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Li Y, Liu M, Tang Q, Liang K, Sun Y, Yu Y, Lou Y, Liu Y, Yu H. Hydrogen-transfer strategy in lignin refinery: Towards sustainable and versatile value-added biochemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301912. [PMID: 38294404 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Lignin, the most prevalent natural source of polyphenols on Earth, offers substantial possibilities for the conversion into aromatic compounds, which is critical for attaining sustainability and carbon neutrality. The hydrogen-transfer method has garnered significant interest owing to its environmental compatibility and economic viability. The efficacy of this approach is contingent upon the careful selection of catalytic and hydrogen-donating systems that decisively affect the yield and selectivity of the monomeric products resulting from lignin degradation. This paper highlights the hydrogen-transfer technique in lignin refinery, with a specific focus on the influence of hydrogen donors on the depolymerization pathways of lignin. It delineates the correlation between the structure and activity of catalytic hydrogen-transfer arrangements and the gamut of lignin-derived biochemicals, utilizing data from lignin model compounds, separated lignin, and lignocellulosic biomass. Additionally, the paper delves into the advantages and future directions of employing the hydrogen-transfer approach for lignin conversion. In essence, this concept investigation illuminates the efficacy of the hydrogen-transfer paradigm in lignin valorization, offering key insights and strategic directives to maximize lignin's value sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Meng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Kaixia Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yaxu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yuhan Lou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yongzhuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Haipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
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Shen Z, Shi C, Liu F, Wang W, Ai M, Huang Z, Zhang X, Pan L, Zou J. Advances in Heterogeneous Catalysts for Lignin Hydrogenolysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306693. [PMID: 37964410 PMCID: PMC10767463 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the main component of lignocellulose and the largest source of aromatic substances on the earth. Biofuel and bio-chemicals derived from lignin can reduce the use of petroleum products. Current advances in lignin catalysis conversion have facilitated many of progress, but understanding the principles of catalyst design is critical to moving the field forward. In this review, the factors affecting the catalysts (including the type of active metal, metal particle size, acidity, pore size, the nature of the oxide supports, and the synergistic effect of the metals) are systematically reviewed based on the three most commonly used supports (carbon, oxides, and zeolites) in lignin hydrogenolysis. The catalytic performance (selectivity and yield of products) is evaluated, and the emerging catalytic mechanisms are introduced to better understand the catalyst design guidelines. Finally, based on the progress of existing studies, future directions for catalyst design in the field of lignin depolymerization are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin300072China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192China
| | - Chengxiang Shi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin300072China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192China
| | - Fan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin300072China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin300072China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192China
| | - Minhua Ai
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin300072China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192China
| | - Zhenfeng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin300072China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin300072China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192China
| | - Lun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin300072China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192China
| | - Ji‐Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Tianjin300072China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192China
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Guo L, Ding Y, Wang H, Liu Y, Qiang Q, Luo Q, Song F, Li C. Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives synthesis from lignin β-O-4 segments via a one-pot multicomponent reaction. iScience 2023; 26:106834. [PMID: 37250767 PMCID: PMC10209544 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The catalytic conversion of lignin into N-containing chemicals is of great significance for the realization of value-added biorefinery concept. In this article, a one-pot strategy was designed for the transformation of lignin β-O-4 model compounds to imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines in yields up to 95% using 2-aminopyridine as a nitrogen source. This transformation involves highly coupled cleavage of C-O bonds, sp3C-H bond oxidative activation, and intramolecular dehydrative coupling reaction to construction of N-heterobicyclic ring. With this protocol, a wide range of functionalized imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines sharing the same structure skeleton as those commercial drug molecules, such as Zolimidine, Alpidem, Saripidem, etc., were synthesized from different lignin β-O-4 model compounds and one β-O-4 polymer, emphasizing the application feasibility of lignin derivatives in N-heterobicyclic pharmaceutical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxian Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yangming Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qian Qiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | - Fei Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | - Changzhi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Du X, Zhang C, Liu S. Radical-Friedel-Crafts benzylation of arenes with benzyl ethers over 2H-MoS 2: ether cleavage into carbon- and oxygen-centered radicals. