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Baruah S, Bhat DI, Devi BI, Uppar AM, Bharti K, Ramalingaiah AH. DREZotomy in the management of post brachial plexus root avulsion neuropathic pain: fMRI correlates for pain relief. Br J Neurosurg 2024; 38:327-331. [PMID: 33463389 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2021.1872769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deafferentiation pain following brachial plexus root avulsion has been documented to be severe enough to affect activities of daily living in patients. Microsurgical DREZotomy is known to alleviate the symptoms by decreasing the afferent signals transmitted from the spinal cord to sensory cortex. OBJECTIVES To document and analyse the effectiveness of DREZotomy and to evaluate the role of 'sensory cortex' in the cause and relief of dysesthetic pain, using fMRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective study conducted between 2010 and 2016 and included all patients who underwent DREZotomy for dysesthetic pain following traumatic brachial plexus injury (TBPI). Patients were evaluated both preoperatively and postoperatively with Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression score (HADS) and SF36 questionnaire and effectiveness of surgery was assessed. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the brain in resting state was performed before and after surgery and was also compared with controls. Patients underwent standard microsurgical DREZotomy from C5 to D1. Postoperative assessment was done at 6 weeks and 6 months following surgery. RESULTS Our series had 18 patients aged between 22 and 63 years. RTA was the most common cause of injury. There was significant decrease in pain at 6 months follow up compared to pre-operative values as assessed by VAS, HADS, SF36 questionnaire. fMRI analysis revealed cluster activations in the sensory, motor cortex and in the right cingulate gyrus in the preoperative group which was higher than in normal controls. In the postoperative group, the size of the resting state activation was significantly reduced. CONCLUSION DREZotomy is an effective procedure for TBPI patients. We hypothesize that these fMRI findings reflect the cortical reorganization that occurs not only after injury but also following successful surgery which explains the cause and relief of dyesthetic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyakam Baruah
- Department of Neurosurgery, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Alok Mohan Uppar
- Department of Neurosurgery, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Komal Bharti
- Department of Neurosurgery, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arvinda H Ramalingaiah
- Department of NeuroImaging and Interventional Radiology (NIIR), NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Cai R, Ling L, Ghimire M, Brownell KA, Caspary DM. Tinnitus-related increases in single-unit activity in awake rat auditory cortex correlate with tinnitus behavior. Hear Res 2024; 445:108993. [PMID: 38518392 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.108993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Tinnitus is known to affect 10-15 % of the population, severely impacting 1-2 % of those afflicted. Canonically, tinnitus is generally a consequence of peripheral auditory damage resulting in maladaptive plastic changes in excitatory/inhibitory homeostasis at multiple levels of the central auditory pathway as well as changes in diverse nonauditory structures. Animal studies of primary auditory cortex (A1) generally find tinnitus-related changes in excitability across A1 layers and differences between inhibitory neuronal subtypes. Changes due to sound-exposure include changes in spontaneous activity, cross-columnar synchrony, bursting and tonotopic organization. Few studies in A1 directly correlate tinnitus-related changes in neural activity to an individual animal's behavioral evidence of tinnitus. The present study used an established condition-suppression sound-exposure model of chronic tinnitus and recorded spontaneous and driven single-unit responses from A1 layers 5 and 6 of awake Long-Evans rats. A1 units recorded from animals with behavioral evidence of tinnitus showed significant increases in spontaneous and sound-evoked activity which directly correlated to the animal's tinnitus score. Significant increases in the number of bursting units, the number of bursts/minute and burst duration were seen for A1 units recorded from animals with behavioral evidence of tinnitus. The present A1 findings support prior unit recording studies in auditory thalamus and recent in vitro findings in this same animal model. The present findings are consistent with sensory cortical studies showing tinnitus- and neuropathic pain-related down-regulation of inhibition and increased excitation based on plastic neurotransmitter and potassium channel changes. Reducing A1 deep-layer tinnitus-related hyperactivity is a potential target for tinnitus pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, PO Box 19629, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, United States
| | - Lynne Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, PO Box 19629, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, United States
| | - Madan Ghimire
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, PO Box 19629, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, United States
| | - Kevin A Brownell
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, PO Box 19629, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, United States
| | - Donald M Caspary
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, PO Box 19629, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, United States.
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Parameshwarappa V, Norena AJ. The effects of acute and chronic noise trauma on stimulus-evoked activity across primary auditory cortex layers. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:225-240. [PMID: 38198658 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00427.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to intense noise environments is a major cause of sensorineural hearing loss and auditory perception disorders, such as tinnitus and hyperacusis, which may have a central origin. The effects of noise-induced hearing loss on the auditory cortex have been documented in many studies. One limitation of these studies, however, is that the effects of noise trauma have been mostly studied at the granular layer (i.e, the main cortical recipient of thalamic input), while the cortex is a very complex structure, with six different layers each having its own pattern of connectivity and role in sensory processing. The present study aims to investigate the effects of acute and chronic noise trauma on the laminar pattern of stimulus-evoked activity in the primary auditory cortex of the anesthetized guinea pig. We show that acute and chronic noise trauma are both followed by an increase in stimulus-evoked cortical responses, mostly in the granular and supragranular layers. The cortical responses are more monotonic as a function of the intensity level after noise trauma. There was minimal change, if any, in local field potential (LFP) amplitude after acute noise trauma, while LFP amplitude was enhanced after chronic noise trauma. Finally, LFP and the current source density analysis suggest that acute but more specifically chronic noise trauma is associated with the emergence of a new sink in the supragranular layer. This result suggests that supragranular layers become a major input recipient. We discuss the possible mechanisms and functional implications of these changes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study shows that cortical activity is enhanced after trauma and that the sequence of cortical column activation during stimulus-evoked response is altered, i.e. the supragranular layer becomes a major input recipient. We speculate that these large cortical changes may play a key role in the auditory hypersensitivity (hyperacusis) that can be triggered after noise trauma in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Parameshwarappa
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud J Norena
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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4
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Grootjans Y, Byczynski G, Vanneste S. The use of non-invasive brain stimulation in auditory perceptual learning: A review. Hear Res 2023; 439:108881. [PMID: 37689034 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Auditory perceptual learning is an experience-dependent form of auditory learning that can improve substantially throughout adulthood with practice. A key mechanism associated with perceptual learning is synaptic plasticity. In the last decades, an increasingly better understanding has formed about the neural mechanisms related to auditory perceptual learning. Research in animal models found an association between the functional organization of the primary auditory cortex and frequency discrimination ability. Several studies observed an increase in the area of representation to be associated with improved frequency discrimination. Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have been related to the promotion of plasticity. Despite its popularity in other fields, non-invasive brain stimulation has not been used much in auditory perceptual learning. The present review has discussed the application of non-invasive brain stimulation methods in auditory perceptual learning by discussing the mechanisms, current evidence and challenges, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Grootjans
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gabriel Byczynski
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
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5
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Ma G, Worthy KH, Liu C, Rosa MG, Atapour N. Parvalbumin as a neurochemical marker of the primate optic radiation. iScience 2023; 26:106608. [PMID: 37168578 PMCID: PMC10165026 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Parvalbumin (PV) is a calcium-binding protein that labels neuronal cell bodies in the magno and parvocellular layers of the primate lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). Here we demonstrate that PV immunohistochemistry can also be used to trace the optic radiation (OR) of the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) from its LGN origin to its destinations in the primary visual cortex (V1), thus providing a high-resolution method for identification of the OR with single axon resolution. The emergence of fibers from LGN, their entire course and even the entry points to V1 were clearly defined in coronal, parasagittal, and horizontal sections of marmoset brain. In all cases, the trajectory revealed by PV staining paralleled that defined by high-resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We found that V1 was the exclusive target for the PV-containing fibers, with abrupt transitions in staining observed in the white matter at the border with area V2, and no evidence of PV-labeled axons feeding into other visual areas. Changes in the pattern of PV staining in the OR were detected following V1 lesions, demonstrating that this method can be used to assess the progress of retrograde degeneration of geniculocortical projections. These results suggest a technically simple approach to advance our understanding of a major white matter structure, which provides a cellular resolution suitable for the detection of microstructural variations during development, health and disease. Understanding the relationship between PV staining and DTI in non-human primates may also offer clues for improving the specificity and sensitivity of OR tractography for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyuan Ma
- Neuroscience Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Katrina H. Worthy
- Neuroscience Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Cirong Liu
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Marcello G.P. Rosa
- Neuroscience Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Nafiseh Atapour
- Neuroscience Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Corresponding author
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Milinski L, Nodal FR, Vyazovskiy VV, Bajo VM. Tinnitus: at a crossroad between phantom perception and sleep. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac089. [PMID: 35620170 PMCID: PMC9128384 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory disconnection from the environment is a hallmark of sleep and is crucial
