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Bocian-Jastrzębska A, Malczewska-Herman A, Kos-Kudła B. Role of Leptin and Adiponectin in Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4250. [PMID: 37686525 PMCID: PMC10486522 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hormones produced by adipocytes, leptin and adiponectin, are associated with the process of carcinogenesis. Both of these adipokines have well-proven oncologic potential and can affect many aspects of tumorigenesis, from initiation and primary tumor growth to metastatic progression. Involvement in the formation of cancer includes interactions with the tumor microenvironment and its components, such as tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, extracellular matrix and matrix metalloproteinases. Furthermore, these adipokines participate in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and connect to angiogenesis, which is critical for cancer invasiveness and cancer cell migration. In addition, an enormous amount of evidence has demonstrated that altered concentrations of these adipocyte-derived hormones and the expression of their receptors in tumors are associated with poor prognosis in various types of cancer. Therefore, leptin and adiponectin dysfunction play a prominent role in cancer and impact tumor invasion and metastasis in different ways. This review clearly and comprehensively summarizes the recent findings and presents the role of leptin and adiponectin in cancer initiation, promotion and progression, focusing on associations with the tumor microenvironment and its components as well as roles in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Bocian-Jastrzębska
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinogy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland; (A.M.-H.); (B.K.-K.)
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Bocian-Jastrzębska A, Malczewska-Herman A, Rosiek V, Kos-Kudła B. Assessment of the Role of Leptin and Adiponectinas Biomarkers in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3517. [PMID: 37444627 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Data on the possible connection between circulating adipokines and PanNENs are limited. This novel study aimed to assess the serum levels of leptin and adiponectin and their ratio in patients with PanNENs and to evaluate the possible relationship between them and PanNEN's grade or stage, including the presence of metastases. The study group consisted of PanNENs (n = 83), and healthy controls (n = 39). Leptin and adiponectin measurement by an ELISA assay was undertaken in the entire cohort. The serum concentration of adiponectin was significantly higher in the control group compared to the study group (p < 0.001). The concentration of leptin and adiponectin was significantly higher in females than in males (p < 0.01). Anincreased leptin-adiponectin ratio was observed in well-differentiated PanNENs (G1) vs. moderatelydifferentiated PanNENs (G2) (p < 0.05). An increased leptin-adiponectin ratio was found in PanNENs with Ki-67 < 3% vs. Ki-67 ≥ 3% (p < 0.05). PanNENs with distal disease presented lower leptin levels (p < 0.001) and a decreased leptin-adiponectin ratio (p < 0.01) compared with the localized disease group. Leptin, adiponectin, and the leptin-adiponectin ratio may serve as potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers for PanNENs. Leptin levels and the leptin-adiponectin ratio may play an important role as predictors of malignancy and metastasis in PanNENs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Bocian-Jastrzębska
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinogy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Malczewska-Herman
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinogy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland
| | - Violetta Rosiek
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinogy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland
| | - Beata Kos-Kudła
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinogy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland
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Effects of the exercise-inducible myokine irisin on proliferation and malignant properties of ovarian cancer cells through the HIF-1 α signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:170. [PMID: 36599894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26700-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise has been shown to be associated with reduced risk and improving outcomes of several types of cancers. Irisin -a novel exercise-related myokine- has been proposed to exert beneficial effects in metabolic disorders including cancer. No previous studies have investigated whether irisin may regulate malignant characteristics of ovarian cancer cell lines. In the present study, we aimed to explore the effect of irisin on viability and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells which was examined by MTT assay. Then, we evaluated the migratory and invasive abilities of the cells via transwell assays. Moreover, the percentage of apoptosis induction was determined by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the mRNA expression level of genes related to the aerobic respiration (HIF-1α, c-Myc, LDHA, PDK1 and VEGF) was detected by real-time PCR. Our data revealed that irisin treatment significantly attenuated the proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Additionally, irisin induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. We also observed that irisin regulated the expression of genes involved in aerobic respiration of ovarian cancer cells. Our results indicated that irisin may play a crucial role in inhibition of cell growth and malignant characteristics of ovarian cancer. These findings may open up avenues for future studies to identify the further therapeutic use of irisin in ovarian cancer management.
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Li B, Sun S, Li JJ, Yuan JP, Sun SR, Wu Q. Adipose tissue macrophages: implications for obesity-associated cancer. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:1. [PMID: 36593475 PMCID: PMC9809128 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00437-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most serious global health problems, with an incidence that increases yearly and coincides with the development of cancer. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are particularly important in this context and contribute to linking obesity-related inflammation and tumor progression. However, the functions of ATMs on the progression of obesity-associated cancer remain unclear. In this review, we describe the origins, phenotypes, and functions of ATMs. Subsequently, we summarize the potential mechanisms on the reprogramming of ATMs in the obesity-associated microenvironment, including the direct exchange of dysfunctional metabolites, inordinate cytokines and other signaling mediators, transfer of extracellular vesicle cargo, and variations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites. A better understanding of the properties and functions of ATMs under conditions of obesity will lead to the development of new therapeutic interventions for obesity-related cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Juan-Juan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Sheng-Rong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China. .,Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Otley MOC, Sinal CJ. Adipocyte-Cancer Cell Interactions in the Bone Microenvironment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:903925. [PMID: 35903271 PMCID: PMC9314873 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.903925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
When compared to adipocytes in other anatomical sites, the interaction of bone marrow resident adipocytes with the other cells in their microenvironment is less well understood. Bone marrow adipocytes originate from a resident, self-renewing population of multipotent bone marrow stromal cells which can also give rise to other lineages such as osteoblasts. The differentiation fate of these mesenchymal progenitors can be influenced to favour adipogenesis by several factors, including the administration of thiazolidinediones and increased age. Experimental data suggests that increases in bone marrow adipose tissue volume may make bone both more attractive to metastasis and conducive to cancer cell growth. Bone marrow adipocytes are known to secrete a variety of lipids, cytokines and bioactive signaling molecules known as adipokines, which have been implicated as mediators of the interaction between adipocytes and cancer cells. Recent studies have provided new insight into the impact of bone marrow adipose tissue volume expansion in regard to supporting and exacerbating the effects of bone metastasis from solid tumors, focusing on prostate, breast and lung cancer and blood cancers, focusing on multiple myeloma. In this mini-review, recent research developments pertaining to the role of factors which increase bone marrow adipose tissue volume, as well as the role of adipocyte secreted factors, in the progression of bone metastatic prostate and breast cancer are assessed. In particular, recent findings regarding the complex cross-talk between adipocytes and metastatic cells of both lung and prostate cancer are highlighted.