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15322-15329. [PMID: 36102605 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02801h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The selective activation of C-O ether bonds is an essential tool in organic synthesis and natural polymer depolymerization. However, the direct cleavage of the ether bond is still challenging work, especially breaking this inert and redox-neutral bond to provide one active carbon radical and another oxygen-centered fragment with oxidation capacity that can participate in the controllable radical reaction. We herein report that commercial 2H-MoS2 with negligible acidity can efficiently catalyze the benzylation of arenes with benzyl ethers, and a new Radical-Friedel-Crafts mechanism is proposed, which is quite different from the strong acid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts mechanism. With dibenzyl ether as the model benzylation reagent, 2H-MoS2 can achieve the homolytic cleavage of the Bn-OR bond to generate the benzyl carbon radical and RO˙ species, identified by EPR measurement and radical trap experiments. The following radical-involved benzylation is confirmed by the Hammett results and a plausible pathway is proposed to clarify the Radical-Friedel-Crafts process. Heterogeneous 2H-MoS2 can be consecutively used four times without regeneration and it offers 94-95% yields of 2-benzyl-1,4-dimethylbenzene from dibenzyl ether and p-xylene in 30 min at 140 °C. Furthermore, this mechanism can provide some inspiration to activate the ether bond and to utilize ether as an oxidant in C-H bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.,College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Shenglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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5
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Hossain MA, Saelee T, Tulaphol S, Rahaman MS, Phung TK, Maihom T, Praserthdam P, Praserthdam S, Yelle DJ, Sathitsuksanoh N. Catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin into phenolics by internal hydrogen over Ru catalyst. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thanh Khoa Phung
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City University of Science: University of Science Science and Technology VIET NAM
| | | | | | | | - Daniel J. Yelle
- Department of Agriculture Forest Biopolymer Science and Engineering UNITED STATES
| | - Noppadon Sathitsuksanoh
- University of Louisville chemical engineering 216 eastern parkway 40292 Louisville UNITED STATES
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Shen X, Zhang C, Han B, Wang F. Catalytic self-transfer hydrogenolysis of lignin with endogenous hydrogen: road to the carbon-neutral future. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1608-1628. [PMID: 35188154 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00908g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the depletion of fossil sources, it is imperative to develop a sustainable and carbon-neutral biorefinery for supporting the fuel and chemical supply in modern society. Lignin, the only renewable aromatic source, is still an underutilized component in lignocellulose. Very recently, it has been found that hydrogenolysis is a promising technology for lignin valorization. However, high-pressure H2 is necessary during lignin hydrogenolysis, resulting in safety problems. Furthermore, H2 is mainly produced from steam reforming of fossil sources in industry, which makes the conversion of renewable lignin unsustainable and costly. Plentiful aliphatic hydroxyl and methoxy groups exist in native lignin and offer a renewable alternative to H2, and can be hydrogen sources for the depolymerization and upgradation of lignin via the intramolecular catalytic transfer hydrogenation. The hydrogen source in situ generated from lignin is a type of green hydrogen, decreasing the carbon footprint. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary and perspective of lignin valorization via self-transfer hydrogenolysis, mainly focusing on a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of catalytic self-transfer hydrogenolysis at the molecular level and developing highly effective catalytic systems. Moreover, some opportunities and challenges within this attractive field are given to discuss future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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7
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Qi H, Yan Y, Liao Y, Jiang F, Gao H, Deng GJ. I2-Catalyzed oxidative dehydrogenative tandem cyclization of 2-methylquinolines, arylamines and 1,4-dioxane. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01125a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel I2-catalyst oxidative dehydrogenative tandem cyclization of 2-methylquinolines, arylamines and 1,4-dioxane for the construction of 2-([2,2′-biquinolin]-3-yloxy)ethan-1-ol derivatives has been developed under metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Qi
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yiyan Yan
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yunfeng Liao
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, China
| | - Furong Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Hualan Gao
