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Šmit BM, Pavlović RZ, Milenković DA, Marković ZS. Mechanism, kinetics and selectivity of selenocyclization of 5-alkenylhydantoins: an experimental and computational study. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1865-75. [PMID: 26664604 PMCID: PMC4661018 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism and selectivity of a bicyclic hydantoin formation by selenium-induced cyclization are investigated. The proposed mechanism involves the intermediates formed by an electrophilic addition of the selenium reagent on a double bond of the starting 5-alkenylhydantoin prior the cyclization. These intermediates are readily converted into the more stable cyclic seleniranium cations. A key step of the mechanism is an intramolecular cyclization which is realized through an anti-attack of the internal nucleophile, the amidic nitrogen, to the seleniranium cation yielding the intermediate imidazolinium cations. Their deprotonation is followed by the formation of the fused bicyclic reaction products. Important intermediates and key transition states are studied by using density functional theory (DFT) methods. The pathways of the reaction are investigated in detail. There are two regioselective pathways related to 5-exo and 6-endo products. Theoretical calculations and the monitoring of the cyclization reaction using (1)H NMR spectroscopy are in a good agreement with the proposed mechanism and are consistent with our experimental results. The preferred pathway for formation of 5-exo products is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana M Šmit
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12 P.O. Box 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Radoslav Z Pavlović
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12 P.O. Box 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dejan A Milenković
- Bioengineering Research and Development Center, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zoran S Marković
- Bioengineering Research and Development Center, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Chemical-Technological Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
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Hill MS, Liptrot DJ, Mahon MF. A Magnesium-Mediated Cascade Assembly for the Atom-Economical Synthesis of Bis(imidazolidine-2,4-dione)s. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:5364-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Khodaee Z, Yahyazadeh A, Mahmoodi NO. One-Pot Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Types of 5,5′-Disubstituted Bis(imidazolidine-2,4-diones). J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziba Khodaee
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Guilan; P. O. Box 1914; Rasht; Iran
| | - Asieh Yahyazadeh
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Guilan; P. O. Box 1914; Rasht; Iran
| | - Nosrat O. Mahmoodi
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Guilan; P. O. Box 1914; Rasht; Iran
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Brockmeyer F, Kröger D, Stalling T, Ullrich P, Martens J. A Manifold Three-Step Synthetic Route to Polycyclic Annulated HydantoinsviaCyclic Imines. Helv Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201200441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Claeys DD, Verstraelen T, Pauwels E, Stevens CV, Waroquier M, Speybroeck VV. Conformational Sampling of Macrocyclic Alkenes Using a Kennard−Stone-Based Algorithm. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:6879-87. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1022778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diederica D. Claeys
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, QCMM - alliance Ghent−Brussels, Belgium, and Research Group SynBioC, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Toon Verstraelen
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, QCMM - alliance Ghent−Brussels, Belgium, and Research Group SynBioC, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ewald Pauwels
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, QCMM - alliance Ghent−Brussels, Belgium, and Research Group SynBioC, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christian V. Stevens
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, QCMM - alliance Ghent−Brussels, Belgium, and Research Group SynBioC, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michel Waroquier
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, QCMM - alliance Ghent−Brussels, Belgium, and Research Group SynBioC, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, QCMM - alliance Ghent−Brussels, Belgium, and Research Group SynBioC, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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