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Abstract
Two decades of research have established that Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling plays a critical role in reprogramming the fat cell transcriptome towards inflammation in response to overnutrition and metabolic stress. Several groups have suggested that inhibition of NF-κB signaling could have metabolic benefits for obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. However, two significant problems arise with this approach. The first is how to deliver general NF-κB inhibitors into adipocytes without allowing these compounds to disrupt normal functioning in cells of the immune system. The second issue is that general inhibition of canonical NF-κB signaling in adipocytes will likely lead to a massive increase in adipocyte apoptosis under conditions of metabolic stress, leading full circle into a secondary inflammation (However, this problem may not be true for non-canonical NF-κB signaling.). This review will focus on the research that has examined canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling in adipocytes, focusing on genetic studies that examine loss-of-function of NF-κB specifically in fat cells. Although the development of general inhibitors of canonical NF-κB signaling seems unlikely to succeed in alleviating adipose tissue inflammation in humans, the door remains open for more targeted therapeutics. In principle, these would include compounds that interrogate NF-κB DNA binding, protein-protein interactions, or post-translational modifications that partition NF-κB activity towards some genes and away from others in adipocytes. I also discuss the possibility for inhibitors of non-canonical NF-κB signaling to realize success in mitigating fat cell dysfunction in obesity. To plant the seeds for such approaches, much biochemical “digging” in adipocytes remains; this includes identifying—in an unbiased manner–NF-κB direct and indirect targets, genomic DNA binding sites for all five NF-κB subunits, NF-κB protein-protein interactions, and post-translational modifications of NF-κB in fat cells.
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La Camera G, Gelsomino L, Malivindi R, Barone I, Panza S, De Rose D, Giordano F, D'Esposito V, Formisano P, Bonofiglio D, Andò S, Giordano C, Catalano S. Adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles promote breast cancer cell malignancy through HIF-1α activity. Cancer Lett 2021; 521:155-168. [PMID: 34425186 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging key protagonists in intercellular communication between adipocytes and breast cancer (BC) cells. Here, we described a new mechanism by which EVs released by mature adipocytes promoted breast cancer cell malignancy "in vitro" and "in vivo". We found that adipocyte-derived EVs enhanced growth, motility and invasion, stem cell-like properties, as well as specific traits of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in both estrogen receptor positive and triple negative BC cells. Of note, adipocyte-derived EVs aid breast tumor cells in lung metastatic colonization after tail-vein injection in mice. These EV-mediated effects occur via the induction of HIF-1α activity, since they were abrogated by the use of the HIF-1α inhibitor KC7F2 or in cells silenced for HIF-1α expression. Moreover, using an "ex vivo" model of obese adipocytes we found that the depletion of EVs counteracted the ability of obese adipocytes to sustain pro-invasive phenotype in BC cells. Interestingly, EVs released by undifferentiated adipocytes failed to induce aggressiveness and HIF-1α expression. These findings shed new light on the role of adipocyte-derived EVs in breast cancer progression, suggesting the possibility to target HIF-1α activity to block the harmful adipocyte-tumor cell dialogue, especially in obese settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusi La Camera
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Rocco Malivindi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Salvatore Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Daniela De Rose
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Vittoria D'Esposito
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
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Wang YY, Chen HD, Lo S, Chen YK, Huang YC, Hu SCS, Hsieh YC, Hung AC, Hou MF, Yuan SSF. Visfatin Enhances Breast Cancer Progression through CXCL1 Induction in Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123526. [PMID: 33256011 PMCID: PMC7760195 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Visfatin, an adipocytokine highly expressed in breast tumor tissues, is associated with breast cancer progression. Recent studies showed that adipocytokines mediate tumor development through adipocytokine tumor-stromal interactions in the tumor microenvironment. This study focused on the interaction between one key stromal constituent-tumor-associated macrophages-and visfatin. Pretreatment of THP-1 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with recombinant visfatin resulted in M2-polarization determined by CD163 and CD206 expression. Indirect co-culture with visfatin-treated THP-1 (V-THP-1) promoted the viability, migration, tumorsphere formation, EMT, and stemness of breast cancer cells. Cytokine array identified an increased CXCL1 secretion in V-THP-1 conditioned medium and recombinant CXCL1 enhanced cell migration and invasion, which were abrogated by the CXCL1-neutralizing antibody. Additionally, visfatin induced pERK in THP-1 cells and clinical samples confirmed a positive CXCL1/pERK correlation. In an orthotopic mouse model, the tumor bioluminescent signal of luciferase-expressing MDA-MB-231 (Luc-MDA-MB-231) cells co-cultured with V-THP-1 and the expression of proliferation marker Ki67 were significantly higher than that co-cultured with THP-1. Furthermore, tail vein-injected Luc-MDA-MB-231 pretreated with V-PBMCs conditioned medium metastasized to lungs more frequently compared to control, and this was reversed by CXCL1 blocking antibody. In summary, this study demonstrated that visfatin enhanced breast cancer progression via pERK/CXCL1 induction in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Yun Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.W.); (Y.-K.C.)