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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de Andrade AM, Srifa P, Broqvist P, Hermansson K. Lignin Intermediates on Palladium: Insights into Keto-Enol Tautomerization from Theoretical Modelling. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:6574-6581. [PMID: 32881393 PMCID: PMC7756661 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested in the literature that keto-to-enol tautomerization plays a vital role for lignin fragmentation under mild conditions. On the other hand, previous modelling has shown that the adsorbed keto form is more stable than enol on the Pd(111) catalyst. The current density functional theory study of lignin model molecules shows that, in the gas-phase, keto is more stable than enol, but on the Pd surface, we find enol conformers that are at least as stable as keto. This supports the experimental result that the favourable reaction pathway for lignin depolymerization involves keto-enol tautomerization. An energy decomposition analysis gives insights concerning the origin of the fine energy balance between the keto and enol forms, where the molecule-surface interaction (-7 eV) and the molecular strain energy (+3 eV) are the main contributors to the adsorption energy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pemikar Srifa
- Department of Chemistry-ÅngströmUppsala UniversityBox 53875121UppsalaSweden
| | - Peter Broqvist
- Department of Chemistry-ÅngströmUppsala UniversityBox 53875121UppsalaSweden
| | - Kersti Hermansson
- Department of Chemistry-ÅngströmUppsala UniversityBox 53875121UppsalaSweden
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9
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Dou X, Li W, Zhu C, Jiang X, Chang HM, Jameel H. Cleavage of aryl-ether bonds in lignin model compounds using a Co-Zn-beta catalyst. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43599-43606. [PMID: 35519679 PMCID: PMC9058404 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08121c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient cleavage of aryl-ether linkages is a key strategy for generating aromatic chemicals and fuels from lignin. Currently, a popular method to depolymerize native/technical lignin employs a combination of Lewis acid and hydrogenation metal. However, a clear mechanistic understanding of the process is lacking. Thus, a more thorough understanding of the mechanism of lignin depolymerization in this system is essential. Herein, we propose a detailed mechanistic study conducted with lignin model compounds (LMC) via a synergistic Co-Zn/Off-Al H-beta catalyst that mirrors the hydrogenolysis process of lignin. The results suggest that the main reaction paths for the phenolic dimers exhibiting α-O-4 and β-O-4 ether linkages are the cleavage of aryl-ether linkages. Particularly, the conversion was readily completed using a Co-Zn/Off-Al H-beta catalyst, but 40% of α-O-4 was converted and β-O-4 did not react in the absence of a catalyst under the same conditions. In addition, it was found that the presence of hydroxyl groups on the side chain, commonly found in native lignin, greatly promotes the cleavage of aryl-ether linkages activated by Zn Lewis acid, which was attributed to the adsorption between Zn and the hydroxyl group. Followed by the cobalt catalyzed hydrogenation reaction, the phenolic dimers are degraded into monomers that maintain aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Dou
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 PR China +86-551-63600786
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 PR China +86-551-63600786
| | - Chaofeng Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physics Science at Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 PR China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695-8005 USA
| | - Hou-Min Chang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695-8005 USA
| | - Hasan Jameel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695-8005 USA
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Klemm M, Kröger M, Görsch K, Müller‐Langer F, Majer S. Fuel‐Driven Biorefineries Using Hydrothermal Processes. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202000093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Klemm
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 04347 Leipzig Germany
| | - Michael Kröger
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 04347 Leipzig Germany
| | - Kati Görsch
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 04347 Leipzig Germany
| | - Franziska Müller‐Langer
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 04347 Leipzig Germany
| | - Stefan Majer
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 04347 Leipzig Germany
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11
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Experimental Evaluation of a New Approach for a Two-Stage Hydrothermal Biomass Liquefaction Process. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13143692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new approach for biomass liquefaction was developed and evaluated in a joint research project. Focus of the project, called FEBio@H2O, lies on a two-step hydrothermal conversion. Within step 1, the input biomass is converted employing a hydrothermal degradation without added catalyst or by homogeneous catalysis. Within step 2, the hydrogen accepting products of step 1, e.g., levulinic acid (LA) are upgraded by a heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation with hydrogen donor substances, e.g., formic acid (FA). As a result, components with an even lower oxygen content in comparison to step 1 products are formed; as an example, γ-valerolactone (GVL) can be named. Therefore, the products are more stable and contained less oxygen as requested for a possible application as liquid fuel. As a hydrothermal process, FEBio@H2O is especially suitable for highly water-containing feedstock. The evaluation involves hydrothermal conversion tests with model substances, degradation of real biomasses, transfer hydrogenation or hydrogenation with hydrogen donor of model substances and real products of step 1, catalyst selection and further development, investigation of the influence of reactor design, the experimental test of the whole process chain, and process assessment.