for sleep maintenance. It remains unclear, however, whether internally generated
percepts—phantom percepts—may overcome such disconnection and, in
turn, how sleep and its effect on sensory processing and brain plasticity may
affect the function of the specific neural networks underlying such phenomena. A
major hurdle in addressing this relationship is the methodological difficulty to
study sensory phantoms, due to their subjective nature and lack of control over
the parameters or neural activity underlying that percept. Here, we explore the
most prevalent phantom percept, subjective tinnitus—or tinnitus for
short—as a model to investigate this. Tinnitus is the permanent
perception of a sound with no identifiable corresponding acoustic source. This
review offers a novel perspective on the functional interaction between brain
activity across the sleep–wake cycle and tinnitus. We discuss
characteristic features of brain activity during tinnitus in the awake and the
sleeping brain and explore its effect on sleep functions and homeostasis. We ask
whether local changes in cortical activity in tinnitus may overcome sensory
disconnection and prevent the occurrence of global restorative sleep and, in
turn, how accumulating sleep pressure may temporarily alleviate the persistence
of a phantom sound. Beyond an acute interaction between sleep and neural
activity, we discuss how the effects of sleep on brain plasticity may contribute
to aberrant neural circuit activity and promote tinnitus consolidation. Tinnitus
represents a unique window into understanding the role of sleep in sensory
processing. Clarification of the underlying relationship may offer novel
insights into therapeutic interventions in tinnitus management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Milinski
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Fernando R. Nodal
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Vladyslav V. Vyazovskiy
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Victoria M. Bajo
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
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Partouche E, Adenis V, Gnansia D, Stahl P, Edeline JM. Increased Threshold and Reduced Firing Rate of Auditory Cortex Neurons after Cochlear Implant Insertion. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020205. [PMID: 35203968 PMCID: PMC8870646 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The cochlear implant (CI) is the most successful neuroprosthesis allowing thousands of patients with profound hearing loss to recover speech understanding. Recently, cochlear implants have been proposed to subjects with residual hearing and, in these cases, shorter CIs were implanted. To be successful, it is crucial to preserve the patient’s remaining hearing abilities after the implantation. Here, we quantified the effects of CI insertion on the responses of auditory cortex neurons in anesthetized guinea pigs. The responses of auditory cortex neurons were determined before and after the insertion of a 300 µm diameter CI (six stimulating electrodes, length 6 mm). Immediately after CI insertion there was a 5 to 15 dB increase in the threshold for cortical neurons from the middle to the high frequencies, accompanied by a decrease in the evoked firing rate. Analyzing the characteristic frequency (CF) values revealed that in large number of cases, the CFs obtained after insertion were lower than before. These effects were not detected in the control animals. These results indicate that there is a small but immediate cortical hearing loss after CI insertion, even with short length CIs. Therefore, efforts should be made to minimize the damages during CI insertion to preserve the cortical responses to acoustic stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Partouche
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neurosciences (Neuro-PSI), CNRS UMR 9197, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France; (E.P.); (V.A.)
| | - Victor Adenis
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neurosciences (Neuro-PSI), CNRS UMR 9197, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France; (E.P.); (V.A.)
| | - Dan Gnansia
- Department of Scientific and Clinical Research, Oticon Medical, 06224 Vallauris, France; (D.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Pierre Stahl
- Department of Scientific and Clinical Research, Oticon Medical, 06224 Vallauris, France; (D.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Jean-Marc Edeline
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neurosciences (Neuro-PSI), CNRS UMR 9197, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France; (E.P.); (V.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Sinha A, Metzner C, Davey N, Adams R, Schmuker M, Steuber V. Growth rules for the repair of Asynchronous Irregular neuronal networks after peripheral lesions. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008996. [PMID: 34061830 PMCID: PMC8195387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Several homeostatic mechanisms enable the brain to maintain desired levels of neuronal activity. One of these, homeostatic structural plasticity, has been reported to restore activity in networks disrupted by peripheral lesions by altering their neuronal connectivity. While multiple lesion experiments have studied the changes in neurite morphology that underlie modifications of synapses in these networks, the underlying mechanisms that drive these changes are yet to be explained. Evidence suggests that neuronal activity modulates neurite morphology and may stimulate neurites to selective sprout or retract to restore network activity levels. We developed a new spiking network model of peripheral lesioning and accurately reproduced the characteristics of network repair after deafferentation that are reported in experiments to study the activity dependent growth regimes of neurites. To ensure that our simulations closely resemble the behaviour of networks in the brain, we model deafferentation in a biologically realistic balanced network model that exhibits low frequency Asynchronous Irregular (AI) activity as observed in cerebral cortex. Our simulation results indicate that the re-establishment of activity in neurons both within and outside the deprived region, the Lesion Projection Zone (LPZ), requires opposite activity dependent growth rules for excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic elements. Analysis of these growth regimes indicates that they also contribute to the maintenance of activity levels in individual neurons. Furthermore, in our model, the directional formation of synapses that is observed in experiments requires that pre-synaptic excitatory and inhibitory elements also follow opposite growth rules. Lastly, we observe that our proposed structural plasticity growth rules and the inhibitory synaptic plasticity mechanism that also balances our AI network both contribute to the restoration of the network to pre-deafferentation stable activity levels. An accumulating body of evidence suggests that our brain can compensate for peripheral lesions by adaptive rewiring of its neuronal circuitry. The underlying process, structural plasticity, can modify the connectivity of neuronal networks in the brain, thus affecting their function. To better understand the mechanisms of structural plasticity in the brain, we have developed a novel model of peripheral lesions and the resulting activity-dependent rewiring in a simplified balanced cortical network model that exhibits biologically realistic Asynchronous Irregular (AI) activity. In order to accurately reproduce the directionality and course of network rewiring after injury that is observed in peripheral lesion experiments, we derive activity dependent growth rules for different synaptic elements: dendritic and axonal contacts. Our simulation results suggest that excitatory and inhibitory synaptic elements have to react to changes in neuronal activity in opposite ways. We show that these rules result in a homeostatic stabilisation of activity in individual neurons. In our simulations, both synaptic and structural plasticity mechanisms contribute to network repair. Furthermore, our simulations indicate that while activity is restored in neurons deprived by the peripheral lesion, the temporal firing characteristics of the network may not be retained by the rewiring process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sinha
- UH Biocomputation Research Group, Centre for Computer Science and Informatics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Christoph Metzner
- UH Biocomputation Research Group, Centre for Computer Science and Informatics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield United Kingdom
- Department of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Neil Davey
- UH Biocomputation Research Group, Centre for Computer Science and Informatics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield United Kingdom
| | - Roderick Adams
- UH Biocomputation Research Group, Centre for Computer Science and Informatics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield United Kingdom
| | - Michael Schmuker
- UH Biocomputation Research Group, Centre for Computer Science and Informatics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield United Kingdom
| | - Volker Steuber
- UH Biocomputation Research Group, Centre for Computer Science and Informatics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield United Kingdom
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De Ridder D, Langguth B, Vanneste S. Vagus nerve stimulation for tinnitus: A review and perspective. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 262:451-467. [PMID: 33931191 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation is a promising new tool in the treatment of chronic tinnitus. Current protocols involve pairing sounds, which exclude the tinnitus frequency, with simultaneous vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). This is based on extensive preclinical animal studies that demonstrate that pairing non-tinnitus sounds with VNS results in a tonotopic map plasticity. It is thought that by expanding the non-tinnitus sound representation, it is possible to overturn the expanded tonotopic map associated with the tinnitus frequency in these animal models. These findings have been translated into a clinical approach, where a clinically significant, but moderate improvement, in tinnitus distress and a modest benefit in tinnitus loudness perception has been shown. Yet, pairing tinnitus matched sound to VNS may produce tinnitus improvement by Pavlovian conditioning, in which the distressful tinnitus sound becomes associated with a relaxing "rest and digest" response from activation of the vagus nerve. If this hypothesis is correct, beneficial effects should be achieved with paired sounds that resemble the tinnitus sounds as much as possible. In conclusion, although the potential to use VNS to drive neural plasticity to reduce or eliminate the neural drivers of ongoing tinnitus is exciting, much work is needed to more completely understand the neural basis of tinnitus and to develop tailored therapies to address the suffering caused by this heterogeneous condition. Whether pairing of the vagus stimulation with non-tinnitus or tinnitus-matched sounds is essential is still to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk De Ridder
