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Rinn N, Rojas-León I, Peerless B, Gowrisankar S, Ziese F, Rosemann NW, Pilgrim WC, Sanna S, Schreiner PR, Dehnen S. Adamantane-type clusters: compounds with a ubiquitous architecture but a wide variety of compositions and unexpected materials properties. Chem Sci 2024; 15:9438-9509. [PMID: 38939157 PMCID: PMC11206280 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01136h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The research into adamantane-type compounds has gained momentum in recent years, yielding remarkable new applications for this class of materials. In particular, organic adamantane derivatives (AdR4) or inorganic adamantane-type compounds of the general formula [(RT)4E6] (R: organic substituent; T: group 14 atom C, Si, Ge, Sn; E: chalcogenide atom S, Se, Te, or CH2) were shown to exhibit strong nonlinear optical (NLO) properties, either second-harmonic generation (SHG) or an unprecedented type of highly-directed white-light generation (WLG) - depending on their respective crystalline or amorphous nature. The (missing) crystallinity, as well as the maximum wavelengths of the optical transitions, are controlled by the clusters' elemental composition and by the nature of the organic groups R. Very recently, it has been additionally shown that cluster cores with increased inhomogeneity, like the one in compounds [RSi{CH2Sn(E)R'}3], not only affect the chemical properties, such as increased robustness and reversible melting behaviour, but that such 'cluster glasses' form a conceptually new basis for their use in light conversion devices. These findings are likely only the tip of the iceberg, as beside elemental combinations including group 14 and group 16 elements, many more adamantane-type clusters (on the one hand) and related architectures representing extensions of adamantane-type clusters (on the other hand) are known, but have not yet been addressed in terms of their opto-electronic properties. In this review, we therefore present a survey of all known classes of adanmantane-type compounds and their respective synthetic access as well as their optical properties, if reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Rinn
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Irán Rojas-León
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Benjamin Peerless
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Saravanan Gowrisankar
- Department of Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany
| | - Ferdinand Ziese
- Department of Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany
| | - Nils W Rosemann
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Engesserstr. 13 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Wolf-Christian Pilgrim
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps University Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Simone Sanna
- Department of Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Department of Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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Danker F, Engesser TA, Broich D, Näther C, Bensch W. The cation and anion bonding modes make a difference: an unprecedented layered structure and a tri(hetero)nuclear moiety in thioantimonates(V). Dalton Trans 2021; 50:18107-18117. [PMID: 34853836 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03014k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mixing solutions of M2+ (M = Cu2+ or Zn2+) salts containing cyclam (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) as the ligand and an aqueous solution of Na3SbS4·9H2O at room temperature led to the crystallization of two new compounds within minutes: {[Cu(cyclam)]3[SbS4]2}n·20nH2O (I) and {[Zn(cyclam)]3[SbS4]2}·8H2O (II). In the structure of I [SbS4]3- anions acting as a tridentate ligand join CuN4S2 octahedra generating twelve-membered rings by corner-sharing of SbS4 and CuN4S2 units. The rings are condensed into layers, which are stacked onto each other in a 6R polytype manner. The layers contain large pores with the water molecules located between the layers above and below the pores. In contrast, the structure of II comprises a discrete molecular tri(hetero)nuclear moiety with a bidentate [SbS4]3- anion connecting two rectangular pyramidal ZnN4S polyhedra. The crystal water molecules of I and II can be thermally removed, and I and II are recovered by treatment under a humid atmosphere. The EPR spectrum of I indicates the presence of Cu2+ cations, which is unusual in the environment of S2- anions. The different bonding situations and the preferences for the coordination geometries of Cu2+ and Zn2+ cations are rationalized by DFT based calculations, demonstrating that Cu2+ prefers an octahedral environment while Zn2+ adopts the square-pyramidal coordination. The pronounced differences in the vibrational spectra are also analyzed with DFT, showing how the different modes are influenced by the differing bond strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Danker
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Tobias A Engesser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Dario Broich
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Christian Näther
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Bensch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