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Abstract
In recent decades, research on lignin depolymerization and its downstream product transformation has drawn an enormous amount of attention from academia to industry worldwide, aiming at harvesting aromatic compounds from this abundant and renewable biomass resource. Although the lignin conversion can be traced back to the 1930s and various noncatalytic and catalytic methods have been explored to depolymerize lignin via direct lignin conversion research or lignin models conversion studies, the complexity of the lignin structure, various linkages, the high stability of lignin bonds, and the diverse fragments condensation process make lignin depolymerization to monomers a highly challenging task. For the potential practical utilization of lignin, compared with lignin conversion to liquid fuel with extra H2 consumption, maintaining the aromatic structure and preparing high-value aromatic chemicals from renewable lignin is more profitable. Therefore, lignin depolymerization to easy-to-handle aromatic monomers with acceptable conversion and selectivity is of great importance. In this article, we present our recent studies on lignin's catalytic conversion to aromatic chemicals. First, we introduce our research on protolignin depolymerization via a fragmentation-hydrogenolysis process in alcohol solvents. Then, focusing on the catalytic cleavage of lignin C-C and C-O bonds, we shed light on a recapitulative adjacent functional group modification (AFGM) strategy for the conversion of lignin models. AFGM strategy begins with the adjacent functional group modification of the target C-C or C-O bond to directly decrease the bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) of targeted bonds or generate new substrate sites to introduce the cleavage reagent for further conversion. Subsequently, on the basis of these two concepts from AFGM, we summarize our strategies on lignin depolymerization, which highlight the effects of lignin structure, catalyst character, and reaction conditions on the efficiency of strategies. In short, the key point for lignin depolymerization to aromatics is promoting the lignin conversion and restraining the condensation. Compared with the complex research on direct lignin conversion, this bottom-up research approach, beginning with lignin model research, can make the conversion mechanism study clear and provide potential methods for the protolignin/technical lignin conversion. In addition, one of our perspectives for lignin utilization is that the products from lignin conversion can be used as monomers for artificial polymerization, such as the simple phenol (PhOH) and other potential acid compounds, or that lignin derivative molecules can be used to synthesize high-value synthetic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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13
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Li X, He J, Zhang Y. BBr 3-Assisted Preparation of Aromatic Alkyl Bromides from Lignin and Lignin Model Compounds. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11019-11027. [PMID: 30088928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, BBr3-assisted nucleophilic substitution was applied to a variety of β-O-4 and α-O-4 model compounds for the highly effective cleavage of different C-O bonds, including C-Oα-OH, Cβ-O/Cα-O and CMe-O bonds (<0.5 h and >99% conversion for most cases). Without any pretreatment, the substitution proceeds at room temperature in the absence of any catalyst, or additive, selectively affording phenols and important organic synthesis reagents, aromatic alkyl bromides, in high to excellent yields (up to 98%). Preliminary studies also highlight the prospect of this method for the effective cleavage of different types of C-O bonds in real lignin. A total 14 wt % yield of aromatic alkyl bromide, 4-(1,2-dibromo-3-hydroxypropyl)benzene-1,2-diol (10), has been obtained from an extracted lignin through this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130012 , China
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130012 , China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130012 , China
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14
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Zhang J. Conversion of Lignin Models by Photoredox Catalysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:3071-3080. [PMID: 29989337 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
One prominent goal of 21st century research is to develop a sustainable carbon-neutral biorefinery. Lignin is an important component of lignocellulosic biomass; however, it is currently underutilized owing to its highly cross-linked, complex, and randomly polymerized composition, which poses a significant challenge to its depolymerization and valorization. Chemical catalytic approaches based on transition metals represent the primary research area to drive degradation reactions. Recently, alternative photocatalytic strategies that employ sustainable solar energy to initiate the transformation of lignin have started to emerge. This Concept article examines new developments of photocatalyzed reactions and provides insight into C-O and C-C bond-cleavage reactions of lignin models in both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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15
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Li J, Sun H, Liu JX, Zhang JJ, Li ZX, Fu Y. Selective reductive cleavage of C O bond in lignin model compounds over nitrogen-doped carbon-supported iron catalysts. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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16