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Neurosurgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Berthold Langguth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States; Global Brain Health Institute & Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Makin TR, Flor H. Brain (re)organisation following amputation: Implications for phantom limb pain. Neuroimage 2020; 218:116943. [PMID: 32428706 PMCID: PMC7422832 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Following arm amputation the region that represented the missing hand in primary somatosensory cortex (S1) becomes deprived of its primary input, resulting in changed boundaries of the S1 body map. This remapping process has been termed 'reorganisation' and has been attributed to multiple mechanisms, including increased expression of previously masked inputs. In a maladaptive plasticity model, such reorganisation has been associated with phantom limb pain (PLP). Brain activity associated with phantom hand movements is also correlated with PLP, suggesting that preserved limb functional representation may serve as a complementary process. Here we review some of the most recent evidence for the potential drivers and consequences of brain (re)organisation following amputation, based on human neuroimaging. We emphasise other perceptual and behavioural factors consequential to arm amputation, such as non-painful phantom sensations, perceived limb ownership, intact hand compensatory behaviour or prosthesis use, which have also been related to both cortical changes and PLP. We also discuss new findings based on interventions designed to alter the brain representation of the phantom limb, including augmented/virtual reality applications and brain computer interfaces. These studies point to a close interaction of sensory changes and alterations in brain regions involved in body representation, pain processing and motor control. Finally, we review recent evidence based on methodological advances such as high field neuroimaging and multivariate techniques that provide new opportunities to interrogate somatosensory representations in the missing hand cortical territory. Collectively, this research highlights the need to consider potential contributions of additional brain mechanisms, beyond S1 remapping, and the dynamic interplay of contextual factors with brain changes for understanding and alleviating PLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar R Makin
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Germany; Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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11
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Persic D, Thomas ME, Pelekanos V, Ryugo DK, Takesian AE, Krumbholz K, Pyott SJ. Regulation of auditory plasticity during critical periods and following hearing loss. Hear Res 2020; 397:107976. [PMID: 32591097 PMCID: PMC8546402 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.107976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sensory input has profound effects on neuronal organization and sensory maps in the brain. The mechanisms regulating plasticity of the auditory pathway have been revealed by examining the consequences of altered auditory input during both developmental critical periods—when plasticity facilitates the optimization of neural circuits in concert with the external environment—and in adulthood—when hearing loss is linked to the generation of tinnitus. In this review, we summarize research identifying the molecular, cellular, and circuit-level mechanisms regulating neuronal organization and tonotopic map plasticity during developmental critical periods and in adulthood. These mechanisms are shared in both the juvenile and adult brain and along the length of the auditory pathway, where they serve to regulate disinhibitory networks, synaptic structure and function, as well as structural barriers to plasticity. Regulation of plasticity also involves both neuromodulatory circuits, which link plasticity with learning and attention, as well as ascending and descending auditory circuits, which link the auditory cortex and lower structures. Further work identifying the interplay of molecular and cellular mechanisms associating hearing loss-induced plasticity with tinnitus will continue to advance our understanding of this disorder and lead to new approaches to its treatment. During CPs, brain plasticity is enhanced and sensitive to acoustic experience. Enhanced plasticity can be reinstated in the adult brain following hearing loss. Molecular, cellular, and circuit-level mechanisms regulate CP and adult plasticity. Plasticity resulting from hearing loss may contribute to the emergence of tinnitus. Modifying plasticity in the adult brain may offer new treatments for tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Persic
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maryse E Thomas
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye & Ear and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vassilis Pelekanos
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - David K Ryugo
- Hearing Research, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Department of Otolaryngology, Head, Neck & Skull Base Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Anne E Takesian
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye & Ear and Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katrin Krumbholz
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sonja J Pyott
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Eggermont JJ. Separate auditory pathways for the induction and maintenance of tinnitus and hyperacusis? PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 260:101-127. [PMID: 33637214 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tinnitus and hyperacusis often occur together, however tinnitus may occur without hyperacusis or hyperacusis without tinnitus. Based on animal research one could argue that hyperacusis results from noise exposures that increase central gain in the lemniscal, tonotopically organized, pathways, whereas tinnitus requires increased burst firing and neural synchrony in the extra-lemniscal pathway. However, these substrates are not sufficient and require involvement of the central nervous system. The dominant factors in changing cortical networks in tinnitus patients are foremost the degree and type of hearing loss, and comorbidities such as distress and mood. So far, no definite changes have been established for tinnitus proper, albeit that changes in connectivity between the dorsal attention network and the parahippocampal area, as well as the default-mode network-precuneus decoupling, appear to be strong candidates. I conclude that there is still a strong need for further integrating animal and human research into tinnitus and hyperacusis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos J Eggermont
- Department of Psychology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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13
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Glennon E, Svirsky MA, Froemke RC. Auditory cortical plasticity in cochlear implant users. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2019; 60:108-114. [PMID: 31864104 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cochlear implants are one of the most successful neuroprosthetic devices that have been developed to date. Profoundly deaf patients can achieve speech perception after complete loss of sensory input. Despite the improvements many patients experience, there is still a large degree of outcome variability. It has been proposed that central plasticity may be a major factor in the different levels of benefit that patients experience. However, the neural mechanisms of how plasticity impacts cochlear implant learning and the degree of plasticity's influence remain unknown. Here, we review the human and animal research on three of the main ways that central plasticity affects cochlear implant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Glennon
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mario A Svirsky
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Robert C Froemke
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute Faculty Scholar, USA.
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14
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Wang JJ, Feng YM, Wang H, Wu YQ, Shi HB, Chen ZN, Yin SK. Changes in tinnitus after vestibular schwannoma surgery. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1743. [PMID: 30742012 PMCID: PMC6370768 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38582-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We designed a prospective study to evaluate changes in tinnitus after vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery. Subjects included 41 patients who were diagnosed with a VS and underwent translabyrinthine microsurgery (TLM) between January 2015 and May 2016. All patients underwent related examinations and were asked to answer the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) scale and a visual analog scale (VAS) of tinnitus severity both pre- and postoperatively. Of the 41 patients, 31 (75.6%) suffered from tinnitus before surgery. Microsurgery was associated with an overall decrease in tinnitus (p < 0.001). There was a significant improvement in THI and VAS scores after surgery (p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). The decrease in THI scores in the low-frequency group was significantly larger than that of the mid- and high-frequency groups after surgery (p = 0.034 and p = 0.001, respectively). The loudness of tinnitus decreased significantly after surgery (p = 0.031). Tinnitus in patients with VS improved after TLM. Patients with mid-/high-frequency tinnitus and louder tinnitus preoperatively seemed to have a worse prognosis than those with low-frequency and quieter tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Wang
- Otolaryngology Institute, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yan-Mei Feng
- Otolaryngology Institute, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Otolaryngology Institute, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ya-Qin Wu
- Otolaryngology Institute, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Hai-Bo Shi
- Otolaryngology Institute, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zheng-Nong Chen
- Otolaryngology Institute, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Shan-Kai Yin
- Otolaryngology Institute, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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15
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Ponticorvo S, Manara R, Pfeuffer J, Cappiello A, Cuoco S, Pellecchia MT, Saponiero R, Troisi D, Cassandro C, John M, Scarpa A, Cassandro E, Di Salle F, Esposito F. Cortical pattern of reduced perfusion in hearing loss revealed by ASL-MRI. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:2475-2487. [PMID: 30715769 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (HL) can be related to brain dysfunction or structural damage and may result in cerebral metabolic/perfusion abnormalities. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows investigating noninvasively brain perfusion changes. Pseudocontinuous ASL and T1-weighted MRI (at 3 T) and neuropsychological testing (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) were performed in 31 HL (age range = 47-77 years, mean age ± SD = 63.4 ± 8.4 years, pure-tone average [PTA] HL > 50 dB) and 28 normal hearing (NH; age range = 48-78 years, mean age ± SD = 59.7 ± 7.4 years) subjects. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and gray matter volume (GMV) were analyzed in the cortical volume to assess perfusion and structural group differences. Two HL subjects showing cognitive impairment were excluded from group comparisons. No significant differences in either global or local atrophy were detected between groups but the HL group exhibited significant regional effects of reduced perfusion within the bilateral primary auditory cortex, with maximal CBF difference (-17.2%) in the right lateral Heschl's gyrus. For the whole sample of HL and NH subjects (n = 59 = 31 HL + 28 NH), the regional CBF was correlated positively to the regional GMV (p = 0.020). In HL subjects (n = 31), the regional CBF was correlated negatively to the audiogram steepness (frequency range: 2-4 kHz, right ear: p = 0.022, left ear: p = 0.015). The observed cortical pattern of perfusion reduction suggests that neuronal metabolism can be related to HL before the recognition of brain structural damage. This also illustrates the potential of ASL-MRI to contribute early functional markers of reduced central processing associated with HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ponticorvo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Renzo Manara
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Josef Pfeuffer
- MR Application Development, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arianna Cappiello
- Department of Neurosciences and Craniofacial Disorders, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Sofia Cuoco
- Department of Neurosciences and Craniofacial Disorders, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Pellecchia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences and Craniofacial Disorders, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Renato Saponiero
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Donato Troisi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences and Craniofacial Disorders, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Claudia Cassandro