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Fu Y, Liu X, Shan C, Zhou J, Fu W. An Organic Hybrid Indium-Telluride Incorporating Binuclear Complexes [In 2(ea) 4] 2+ with a Bridging Oxygen Donor. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12724-12729. [PMID: 34424673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The new organic hybrid indium-telluride [In2(ea)2Te2]n (1; Hea = ethanolamine) exhibits a new type of one-dimensional polymeric chain based on the linkages of dinuclear [In2(ea)4]2+ and [In2Te4]2- units, which offers the first example of an indium-telluride framework incorporating binuclear complexes [In2(ea)4]2+ with a bridging O donor. 1 shows a distinctive photocurrent response and photocatalytic properties under visible-light illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Xing Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Shan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
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Sun M, Zhang S, Wang KY, Wang J, Cheng L, Zhu JY, Zhao YM, Wang C. Mixed Solvothermal Synthesis of T n Cluster-Based Indium and Gallium Sulfides Using Versatile Ammonia or Amine Structure-Directing Agents. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7115-7127. [PMID: 33926189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Metal chalcogenide supertetrahedral Tn clusters are of current interest for their unique compositions and structures, which rely highly on the structure-directing agents. Herein, we report four novel Tn cluster-based indium and gallium sulfides, namely, [NH(CH3)3]4In4S10H4 (1), (NH3)4Ga4S6 (2), [NH3CH2CH3]5(NH2CH2CH3)2Ga11S19 (3), and [NH3CH2CH2OH]6Ga10S18·2NH2CH2CH2OH (4). All four compounds were solvothermally synthesized in mixed amine-ethanol solutions or deep eutectic solvent (DES), where ammonia/amine molecules play significant structure-directing roles in the speciation and crystal growth. (1) Being protonated, the trimethylamine and ethanolamine molecules surround the T2-[In4S10H4]4- clusters (for 1) and [Ga10S18]n6n- open framework (for 4), respectively, compensating for the negative charge of the inorganic moieties. (2) With the lone pair of electrons, the ammonia molecules in 2 coordinate directly to corner Ga3+ ions of the {Ga4S6} cage to give a neutral T2-(NH3)4Ga4S6 cluster. (3) For compound 3, part of the ethylamine molecules act as terminating ligands for the T1 and T3 units in the [Ga11S19(NH2CH2CH3)2]n5n- layer, while the rest act as interlamellar countercations upon protonation. Theoretical studies reveal the contributions of N, C, and H to the density of states (DOS) for 2 and 3 because of their hybrid structures that combine the ammonia/amine ligands with sulfide moieties together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Kai-Yao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Lin Cheng
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Ying Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ming Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Optoelectronic Crystalline Materials, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
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Wang KY, Zhang S, Liu HW, Cheng L, Wang C. Stepwise Conversion from GeO 2 to [MGe 4S 10] n3n- (M = Cu, Ag) Polymer via Isolatable [Ge 2S 6] 4- and [Ge 4S 10] 4- Anions by Virtue of Templating Technique. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:12832-12842. [PMID: 31490672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rational synthesis of inorganic matter remains a great challenge encountered with modern synthetic chemistry. Here we reported the stepwise solvothermal conversion from GeO2 to [MGe4S10]n3n- (M = Cu, Ag) polymer via isolatable [Ge2S6]4- and [Ge4S10]4- anions by virtue of templating technique. The facile sulfuration of GeO2 resulted in the methylammonium-templated dimeric thiogermanate [CH3NH3]4Ge2S6 (1). This was used subsequently as a precursor for the formation of adamantane-like [Ge4S10]4- cluster, which was isolated as a mixed methylammonium/ethylammonium salt [CH3CH2NH3]3[CH3NH3]Ge4S10 (2). Compound 2 was then successfully used as a precursor to react with Cu+ and Ag+ cations in the presence of tetraethylammonium, resulting in alternating copolymeric products [(CH3CH2)4N]3MGe4S10 (M = Cu (3), Ag (4)), whose anionic moieties feature a novel zigzag chainlike structure constructed by [Ge4S10]4- clusters via two-coordinate Cu+/Ag+ linkers. Mixed amine/ethanol or deep eutectic solvents were applied as media for the syntheses of 1-4, and all the products were characterized in the solid state and solution. Crystal structural analysis of the title compounds revealed significant templating roles of the alkylammonium cations as both space-filling agents and hydrogen-bonding donors, suggesting the structure-directing mechanism for the species formation and crystal growth. The design and optimization of multistep structural conversion upon templating effects would be beneficial for drawing rational, predictable pathways for inorganic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Technology , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Technology , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
| | - Hua-Wei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Technology , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
| | - Lin Cheng
- College of Chemistry , Tianjin Normal University , Tianjin 300387 , P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tianjin University of Technology , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
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Coordination chemistry of organometallic or inorganic binary group 14/16 units towards d-block and f-block metal atoms. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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