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-D.C.); (A.C.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Da Chen
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-D.C.); (A.C.H.)
| | - Steven Lo
- Canniesburn Regional Plastic Surgery and Burns Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G4 0SF, UK;
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Yuk-Kwan Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.W.); (Y.-K.C.)
- Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ci Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Stephen Chu-Sung Hu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Hsieh
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK;
| | - Amos C. Hung
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-D.C.); (A.C.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Shyng-Shiou F. Yuan
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-D.C.); (A.C.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2557)
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Adipocytokines visfatin and resistin in breast cancer: Clinical relevance, biological mechanisms, and therapeutic potential. Cancer Lett 2020; 498:229-239. [PMID: 33152400 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the major modifiable risk factors in breast cancer, with obese adipose tissue showing a pathological role in breast cancer development and malignancy via the release of secretory factors, such as proinflammatory cytokines and adipocytokines. The current article focuses on visfatin and resistin, two such adipocytokines that have emerged over the last two decades as leading breast cancer promoting factors in obesity. The clinical association of circulating visfatin and resistin with breast cancer and their biological mechanisms are reviewed, in addition to their role in the context of tumor-stromal interactions in the breast cancer microenvironment. Recent findings have unraveled several mediators of visfatin and resistin that are involved in the crosstalk between breast cancer cells and adipose tissue in the breast tumor microenvironment, including growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Finally, current therapeutics targeting visfatin and resistin and their respective pathways are discussed, including future therapeutic strategies such as new drug design or neutralizing peptides that target extracellular visfatin or resistin. These hold promise in the development of novel breast cancer therapies and are of increasing relevance as the prevalence of obesity-related breast cancer increases worldwide.
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Laforest S, Pelletier M, Denver N, Poirier B, Nguyen S, Walker BR, Durocher F, Homer NZM, Diorio C, Andrew R, Tchernof A. Estrogens and Glucocorticoids in Mammary Adipose Tissue: Relationships with Body Mass Index and Breast Cancer Features. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5680713. [PMID: 31853538 PMCID: PMC7065843 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adipose tissue is an important site for extragonadal steroid hormone biosynthesis through the expression and activity of P450 aromatase, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) 1, and 17β-HSDs. The contribution of steroid hormones produced by adjacent adipose tissue for the progression and survival of breast tumors is unknown. OBJECTIVE To quantify estrogens (estradiol, estrone) and glucocorticoids (cortisol, cortisone) in breast adipose tissue from both healthy and diseased women and their relationships with adiposity indices and breast cancer prognostic markers. DESIGN AND SETTING Breast adipose tissue was collected at time of surgery. PATIENTS Pre- and postmenopausal women undergoing partial mastectomy for treatment of breast cancer (n = 17) or reduction mammoplasty (n = 6) were studied. INTERVENTIONS Relative estrogen and glucocorticoid amounts were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS The targeted steroids were reliably detected and quantified in mammary adipose tissues. Women with ER+/PR+ tumor had higher relative estradiol amount than women with ER-/PR- tumor (P < .05). The ratio of estradiol-to-estrone was higher in lean women than in women with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (P < .05). Mixed-model analyses showed that estradiol, cortisone, and cortisol were negatively associated with tumor size (P < .05). Relationships between glucocorticoids and tumor size remained significant after adjustment for BMI. The cortisol-to-cortisone ratio was negatively associated with tumor stage (P < .05) independently of BMI. CONCLUSIONS We reliably quantified estrogens and glucocorticoids in breast adipose tissue from healthy women and women suffering from breast cancer. Our findings suggest that smaller breast tumors are associated with higher relative amounts of estradiol and cortisol in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Laforest
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Endocrinology and Nephrology division), School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mélissa Pelletier
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Endocrinology and Nephrology division), School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Nina Denver
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, UK
| | - Brigitte Poirier
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology division), Université Laval Cancer Research Center and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre des maladies du sein Deschênes-Fabia, Hôpital Saint-Sacrement, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Nguyen
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology division), Université Laval Cancer Research Center and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Brian R Walker
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Francine Durocher
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Endocrinology and Nephrology division), Université Laval Cancer Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Natalie Z M Homer
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Caroline Diorio
- Centre des maladies du sein Deschênes-Fabia, Hôpital Saint-Sacrement, Québec, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology division), Université Laval Cancer Research Center and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Ruth Andrew
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - André Tchernof
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Endocrinology and Nephrology division), School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: André Tchernof, PhD, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Y4212, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 4G5. E-mail:
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Naimo GD, Gelsomino L, Catalano S, Mauro L, Andò S. Interfering Role of ERα on Adiponectin Action in Breast Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:66. [PMID: 32132979 PMCID: PMC7041409 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by an excess of adipose tissue, due to adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ producing many bioactive molecules, called adipokines. During obesity, dysfunctional adipocytes alter adipokine secretion, contributing to pathophysiology of obesity-associated diseases, including metabolic syndrome, type 2-diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and many types of malignancies. Circulating adiponectin levels are inversely correlated with BMI, thus adiponectin concentrations are lower in obese than normal-weight subjects. Many clinical investigations highlight that low adiponectin levels represent a serious risk factor in breast carcinogenesis, and are associated with the development of more aggressive phenotype. A large-scale meta-analysis suggests that BMI was positively associated with breast cancer mortality in women with ERα-positive disease, regardless menopausal status. This suggests the importance of estrogen signaling contribution in breast tumorigenesis of obese patients. It has been largely demonstrated that adiponectin exerts a protective role in ERα-negative cells, promoting anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects, while controversial data have been reported in ERα-positive cells. Indeed, emerging data provide evidences that adiponectin in obese patients behave as growth factor in ERα-positive breast cancer cells. This addresses how ERα signaling interference may enhance the potential inhibitory threshold of adiponectin in ERα-positive cells. Thus, we may reasonably speculate that the relatively low adiponectin concentrations could be still not adequate to elicit, in ERα-positive breast cancer cells, the same inhibitory effects observed in ERα-negative cells. In the present review we will focus on the molecular mechanisms through which adiponectin affects breast cancer cell behavior in relationship to ERα expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Daniela Naimo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata, Italy
| | - Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata, Italy
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata, Italy
| | - Loredana Mauro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata, Italy
- *Correspondence: Loredana Mauro
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata, Italy
- Health Center, University of Calabria, Arcavacata, Italy
- Sebastiano Andò
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12
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More Than an Adipokine: The Complex Roles of Chemerin Signaling in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194778. [PMID: 31561459 PMCID: PMC6801800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is widely recognized as an adipokine, with diverse biological roles in cellular differentiation and metabolism, as well as a leukocyte chemoattractant. Research investigating the role of chemerin in the obesity-cancer relationship has provided evidence both for pro- and anti-cancer effects. The tumor-promoting effects of chemerin primarily involve direct effects on migration, invasion, and metastasis as well as growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Chemerin can also promote tumor growth via the recruitment of tumor-supporting mesenchymal stromal cells and stimulation of angiogenesis pathways in endothelial cells. In contrast, the majority of evidence supports that the tumor-suppressing effects of chemerin are immune-mediated and result in a shift from immunosuppressive to immunogenic cell populations within the tumor microenvironment. Systemic chemerin and chemerin produced within the tumor microenvironment may contribute to these effects via signaling through CMKLR1 (chemerin1), GPR1 (chemerin2), and CCLR2 on target cells. As such, inhibition or activation of chemerin signaling could be beneficial as a therapeutic approach depending on the type of cancer. Additional studies are required to determine if obesity influences cancer initiation or progression through increased adipose tissue production of chemerin and/or altered chemerin processing that leads to changes in chemerin signaling in the tumor microenvironment.
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13
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Gelsomino L, Naimo GD, Catalano S, Mauro L, Andò S. The Emerging Role of Adiponectin in Female Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2127. [PMID: 31052147 PMCID: PMC6539460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, characterized by excess body weight, is now accepted as a hazardous health condition and an oncogenic factor. In different epidemiological studies obesity has been described as a risk factor in several malignancies. Some biological mechanisms that orchestrate obesity-cancer interaction have been discovered, although others are still not completely understood. The unbalanced secretion of biomolecules, called "adipokines", released by adipocytes strongly influences obesity-related cancer development. Among these adipokines, adiponectin exerts a critical role. Physiologically adiponectin governs glucose levels and lipid metabolism and is fundamental in the reproductive system. Low adiponectin circulating levels have been found in obese patients, in which its protective effects were lost. In this review, we summarize the epidemiological, in vivo and in vitro data in order to highlight how adiponectin may affect obesity-associated female cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Daniela Naimo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Loredana Mauro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
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14
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Andò S, Gelsomino L, Panza S, Giordano C, Bonofiglio D, Barone I, Catalano S. Obesity, Leptin and Breast Cancer: Epidemiological Evidence and Proposed Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010062. [PMID: 30634494 PMCID: PMC6356310 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has been steadily increasing over the past few decades in several developed and developing countries, with resultant hazardous health implications. Substantial epidemiological evidence has shown that excessive adiposity strongly influences risk, prognosis, and progression of various malignancies, including breast cancer. Indeed, it is now well recognized that obesity is a complex physiologic state associated with multiple molecular changes capable of modulating the behavior of breast tumor cells as well of the surrounding microenvironment. Particularly, insulin resistance, hyperactivation of insulin-like growth factor pathways, and increased levels of estrogen due to aromatization by the adipose tissue, inflammatory cytokines, and adipokines contribute to breast cancerogenesis. Among adipokines, leptin, whose circulating levels increase proportionally to total adipose tissue mass, has been identified as a key member of the molecular network in obesity. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiological link existing between obesity and breast cancer and outlines the molecular mechanisms underlying this connection. The multifaceted role of the obesity adipokine leptin in this respect is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via P Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Salvatore Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via P Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
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15
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Cao N, Ma X, Guo Z, Zheng Y, Geng S, Meng M, Du Z, Lin H, Duan Y, Du G. Oral kanglaite injection (KLTI) attenuates the lung cancer-promoting effect of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Oncotarget 2018; 7:61093-61106. [PMID: 27528218 PMCID: PMC5308638 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for cancer and cancer-related mortality, however, its role in lung cancer progression remains controversial. This study aimed to assess whether high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity promotes lung cancer progression and whether the promotion can be decreased by Kanglaite injection (KLTI). In vivo, HFD-induced overweight or obesity increases the lung carcinoma incidence and multiplicity in a urethane-induced lung carcinogenic model and cancer-related mortality in a LLC allograft model by increasing oxidative stress and cellular signaling molecules including JAK, STAT3, Akt, mTOR, NF-κB and cyclin D1. These changes resulted in increases in vascular disruption and the lung water content, thereby promoting lung epithelial proliferation and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during carcinogenesis. Chronic KLTI treatment substantially prevented the weight gain resulting from HFD consumption, thereby reversing the metabolic dysfunction-related physiological changes and reducing susceptibility to lung carcinogenesis. In vitro, KLTI significantly suppressed the proliferation and induced apoptosis and differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells and attenuated endothelial cell permeability in HUVECs. Our study indicates that there is a potential relationship between obesity and lung cancer. This is the first study to show that obesity can directly accelerate carcinogen-induced lung cancer progression and that KLTI can decrease the lung cancer-promoting effect of HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Cao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China