- Department of Neurosciences and Craniofacial Disorders, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Marta John
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alfonso Scarpa
- Department of Neurosciences and Craniofacial Disorders, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Ettore Cassandro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences and Craniofacial Disorders, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Salle
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Esposito
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
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16
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Noda K, Kitahara T, Doi K. Sound Change Integration Error: An Explanatory Model of Tinnitus. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:831. [PMID: 30538615 PMCID: PMC6277469 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of research is focused on identifying and understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms that underlie tinnitus. Unfortunately, however, most current models cannot adequately explain the majority of tinnitus features. For instance, although tinnitus generally appears within minutes after entering a silent environment, most models postulate that tinnitus emerges over a much larger timescale (days). Similarly, there is a limited understanding of how the severity of tinnitus can differ in patients with a similar degree of hearing loss. To address this critical knowledge gap, we have formulated a novel explanatory model of tinnitus, the perception-update (PU) model, which rests on a theory of information processing and can explain several key characteristics of tinnitus onset. The PU model posits that the brain continuously updates the information received from the inner ear by comparing it to the received information immediately before. That is, the auditory system processes the relative change in sensory input, as opposed to the absolute value of the auditory input. This is analogous to the functioning of data compression technology used for music and images called differential pulse code modulation (differential PCM). The PU model proposes that the inner ear transmits sound change to the auditory cortex via an auditory N1 response, an event-related potential component that constitutes is a prime signaler of auditory input change. In cases of hearing impairment, the PU model posits that the auditory system finds itself in a state of uncertainty where perception has to be predicted based on previous stimulation parameters, which can lead to the emergence of tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tadashi Kitahara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Katsumi Doi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan
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17
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Pereira-Jorge MR, Andrade KC, Palhano-Fontes FX, Diniz PRB, Sturzbecher M, Santos AC, Araujo DB. Anatomical and Functional MRI Changes after One Year of Auditory Rehabilitation with Hearing Aids. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:9303674. [PMID: 30275823 PMCID: PMC6151682 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9303674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing aids (HAs) are an effective strategy for auditory rehabilitation in patients with peripheral hearing deficits. Yet, the neurophysiological mechanisms behind HA use are still unclear. Thus far, most studies have focused on changes in the auditory system, although it is expected that hearing deficits affect a number of cognitive systems, notably speech. In the present study, we used audiometric evaluations in 14 patients with bilateral hearing loss before and after one year of continuous HA use and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and cortical thickness analysis in 12 and 10 of them compared with a normal hearing control group. Prior to HA fitting, fMRI activity was found reduced in the auditory and language systems and increased in visual and frontal areas, expanding to multimodal integration cortices, such as the superior temporal gyrus, intraparietal sulcus, and insula. One year after rehabilitation with HA, significant audiometric improvement was observed, especially in free-field Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) test and functional gain, a measure of HA efficiency. HA use increased fMRI activity in the auditory and language cortices and multimodal integration areas. Individual fMRI signal changes from all these areas were positively correlated with individual SRT changes. Before rehabilitation, cortical thickness was increased in parts of the prefrontal cortex, precuneus, fusiform gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus. It was reduced in the insula, supramarginal gyrus, medial temporal gyrus, occipital cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and claustrum. After HA use, increased cortical thickness was observed in multimodal integration regions, particularly the very caudal end of the superior temporal sulcus, the angular gyrus, and the inferior parietal gyrus/superior temporal gyrus/insula. Our data provide the first evidence that one year of HA use is related to functional and anatomical brain changes, notably in auditory and language systems, extending to multimodal cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Pereira-Jorge
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - K. C. Andrade
- Brain Institute/Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - F. X. Palhano-Fontes
- Brain Institute/Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - P. R. B. Diniz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - M. Sturzbecher
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - A. C. Santos
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - D. B. Araujo
- Brain Institute/Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
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18
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Takacs JD, Forrest TJ, Basura GJ. Noise exposure alters long-term neural firing rates and synchrony in primary auditory and rostral belt cortices following bimodal stimulation. Hear Res 2017; 356:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Mathew R, Undurraga J, Li G, Meerton L, Boyle P, Shaida A, Selvadurai D, Jiang D, Vickers D. Objective assessment of electrode discrimination with the auditory change complex in adult cochlear implant users. Hear Res 2017; 354:86-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Verger A, Roman S, Chaudat RM, Felician O, Ceccaldi M, Didic M, Guedj E. Changes of metabolism and functional connectivity in late-onset deafness: Evidence from cerebral 18F-FDG-PET. Hear Res 2017; 353:8-16. [PMID: 28759745 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss is known to impact brain function. The aim of this study was to characterize cerebral metabolic Positron Emission Tomography (PET) changes in elderly patients fulfilling criteria for cochlear implant and investigate the impact of hearing loss on functional connectivity. Statistical Parametric Mapping-T-scores-maps comparisons of 18F-FDG-PET of 27 elderly patients fulfilling criteria for cochlear implant for hearing loss (best-aided speech intelligibility lower or equal to 50%) and 27 matched healthy subjects (p < 0.005, corrected for volume extent) were performed. Metabolic connectivity was evaluated through interregional correlation analysis. Patients were found to have decreased metabolism within the right associative auditory cortex, while increased metabolism was found in prefrontal areas, pre- and post-central areas, the cingulum and the left inferior parietal gyrus. The right associative auditory cortex was integrated into a network of increased metabolic connectivity that included pre- and post-central areas, the cingulum, the right inferior parietal gyrus, as well as the striatum on both sides. Metabolic values of the right associative auditory cortex and left inferior parietal gyrus were positively correlated with performance on neuropsychological test scores. These findings provide further insight into the reorganization of the connectome through sensory loss and compensatory mechanisms in elderly patients with severe hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Verger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Timone University Hospital, France; Department of Nuclear Medicine & Nancyclotep Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, Lorraine University, France; IADI, INSERM, UMR 947, Lorraine University, Nancy, France
| | - Stéphane Roman
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology and Neck Surgery, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Timone University Hospital, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, UMR 1106, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Rose-May Chaudat
- Department of Neurology and Neuropsychology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Timone University Hospital, France
| | - Olivier Felician
- Department of Neurology and Neuropsychology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Timone University Hospital, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, UMR 1106, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Mathieu Ceccaldi
- Department of Neurology and Neuropsychology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Timone University Hospital, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, UMR 1106, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Mira Didic
- Department of Neurology and Neuropsychology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Timone University Hospital, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, UMR 1106, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Guedj
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Timone University Hospital, France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR 7289, INT, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Marseille, France; CERIMED, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
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21
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Blake DT. Network Supervision of Adult Experience and Learning Dependent Sensory Cortical Plasticity. Compr Physiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Cheung SW, Atencio CA, Levy ERJ, Froemke RC, Schreiner CE. Anisomorphic cortical reorganization in asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss. J Neurophysiol 2017; 118:932-948. [PMID: 28515283 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00119.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acoustic trauma or inner ear disease may predominantly injure one ear, causing asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). While characteristic frequency (CF) map plasticity of primary auditory cortex (AI) contralateral to the injured ear has been detailed, there is no study that also evaluates ipsilateral AI to compare cortical reorganization across both hemispheres. We assess whether the normal isomorphic mirror-image relationship between the two hemispheres is maintained or disrupted in mild-to-moderate asymmetric SNHL of adult squirrel monkeys. At week 24 after induction of acoustic injury to the right ear, functional organization of the two hemispheres differs in direction and magnitude of interaural CF difference, percentage of recording sites with spectrally nonoverlapping binaural activation, and the concurrence of peripheral and central activation thresholds. The emergence of this anisomorphic cortical reorganization of the two hemispheres is replicated by simulation based on spike timing-dependent plasticity, where 1) AI input from the contralateral ear is dominant, 2) reestablishment of relatively shorter contralateral ear input timing drives reorganization, and 3) only AI contralateral to the injured ear undergoes major realignment of interaural frequency maps that evolve over months. Asymmetric SNHL disrupts isomorphic organization between the two hemispheres and results in relative local hemispheric autonomy, potentially impairing performance of tasks that require binaural input alignment or interhemispheric processing.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Mild-to-moderate hearing loss in one ear and essentially normal hearing in the other triggers cortical reorganization that is different in the two hemispheres. Asymmetry of cochlea sensitivities does not simply propagate to the two auditory cortices in mirror-image fashion. The resulting anisomorphic cortical reorganization may be a neurophysiological basis of clinical deficits in asymmetric hearing loss, such as difficulty with hearing in noise, impaired spatial hearing, and accelerated decline of the poorer ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven W Cheung
