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Nuñez M, Allende MI, González F, Cavada G, Anderson CS, Muñoz Venturelli P. Sex Differences in Profile and In-Hospital Death for Acute Stroke in Chile: Data From a Nationwide Hospital Registry. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e035152. [PMID: 39023058 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.035152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of local contextual sex differences in the profile and outcome for stroke can improve service delivery. We aimed to determine sex differences in the profile of patients with acute stroke and their associations with in-hospital death in the national hospital database of Chile. METHODS AND RESULTS We present a retrospective cohort based on the analysis of the 2019 Chilean database of Diagnosis-Related Groups, which represents 70% of the operational expenditure of the public health system. Random-effects multiple logistic regression models were used to determine independent associations of acute stroke (defined by main diagnosis International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision [ICD-10] codes) and in-hospital death, and reported with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Of 1 048 575 hospital discharges, 15 535 were for patients with acute stroke (7074 [45.5%] in women), and 2438 (15.6%) of them died during hospitalization. Differences by sex in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were identified for stroke and main subtypes. After fully adjusted model, women with ischemic stroke had lower in-hospital death (OR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.69-0.91]) compared with men; other independent predictors included age per year increase (OR, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.03-1.04]), chronic kidney disease (OR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.20-1.80]), atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.26-1.80]), and other risk factors. Conversely, for intracerebral hemorrhage, women had a higher in-hospital mortality rate than men (OR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.02-1.40]); other independent predictors included age per year increase (OR, 1.009 [95% CI, 1.003-1.01]), chronic kidney disease (OR, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.23-1.97]), oral anticoagulant use (OR, 1.88 [95% CI, 1.37-2.58]), and other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Sex differences in characteristics and in-hospital death of hospitalized patients exist for acute stroke in Chile. In-hospital death is higher for acute ischemic stroke in men and higher for intracerebral hemorrhage in women. Future research is needed to better identify contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilaura Nuñez
- Centro de Estudios Clínicos Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
| | - Ma Ignacia Allende
- Centro de Estudios Clínicos Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
| | - Francisca González
- Centro de Estudios Clínicos Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Blanquerna Universitat Ramon Llull Barcelona Spain
| | - Gabriel Cavada
- Escuela de Salud Pública Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
- Facultad de Medicina Universidad Finis Terrae Santiago Chile
- Unidad de Investigación Clínica Clínica Alemana de Santiago Santiago Chile
| | - Craig S Anderson
- Centro de Estudios Clínicos Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
- The George Institute for Global Health Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Paula Muñoz Venturelli
- Centro de Estudios Clínicos Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
- The George Institute for Global Health Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
- Servicio de Neurología, Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Clínica Alemana de Santiago Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile
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Bhojani A, Alsager A, McCann JK, Joachim D, Kabati M, Jeong J. "If my wife earns more than me, she will force me to do what she wants": Women's economic empowerment and family caregiving dynamics in Tanzania. WORLD DEVELOPMENT 2024; 179:106626. [PMID: 38882390 PMCID: PMC11173358 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Women's economic empowerment is recognized as a fundamental component of gender equality and global development. Despite a significant body of evidence highlighting the positive effects of women's labor force participation in low- and middle-income countries, relatively few studies have explored how caregivers of young children perceive women's economic empowerment in relation to childcare and family responsibilities. The objective of this study was to examine how mothers and fathers viewed the links between maternal employment and family caregiving dynamics specifically in terms of couples' relationships and parenting. We conducted in-depth interviews with 23 mothers and 29 fathers of young children under aged 2 years and 9 focus group discussions with mothers and fathers across 4 communities in Mwanza, Tanzania. Data were analyzed through both deductive and inductive approaches. Results revealed distinct gender differences in maternal versus paternal perceptions regarding women's engagement in income-generating activities. Mothers held favorable views towards employment and largely perceived positive effects on parenting, child, and family outcomes. On the other hand, most fathers were unsupportive of women's employment and held restrictive gender attitudes. Men feared a loss of power and perceived various negative consequences in terms of increased marital conflict, poorer maternal parenting, and worse child outcomes. Overall, this study revealed differences in maternal versus paternal perceptions about women's economic empowerment and its links with couples' relationships and parenting that were strongly shaped by gender attitudes. Women's economic empowerment programs that engage men to transform gender norms while incorporating program components to strengthen couples' relationships and promote positive parenting have potential for achieving family-wide benefits among mothers, fathers, and young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Bhojani
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alya Alsager
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juliet K. McCann
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Damas Joachim