| | - Zhenzhen Guo
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China
| | - Yaqiu Zheng
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China
| | - Shengnan Geng
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China
| | - Mingjing Meng
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China
| | - Zhenhua Du
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China
| | - Haihong Lin
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China
| | - Yongjian Duan
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475001, China
| | - Gangjun Du
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacy College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province 475004, China
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16
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Jain R, Austin Pickens C, Fenton JI. The role of the lipidome in obesity-mediated colon cancer risk. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 59:1-9. [PMID: 29605789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a state of chronic inflammation influenced by lipids such as fatty acids and their secondary oxygenated metabolites deemed oxylipids. Many such lipid mediators serve as potent signaling molecules of inflammation, which can further alter lipid metabolism and lead to carcinogenesis. For example, sphingosine-1-phosphate activates cyclooxygenase-2 in endothelial cells resulting in the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). PGE2 promotes colon cancer cell growth. In contrast, the less studied path of AA oxygenation via cytochrome p450 enzymes produces epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (EETs), whose anti-inflammatory properties cause shrinking of enlarged adipocytes, a characteristic of obesity, through the liberation of fatty acids. It is now thought that EET depletion occurs in obesity and may contribute to colon cell carcinogenesis. Meanwhile, gangliosides, a type of sphingolipid, are cell surface signaling molecules that contribute to the apoptosis of colon tumor cells. Many of these discoveries have been made recently and the mechanisms are still not fully understood, leading to an exciting new chapter of lipidomic research. In this review, mechanisms behind obesity-associated colon cancer are discussed with a focus on the role of small lipid signaling molecules in the process. Specifically, changes in lipid metabolite levels during obesity and the development of colon cancer, as well as novel biomarkers and targets for therapy, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Jain
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - C Austin Pickens
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jenifer I Fenton
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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17
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Adipocytes promote cholangiocarcinoma metastasis through fatty acid binding protein 4. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:183. [PMID: 29237483 PMCID: PMC5729422 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The early occurrence regional nodal and distant metastases cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is one of the major reasons for its poor prognosis. However, the related mechanisms are largely elusive. Recently, increasing evidences indicate that adipocytes might be involved in the proliferation, homing, migration and invasion of several malignancies. In the present study, we attempt to determine the effects and possible mechanisms of adipocytes on regulating progression of CCA. Methods Adipocyte–CCA cell co-culture system and CCA metastasis mice model were used to determine the effects of adipocytes on CCA metastasis. We identified the biological functions and possible mechanisms of adipocyte-derived fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) in regulating the adipocyte-induced CCA metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypes, both in vitro and in vivo. Results Adipocyte–CCA cell co-culture promotes the in vitro and in vivo tumor metastasis, leading to increased adipocyte-derived fatty acid absorbance and intracellular lipids of CCA cells, which indicates adipocytes might function as the energy source for CCA progression by providing free fatty acids. Further, highly expressed FABP4 protein was identified in adipose tissues and fully differentiated adipocytes, and upregulated FABP4 was also detected by qRT-PCR assay in CCA cells co-cultivated with adipose extracts as compared to parental CCA cells. The specific FABP4 inhibitor BMS309403 significantly impaired adipocyte-induced CCA metastasis and EMT phenotypes both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Together, the results demonstrate that the adipocyte-CCA interaction and the energy extraction of CCA cells from adipocytes are crucial for the invasion, migration and EMT of CCA cells. FABP4 from adipocytes mediates these adipocyte-induced variations in CCA cells, which could serve as a potential target for the treatment of CCA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0641-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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18
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Divella R, Daniele A, Mazzocca A, Abbate I, Casamassima P, Caliandro C, Ruggeri E, Naglieri E, Sabbà C, De Luca R. ADIPOQ rs266729 G/C gene polymorphism and plasmatic adipocytokines connect metabolic syndrome to colorectal cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8:1000-1008. [PMID: 28529612 PMCID: PMC5436252 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: ADIPOQ gene, which encode for Adiponectin (APN), is sited on chromosome 3q27 and linked to a susceptibility locus for metabolic syndrome (MetS). The ADIPOQ rs266729 G/C gene polymorphism is significantly associated with low APN levels and linked to susceptibility to develop cancer. In addition, decreased APN serum levels are linked with tumor development and progression and inversely associated with markers of inflammation. Here, we investigate the influence of APN rs266729 G/C polymorphism on adipocytokine circulating levels and their association with MetS in colorectal cancer patients (CRC). Methods: Blood samples from 105 CRC patients (50 women and 55 men) with and without MetS were genotyped for APN rs266729 G/C polymorphism by TETRA ARMS PCR. ELISA assay was used to measure plasma levels of APN and inflammatory TNF-α cytokine. Biochemical and anthropometric parameters of MetS were also analyzed. Results: We found that CRC patients (N=75) with genotype rs266729G/C or carriers of G allele were associated with a significantly increased risk of MetS development (OR =2.9) compared to those with CC genotype (N=30). Also, CG/GG genotypes were associated with significantly lower plasma APN levels and higher TNF-α levels in comparison to CC genotype (P=0.034) and APN levels were decreased in relation to BMI increases (P=0.001). Conclusions: Our findings show that APN rs266729 G/C polymorphism is associated with lower APN levels in CRC patients, indicating that decreased circulating levels of APN may be a determinant risk factor for CRC in MetS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Divella
