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Perricelli F, Boscaglia M, Cantiano M, Spitaleri L, Fragalà ME, Gulino A. Chemical and Morphological Modifications Induced by Argon Plasma Treatments on Fluorinated Polybenzoxazole Films. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15586-15593. [PMID: 37151557 PMCID: PMC10157868 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated photodefinable polymers are widely employed as re-distribution layers in wafer-level packaging to produce microelectronic devices because of their suitable low dielectric constant and moisture absorption, high mechanical toughness, thermal conductivity and stability, and chemical inertness. Typically, fluorinated photodefinable polybenzoxazoles (F-PBOs) are the most used in this field. In the present work, we investigated by atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy the morphological and chemical modifications induced by Ar plasma treatments on F-PBO films. This process, used to remove surface contaminant species, as well as increase the polymeric surface roughness, to improve the adhesion to the other components during electronic packaging, is a crucial step during the manufacturing of some microelectronic devices. We found that argon plasma treatments determine the wanted drastic increase of the polymer surface roughness but, in the presence of a patterned silver layer on F-PBO, needed for the fabrication of electric contacts in microelectronic devices, also induce some unwanted formation of silver fluoride species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luca Spitaleri
- STMicroelectronics
Stradale Primosole, 50, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Fragalà
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- INSTM
UdR of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Gulino
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- INSTM
UdR of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- . Tel.: +39-095-7385067. Fax. +39-095-580138
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Fiorenza R, Spitaleri L, Perricelli F, Nicotra G, Fragalà ME, Scirè S, Gulino A. Efficient photocatalytic oxidation of VOCs using ZnO@Au nanoparticles. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shilar FA, Ganachari SV, Patil VB, Khan TMY, Almakayeel NM, Alghamdi S. Review on the Relationship between Nano Modifications of Geopolymer Concrete and Their Structural Characteristics. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071421. [PMID: 35406294 PMCID: PMC9003342 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this review is to study some important nanomaterials and their impact on the performance of geopolymer concrete. This paper is an investigation into trends and technology in the development of different nanomaterials to develop higher structural performance geopolymer concrete. The effect of the alkaline to binder and sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio on the performances of geopolymer performances is studied. The relationship between setting time and slump is evaluated through the ternary plot, the variation in compressive strength values is evaluated using the kernel density plot, and the relationship between split tensile and flexural strength is investigated using the scattering interval plot. Regression analysis is carried out among water absorption and bulk-density result values obtained from previous literature. As the molarity and alkaline to binder (A/B) ratios increase, the strength development of geopolymer concrete increases up to a specific limit. The addition of a small quantity of nanomaterials, namely, nano silica, nano alumina, carbon nano tubes, and nano clay, led to the maximum strength development of geopolymer concrete. Incorporating these nanomaterials into the geopolymer significantly refines the structural stability, improving its durability. The various products in GP composites emerging from the incorporation of highly reactive SEM, XRD, and FTIR analysis of nanomaterials reveal that the presence of nanomaterials, which enhances the rate of polymerization, leads to better performance of the geopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatheali A. Shilar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jain College of Engineering, Belagavi 590014, India;
| | - Sharanabasava V. Ganachari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India
- Correspondence: (S.V.G.); (T.M.Y.K.); Tel.: +91-836-2378295 (S.V.G.)
| | - Veerabhadragouda B. Patil
- Institute of Energetic Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic;
| | - T. M. Yunus Khan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 394, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.V.G.); (T.M.Y.K.); Tel.: +91-836-2378295 (S.V.G.)
| | - Naif Mana Almakayeel
- Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Saleh Alghamdi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.); (S.A.)
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Wang Q, Wang H, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Yang H. Core-Shell Sr 2CeO 4@SiO 2 Filled COC-Based Composites with Low Dielectric Loss for High-Frequency Substrates. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4006. [PMID: 34833303 PMCID: PMC8625303 DOI: 10.3390/polym13224006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High-frequency communication equipment urgently needs substrate materials with lower dielectric loss, better heat dissipation, and higher stability, to ensure real-time low-loss and high-speed signal transmission. The core-shell structure of Sr2CeO4@SiO2 was prepared by the sol-gel method, and the modified powders with different volume contents were introduced into the cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) to prepare hydrocarbon resin-based composites. Due to the protective effect of the SiO2 shell, the stability of the powders is significantly improved, and the moisture barrier and corrosion resistance of the composites are enhanced, which is conducive to the normal operation of electronic equipment in harsh and complex environments. When the filler content is 20 vol%, the composite has a dielectric loss of 0.0023 at 10 GHz, a dielectric constant of 3.5, a thermal conductivity of 0.9 W·m-1·K-1, a water absorption of 0.32% and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 37.7 ppm/°C. The COC/Sr2CeO4@SiO2 composites exhibit excellent dielectric properties and thermal conductivity, while maintaining good moisture resistance and dimensional stability, which shows potential application prospects in the field of high-frequency substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory Silicon Mat, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Q.W.); (H.W.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory Silicon Mat, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Q.W.); (H.W.); (H.Y.)