- Tanzania Home Economics Organization, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Mary Kabati
- Tanzania Home Economics Organization, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Joshua Jeong
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Glozah FN, Tabong PTN, Bazant E, Asampong E, Hornuvo R, Nwameme A, Peprah NY, Chandi GM, Adongo PB, Dako-Gyeke P. Implementation and effectiveness outcomes of Community Health Advocacy Teams to improve long-lasting insecticide net distribution and use in six districts in Ghana: A one-group pre-post-test study. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002123. [PMID: 38557578 PMCID: PMC10984411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Malaria remains a leading cause of illness and death especially among children and pregnant women in Ghana. Despite the efforts made by the National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP), including distribution of Long-Lasting Insecticide Nets (LLINs) to households through periodic Point Mass Distribution (PMD) campaigns and continuous channels (antenatal, schools and postnatal), there is a gap between access and use of LLINs in Ghana. An effective and functional community-based group that would seek to improve the effectiveness of LLIN distribution before, during, after PMD Campaigns and continuous distribution at the community level could help address this gap. This paper assesses the implementation outcomes and short-term effectiveness of the pilot implementation of co-created community health advocacy teams (CHAT) intervention in Ghanaian communities to plan and implement campaigns to increase LLIN use. The study employed a one-group pre-post study design and measured implementation outcomes (acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility) and effectiveness outcomes (LLIN awareness, LLIN access, willingness to purchase LLIN, and LLIN use) among 800 community households. The CHAT intervention was implemented for four months across six districts in the Eastern and Volta regions of Ghana. The data were downloaded directly from REDCap and analyzed statistically (descriptive and McNemar test of association) using SPSS 22 software. After the implementation period, the majority of respondents in all six districts indicated that the CHAT intervention was acceptable (89.8%), appropriate (89.5%), and feasible (90%). Also, there was a significant association between baseline and end-line assessment on all four effectiveness outcome measures. Household members' awareness of, access to, willingness to purchase, and use of LLINs increased significantly over the four-month period that the CHAT intervention was implemented. The study concludes that CHAT is an acceptable, appropriate, and feasible intervention for supporting the National Malaria Programme in LLIN PMD and for engaging in Social and Behaviour Change Communication activities through the continuous channels of distribution. Additionally, the CHAT demonstrates short-term effectiveness outcomes in terms of creating LLIN awareness, providing access to LLIN, and encouraging Ghanaian community members to be willing to purchase and use LLINs. Although the activities of CHAT members were largely voluntary, integration into the existing primary health care system will make it sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin N. Glozah
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Philip Teg-Nefaah Tabong
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Eva Bazant
- Health Campaign Effectiveness Coalition, Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Emmanuel Asampong
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ruby Hornuvo
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Adanna Nwameme
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Gloria M. Chandi
- Ghana Health Service, Ga North Municipal Health Directorate, Greater Accra, Ghana
| | - Philip Baba Adongo
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Phyllis Dako-Gyeke
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Yin J, Deng R, Meng Q, Feng Y, Zhang T. The future of universal health coverage: How can low- and middle-income countries 'break free from cocoons and transform'? J Glob Health 2024; 14:03021. [PMID: 38483437 PMCID: PMC10939111 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.03021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Yin
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety and School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Baoshan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoshan, China
- Healthy Yunnan Development Think Tank, Kunming, China
| | - Rui Deng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety and School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiong Meng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety and School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuemei Feng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety and School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety and School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Baoshan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoshan, China
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Schneider KR, Fanzo J, Haddad L, Herrero M, Moncayo JR, Herforth A, Remans R, Guarin A, Resnick D, Covic N, Béné C, Cattaneo A, Aburto N, Ambikapathi R, Aytekin D, Barquera S, Battersby J, Beal T, Molina PB, Cafiero C, Campeau C, Caron P, Conforti P, Damerau K, Di Girolamo M, DeClerck F, Dewi D, Elouafi I, Fabi C, Foley P, Frazier TJ, Gephart J, Golden C, Fischer CG, Hendriks S, Honorati M, Huang J, Kennedy G, Laar A, Lal R, Lidder P, Loken B, Marshall Q, Masuda YJ, McLaren R, Miachon L, Muñoz H, Nordhagen S, Qayyum N, Saisana M, Suhardiman D, Sumaila UR, Cullen MT, Tubiello FN, Vivero-Pol JL, Webb P, Wiebe K. The state of food systems worldwide in the countdown to 2030. NATURE FOOD 2023; 4:1090-1110. [PMID: 38114693 PMCID: PMC10730405 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00885-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