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Experimantal Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Daniele
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Experimantal Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Mazzocca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Ines Abbate
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Experimantal Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
| | - Porzia Casamassima
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Experimantal Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
| | - Cosimo Caliandro
- Department of Surgery Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
| | - Eustachio Ruggeri
- Department of Surgery Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuele Naglieri
- Unit of Medical Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Luca
- Department of Surgery Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
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Adraskela K, Veisaki E, Koutsilieris M, Philippou A. Physical Exercise Positively Influences Breast Cancer Evolution. Clin Breast Cancer 2017; 17:408-417. [PMID: 28606800 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed types of cancer in women. Its pathogenesis involves genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. A large body of evidence indicates that physical activity has positive effects on every aspect of breast cancer evolution, including prevention, medical treatment, and aftercare clinical settings. Thus, different types of exercise can influence the prevention and progression of the disease through several common mechanisms, such as reduction of insulin resistance and improvement of immunity and cardiovascular function. Furthermore, acute and chronic symptoms of breast cancer, such as cachexia, muscle mass loss, fatigue, cardiotoxicity, weight gain, hormone alterations, bone loss, and psychologic adverse effects, may all be favorably influenced by regular exercise. We review the relation of intensity and duration of exercise with potential pathophysiologic pathways, including obesity-related hormones and sex steroid hormone production, oxidative stress, epigenetic alterations such as DNA hypomethylation, and changes in telomere length, within the context of the beneficial effects of exercise. The potential role of exercise in reducing the intensity of the adverse effects that result from breast cancer and anticancer treatment is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Adraskela
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Veisaki
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. tfilipou@med/uoa.gr
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20
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Ozoya OO, Siegel EM, Srikumar T, Bloomer AM, DeRenzis A, Shibata D. Quantitative Assessment of Visceral Obesity and Postoperative Colon Cancer Outcomes. J Gastrointest Surg 2017; 21:534-542. [PMID: 28101721 PMCID: PMC5560865 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-017-3362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative computed tomography (CT) assessment of visceral adiposity may be superior to body mass index (BMI) as a predictor of surgical morbidity. We sought to examine the association of CT measures of obesity and BMI with short-term postoperative outcomes in colon cancer patients. METHODS In this retrospective study, 110 patients treated with colectomy for stage I-III colon cancer were classified as obese or non-obese by preoperative CT-based measures of adiposity or BMI [obese: BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, visceral fat area (VFA) to subcutaneous fat area ratio (V/S) ≥0.4, and VFA > 100 cm2]. Postoperative morbidity and mortality rates were compared. RESULTS Obese patients, by V/S and VFA but not BMI, were more likely to be male and have preexisting hypertension and diabetes. The overall complication rate was 25.5%, and there were no mortalities. Obese patients by VFA (with a trend for V/S but not BMI) were more likely to develop postoperative complications as compared to patients classified as non-obese: VFA (30.5 vs.10.7%, p = 0.03), V/S (29.2 vs. 9.5%, p = 0.05), and BMI (32.4 vs. 21.9%, p = 0.23). CONCLUSIONS Elevated visceral obesity quantified by CT is associated with the presence of key metabolic comorbidities and increased postoperative morbidity and may be superior to BMI for risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatobi. O. Ozoya
- Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa FL,Department of Global Health, College of Public Health, University of
South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Erin M. Siegel
- Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa FL,Health Research Informatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Thejal Srikumar
- Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa FL,Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa,
FL
| | | | | | - David Shibata
- Department of Surgery, UT West Cancer Center, University of
Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
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Abstract
Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ which is responsible for postprandial uptake of glucose and fatty acids, consequently producing a broad range of adipokines controlling several physiological functions like appetite, insulin sensitivity and secretion, immunity, coagulation, and vascular tone, among others. Many aspects of adipose tissue pathophysiology in metabolic diseases have been described in the last years. Recent data suggest two main factors for adipose tissue dysfunction: accumulation of nonesterified fatty acids and their secondary products and hypoxia. Both of these factors are thought to be on the basis of low-grade inflammatory activation, further increasing metabolic dysregulation in adipose tissue. In turn, inflammation is involved in the inhibition of substrate uptake, alteration of the secretory profile, stimulation of angiogenesis, and recruitment of further inflammatory cells, which creates an inflammatory feedback in the tissue and is responsible for long-term establishment of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Matafome
- Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences-IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences-IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Divella R, De Luca R, Abbate I, Naglieri E, Daniele A. Obesity and cancer: the role of adipose tissue and adipo-cytokines-induced chronic inflammation. J Cancer 2016; 7:2346-2359. [PMID: 27994674 PMCID: PMC5166547 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue in addition to its ability to keep lipids is now recognized as a real organ with both metabolic and endocrine functions. Recent studies demonstrated that in obese animals is established a status of adipocyte hypoxia and in this hypoxic state interaction between adipocytes and stromal vascular cells contribute to tumor development and progression. In several tumors such as breast, colon, liver and prostate, obesity represents a poor predictor of clinical outcomes. Dysfunctional adipose tissue in obesity releases a disturbed profile of adipokines with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory factors and a consequent alteration of key signaling mediators which may be an active local player in establishing the peritumoral environment promoting tumor growth and progression. Therefore, adipose tissue hypoxia might contribute to cancer risk in the obese population. To date the precise mechanisms behind this obesity-cancer link is not yet fully understood. In the light of information provided in this review that aims to identify the key mechanisms underlying the link between obesity and cancer we support that inflammatory state specific of obesity may be important in obesity-cancer link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Divella
