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Ślusarczyk M, Bednarska A, Zebrowski ML, Tałanda J. Artificial light at night bans Chaoborus from vital epilimnetic waters. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7995. [PMID: 38580701 PMCID: PMC10997633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58406-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial light at night (ALAN) is known to affect organisms in terrestrial ecosystems and adjacent litoral habitats. In the present study, we tested the effect of ALAN on the spatial distribution of organisms in open waters, using the insect larvae of Chaoborus flavicans as an example. During the day C. flavicans typically hide from visually hunting fish in deep, dark, anoxic waters. On safer nights, they forage in rich subsurface waters. Nighttime field tests revealed that light from an HPS street lamp mounted on a boat anchored in open water attracted planktivorous fish, but deterred planktonic Chaoborus from rich but risky surface waters. Chaoborus did not descend to the safest, anoxic hypolimnion, but remained in hypoxic mid-depth metalimnion, which does not appear to be a perfect refuge. Neither light gradient nor food distribution fully explained their mid-depth residence under ALAN conditions. A further laboratory test revealed a limited tolerance of C. flavicans to anoxia. Half of the test larvae died after 38 h at 9 °C in anoxic conditions. The trade-off between predation risk and oxygen demand may explain why Chaoborus did not hide in deep anoxic waters, but remained in the riskier metalimnion with residual oxygen under ALAN conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Ślusarczyk
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
- Hydrobiological Station, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pilchy 5, 12-200, Pisz, Poland
| | - Anna Bednarska
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Lukasz Zebrowski
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Tałanda
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland.
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Gaynor KM. A big-headed problem drives an ecological chain reaction. Science 2024; 383:370-371. [PMID: 38271504 DOI: 10.1126/science.adn3484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Disruption of key species interactions reverberates across an African savanna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M Gaynor
- Departments of Zoology and Botany, The University of British Columbia (Musqueam) Territory, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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