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Selective hydrodeoxygenation of lignin β-O-4 model compounds and aromatic ketones promoted by palladium chloride with acidic CO2/MeOH system. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Wang M, Ma J, Liu H, Luo N, Zhao Z, Wang F. Sustainable Productions of Organic Acids and Their Derivatives from Biomass via Selective Oxidative Cleavage of C–C Bond. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
(SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jiping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
(SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Huifang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
(SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Nengchao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
(SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhitong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
(SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
(SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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18
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Highly Stable and Recyclable Graphene Layers Protected Nickel–Cobalt Bimetallic Nanoparticles as Tunable Hydrotreating Catalysts for Phenylpropane Linkages in Lignin. Catal Letters 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-017-2179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Zhang C, Wang F. Sell a dummy: Adjacent functional group modification strategy for the catalytic cleavage of lignin β–O–4 linkage. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62858-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Luo N, Wang M, Li H, Zhang J, Hou T, Chen H, Zhang X, Lu J, Wang F. Visible-Light-Driven Self-Hydrogen Transfer Hydrogenolysis of Lignin Models and Extracts into Phenolic Products. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nengchao Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Hongji Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Hou
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Haijun Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
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21
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Zhang C, Li H, Lu J, Zhang X, MacArthur KE, Heggen M, Wang F. Promoting Lignin Depolymerization and Restraining the Condensation via an Oxidation−Hydrogenation Strategy. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hongji Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianmin Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Katherine E. MacArthur
- Ernst Ruska
Centre
for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg
Institute, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Juelich 52425, Germany
| | - Marc Heggen
- Ernst Ruska
Centre
for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg
Institute, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Juelich 52425, Germany
| | - Feng Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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22
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Sun KK, Lu GP, Zhang JW, Cai C. The selective hydrogenolysis of C–O bonds in lignin model compounds by Pd–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles in ionic liquids. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:11884-11889. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02498c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
β-O-4 and α-O-4 linkages can be selectively cleaved by Pd–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles in ionic liquids using hydrogen gas as the hydrogen donor under ambient pressure and neutral conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-kang Sun
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Guo-ping Lu
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Jia-wei Zhang
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Chun Cai
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
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23
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Kärkäs MD, Matsuura BS, Monos TM, Magallanes G, Stephenson CRJ. Transition-metal catalyzed valorization of lignin: the key to a sustainable carbon-neutral future. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1853-914. [PMID: 26732312 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02212f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of a sustainable, carbon-neutral biorefinery has emerged as a prominent scientific and engineering goal of the 21st century. As petroleum has become less accessible, biomass-based carbon sources have been investigated for utility in fuel production and commodity chemical manufacturing. One underutilized biomaterial is lignin; however, its highly crosslinked and randomly polymerized composition have rendered this biopolymer recalcitrant to existing chemical processing. More recently, insight into lignin's molecular structure has reinvigorated chemists to develop catalytic methods for lignin depolymerization. This review examines the development of transition-metal catalyzed reactions and the insights shared between the homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic systems towards the ultimate goal of valorizing lignin to produce value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus D Kärkäs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Bryan S Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Timothy M Monos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Gabriel Magallanes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Corey R J Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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24