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Experimental Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Luca
- Department of Surgery Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
| | - Ines Abbate
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Experimental Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuele Naglieri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Daniele
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Experimental Oncology. Giovanni Paolo II National Cancer Institute, V.Le Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 -Bari, Italy
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Crisóstomo J, Matafome P, Santos-Silva D, Gomes AL, Gomes M, Patrício M, Letra L, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Santos L, Seiça R. Hyperresistinemia and metabolic dysregulation: a risky crosstalk in obese breast cancer. Endocrine 2016; 53:433-42. [PMID: 26892376 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0893-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. There is extensive literature on the relationship between body weight and breast cancer risk but some doubts still remain about the role of adipokines per se, the role of insulin and glucose regardless of obesity, as well as the crosstalk between these players. Thus, in this study, we intend to determine the relation between body mass index (BMI), glycaemia, insulinemia, insulin-resistance, blood adipokine levels and tumour characteristics in a Portuguese group of pre- and postmenopausal overweight/obese women with breast cancer. We evaluated clinical and biochemical data in 154 participants, divided in 4 groups: (1) control with BMI <25 kg/m(2), n = 29 (CT); (2) control with BMI >25 kg/m(2), n = 48 (CTOb); (3) breast cancer with BMI <25 kg/m(2), n = 30 (BC); and (4) breast cancer with BMI >25 kg/m(2), n = 47 (BCOb). In women with breast cancer, we also performed tumour characterization. We found that BCOb present increased fasting blood glucose, insulin, resistin and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, insulin resistance and more aggressive tumours. Notably, this profile is not correlated with BMI, proposing the involvement of other processes than adiposity. Altogether, our results suggest that glucose dysmetabolism, insulin resistance and changes in adipokine secretion, in particular resistin, may be involved in the development and progression of breast cancer in overweight/obese pre- and postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Crisóstomo
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra Health School, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Santos-Silva
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana L Gomes
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Gomes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Patrício
- Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, IBILI, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana Letra
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana B Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncology and Hematology, Applied Molecular Biology and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetic and Oncobiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC-IBILI, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lelita Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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24
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Cabia B, Andrade S, Carreira MC, Casanueva FF, Crujeiras AB. A role for novel adipose tissue-secreted factors in obesity-related carcinogenesis. Obes Rev 2016; 17:361-76. [PMID: 26914773 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, a pandemic disease, is caused by an excessive accumulation of fat that can have detrimental effects on health. Adipose tissue plays a very important endocrine role, secreting different molecules that affect body physiology. In obesity, this function is altered, leading to a dysfunctional production of several factors, known as adipocytokines. This process has been linked to various comorbidities associated with obesity, such as carcinogenesis. In fact, several classical adipocytokines with increased levels in obesity have been demonstrated to exert a pro-carcinogenic role, including leptin, TNF-α, IL-6 and resistin, whereas others like adiponectin, with decreased levels in obesity, might have an anti-carcinogenic function. In this expanding field, new proteomic techniques and approaches have allowed the identification of novel adipocytokines, a number of which exhibit an altered production in obesity and type 2 diabetes and thus are related to adiposity. Many of these novel adipocytokines have also been identified in various tumour types, such as that of the breast, liver or endometrium, thereby increasing the list of potential contributors to carcinogenesis. This review is focused on the regulation of these novel adipocytokines by obesity, including apelin, endotrophin, FABP4, lipocalin 2, omentin-1, visfatin, chemerin, ANGPTL2 or osteopontin, emphasizing its involvement in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cabia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Carreira
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - F F Casanueva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - A B Crujeiras
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
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25
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Kim BK, Chang Y, Ahn J, Jung HS, Kim CW, Yun KE, Kwon MJ, Suh BS, Chung EC, Shin H, Ryu S. Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and mammographic density in pre- and postmenopausal women. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 153:425-34. [PMID: 26277917 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) or insulin resistance (IR) with mammographic density, a strong risk factor for breast cancer. The goal of this study was to evaluate these associations in pre- and postmenopausal women. A cross-sectional study was performed in 73,974 adult women who underwent a comprehensive health screening examination that included a mammogram between 2011 and 2013 (mean age 42.6 years). MetS was defined according to the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. IR was assessed with the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dense breast were estimated using logistic regression models after adjustment for potential confounders. In premenopausal women, MetS and all its components except waist circumference were associated with dense breast. After adjustment for potential confounders, the OR (95% CI) for dense breast in women with MetS compared with those without MetS was 1.22 (1.06-1.39). In postmenopausal women, however, there was positive but non-significant association between MetS and dense breast. In both pre- and postmenopausal women, high blood glucose and IR were positively associated with dense breast. The OR (95% CI) for dense breast between the highest and lowest quartiles of HOMA-IR was 1.29 (1.20-1.39) for premenopausal women and 1.44 (1.05-1.97) for postmenopausal women. In a large sample of Korean women, MetS and IR were associated with mammographic dense breast, demonstrating that IR, a potentially modifiable risk factor, may increase breast cancer risk, possibly through high mammographic density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kyoung Kim
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Main Building B2, 250, Taepyung-ro 2ga, Jung-gu, Seoul, 100-742, South Korea
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26