- Coleman Memorial Laboratory and UCSF Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; .,Section of Otorhinolaryngology (112B), Surgical Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Craig A Atencio
- Coleman Memorial Laboratory and UCSF Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Eliott R J Levy
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York; and
| | - Robert C Froemke
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York; and.,Skirball Institute, Neuroscience Institute, Department of Otolaryngology, and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Christoph E Schreiner
- Coleman Memorial Laboratory and UCSF Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
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23
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Xiong B, Alkharabsheh A, Manohar S, Chen GD, Yu N, Zhao X, Salvi R, Sun W. Hyperexcitability of inferior colliculus and acoustic startle reflex with age-related hearing loss. Hear Res 2017; 350:32-42. [PMID: 28431308 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic tinnitus and hyperacusis often develop with age-related hearing loss presumably due to aberrant neural activity in the central auditory system (CAS) induced by cochlear pathologies. However, the full spectrum of physiological changes that occur in the CAS as a result age-related hearing loss are still poorly understood. To address this issue, neurophysiological measures were obtained from the cochlea and the inferior colliculus (IC) of 2, 6 and 12 month old C57BL/6J mice, a mouse model for early age-related hearing loss. Thresholds of the compound action potentials (CAP) in 6 and 12 month old mice were significantly higher than in 2 month old mice. The sound driven and spontaneous firing rates of IC neurons, recorded with 16 channel electrodes, revealed mean IC thresholds of 22.8 ± 6.5 dB (n = 167) at 2 months, 37.9 ± 6.2 dB (n = 132) at 6 months and 47.1 ± 15.3 dB (n = 151) at 12 months of age consistent with the rise in CAP thresholds. The characteristic frequencies (CF) of IC neurons ranged from 3 to 32 kHz in 2 month old mice; the upper CF ranged decreased to 26 kHz and 16 kHz in 6 and 12 month old mice respectively. The percentage of IC neurons with CFs between 8 and 12 kHz increased from 36.5% in 2 month old mice, to 48.8% and 76.2% in 6 and 12 month old mice, respectively, suggesting a downshift of IC CFs due to the high-frequency hearing loss. The average spontaneous firing rate (SFRs) of all recorded neurons in 2 month old mice was 3.2 ± 2.5 Hz (n = 167). For 6 and 12 month old mice, the SFRs of low CF neurons (<8 kHz) was maintained at 3-6 spikes/s; whereas SFRs of IC neurons with CFs > 8 kHz increased to 13.0 ± 15.4 (n = 68) Hz at 6 months of age and then declined to 4.8 ± 7.4 (n = 110) spikes/s at 12 months of age. In addition, sound-evoked activity at suprathreshold levels at 6 months of age was much higher than at 2 and 12 months of age. To evaluate the behavioral consequences of sound evoked hyperactivity in the IC, the amplitude of the acoustic startle reflex was measured at 4, 8 and 16 kHz using narrow band noise bursts. Acoustic startle reflex amplitudes in 6 and 12 month old mice (n = 4) were significantly larger than 2 month old mice (n = 4) at 4 and 8 kHz, but not 16 kHz. The enhanced reflex amplitudes suggest that high-intensity, low-frequency sounds are perceived as louder than normal in 6 and 12 month old mice compared to 2 month olds. The increased spontaneous activity, particularly at 6 months, may be related to tinnitus whereas the increase in sound-evoked activity and startle reflex amplitudes may be related to hyperacusis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, PR China; Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Science, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Ana'am Alkharabsheh
- Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Science, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Senthilvelan Manohar
- Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Science, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Guang-Di Chen
- Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Science, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Ning Yu
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, General Hospital of PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, PR China
| | - Richard Salvi
- Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Science, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Wei Sun
- Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Science, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States.
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High-Resolution fMRI of Auditory Cortical Map Changes in Unilateral Hearing Loss and Tinnitus. Brain Topogr 2017; 30:685-697. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-017-0547-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Acquired hearing loss and brain plasticity. Hear Res 2017; 343:176-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Colin D, Micheyl C, Girod A, Truy E, Gallégo S. Binaural Diplacusis and Its Relationship with Hearing-Threshold Asymmetry. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159975. [PMID: 27536884 PMCID: PMC4990190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Binaural pitch diplacusis refers to a perceptual anomaly whereby the same sound is perceived as having a different pitch depending on whether it is presented in the left or the right ear. Results in the literature suggest that this phenomenon is more prevalent, and larger, in individuals with asymmetric hearing loss than in individuals with symmetric hearing. However, because studies devoted to this effect have thus far involved small samples, the prevalence of the effect, and its relationship with interaural asymmetries in hearing thresholds, remain unclear. In this study, psychometric functions for interaural pitch comparisons were measured in 55 subjects, including 12 normal-hearing and 43 hearing-impaired participants. Statistically significant pitch differences between the left and right ears were observed in normal-hearing participants, but the effect was usually small (less than 1.5/16 octave, or about 7%). For the hearing-impaired participants, statistically significant interaural pitch differences were found in about three-quarters of the cases. Moreover, for about half of these participants, the difference exceeded 1.5/16 octaves and, in some participants, was as large as or larger than 1/4 octave. This was the case even for the lowest frequency tested, 500 Hz. The pitch differences were weakly, but significantly, correlated with the difference in hearing thresholds between the two ears, such that larger threshold asymmetries were statistically associated with larger pitch differences. For the vast majority of the hearing-impaired participants, the direction of the pitch differences was such that pitch was perceived as higher on the side with the higher (i.e., ‘worse’) hearing thresholds than on the opposite side. These findings are difficult to reconcile with purely temporal models of pitch perception, but may be accounted for by place-based or spectrotemporal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Colin
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, IMPACT Team, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon, France
- Institut des Sciences et Techniques de la Réadaptation, Lyon, France
- University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Anneline Girod
- Institut des Sciences et Techniques de la Réadaptation, Lyon, France
| | - Eric Truy
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, IMPACT Team, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon, France
- Departement ORL, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire, Lyon, France
- University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Gallégo
- Institut des Sciences et Techniques de la Réadaptation, Lyon, France
- University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Welsh LW, Welsh JJ, Rosen LF, Dragonette JE. Functional Impairments Due to Unilateral Deafness. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2016; 113:987-93. [PMID: 15633902 DOI: 10.1177/000348940411301209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The authors investigated the impact of unilateral listening upon two central auditory functions: speech discrimination in a noisy environment, and the ability to process and clearly recognize modestly accelerated speech by 30% compression (shortened exposure). We determined that the negative impact of listening to speech in the milieu of noise was individually variable. The data revealed a wide range of impairment, from mild to relatively severe (ie, 0% to 60% [mean, 34%]; normative data, 4% to 36% [mean, 14%]). The performance scores for recognition of compressed sentences were not markedly influenced by unilateral deafness, but the functional results of the residual ear were correlated with a loss of high-frequency sensitivity (mean of 54% correct in severe unilateral deafness with an associated high-frequency loss versus 93% correct in normal controls). Reorganization of the central nervous system by "plasticity" or biological maturation over time failed to improve the performance of monaural listening. The currently recommended methods of remediation for this sensory deficit are discussed, and newer technologies under investigation are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis W Welsh
- Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Temple University Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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28
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Chang JL, Pross SE, Findlay AM, Mizuiri D, Henderson-Sabes J, Garrett C, Nagarajan SS, Cheung SW. Spatial plasticity of the auditory cortex in single-sided deafness. Laryngoscope 2016; 126:2785-2791. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.25961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jolie L. Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco California U.S.A
| | - Seth E. Pross
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco California U.S.A
| | - Anne M. Findlay
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco California U.S.A
| | - Danielle Mizuiri
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco California U.S.A
| | - Jennifer Henderson-Sabes
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco California U.S.A
| | - Coleman Garrett
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco California U.S.A
| | - Srikantan S. Nagarajan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco California U.S.A
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco California U.S.A
| | - Steven W. Cheung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco California U.S.A
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29
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Sammons RP, Keck T. Adult plasticity and cortical reorganization after peripheral lesions. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2015; 35:136-41. [PMID: 26313527 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Following loss of input due to peripheral lesions, functional reorganization occurs in the deprived cortical region in adults. Over a period of hours to months, cells in the lesion projection zone (LPZ) begin to respond to novel stimuli. This reorganization is mediated by two processes: a reduction of inhibition in a gradient throughout the cortex and input remapping via sprouting of axonal arbors from cortical regions spatially adjacent to the LPZ, and strengthening of pre-existing subthreshold inputs. Together these inputs facilitate receptive field remapping of cells in the LPZ. Recent experiments have revealed time courses and potential interactions of the mechanisms associated with functional reorganization, suggesting that large scale reorganization in the adult may utilize plasticity mechanisms prominent during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna P Sammons
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tara Keck
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK.
