1
|
Gintoron CS, Mohammed MA, Sazali SN, Deka EQ, Ong KH, Shamsi IH, King PJH. Factors Affecting Pollination and Pollinators in Oil Palm Plantations: A Review with an Emphasis on the Elaeidobius kamerunicus Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). INSECTS 2023; 14:insects14050454. [PMID: 37233082 DOI: 10.3390/insects14050454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pollination is crucial for oil palm yield, and its efficiency is influenced by multiple factors, including the effectiveness of Elaeidobius kamerunicus weevils as pollinators in Southeast Asia. Weevils transfer pollen between male and female flowers, leading to successful fertilization and fruit development, which contributes to higher oil palm yields and increased production of valuable oil. Understanding and conserving the weevil population is important for sustainable oil palm cultivation practices. The interaction between pollinators, including weevils, and environmental factors is complex, involving aspects such as pollinator behavior, abundance, diversity, and effectiveness, which are influenced by weather, landscape composition, and pesticide use. Understanding these interactions is critical for promoting sustainable pollination practices, including effective pest management and maintaining optimal pollinator populations. This review discusses various abiotic and biotic factors that affect pollination and pollinators in oil palm plantations, with a particular focus on weevils as primary pollinators. Factors such as rainfall, humidity, oil palm species, temperature, endogamy, parasitic nematodes, insecticides, predators, and proximity to natural forests can impact the weevil population. Further research is recommended to fill knowledge gaps and promote sustainable pollination practices in the oil palm industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christharina S Gintoron
- Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak, Jalan Nyabau, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
- Institute Ecosystem Science Borneo, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak, Jalan Nyabau, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
- Center for Pre-University Studies, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Azmi Mohammed
- Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak, Jalan Nyabau, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nurlydia Sazali
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Elvy Quatrin Deka
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Kian Huat Ong
- Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak, Jalan Nyabau, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Patricia Jie Hung King
- Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak, Jalan Nyabau, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
- Institute Ecosystem Science Borneo, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak, Jalan Nyabau, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vega‐Trejo R, Boer RA, Fitzpatrick JL, Kotrschal A. Sex‐specific inbreeding depression: A meta‐analysis. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:1009-1026. [PMID: 35064612 PMCID: PMC9304238 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Vega‐Trejo
- Department of Zoology: Ethology Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Zoology Edward Grey Institute University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Raïssa A. Boer
- Department of Zoology: Ethology Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - Alexander Kotrschal
- Department of Zoology: Ethology Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Behavioural Ecology Group Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bagheri Z, Talebi AA, Asgari S, Mehrabadi M. Wolbachia promotes successful sex with siblings in the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:362-368. [PMID: 34532954 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wolbachia are intracellular α-proteobacteria that have a wide distribution among various arthropods and nematodes. They affect the host reproduction favoring their maternal transmission, which sets up a potential conflict in inbreeding situations when the host avoids sexual reproduction preventing inbreeding depression, while Wolbachia pushes it. We used the wasp Habrobracon hebetor to test the hypothesis that Wolbachia modulates inbreeding avoidance behavior and promotes sib mating. RESULTS Our results showed no obvious pre-copulatory inbreeding avoidance in this wasp. However, H. hebetor showed a strong post-copulatory inbreeding avoidance behavior that resulted in a low fertilization rate of uninfected siblings and therefore high rate of production of male progeny was obtained. We observed higher rates of fertilization success in the Wolbachia-infected lines that resulted in significantly higher female progeny production compared to the uninfected sib mates. Since diploid females are the result of successful fertilization due to haplodiploidy sex determination system in this insect, our results indicate that Wolbachia promoted fertile sib mating in H. hebetor. Interestingly, the rate of adult emergence in the progeny of Wolbachia-infected sib mates were almost similar to the non-sib mate crosses and significantly more than those observed in the uninfected sib mate crosses. CONCLUSION Our results support the idea that Wolbachia modulates inbreeding avoidance and promotes sib mating and also mitigates inbreeding depression. By promoting successful sex with siblings and increasing the probability of female progeny, Wolbachia enhances its transmission to the next generation. This is an undescribed effect of Wolbachia on the host reproduction. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Bagheri
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Talebi
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sassan Asgari
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mohammad Mehrabadi
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|