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Kumar S, Kumar D, Raina K, Agarwal R, Agarwal C. Functional modification of adipocytes by grape seed extract impairs their pro-tumorigenic signaling on colon cancer stem cells and the daughter cancer cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:10151-69. [PMID: 25294814 PMCID: PMC4259412 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With global rise in obesity, it is imperative that we identify obesity-driven factors that increase growth and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), and also discover and develop agents with anti-CRC efficacy under obese conditions. Here in, we investigated grape seed extract (GSE), a well-defined agent with both preventive and anti-CRC efficacy, for its potential to impair pro-tumorigenic signaling of adipocytes on CRC/colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) and associated molecular mechanisms, to control CRC under obese conditions. GSE treatment significantly decreased the growth and invasion promoting effects of both mouse and human adipocytes on CRC cells. Moreover, GSE exerted a direct inhibitory effect, as well as it strongly reduced the growth promoting signals of adipocytes, on colon CSCs. These GSE effects were associated with a decrease in both mRNA and protein levels of various CSC-associated molecules. Notably, GSE effects on adipocytes were not due to changes in lipid content, but by inducing the ‘browning’ of adipocytes as evidenced by an increase in UCP-1 mRNA level and mitochondriogenesis. Together, these findings, for the first time, suggest the ability of GSE to induce ‘brown remodeling’ of white adipocytes, which causes functional modification of adipocytes thus impairing their pro-tumorigenic signals on colon CSCs/CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colovado Anshutz Medical Campus, Aorova, CO, USA. Contributed equally and share first authorship
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colovado Anshutz Medical Campus, Aorova, CO, USA. Contributed equally and share first authorship
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colovado Anshutz Medical Campus, Aorova, CO, USA. University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colovado Anshutz Medical Campus, Aorova, CO, USA. University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chapla Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colovado Anshutz Medical Campus, Aorova, CO, USA. University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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27
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Park M, Chang IH, Kang H, Han SS. Effect of obesity-related plasma hemodilution on serum tumor marker concentration in women. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2014; 41:784-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minyoung Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - In ho Chang
- Department of Urology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Hyun Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Seung Su Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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28
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Hofmanová J, Straková N, Vaculová AH, Tylichová Z, Šafaříková B, Skender B, Kozubík A. Interaction of dietary fatty acids with tumour necrosis factor family cytokines during colon inflammation and cancer. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:848632. [PMID: 24876678 PMCID: PMC4021685 DOI: 10.1155/2014/848632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis is precisely regulated by a number of endogenous regulatory molecules but significantly influenced by dietary compounds. Malfunction of this system may result in chronic inflammation and cancer. Dietary essential n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and short-chain fatty acid butyrate produced from fibre display anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Both compounds were shown to modulate the production and activities of TNF family cytokines. Cytokines from the TNF family (TNF- α, TRAIL, and FasL) have potent inflammatory activities and can also regulate apoptosis, which plays an important role in cancer development. The results of our own research showed enhancement of apoptosis in colon cancer cells by a combination of either docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or butyrate with TNF family cytokines, especially by promotion of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and modulation of NF κ B activity. This review is focused mainly on the interaction of dietary PUFAs and butyrate with these cytokines during colon inflammation and cancer development. We summarised recent knowledge about the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in such effects and outcomes for intestinal cell behaviour and pathologies. Finally, the possible application for the prevention and therapy of colon inflammation and cancer is also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiřina Hofmanová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nicol Straková
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Hyršlová Vaculová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Tylichová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Šafaříková
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Belma Skender
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alois Kozubík
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
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29
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Moon HS, Mantzoros CS. Regulation of cell proliferation and malignant potential by irisin in endometrial, colon, thyroid and esophageal cancer cell lines. Metabolism 2014; 63:188-93. [PMID: 24268368 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Irisin is a novel hormone that has been proposed to mediate the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolism, including body weight regulation and insulin resistance. No previous studies have evaluated whether irisin may regulate cell proliferation and malignant potential of obesity-related cancer cell lines. MATERIALS/METHODS Cell proliferation and malignant potential i.e. cell adhesion and colony formation were studied in vitro using human and mouse obesity-related cancer cell lines i.e. endometrial (KLE and RL95-2), colon (HT29 and MCA38), thyroid (SW579 and BHP7) and esophageal (OE13 and OE33). RESULTS We observed that, in contrast to metformin, cell proliferation is not regulated by irisin in a dose-dependent manner in human and mouse obesity-related cancer cell lines. Specifically, physiological (5 to 10 nmol/L) and high physiological/pharmacological (50 to 100 nmol/L) concentrations of irisin had no effect on cell proliferation when compared to control in human and mouse endometrial, colon, thyroid and esophageal cancer cell lines. Also, we observed that, in contrast to metformin, neither physiological nor high physiological/pharmacological concentrations of irisin regulate cell adhesion and/or colony formation in human and mouse endometrial, colon, thyroid and esophageal cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that irisin, in physiological and high physiological/pharmacological concentrations, has no in vitro effect on cell proliferation and malignant potential of obesity-related cancer cell lines. Future work is needed to determine the regulation of irisin levels and any physiological effects it may have on obesity-related cancers in vivo in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Seuk Moon
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02130, USA
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30
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Mullner E, Brath H, Nersesyan A, Nitz M, Petschnig A, Wallner M, Knasmuller S, Wagner KH. Nuclear anomalies in exfoliated buccal cells in healthy and diabetic individuals and the impact of a dietary intervention. Mutagenesis 2013; 29:1-6. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/get056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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