dimeric and Tetrameric μ-Hydroxide Ytterbium(III) Binaphtholate Complexes. Adv Synth Catal 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200600600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Schetter B, Stosiek C, Ziemer B, Mahrwald R. Multinuclear enantiopure titanium self-assembly complexes—synthesis, characterization and application to organic synthesis. Appl Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Mikami K, Matsumoto Y, Xu L. Modification of alkoxo ligands of BINOL–Ti ladder: Isolation and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Inorganica Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2005.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Saruhashi K, Kobayashi S. Remarkably Stable Chiral Zirconium Complexes for Asymmetric Mannich-Type Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:11232-5. [PMID: 16925442 DOI: 10.1021/ja062776r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Isolable, air-stable, storable, and highly selective chiral zirconium catalysts for asymmetric Mannich-type reactions have been developed. The reactions of imines with silicon enolates proceeded smoothly using 1-10 mol % of the powdered zirconium catalyst to afford the corresponding adducts in high yields with high stereoselectivities. The catalyst could be recovered and reused without significant loss of activity. On the other hand, zirconium single crystals for X-ray analysis were obtained, and the crystals also showed high performance in the asymmetric Mannich-type reactions. Although NMR analyses of these zirconium catalysts showed different structures in dichloromethane, the formation of the same key intermediate from the different catalysts was indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kowichiro Saruhashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, The HFRE Division, ERATO, Japan Science Technology Agency (JST), Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Liu B, Jiang FY, Song HB, Li JS. A novel trinuclear titanium(IV) complex with a C3 axis along Ti1–Ti2–Ti3 containing 3-[(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-BINOLate ligands: synthesis, structure, and reactivity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Meppelder GJM, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. A binaphtolate titanium complex featuring a linear tetradentate [OSSO]-bis(phenolato) ligand: Synthesis and partial hydrolysis to a homochiral dinuclear complex. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pescitelli G, Di Bari L, Salvadori P. Effect of water on BINOL/Ti(OiPr)4 solution mixtures: The nature of a catalytic precursor of enantioselective sulfoxidation. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Paul B, Näther C, Fromm KM, Janiak C. Chiral S-1,1′-bi-2-naphthol (S-BINOL) as a synthon for supramolecular hydrogen-bonded {(S-BINOLATn–)(S-BINOL)n}-strands with naphthyl-paneled cavities or channels for a Cd(NH3)4-fragment (n= 2) or [Ag(NH3)2]+(n= 1). Part 2. CrystEngComm 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b502202a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Harada T, Kanda K, Hiraoka Y, Marutani Y, Nakatsugawa M. Asymmetric alkylation of aldehydes catalyzed by novel dinuclear bis-BINOLate titanium(IV) complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Harada T, Hiraoka Y, Kusukawa T, Marutani Y, Matsui S, Nakatsugawa M, Kanda K. Phenylenebis(ethynyl)-Tethered Bis-BINOL Ligands for Enantioselective Catalyst Based on Dimeric Ti(IV) Aggregate. Org Lett 2003; 5:5059-62. [PMID: 14682764 DOI: 10.1021/ol0360546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bis-BINOLs 7a-c in which two BINOL units are tethered by phenylenebis(ethynyl) groups react with titanium tetraisopropoxide (2 equiv) to form intramolecular dimeric titanium(IV) aggregates 2a-c. Of these, 2a,b with an o-phenylenebis(ethynyl) tether are stable in the presence of excess titanium tetraisopropoxide. Complex 2a exhibits a relatively high enantioselectivity in asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to an aldehyde. [structure: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Harada
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
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