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Jiaxing Glead Elect Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314003, China;
| | - Qilong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Silicon Mat, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Q.W.); (H.W.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory Silicon Mat, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Q.W.); (H.W.); (H.Y.)
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Tuccitto N, Spitaleri L, Li Destri G, Pappalardo A, Gulino A, Trusso Sfrazzetto G. Supramolecular Sensing of a Chemical Warfare Agents Simulant by Functionalized Carbon Nanoparticles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235731. [PMID: 33291853 PMCID: PMC7730470 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Real-time sensing of chemical warfare agents by optical sensors is today a crucial target to prevent terroristic attacks by chemical weapons. Here the synthesis, characterization and detection properties of a new sensor, based on covalently functionalized carbon nanoparticles, are reported. This nanosensor exploits noncovalent interactions, in particular hydrogen bonds, to detect DMMP, a simulant of nerve agents. The nanostructure of the sensor combined with the supramolecular sensing approach leads to high binding constant affinity, high selectivity and the possibility to reuse the sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzio Tuccitto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.L.D.); (A.P.); (A.G.)
- Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanotechnology–CSGI, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (G.T.S.); Tel.: +39-0957385201 (G.T.S.)
| | - Luca Spitaleri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.L.D.); (A.P.); (A.G.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (I.N.S.T.M.) Research Unit of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Li Destri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.L.D.); (A.P.); (A.G.)
- Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanotechnology–CSGI, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Pappalardo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.L.D.); (A.P.); (A.G.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (I.N.S.T.M.) Research Unit of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Gulino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.L.D.); (A.P.); (A.G.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (I.N.S.T.M.) Research Unit of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Trusso Sfrazzetto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.L.D.); (A.P.); (A.G.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (I.N.S.T.M.) Research Unit of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (G.T.S.); Tel.: +39-0957385201 (G.T.S.)
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Optimization of ZnO Nanorods Growth on Polyetheresulfone Electrospun Mats to Promote Antibacterial Properties. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071696. [PMID: 32272751 PMCID: PMC7180436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods grown by chemical bath deposition (CBD) on the surface of polyetheresulfone (PES) electrospun fibers confer antimicrobial properties to the obtained hybrid inorganic–polymeric PES/ZnO mats. In particular, a decrement of bacteria colony forming units (CFU) is observed for both negative (Escherichia coli) and positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) Grams. Since antimicrobial action is strictly related to the quantity of ZnO present on surface, a CBD process optimization is performed to achieve the best results in terms of coverage uniformity and reproducibility. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provide morphological and compositional analysis of PES/ZnO mats while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is useful to assess the best process conditions to guarantee the higher amount of ZnO with respect to PES scaffold. Biocidal action is associated to Zn2+ ion leaching in solution, easily indicated by UV–Vis measurement of metallation of free porphyrin layers deposited on glass.
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Spitaleri L, Nicotra G, Zimbone M, Contino A, Maccarrone G, Alberti A, Gulino A. Fast and Efficient Sun Light Photocatalytic Activity of Au_ZnO Core-Shell Nanoparticles Prepared by a One-Pot Synthesis. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:15061-15066. [PMID: 31552348 PMCID: PMC6751723 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanostructures absorb visible light and show localized surface plasmon resonance bands in the visible region. Semiconducting ZnO nanostructures are excellent for ultraviolet detection, thanks to their wide band gap, large free exciton binding energy, and high electron mobility. Therefore, the coupling of gold and ZnO nanostructures represents the best-suited way to boost photodetection. With the above perspective, we report on the high photocatalytic activity of some Au_ZnO core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) recently prepared by a one-pot synthesis in which a [zinc citrate]- complex acted as the ZnO precursor, a reducing agent for Au3+, and a capping anion for the obtained Au NPs. The overall nanostructures proved to be Au(111) NPs surrounded by a thin layer of [zinc citrate]- that evolved to Au_ZnO core-shell nanostructures. Worthy of note, with this photocatalyst, sun light efficiently decomposes a standard methylene blue solution according to ISO 10678:2010. We rationalized photodetection, reaction rate, and quantum efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Spitaleri
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Annalinda Contino
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maccarrone
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Antonino Gulino
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- INSTM
UdR of Catania, Viale
Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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