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30
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Leaver AM, Seydell-Greenwald A, Rauschecker JP. Auditory-limbic interactions in chronic tinnitus: Challenges for neuroimaging research. Hear Res 2015; 334:49-57. [PMID: 26299843 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tinnitus is a widespread auditory disorder affecting approximately 10-15% of the population, often with debilitating consequences. Although tinnitus commonly begins with damage to the auditory system due to loud-noise exposure, aging, or other etiologies, the exact neurophysiological basis of chronic tinnitus remains unknown. Many researchers point to a central auditory origin of tinnitus; however, a growing body of evidence also implicates other brain regions, including the limbic system. Correspondingly, we and others have proposed models of tinnitus in which the limbic and auditory systems both play critical roles and interact with one another. Specifically, we argue that damage to the auditory system generates an initial tinnitus signal, consistent with previous research. In our model, this "transient" tinnitus is suppressed when a limbic frontostriatal network, comprised of ventromedial prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum, successfully modulates thalamocortical transmission in the auditory system. Thus, in chronic tinnitus, limbic-system damage and resulting inefficiency of auditory-limbic interactions prevents proper compensation of the tinnitus signal. Neuroimaging studies utilizing connectivity methods like resting-state fMRI and diffusion MRI continue to uncover tinnitus-related anomalies throughout auditory, limbic, and other brain systems. However, directly assessing interactions between these brain regions and networks has proved to be more challenging. Here, we review existing empirical support for models of tinnitus stressing a critical role for involvement of "non-auditory" structures in tinnitus pathophysiology, and discuss the possible impact of newly refined connectivity techniques from neuroimaging on tinnitus research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Leaver
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Josef P Rauschecker
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; Institute for Advanced Study, TUM, Munich, Germany.
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Todt I, Rademacher G, Mutze S, Ramalingam R, Wolter S, Mittmann P, Wagner J, Ernst A. Relationship between intracochlear electrode position and tinnitus in cochlear implantees. Acta Otolaryngol 2015; 135:781-5. [PMID: 25812721 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2015.1024332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION Cochlear implant electrode position has an impact on the rate of tinnitus suppression and generation. OBJECTIVE Suppression of pre-operative tinnitus or a generation of a new tinnitus in cochlear implantees is a known effect of cochlear implantation. The aim of the current study was to evaluate different cochlear implant electrode positions and their relationship with tinnitus suppression and tinnitus generation. METHOD This study retrospectively evaluated four groups of CI recipients with radiologically evaluated electrode positions in relation to their subjective tinnitus quality, as evaluated by an analogue loudness scale (ALS) and a questionnaire. Group 1 consisted of 19 patients with a scalar change of the electrode position. Group 2 consisted of 18 patients with a scala tympani position and a perimodiolar electrode. Group 3 consisted of 10 patients with a scala tympani position and a lateral wall electrode. Group 4 consisted of eight patients with a scala vestibuli position. RESULTS An overall tinnitus suppression rate of 45.9% and a generation of a new tinnitus or the deterioration of an existing one of 5.6% were observed. A significant difference in tinnitus suppression was found between groups 1 and groups 2, 3, and 4 in tinnitus suppression and tinnitus generation.
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Chabot N, Butler BE, Lomber SG. Differential modification of cortical and thalamic projections to cat primary auditory cortex following early- and late-onset deafness. J Comp Neurol 2015; 523:2297-320. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.23790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Chabot
- Cerebral Systems Laboratory; University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 5C2
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Blake E. Butler
- Cerebral Systems Laboratory; University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 5C2
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Stephen G. Lomber
- Cerebral Systems Laboratory; University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 5C2
- Department of Psychology; University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 5C2
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 5B7
- National Centre for Audiology; University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada N6A 1H1
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33
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Evidence for differential modulation of primary and nonprimary auditory cortex by forward masking in tinnitus. Hear Res 2015; 327:9-27. [PMID: 25937134 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that tinnitus is generated by aberrant neural activity that develops among neurons in tonotopic of regions of primary auditory cortex (A1) affected by hearing loss, which is also the frequency region where tinnitus percepts localize (Eggermont and Roberts 2004; Roberts et al., 2010, 2013). These models suggest (1) that differences between tinnitus and control groups of similar age and audiometric function should depend on whether A1 is probed in tinnitus frequency region (TFR) or below it, and (2) that brain responses evoked from A1 should track changes in the tinnitus percept when residual inhibition (RI) is induced by forward masking. We tested these predictions by measuring (128-channel EEG) the sound-evoked 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) known to localize tonotopically to neural sources in A1. For comparison the N1 transient response localizing to distributed neural sources in nonprimary cortex (A2) was also studied. When tested under baseline conditions where tinnitus subjects would have heard their tinnitus, ASSR responses were larger in a tinnitus group than in controls when evoked by 500 Hz probes while the reverse was true for tinnitus and control groups tested with 5 kHz probes, confirming frequency-dependent group differences in this measure. On subsequent trials where RI was induced by masking (narrow band noise centered at 5 kHz), ASSR amplitude increased in the tinnitus group probed at 5 kHz but not in the tinnitus group probed at 500 Hz. When collapsed into a single sample tinnitus subjects reporting comparatively greater RI depth and duration showed comparatively larger ASSR increases after masking regardless of probe frequency. Effects of masking on ASSR amplitude in the control groups were completely reversed from those in the tinnitus groups, with no change seen to 5 kHz probes but ASSR increases to 500 Hz probes even though the masking sound contained no energy at 500 Hz (an "off-frequency" masking effect). In contrast to these findings for the ASSR, N1 amplitude was larger in tinnitus than control groups at both probe frequencies under baseline conditions, decreased after masking in all conditions, and did not relate to RI. These results suggest that aberrant neural activity occurring in the TFR of A1 underlies tinnitus and its modulation during RI. They indicate further that while neural changes occur in A2 in tinnitus, these changes do not reflect the tinnitus percept. Models for tinnitus and forward masking are described that integrate these findings within a common framework.