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Gao F, Webb JD, Sorek H, Wemmer DE, Hartwig JF. Fragmentation of Lignin Samples with Commercial Pd/C under Ambient Pressure of Hydrogen. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Gao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Webb
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hagit Sorek
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David E. Wemmer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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25
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Zhu G, Qiu X, Zhao Y, Qian Y, Pang Y, Ouyang X. Depolymerization of lignin by microwave-assisted methylation of benzylic alcohols. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:718-722. [PMID: 27420159 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new two-step lignin depolymerization strategy was developed, in which the benzylic alcohols in lignin was methylated under microwave irradiation, followed by a hydrogenolysis for the cleavage of βO4 bond with Pd/C as the catalyst. The results showed that an efficient and selective catalytic methylation of benzylic alcohols was achieved with various lignin model compounds, and the acidic environment promoted the methylation of benzylic alcohol. Methylation of benzylic alcohol increased the βO4 bond cleavage rate by 55.9%, and improved products selectivity. Preliminary study of lignin depolymerization illustrated that methylation pretreatment of benzylic alcohols facilitated lignin depolymerization to produce aromatic monomers and reduced the oxygen content of aromatic monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodian Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Qian
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuxia Pang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinping Ouyang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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26
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Lu J, Wang M, Zhang X, Heyden A, Wang F. β-O-4 Bond Cleavage Mechanism for Lignin Model Compounds over Pd Catalysts Identified by Combination of First-Principles Calculations and Experiments. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Andreas Heyden
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, 301 South Main
Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Feng Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Opris C, Cojocaru B, Gheorghe N, Tudorache M, Coman SM, Parvulescu VI, Duraki B, Krumeich F, van Bokhoven JA. Lignin fragmentation over magnetically recyclable composite Co@Nb2O5@Fe3O4 catalysts. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Double-Oxidative Dehydrogenative (DOD) Cyclization of Glycine Derivatives with Dioxane under Metal-Free Aerobic Conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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29
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Zhu G, Ouyang X, Yang Y, Ruan T, Qiu X. Selective cleavage of aryl ether bonds in dimeric lignin model compounds. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26235f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective cleavage of β-O-4 bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodian Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xinping Ouyang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yun Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Tao Ruan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Engineering
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30
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Lohr TL, Li Z, Marks TJ. Selective Ether/Ester C–O Cleavage of an Acetylated Lignin Model via Tandem Catalysis. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L. Lohr
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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31
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Galkin MV, Dahlstrand C, Samec JSM. Mild and Robust Redox-Neutral Pd/C-Catalyzed Lignol β-O-4' Bond Cleavage Through a Low-Energy-Barrier Pathway. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:2187-2192. [PMID: 25925736 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A Pd/C catalyzed redox neutral C¢O bond cleavage of 2-aryloxy-1-arylethanols has been developed. The reactions are carried out at 80 °C, in air, using a green solvent system to yield the aryl ketones in near quantitative yields. Addition of catalytic amounts of a hydrogen source to the reaction mixture activates the catalyst to proceed through a low energy barrier pathway. Initial studies support a transfer hydrogenolysis reaction mechanism that proceeds through an initial dehydrogenation followed by an enol adsorption to Pd/C and a reductive C¢O bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim V Galkin
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23, Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - Christian Dahlstrand
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23, Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - Joseph S M Samec
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23, Uppsala (Sweden).
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32
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Royal Society of Chemistry Prizes 2014. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Preise 2014 der Royal Society of Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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