This Analysis presents a recently developed food system indicator framework and holistic monitoring architecture to track food system transformation towards global development, health and sustainability goals. Five themes are considered: (1) diets, nutrition and health; (2) environment, natural resources and production; (3) livelihoods, poverty and equity; (4) governance; and (5) resilience. Each theme is divided into three to five indicator domains, and indicators were selected to reflect each domain through a consultative process. In total, 50 indicators were selected, with at least one indicator available for every domain. Harmonized data of these 50 indicators provide a baseline assessment of the world's food systems. We show that every country can claim positive outcomes in some parts of food systems, but none are among the highest ranked across all domains. Furthermore, some indicators are independent of national income, and each highlights a specific aspiration for healthy, sustainable and just food systems. The Food Systems Countdown Initiative will track food systems annually to 2030, amending the framework as new indicators or better data emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate R Schneider
- School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Jessica Fanzo
- Columbia Climate School, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | - Mario Herrero
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Anna Herforth
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roseline Remans
- Glocolearning, Genk, Belgium
- Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT, Cali, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Guarin
- International Institute for Environment and Development, London, UK
| | - Danielle Resnick
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Namukolo Covic
- International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- CGIAR, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Béné
- Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT, Cali, Colombia
- Wageningen Economic Research Group, Wageningen University, Den Haag, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Cattaneo
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Nancy Aburto
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramya Ambikapathi
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Destan Aytekin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Simon Barquera
- Research Center of Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, México
| | | | - Ty Beal
- Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Carlo Cafiero
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Patrick Caron
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Cirad, Montpellier, France
- ART-DEV, Montpellier, France
| | - Piero Conforti
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Kerstin Damerau
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Michael Di Girolamo
- School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Fabrice DeClerck
- Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT, Cali, Colombia
- EAT Forum, Montpellier, France
| | - Deviana Dewi
- School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Carola Fabi
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Pat Foley
- Regional Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean, World Food Programme, Panama City, Panama
| | | | | | | | - Carlos Gonzalez Fischer
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Sheryl Hendriks
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK
| | | | - Jikun Huang
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Amos Laar
- School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Rattan Lal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Quinn Marshall
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Lais Miachon
- Columbia Climate School, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hernán Muñoz
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
- University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Naina Qayyum
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Diana Suhardiman
- Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies/KITLV, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - U Rashid Sumaila
- School of Public Policy and Global Affairs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Patrick Webb
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith Wiebe
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
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Ekusai-Sebatta D, Ocan M, Singh S, Kyaddondo D, Akena D, Nakalembe L, Apunyo R, Kinengyere AA, Namisango E, Obuku EA, Mwaka E. Data sharing practices in collaborative human genomic research in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review protocol. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292996. [PMID: 37917629 PMCID: PMC10621801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The practice of creating large databases has become increasingly common by combining research participants' data into larger repositories. Funders now require that data sharing be considered in newly funded research project, unless there are justifiable reasons not to do so. Access to genomic data brings along a host of ethical concerns as well as fairness and equity in the conduct of collaborative research between researchers from high- income and low-and middle-income countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review protocol will be developed in line with PRISMA -guidelines which refers to Open Science Framework, registered in PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/) record CRD42022297984 and published in a peer reviewed journal. Data sources will include PubMed, google scholar, EMBASE, Web of science and MEDLINE. Both published and grey literature will be searched. Subject matter experts including bioethicists, principal investigators of genomic research projects and research administrators will be contacted. After de-duplication, titles and abstracts will be screened for eligibility. Data extraction will be undertaken using a piloted form designed in EPPI-Reviewer software before conducting risk of bias assessments by a pair of reviewers, acting independently. Any discrepancies will be resolved by consensus. Analysis will be done using a structured narrative synthesis and where feasible metanalysis. This review will attempt to highlight the context of data sharing practices in the global North-South and South-South collaborative human genomic research in low- and middle-income countries. This review will enhance the body of evidence on ethical, legal and social implications of data sharing in international collaborative genomic research setting criteria for data sharing. The full report will be shared with relevant stakeholders including universities, civil society, funders, and departments of genomic research to ensure an adequate reach in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Ekusai-Sebatta