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34
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Lau C, Zhang JW, McPherson B, Pienkowski M, Wu EX. Long-term, passive exposure to non-traumatic acoustic noise induces neural adaptation in the adult rat medial geniculate body and auditory cortex. Neuroimage 2015; 107:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Pienkowski M, Tyler RS, Roncancio ER, Jun HJ, Brozoski T, Dauman N, Coelho CB, Andersson G, Keiner AJ, Cacace AT, Martin N, Moore BCJ. A review of hyperacusis and future directions: part II. Measurement, mechanisms, and treatment. Am J Audiol 2014; 23:420-36. [PMID: 25478787 DOI: 10.1044/2014_aja-13-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hyperacusis can be extremely debilitating, and at present, there is no cure. In this detailed review of the field, we consolidate present knowledge in the hope of facilitating future research. METHOD We review and reference the literature on hyperacusis and related areas. This is the 2nd of a 2-part review. RESULTS Hyperacusis encompasses a wide range of reactions to sounds, which can be grouped into the categories of excessive loudness, annoyance, fear, and pain. Reasonable approaches to assessing the different forms of hyperacusis are emerging, including brain-imaging studies. Researchers are only beginning to understand the many mechanisms at play, and valid animal models are still evolving. There are many counseling and sound-therapy approaches that some patients find helpful, but well-controlled studies are needed to measure their long-term efficacy and to test new approaches. CONCLUSIONS Hyperacusis can make life difficult in this increasingly noisy world, forcing sufferers to dramatically alter their work and social habits. We believe this is an opportune time to explore approaches to better understand and treat hyperacusis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tom Brozoski
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield
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36
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Kilicarslan R, Alkan A, Aralasmak A, Aksoy F, Toprak H, Yetis H, Ozturan O. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy features of Heschl's gyri in patients with unilateral acoustic neuroma: preliminary study. Acad Radiol 2014; 21:1501-5. [PMID: 25172413 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate neurochemical alterations in Heschl's gyri and determine the most affected side in case of unilateral acoustic neuroma using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen patients with unilateral acoustic neuroma were studied. Following routine cranial MRI sequences, MRS of Heschl's gyri on tumor and nontumor sides was obtained. MRS metabolite values of both Heschl's gyri were statistically compared. RESULTS The values of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and Cr on nontumor side Heschl's gyrus (HG) were significantly lower than that on tumor side. CONCLUSIONS We found nontumor side HG more affected with lower NAA and Cr values, suggesting neuronal damage and decreased energy metabolism compared to the tumoral side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukiye Kilicarslan
- Department of Radiology, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Vatan St, Aksaray, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Alpay Alkan
- Department of Radiology, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Vatan St, Aksaray, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Aralasmak
- Department of Radiology, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Vatan St, Aksaray, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fadlullah Aksoy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Toprak
- Department of Radiology, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Vatan St, Aksaray, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Yetis
- Department of Radiology, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Vatan St, Aksaray, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Ozturan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Irving S, Wise AK, Millard RE, Shepherd RK, Fallon JB. A partial hearing animal model for chronic electro-acoustic stimulation. J Neural Eng 2014; 11:046008. [PMID: 24921595 PMCID: PMC4116305 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2560/11/4/046008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cochlear implants (CIs) have provided some auditory function to hundreds of thousands of people around the world. Although traditionally carried out only in profoundly deaf patients, the eligibility criteria for implantation have recently been relaxed to include many partially-deaf patients with useful levels of hearing. These patients receive both electrical stimulation from their implant and acoustic stimulation via their residual hearing (electro-acoustic stimulation; EAS) and perform very well. It is unclear how EAS improves speech perception over electrical stimulation alone, and little evidence exists about the nature of the interactions between electric and acoustic stimuli. Furthermore, clinical results suggest that some patients that undergo cochlear implantation lose some, if not all, of their residual hearing, reducing the advantages of EAS over electrical stimulation alone. A reliable animal model with clinically-relevant partial deafness combined with clinical CIs is important to enable these issues to be studied. This paper outlines such a model that has been successfully used in our laboratory. APPROACH This paper outlines a battery of techniques used in our laboratory to generate, validate and examine an animal model of partial deafness and chronic CI use. MAIN RESULTS Ototoxic deafening produced bilaterally symmetrical hearing thresholds in neonatal and adult animals. Electrical activation of the auditory system was confirmed, and all animals were chronically stimulated via adapted clinical CIs. Acoustic compound action potentials (CAPs) were obtained from partially-hearing cochleae, using the CI amplifier. Immunohistochemical analysis allows the effects of deafness and electrical stimulation on cell survival to be studied. SIGNIFICANCE This animal model has applications in EAS research, including investigating the functional interactions between electric and acoustic stimulation, and the development of techniques to maintain residual hearing following cochlear implantation. The ability to record CAPs via the CI has clinical direct relevance for obtaining objective measures of residual hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Irving
- Bionics Institute, Melbourne, Australia. University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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38
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Gold JR, Bajo VM. Insult-induced adaptive plasticity of the auditory system. Front Neurosci 2014; 8:110. [PMID: 24904256 PMCID: PMC4033160 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain displays a remarkable capacity for both widespread and region-specific modifications in response to environmental challenges, with adaptive processes bringing about the reweighing of connections in neural networks putatively required for optimizing performance and behavior. As an avenue for investigation, studies centered around changes in the mammalian auditory system, extending from the brainstem to the cortex, have revealed a plethora of mechanisms that operate in the context of sensory disruption after insult, be it lesion-, noise trauma, drug-, or age-related. Of particular interest in recent work are those aspects of auditory processing which, after sensory disruption, change at multiple—if not all—levels of the auditory hierarchy. These include changes in excitatory, inhibitory and neuromodulatory networks, consistent with theories of homeostatic plasticity; functional alterations in gene expression and in protein levels; as well as broader network processing effects with cognitive and behavioral implications. Nevertheless, there abounds substantial debate regarding which of these processes may only be sequelae of the original insult, and which may, in fact, be maladaptively compelling further degradation of the organism's competence to cope with its disrupted sensory context. In this review, we aim to examine how the mammalian auditory system responds in the wake of particular insults, and to disambiguate how the changes that develop might underlie a correlated class of phantom disorders, including tinnitus and hyperacusis, which putatively are brought about through maladaptive neuroplastic disruptions to auditory networks governing the spatial and temporal processing of acoustic sensory information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Gold
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford Oxford, UK
| | - Victoria M Bajo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford Oxford, UK
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Huetz C, Guedin M, Edeline JM. Neural correlates of moderate hearing loss: time course of response changes in the primary auditory cortex of awake guinea-pigs. Front Syst Neurosci 2014; 8:65. [PMID: 24808831 PMCID: PMC4009414 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the consequences of acoustic trauma on the functional properties of auditory cortex neurons have received growing attention. Changes in spontaneous and evoked activity, shifts of characteristic frequency (CF), and map reorganizations have extensively been described in anesthetized animals (e.g., Noreña and Eggermont, 2003, 2005). Here, we examined how the functional properties of cortical cells are modified after partial hearing loss in awake guinea pigs. Single unit activity was chronically recorded in awake, restrained, guinea pigs from 3 days before up to 15 days after an acoustic trauma induced by a 5 kHz 110 dB tone delivered for 1 h. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) audiograms indicated that these parameters produced a mean ABR threshold shift of 20 dB SPL at, and one octave above, the trauma frequency. When tested with pure tones, cortical cells showed on average a 25 dB increase in threshold at CF the day following the trauma. Over days, this increase progressively stabilized at only 10 dB above control value indicating a progressive recovery of cortical thresholds, probably reflecting a progressive shift from temporary threshold shift (TTS) to permanent threshold shift (PTS). There was an increase in response latency and in response variability the day following the trauma but these parameters returned to control values within 3 days. When tested with conspecific vocalizations, cortical neurons also displayed an increase in response latency and in response duration the day after the acoustic trauma, but there was no effect on the average firing rate elicited by the vocalization. These findings suggest that, in cases of moderate hearing loss, the temporal precision of neuronal responses to natural stimuli is impaired despite the fact the firing rate showed little or no changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Huetz
- Centre de Neurosciences Paris-Sud, CNRS, UMR 8195, Université Paris-Sud Orsay, France
| | - Maud Guedin
- Centre de Neurosciences Paris-Sud, CNRS, UMR 8195, Université Paris-Sud Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Marc Edeline
- Centre de Neurosciences Paris-Sud, CNRS, UMR 8195, Université Paris-Sud Orsay, France
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Henry JA, Roberts LE, Caspary DM, Theodoroff SM, Salvi RJ. Underlying mechanisms of tinnitus: review and clinical implications. J Am Acad Audiol 2014; 25:5-22; quiz 126. [PMID: 24622858 PMCID: PMC5063499 DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.25.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of tinnitus mechanisms has increased tenfold in the last decade. The common denominator for all of these studies is the goal of elucidating the underlying neural mechanisms of tinnitus with the ultimate purpose of finding a cure. While these basic science findings may not be immediately applicable to the clinician who works directly with patients to assist them in managing their reactions to tinnitus, a clear understanding of these findings is needed to develop the most effective procedures for alleviating tinnitus. PURPOSE The goal of this review is to provide audiologists and other health-care professionals with a basic understanding of the neurophysiological changes in the auditory system likely to be responsible for tinnitus. RESULTS It is increasingly clear that tinnitus is a pathology involving neuroplastic changes in central auditory structures that take place when the brain is deprived of its normal input by pathology in the cochlea. Cochlear pathology is not always expressed in the audiogram but may be detected by more sensitive measures. Neural changes can occur at the level of synapses between inner hair cells and the auditory nerve and within multiple levels of the central auditory pathway. Long-term maintenance of tinnitus is likely a function of a complex network of structures involving central auditory and nonauditory systems. CONCLUSIONS Patients often have expectations that a treatment exists to cure their tinnitus. They should be made aware that research is increasing to discover such a cure and that their reactions to tinnitus can be mitigated through the use of evidence-based behavioral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Henry
- VA RR&D National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research (NCRAR), VA Medical Center, Portland, OR
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Larry E. Roberts
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donald M. Caspary
- Pharmacology Department, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL
| | - Sarah M. Theodoroff
- VA RR&D National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research (NCRAR), VA Medical Center, Portland, OR
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Richard J. Salvi
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
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Wang F, Zuo L, Hong B, Han D, Range EM, Zhao L, Sui Y, Guo W, Liu L. Tonotopic reorganization and spontaneous firing in inferior colliculus during both short and long recovery periods after noise overexposure. J Biomed Sci 2013; 20:91. [PMID: 24320109 PMCID: PMC3878917 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-20-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Noise induced injury of the cochlea causes shifts in activation thresholds and changes of frequency response in the inferior colliculus (IC). Noise overexposure also induces pathological changes in the cochlea, and is highly correlated to hearing loss. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we hypothesized that overexposure to noise induces substantial electrophysiological changes in the IC of guinea pigs. Results During the noise exposure experiment, the animals were undergoing a bilateral exposure to noise. Additionally, various techniques were employed including confocal microscopy for the detection of cochlea hair cells and single neuron recording for spontaneous firing activity measurement. There were alterations among three types of frequency response area (FRA) from sound pressure levels, including V-, M-, and N-types. Our results indicate that overexposure to noise generates different patterns in the FRAs. Following a short recovery (one day after the noise treatment), the percentage of V-type FRAs considerably decreased, whereas the percentage of M-types increased. This was often caused by a notch in the frequency response that occurred at 4 kHz (noise frequency). Following a long recovery from noise exposure (11–21 days), the percentage of V-types resumed to a normal level, but the portion of M-types remained high. Interestingly, the spontaneous firing in the IC was enhanced in both short and long recovery groups. Conclusion Our data suggest that noise overexposure changes the pattern of the FRAs and stimulates spontaneous firing in the IC in a unique way, which may likely relate to the mechanism of tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Liangfa Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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Knipper M, Van Dijk P, Nunes I, Rüttiger L, Zimmermann U. Advances in the neurobiology of hearing disorders: Recent developments regarding the basis of tinnitus and hyperacusis. Prog Neurobiol 2013; 111:17-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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De Ridder D, Vanneste S, Engineer ND, Kilgard MP. Safety and Efficacy of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Tones for the Treatment of Tinnitus: A Case Series. Neuromodulation 2013; 17:170-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ner.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk De Ridder
- Brai n, Tinnitus Research Initiative Clinic Antwerp & Department of Neurosurgery; University Hospital Antwerp; Belgium
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine; University of Otago; New Zealand
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Brai n, Tinnitus Research Initiative Clinic Antwerp & Department of Neurosurgery; University Hospital Antwerp; Belgium
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine; University of Antwerp; Belgium
| | | | - Michael P. Kilgard
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences; University of Texas at Dallas; Richardson TX USA
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Role of attention in the generation and modulation of tinnitus. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:1754-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Burton H, Firszt JB, Holden T. Hearing thresholds and FMRI of auditory cortex following eighth cranial nerve surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 149:492-9. [PMID: 23804630 PMCID: PMC3836431 DOI: 10.1177/0194599813495179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine whether auditory cortex (AC) organization changed following eighth cranial nerve surgery in adults with vestibular-cochlear nerve pathologies. We examined whether hearing thresholds before and after surgery correlated with increased ipsilateral activation of AC from the intact ear. STUDY DESIGN During magnetic resonance imaging sessions before and 3 and 6 months after surgery, subjects listened with the intact ear to noise-like random spectrogram sounds. SETTING Departments of Radiology and Otolaryngology of Washington University School of Medicine. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Three patients with acoustic neuromas received Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GK); 1 patient with Meniere's disease and 5 with acoustic neuromas had surgical resections (SR); 2 of the latter also had GK. Hearing thresholds in each ear were for pure tone stimuli from 250 to 8000 Hz before and after surgery (3 and 6 months). At the same intervals, we imaged blood oxygen level-dependent responses to auditory stimulation of the intact ear using an interrupted single-event design. RESULTS Hearing thresholds in 2 of 3 individuals treated with GK did not change. Five of 6 individuals became unilaterally deaf after SRs. Ipsilateral AC activity was present before surgery in 6 of 9 individuals with ipsilateral spatial extents greater than contralateral in 3 of 9. Greater contralateral predominance was significant especially in left compared to right ear affected individuals, including those treated by GK. CONCLUSION Lateralization of auditory-evoked responses in AC did not change significantly after surgery possibly due to preexisting sensory loss before surgery, indicating that less than profound loss may prompt cortical reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold Burton
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
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Catz N, Noreña AJ. Enhanced representation of spectral contrasts in the primary auditory cortex. Front Syst Neurosci 2013; 7:21. [PMID: 23801943 PMCID: PMC3686080 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2013.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of early auditory processing may be to extract some elementary features from an acoustic mixture in order to organize the auditory scene. To accomplish this task, the central auditory system may rely on the fact that sensory objects are often composed of spectral edges, i.e., regions where the stimulus energy changes abruptly over frequency. The processing of acoustic stimuli may benefit from a mechanism enhancing the internal representation of spectral edges. While the visual system is thought to rely heavily on this mechanism (enhancing spatial edges), it is still unclear whether a related process plays a significant role in audition. We investigated the cortical representation of spectral edges, using acoustic stimuli composed of multi-tone pips whose time-averaged spectral envelope contained suppressed or enhanced regions. Importantly, the stimuli were designed such that neural responses properties could be assessed as a function of stimulus frequency during stimulus presentation. Our results suggest that the representation of acoustic spectral edges is enhanced in the auditory cortex, and that this enhancement is sensitive to the characteristics of the spectral contrast profile, such as depth, sharpness and width. Spectral edges are maximally enhanced for sharp contrast and large depth. Cortical activity was also suppressed at frequencies within the suppressed region. To note, the suppression of firing was larger at frequencies nearby the lower edge of the suppressed region than at the upper edge. Overall, the present study gives critical insights into the processing of spectral contrasts in the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Catz
- Laboratory of Adaptive and Integrative Neurobiology, Fédération de recherche 3C, UMR CNRS 7260, Université Aix-Marseille Marseille, France
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Sereda M, Adjamian P, Edmondson-Jones M, Palmer AR, Hall DA. Auditory evoked magnetic fields in individuals with tinnitus. Hear Res 2013; 302:50-9. [PMID: 23639335 PMCID: PMC3709092 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Some forms of tinnitus are likely to be perceptual consequences of altered neural activity in the central auditory system triggered by damage to the auditory periphery. Animal studies report changes in the evoked responses after noise exposure or ototoxic drugs in inferior colliculus and auditory cortex. However, human electrophysiological evidence is rather equivocal: increased, reduced or no difference in N1/N1m evoked amplitudes and latencies in tinnitus participants have been reported. The present study used magnetoencephalography to seek evidence for altered evoked responses in people with tinnitus compared to controls (hearing loss matched and normal hearing) in four different stimulus categories (a control tone, a tone corresponding to the audiometric edge, to the dominant tinnitus pitch and a tone within the area of hearing loss). Results revealed that amplitudes of the evoked responses differed depending on the tone category. N1m amplitude to the dominant tinnitus pitch and the frequency within the area of hearing loss were reduced compared to the other two categories. Given that tinnitus pitch is typically within the area of hearing loss, the differences in the evoked responses pattern in tinnitus participants seem to be related more to the hearing loss than to the presence of tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sereda
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, NG1 5DU, Nottingham, UK.
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Renier L, De Volder AG, Rauschecker JP. Cortical plasticity and preserved function in early blindness. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 41:53-63. [PMID: 23453908 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The "neural Darwinism" theory predicts that when one sensory modality is lacking, as in congenital blindness, the target structures are taken over by the afferent inputs from other senses that will promote and control their functional maturation (Edelman, 1993). This view receives support from both cross-modal plasticity experiments in animal models and functional imaging studies in man, which are presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Renier
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Avenue Hippocrate, 54, UCL-B1.5409, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Anne G De Volder
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Avenue Hippocrate, 54, UCL-B1.5409, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Josef P Rauschecker
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition; Department of Neuroscience; Georgetown University, Medical Center; 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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49
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The relationship between tinnitus pitch and hearing sensitivity. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 271:41-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-013-2375-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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50
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Pienkowski M, Munguia R, Eggermont JJ. Effects of passive, moderate-level sound exposure on the mature auditory cortex: Spectral edges, spectrotemporal density, and real-world noise. Hear Res 2013; 296:121-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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