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses Ocan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
- Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews & Knowledge Translation, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Shenuka Singh
- Discipline of Dentistry, University of KwaZulu Natal, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - David Kyaddondo
- Child Health and Development Centre, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Dickens Akena
- Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews & Knowledge Translation, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Robert Apunyo
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Alison Annet Kinengyere
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
- Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews & Knowledge Translation, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Eve Namisango
- Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews & Knowledge Translation, Kampala, Uganda
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, Kings College London University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ekwaro A. Obuku
- Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews & Knowledge Translation, Kampala, Uganda
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Erisa Mwaka
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
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Mueller V, Páez-Bernal C, Gray C, Grépin K. The Gendered Consequences of COVID-19 for Internal Migration. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW 2023; 42:60. [PMID: 37397235 PMCID: PMC10307700 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-023-09809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Scant evidence exists to identify the effects of the pandemic on migrant women and the unique barriers on employment they endure. We merge longitudinal data from mobile phone surveys with subnational data on COVID cases to examine whether women were left more immobile and vulnerable to health risks, relative to men, during the pandemic in Kenya and Nigeria. Each survey interviewed approximately 2000 men and women over three rounds (November 2020-January 2021, March-April 2021, November 2021-January 2022). Linear regression analysis reveals internal migrants are no more vulnerable to knowing someone in their network with COVID. Rather, rural migrant women in Kenya and Nigeria were less vulnerable to transmission through their network, perhaps related to the possible wealth accumulation from migration or acquired knowledge of averting health risks from previous destinations. Per capita exposure to COVID cases hinders the inter-regional migration of women in both countries. Exposure to an additional COVID case per 10,000 people resulted in a decline in women's interregional migration by 6 and 2 percentage points in Kenya and Nigeria, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Mueller
- School of Politics and Global Studies, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC USA
| | - Camila Páez-Bernal
- School of Politics and Global Studies, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Clark Gray
- Department of Geography, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Karen Grépin
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Schucan Bird K, Stokes N, Tomlinson M, Rivas C. Ethically Driven and Methodologically Tailored: Setting the Agenda for Systematic Reviews in Domestic Violence and Abuse. JOURNAL OF FAMILY VIOLENCE 2023; 38:1-15. [PMID: 37358972 PMCID: PMC10068211 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-023-00541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Systematic reviews have an important, and growing, role to play in the global evidence eco-system of domestic violence and abuse. Alongside substantive contributions to knowledge, such reviews stimulate debates about ethical reviewing practices and the importance of tailoring methods to the nuances of the field. This paper aims to pinpoint a set of ethical and methodological priorities to guide and enhance review practices specifically in the field of domestic abuse. Method The five Pillars of the Research Integrity Framework (ethical guidelines for domestic abuse research) are used to interrogate the systematic review process. To do so, the Framework is retrospectively applied to a recently completed systematic review in domestic abuse. The review included a rapid systematic map and in-depth analysis of interventions aimed at creating or enhancing informal support and social networks for victim-survivors of abuse. Results Ethical and methodological priorities for systematic reviews in domestic abuse include (1) Safety and wellbeing: maintaining the wellbeing of researchers and stakeholders, and appraising the ethics of included studies, (2) Transparency/ accountability: transparent reporting of research funding, aims and methods together with explicit consideration of authorship of outputs, (3) Equality, human rights and social justice: developing diverse review teams/ Advisory groups, and review methods that aim to search for, and report, diverse perspectives. Considering researcher positionality/ reflexivity in the review, (4) Engagement: collaboration with non-academic stakeholders and individuals with lived experience throughout the review process, (5) Research Ethics: independent ethical scrutiny of systematic review proposals with input from researchers with expertise in systematic reviews and domestic abuse. Conclusion Additional research is required to comprehensively examine the ethics of each stage of the review process. In the meantime, attention should be given to the underpinning ethical framework for our systematic review practices and the wider research infrastructure that governs reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Schucan Bird
- Social Research Institute, University College London, 10 Woburn Sq, London, WC1H 0NR UK
| | - Nicola Stokes
- SafeLives, Suite 2a, Whitefriars, Lewins Mead, Bristol, BS1 2NT UK
| | - Martha Tomlinson
- SafeLives, Suite 2a, Whitefriars, Lewins Mead, Bristol, BS1 2NT UK
| | - Carol Rivas
- Social Research Institute, University College London, 10 Woburn Sq, London, WC1H 0NR UK
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